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Open Access Article
1 - Effect of land use changes on some soil physical and chemical properties (case study: Baneh)
لیلا غلامی مسعود داوری کمال نبی اللهی حامد جنیدی جعفریNon-scientific and unconscious changes in land use have negative impacts on ‎the soil physical and chemical properties. In this research, the effect of land use ‎changes on some soil physical and chemical properties was investigated. For this propose, three site MoreNon-scientific and unconscious changes in land use have negative impacts on ‎the soil physical and chemical properties. In this research, the effect of land use ‎changes on some soil physical and chemical properties was investigated. For this propose, three sites in three ‎‎‎adjacent land use ‎types including pasture, forest and‏ ‏agricultural‏ ‏lands were randomly selected in region of Baneh, ‎‎‎‎‎Kurdistan ‎province. Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected from three sites at each of the different land use types from depths of 0–15 and 15–30 cm ‎and were analysed in the laboratory‎. The results indicated that land use changes have no significant effects on the percentage of sand, silt and clay. Change in the land use type caused increase in bulk density and decrease in total porosity, soil hydraulic conductivity and aggregate stability. The ‎most percentage of coarse aggregates (0.25-8 mm) and fine aggregates (0.053-0.25 mm) was found in forest ‎and ‎agricultural land, respectively. Land use change caused increase in electrical conductivity and ‎soil reaction which increases with depth too. The results also indicated that land use change significantly decreases the amount of soil organic carbon. The average of soil organic carbon in forest, agricultural land and pastures were 4.99, 2.26 and 1.79%, respectively. In general, the results of this research showed that changes in land use has adverse effects on the soil physical and chemical properties that can result in reducing soil quality and increasing its degradation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Changes in quality of soils with contrasting moisture regimes as affected by cultivation: with an emphasis on soil physical quality
Delnia Bapiri حبیب خداوردیلو Mohsen Barin Yubert GhoostaAgricultural practices may decline the quality of soils. Knowing the temporal changes of soil quality in the agriculture lands is crucial for optimal management of lands and to achieve the maximum economic efficiency. In this study, some physical characteristics of four MoreAgricultural practices may decline the quality of soils. Knowing the temporal changes of soil quality in the agriculture lands is crucial for optimal management of lands and to achieve the maximum economic efficiency. In this study, some physical characteristics of four cultivated soil were compared with neighboring non-cultivated soils as control treatments. A given site, four soil samples (including two soil samples from cultivated lands and the two soil samples from adjacent non-cultivated lands) were collected. Soil structural stability, soil moisture retention curves, particle size distribution and porosity of soil, mechanical strength, plant available water and aeration, relative field capacity, integral water capacity was measured. In the cultivated lands, soil structural stability, macroporosity and field capacity were decreased, while the microporosity and soil sensitivity to crusting were increased compared with the uncultivated lands. It could be concluded that agricultural practices decline the soil quality that should be avoided by proper soil management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Laboratory Evaluation the Organic Amender’s Effect on the Leaching Process of Saline- Sodic Soils
MOHAMMADREZA DALAIAN FATEMEH ZABIHI samira sarbazrashidBackground and Aim: Soil salinity and alkalinity are one of the most important destructive soil processes, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Sodium soils are faced with degradation of soil structure, reduction of permeability and speed of water movement in the s MoreBackground and Aim: Soil salinity and alkalinity are one of the most important destructive soil processes, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Sodium soils are faced with degradation of soil structure, reduction of permeability and speed of water movement in the soil, runoff increasing, decrease of land use, ventilation decreasing, and finally, decrease of crop yield. Many researches have been conducted based on physical, chemical, and biological methods to improve the saline and sodic soils, but the hybrid method is the most effective in the improvement of these soils. In this study, the effect of two organic amenders (Potassium Humate and Chicken Feather-CF) with leaching in improving some physical and chemical properties of saline and sodic soils has been investigated.Method: In this research, a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with 16 treatments and 3 replications was conducted. The first factor was the type of amender (Potassium Humate and Chicken Feather), the second factor was the amount of amender (0.75 and 1.5 Weight percentage) and the third factor was leaching levels (no leaching, 45, 90, and 135 days of incubation). After sampling from depth 0 to 30 cm and measuring some physical and chemical properties of the soil samples, the amenders are mixed with the soil and the soil moisture content was delivered to the field capacity (0.7-0.8 FC). Then the soil samples were poured into the columns. Soil columns were leached at three intervals of 1.5 months with the amount of one pore volume (P.V). At each leaching stage, the properties such as soil acidity (pH), electrical conductivity (ECe) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) in drainage water (DW) and pH, EC, SAR, cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), wet aggregate stability (WAS), organic carbon (OC) and hydraulic saturation conductivity (Ks) were measured in soil columns. Statistical analyzes and the comparison of means were performed by LSD test and using SPSS17 software. The graphs were drawn with EXCEL software.Results: The results showed that Potassium Humate reduced the pH of the soil and increased the pH of DW. This effect was more as the amender’s weight and leaching increased. Also, Potassium Humate reduced the ECe of soil and this effect was more as the leaching increased. The findings showed that the high amount of amenders led to the high SAR in DW. As the leaching stage increased, the SAR of soil decreased in both amenders. The 1.5% of amenders amount had more effect on the reduction of SAR than the level of 0.75% in both amenders. With increasing leaching, the CEC of soil decreased. The highest CEC (31.2 cmolc.kg-1) was obtained in the CF with 1.5% of the amender’s amount. When the number of amenders increased, the CEC of soil increased. Also, when the leaching and the amount of CF increased, the ESP of soil decreased.The results showed that with increasing the leaching in Potassium Humate, the % OC of soil decreased. The WAS increased with increasing the amount of CF. The highest amount of WAS was in CF (1.5%). Potassium Humate in high amounts (1.5 %) reduced Ks. Ks decreased with increasing leaching from the second leaching stage onwards.Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that the addition of amenders increases the pH and SAR in the DW and decreases the pH (from 8.24 to 7.39), ECe (from 17.07 to 0.8 dS.m-1) and SAR (from 19.34 to 11.1 (cmolc.l-1)0.5) in the soil. Leaching increased pH and ECe in DW and decreased CEC, ESP in soil and decreased KS by increasing leaching stages after the second leaching stage. Potassium Humate reduced OC%, KS and Chicken Feather increased CEC and WAS and decreased ESP in soil. In general, Chicken Feather (with 0.75%) along with leaching is recommended to modify the saline and sodic soils. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The effect of type, particle size and amount of biochar on some physical and mechanical properties of calcareous soil
Hassan Osooli Ahmad Karimi Hossein shirani Sayyed Hassan TabatabaeiRecently, biochar has been considered as a soil conditioner. In research, the effect of the type and amount of biochar on soil properties has been emphasized. This field study was conducted to investigate the combined effect of type, amount and size of biochar particles MoreRecently, biochar has been considered as a soil conditioner. In research, the effect of the type and amount of biochar on soil properties has been emphasized. This field study was conducted to investigate the combined effect of type, amount and size of biochar particles on the total porosity (TP), penetration resistance (PR), mean weight diameter of aggregates (MWD) in a sandy loam texture. Factorial experiment was performed as a randomized complete block design with three factors of type, amount and biochar particle size in three replications. Wheat straw, vermicompost and apricot firewood biochard were added to the soil in 0.5, 1.5 and 3% and particle sizes of 0.5, 0.5-1 and 1-2 mm. All three biochar increased TP significantly and decreased PR significantly compared to control. Biochar type had the largest contribution in TP and PR changes. The highest TP was obtained in the wheat straw biochar treatment with 3% and particle size of 1-2 mm. The greatest decrease in PR was observed in wheat straw biochar with a value of 3% and a particle size of 0.5-1 mm. Interaction of type, amount and size of biochar particles had the largest contribution to MWD change. The largest MWD (1.22 mm) was observed in wheat straw biochar with biochar amount of 0.5% and particle size of 0.5 mm. The results showed that the amount and size of biochar particles had different effects on soil properties depending on the type of biochar. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Effect of Land Use Change from Forest to Agriculture and Abounded of Agriculture on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Zagros Forest Ecosystem
Masoud Bazgir Mehdi Hydari Nasim Zeynali Mehrdad KohzadeanBackground and Objective: Deforestation and land use change of forests into simple ecosystems is as a global concerning and this problem also increases in Asia during the 20th century.This study aimed to study effect of land use change from forest to agriculture and abo MoreBackground and Objective: Deforestation and land use change of forests into simple ecosystems is as a global concerning and this problem also increases in Asia during the 20th century.This study aimed to study effect of land use change from forest to agriculture and abounded of agriculture on soil physical and chemical properties in Zagros forest ecosystem.Method: We consider similar conditions in terms of physiography by maximum different height in150 m and distancing less than 3 km including undisturbed forest (control), Long-term abounded of agriculture and continues agriculture.Findings: The results of one-way ANOVA showed that all soil physical and chemical properties had significant differences among different land uses. The highest amount of organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium found in control and agricultural abounded. According to PCA analysis, control and Long-term abounded of agriculture land uses were strongly correlated with the same direction of the first and second axis. This means that soil attributes in these land uses were similar.Discussion and Conclusion: Results showed that change in land use from Zagros forest into agriculture had distinguished negative effecton soil physical and chemical properties.By doing long-term protection on degraded soil because of land use change can improve soil properties like forest soils conditions. The monitoring of applied management such as conservation management on soil properties according to the distance of plots studied using principal components analysis is possible. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Investigation effect of the developing salinity water on the quality of irrigation water and soils physicochemical characteristics of pistachio cultivation of Sirjan area
Ali Neshat Ali ZeinadiniSirjan area is one of the important agricultural areas in Kerman province. Sirjan-zeidabad plain is themost important area of agriculture in Sirjan city and the most of it is allocated to culture pistachio. Inrecent three decades, high application of ground waters, cont MoreSirjan area is one of the important agricultural areas in Kerman province. Sirjan-zeidabad plain is themost important area of agriculture in Sirjan city and the most of it is allocated to culture pistachio. Inrecent three decades, high application of ground waters, continued droughts and serious evaporationcaused the decrease of groundwater level that resulted moving salinity water from the Kheirabad saltpan to nearly pistachio lands. The moving salinity water in this area caused the undesirable quality ofirrigation water, change of physicochemical characteristics and decreasing pistachio yield. In order toperform this research, first, topographical maps (1:25000) and satellite pictures of area were applied.Then a number of studied points were chosen and samples of soils and waters at any point were sent tolibrary. At next step, regression of relationships between soil and water considering differentparameters such as EC, pH, Ca, Mg, Na, Cl and HCO3 was confirmed by using Excel software.Results showed that all parameters of irrigation water, except PH, have direct effect on factors in soil.This subject shows the effects of unknown waters on changing the quality of soil characteristicsespecially land salinization. The measured parameters volumes, in areas under effect of developing ofsalinity water, were unusable for cultivation based on FAO standards The pistachio orchards whichhad no problems of salinity, had economic production. Also, results showed that time has effect onundesirability of irrigation waters. Finally, for every studied area there was a completed questionnairein order to predict new ways of removing the problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Evaluation of the Influence of Sulfur and Municipal Solid Waste Compost on Soil pH and Uptake of Some of the Micronutrients by Corn.
Mohammad Reza Sabour Morteza Shokri Saeed Samavat Mohammad Reza FarahaniIntroduction: Application of sulfur and organic matters has an important role in improving ofphysicochemical properties in soils. In this research optimizing the mixture design between sulfur andmunicipal solid waste compost for application in an alkaline soil was teste MoreIntroduction: Application of sulfur and organic matters has an important role in improving ofphysicochemical properties in soils. In this research optimizing the mixture design between sulfur andmunicipal solid waste compost for application in an alkaline soil was tested.Materials & Methodology: In this research randomized designs with three replications is used. Theapplied factors were the total fertilizer content of compost and sulfur, M, and the ratio between sulfurand compost in fertilizer, T. M factor had four options, zero,0.5, 1 and 2 percent of soil weight and Tfactor include 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4 sulfur to compost ratios.Discussion & Results: The obtained results indicated that all of treatments with 99 percentcontingency decreased the soil pH and T2M4 treatment had the best influence. The content of Znuptake by corn has been significant in 5 percent level in many treatments. The content of Fe uptakehad remarkable incensement in treatments, but it wasn't significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Compare Desert Environments Soil Physical and Chemical Characteristics with Different Vegetation (Case Study: Southwestern of Sistan Region)
Mansour Jahantigh Moien JahantighObjective: The objective of the study was to compare the desert environments soil physical and chemical characteristics with different vegetation types. This study has done in southwestern of Sistan region (Tasoki and Torsh Ab). Study Method: The study areas were disti MoreObjective: The objective of the study was to compare the desert environments soil physical and chemical characteristics with different vegetation types. This study has done in southwestern of Sistan region (Tasoki and Torsh Ab). Study Method: The study areas were distinguished based on geologic maps in scales of 1:50,000 and field observations, and global positioning system (GPS). Four soil samples were taken from the 0-45 cm depth at each location and analyzed for pH, EC, organic matter, organic carbon, nitrogen, CaCO3, ESP, potassium, moisture, sodium, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, sodium adsorption ratio, chlorine and texture. Dates were analyzed using SPSS software. Findings: The data indicated that there are no statistically significant differences between soil properties including: pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, moisture, magnesium, and silt, at the 0.05 levels (p> 0.05). But, there are statistically significant differences between soil properties including: organic matter, organic carbon, CaCO3, ESP, potassium, sodium adsorption ratio, calcium, clay and sand were statistically significant at the 0.05 levels (p< 0.01). Concluded: Concluded that the study area soil no limits to incrase of vegetation cover. The studies concluded that there were no soil limite for incrase of vegetation cover in study area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - تاثیر اختلاط آب زهکش در آبیاری مزارع نیشکر بر خصوصیات خاک
بهنام شجاعی علی عصارهافزایش جمعیت مهمترین عامل افزایش استفاده از آب­های تجدید­پذیر در ایران است و یکی از این آب­ها استفاده مجدد از آب زهکشی می­باشد. وجود چندین کشت صنعت بزرگ در خوزستان سبب شده که حجم عظیمی زه آب تولید گردد. زهاب حاصل از اراضی کشاورزی منبع آب بالقوه­ای اس Moreافزایش جمعیت مهمترین عامل افزایش استفاده از آب­های تجدید­پذیر در ایران است و یکی از این آب­ها استفاده مجدد از آب زهکشی می­باشد. وجود چندین کشت صنعت بزرگ در خوزستان سبب شده که حجم عظیمی زه آب تولید گردد. زهاب حاصل از اراضی کشاورزی منبع آب بالقوه­ای است که با اختلاط آن با آب شیرین رودخانه­ها می­توان منابع آب بالفعلی برای کشاورزی پدید آورد. کیفیت بد آب نه تنها گیاه را تحت تاثیر قرار می­دهد، بلکه ساختار خاک را هم دچار تغییر می­کند. لذا این تحقیق با هدف تاثیر اختلاط آب زهکش و آب آبیاری بر خصوصیات خاک در مزارع نیشکر کشت و صنعت حکیم فارابی انجام شد. دو قطعه زمین مجزا با بافت و شرایط یکسان(سیلتی کلی) انتخاب گردید. مزرعه6 -W3 با آب کارون و مزرعه­ی S2-12 با آب اختلاط، آبیاری شد. در طول دوره رشد نیشکر که از فروردین تا شهریور ماه می­باشد؛ حدود 20 راند آبیاری با حجم آبی معادل 1200مترمکعب در هر راند در هر هکتار آبیاری گردید. نسبت آب شور به شیرین، 1000 به 8000 لیتر اختلاط گردید برای این منظور اقدام به ساخت سازه­ای برای ترکیب آب زهکش به کانال آبیاری برای مزرعه S2-12 شد. نتایج نشان داد اثر تیمارهای متفاوت آبیاری بر هدایت الکتریکی و pH خاک در سطح 5 درصد معنی­دار بود Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Parent Material Impact on the Geochemical Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Some Important Geological Formations in Zanjan Province
Ali Afshari hossin KhademiConcentrations of heavy metals in soil depending on the parent material and the pedogenic and geochemical processes affect the distribution. This study aimed to determine the concentration and distribution of some heavy metals in soil geochemical distribution derived fr MoreConcentrations of heavy metals in soil depending on the parent material and the pedogenic and geochemical processes affect the distribution. This study aimed to determine the concentration and distribution of some heavy metals in soil geochemical distribution derived from different parent materials in the major geological formations in Zanjan province. For this purpose, number of 67 samples of surface soils from different parent materials, which includes 19 samples igneous parent materials (soils with parent material andesite, basalt, granite, volcanic tuff), 17 soil with sediment parent materials (soil parent material with shale and sandstone) and 31 samples from alluvial deposits were taken. According to the results, the highest mean Cu (38.6), Zn (191.7) and Pb (85.5) in the alluvial parent material, Cr (31.5) and Ni (66) in soils with shale parent material, manganese in soils with granite parent material (674.4) and andesite (673.8) and iron in the soil parent material andesite with (19800) and shale (18600) mg/kg were recorded. The total concentration of cobalt and cadmium in the soil parent material did not show substantial changes. Soil chemical fractionation of various metals was varied. Mobility factor for elements were obtained: Pb(29.8)>Co(25.1)>Ni(18.5)>Cu(6.2)>Zn(5.1). The highest levels of enrichment factor for elements Pb, Zn, Cd and Cu in alluvial parent materials, enrichment factor of nickel, cobalt and manganese in the soil parent material andesite and that for chromium and nickel in soil enriched with shale parent material was obtained. Geo-accumulation indicators showed the similar results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Forage Quantity and Quality of Berseem Clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) as Affected by Uses of Pseudomonas putida Strains and Phophorus Fertilizer in the Second Crop
Mohammad Hossein Ansari Mehdi GhadimiEffects of phosphate fertilizer and pseudomonas putida strains on the quantity and quality of forage of berseem clover as a second crop was studied in a factorial field experiment using randomized complete block design with three replications at Fooman, Guilan province, MoreEffects of phosphate fertilizer and pseudomonas putida strains on the quantity and quality of forage of berseem clover as a second crop was studied in a factorial field experiment using randomized complete block design with three replications at Fooman, Guilan province, Iran. Treatments consisted of phosphate fertilizer with three levels (0, 75 and 150 kg/ha as triple super phosphate) and Pseudomonas putida strains with four levels (M21, M5, M168 and control). The results showed that use of phosphate fertilizers increased the soil pH during growing season while bacterial inoculation adjusted soil pH. The bacterial inoculation increased amount of crude protein, digestible protein, acidic and alkaline phosphatase activity compared to non-inoculated treatment, but it decreased crude fiber of the forage. Clover forage yield, protein yield and phosphorus content of foliage also were influenced by the interaction of bacterial strains and phosphate fertilizer. The highest forage and protein yield were obtained by using strain M5+150 kg P ha-1. Significant increases in forage and protein yield were found to be 16.49% and 8.01%, respectively, as compared with non-inoculated treatment. Based on the result of this experiment, application of 150 kg P ha-1 and Pseudomonas putida strain M5 inoculation can be used to obtain highest forage yield and quality of berseem clover as second crop in the experimental site. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The effect of grassland conversion to the other agricultural uses on some soil physicochemical properties (Case Study: Watershed Basin of Amameh)
Mohammad PichandThe change of rangeland to agricultural lands has serious effects on the amount of soil organic matter and physico- chemical characteristics. This study was conducted to investigating the effects of rangeland conversion into agricultural land use on soil properties in A MoreThe change of rangeland to agricultural lands has serious effects on the amount of soil organic matter and physico- chemical characteristics. This study was conducted to investigating the effects of rangeland conversion into agricultural land use on soil properties in Amameh watershed (Tehran province). Four land use types were selected including rangeland, fallow, orchard and agricultural lands. Soil sampling was carried out as random systematic method (three repeat for each land use) from 0-30 cm depths. Some soil properties such as pH, electrical conductivity, calcium carbonate, sodium, Saturation, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, carbon and gravel were measured. Statistical analysis were also performed on the data and the results showed that changing land use from rangeland to agricultural lands, fallow and orchard did not show any significant changes on pH, Mg and Na; whereas electrical conductivity, gravel, calcium carbonate, Saturation, carbon, potassium and phosphorus showed significant changes due to the land use change. The results revealed that by changing land use from rangeland to other use types the amounts of calcium carbonate, phosphorous, potassium and gravel have decreased, more obviously in fallow and agricultural lands. In addition, soil carbon increased, this was due to land-use conversion from rangeland to orchard and agriculture. Moreover, electrical conductivity, Saturation, potassium, phosphorus and carbon in the orchard were significantly higher than the other land uses. Generally, results of this study showed that changing land use had significant effect on the soil properties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Impact of Tamarix aphylla and Atriplex canescens plantations on some Physico-chemical properties of the soil in Zahak region, Sistan
Einollah Rouhi Moghaddam Ali Heidari Sadegh Akbar Fakhireh Zeinab Noori Kia Soheila NooriThe purpose of the research is to compare the effect of Tamarix aphylla (L.) and Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt. cultivation on the soil's properties. The species were cultivated in a land with the area 42 ha and with the spacing 5m*5m in 1993 in Zahak, northern Sistan MoreThe purpose of the research is to compare the effect of Tamarix aphylla (L.) and Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt. cultivation on the soil's properties. The species were cultivated in a land with the area 42 ha and with the spacing 5m*5m in 1993 in Zahak, northern Sistan and Balochistan pro. Soil samples were taken at the depth of 0-30 cm and 31-60 cm with 8 replicates from any habitat and the control area using auger based on random-systematic method. physicochemical properties were measured, including soil texture, phosphorous, potassium, nitrogen, organic matter, T.N.V, EC and pH. Data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan's test. The results showed that there were differences between the properties of the region's soil. In other words, the soil EC of A. canescens (47.98 mmhos/cm) was more than that of T. aphylla (15.70 mmhos/cm) and the control area (15.80 mmhos/cm) at the depth of 0-30 cm. The soil pH of A. canescens (8.92) was also more than that of T. aphylla (8.62) and the control area (8.70). The available potassium in T. aphylla habitat (460 ppm) was also more than that in A. canescens habitat (325 ppm) and the control area (180 ppm). At the depth of 31-60 cm, the soil pH of A. canescens (9.02) was more than that of the control area (8.65). Therefore, it is more suitable to cultivate T. aphylla as a native species than A. canescens for biological restoration of the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The investigationof Climate, Soil and Height On essential oil composition of essential oils of Oliveria decumbens Vent. Medicinal Plantfrom different regions in City Mamasani of Fars Province
Damoun Razmjoue Shahram Yousefi khanghah Somaye Dehdari Hamid Mohamadi Fariba NodoostOliveria decumbens Vent is a medicinal plant belongs to the Umbelliferae family. According to the Iran traditional medicine comments this plant is used for the treat of indigestion, diarrhea, relieve fever and infectious diseases. In this research, effects of climate fa MoreOliveria decumbens Vent is a medicinal plant belongs to the Umbelliferae family. According to the Iran traditional medicine comments this plant is used for the treat of indigestion, diarrhea, relieve fever and infectious diseases. In this research, effects of climate factors, soil and the elevation above sea level were tested on the chemical compounds of O. decumbens. To this, the flowering branches of O. decumbens were taken from 1600-2200 a.s.l. in the Mamassani County in May and air dried. The Clevenger apparatus extraction was used to extract the essence. The chemical compounds were identified using GC and GC/MS and the effect of studied parameters on chemical components were determined. Our result indicated that, there are 13, 16 and 11 chemical compounds in Doshman Ziari, Bavan and Koupen sites, respectively. p-cymene γ-terpinene، thymol and myristicin identified as the main compounds of studied sites. There was significant correlation between the annual precipitation and e elevation above sea level with the essence percentage and chemical compounds of O. decumbens . Furthermore, soil electrical conductivity, acidity and nitrogen had positive significant correlation (p < 0.05) with the percentage of essential oil. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Effect of Environmental Traits and Grazing Intensities on Plant Community Distribution (Case Study: Saral Rangelands, Iran)
Bahram Gholinejad Hamed Jonaidi Jafari -
Open Access Article
16 - Assessment of the Effects of Overgrazing on the Soil Physical Characteristic and Vegetation Cover Changes in Rangelands of Hosainabad in Kurdistan Province, Iran
H. Azarnivand A. Farajollahi E. Bandak H. Pouzesh -
Open Access Article
17 - Effects of Shrub Canopy on the Microclimate and Soil Properties of Steppe Rangeland
Tahereh Sadeghi Shahrakht Mohammad Jankju Mansour Mesdaghi -
Open Access Article
18 - Grazing Response of Topsoil Characteristics in Temperate Rangelands of Kashmir, Himalaya
T. H. Jaweed P. G. Saptarshi S. W. Gaikwad -
Open Access Article
19 - Studying the effect of white saxaul (Haloxylon persicum) and fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canesces) plantation on soil physico-chemical properties in rangelands of Mallard-Zarandiyeh
Abbas Ahmadi Hamid Toranjzar Masoud Gomarian Sohrab PagnamehHaloxylon sp. and Atriplex sp. are among aridity and salt tolerant species which have been planted extensively in practices of combat desertification and arid and semi-arid rangelands reclamation, in recent decades. This study was performed in order to assessment of sax MoreHaloxylon sp. and Atriplex sp. are among aridity and salt tolerant species which have been planted extensively in practices of combat desertification and arid and semi-arid rangelands reclamation, in recent decades. This study was performed in order to assessment of saxaul and saltbush planting on soil properties in a part of desert rangelands of Mallard Zarandiyeh. Three sites included: control (natural rangeland), Atriplex canescens plantation and Haloxylon persicum plantation types with an area of five hectares for each of them. In each area, 20 plots along six 500 meters transects were located by randomized-sysematic methods for sampling. Soil samples were collected from two depth (0-30 and 30-60 cm) in control and treatment areas (Atriplex and Haloxylon planting) and Soil samples were physically and chemically analyzed in the laboratory for some variables such as: texture, EC, pH, organic carbon, Caco3, P, CA, Mg, N, K, Cl, Na and HCO3-. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. The results showed that except for acidity and silt (%), there were significant differences between Control area and treated areas (planted sites with Atriplex and Haloxylon) in soil variables. Also, Haloxylon pesicum has been caused the salinization and alkalization and calcification of surface soil, more than Atriplex canesces; but regarding to more adaptation, white saxaul seems to be more suitable plant to reclamation of such arid rangelands, as a native species. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Effects of sulfur, vermicompost + Thiobacilus bacteria on some chemical properties of calcareous soil and phosphorus use efficiency of black seed
S.M. Seiedi P. Rezvani Moghadam M. Khaje Hosseini حمید شاهندهIn order to investigate the effects of increasing soluble phosphorus on seed production and phosphorus use efficiency of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) in a calcareous soil, a greenhouse experiment with three replications was conducted at Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdows MoreIn order to investigate the effects of increasing soluble phosphorus on seed production and phosphorus use efficiency of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) in a calcareous soil, a greenhouse experiment with three replications was conducted at Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, in 2013. A complete randomized design was used based on factorial arrangement. The fertilizer resources (control, vermi compost, sulfur, vermicompost + sulfur, vermicompost + Thiobacilus bacteria, sulfur + Thiobacilus bacteria and vermicompost + sulfur + Thiobacilus bacteria) and three levels of phosphorus (0, 30 and 60 kg.ha-1) were the first and second experimental factors, respectively. Sulfur + Thiobacilus bacteria and vermicompost + sulfur + Thiobacilus bacteria significantly decreased soil pH (by 0.85 and 0.80) and increased EC and available phosphorus of soil (more than 2.5 times), respectively. in condition of no phosphorus application, sulfur or sulfur + Thiobacilus bacteria had significantly effects on increasing the soil available phosphorus. Vermicompost + sulfur + Thiobacilus bacteria had the highest total plant dry weight and seed weight per plant. However, the lowest phosphorus uptake efficiency (15.31%) was observed in control treatment. In a calcareous soil, sulfur application individually or in combination with vermicompost treatment can be suitable approach in decreasing the problems caused by applying of chemical phosphorus fertilizers. Manuscript profile
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