Humic Acid and Iron Fertilizers Enhance the Growth Responses and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity of Cineraria (Pericallis × hybrida L.)
Subject Areas : Journal of Ornamental PlantsLili Fatehnezhad 1 , Abolfazl Jowkar 2
1 - Department of Horticultural Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2 - Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institue (NSTRI), Atomic Energy Organization of Iran
Keywords: Antioxidant enzymes activity, Cineraria, High soil pH, Leaf chlorosis, Pericallis × hybrida L.,
Abstract :
Cineraria (Pericallis hybrida L.) has faced growth hindrance and chlorosis. Humic acid, iron sulfate and iron chelate fertilizers were investigated for cineraria cultivation in alkaline soil. The study was arranged in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications and 4 samples in each replication. The media were enriched using humic acid (0, 0.5, 1 g/kg soil) and iron fertilizers (5 and 10 mg/kg iron sulfate and 5 and 10 mg/kg iron chelate). The plants that were treated with soil supplemented with 1 g/kg humic acid in combination with 10 mg/kg iron chelate exhibited improvements in plant height (86%), stem diameter (100%), fresh root weight (170%), flowering period (166%), flower number (182%), inflorescence number (252%), flower diameter (59%) and total chlorophyll content (300%). The application of 1 g/kg humic acid and 10 mg/kg iron chelate increased the mineral element content of potassium, nitrogen and phosphorous by 179%, 193% and 675%, respectively. Combinations of 0.5 g/kg humic acid and 10 mg/kg iron chelate enhanced the anthocyanin (131%), leaf area (140%), TSS (332%) and starch (642%). Fertilization with 0.5 g/kg humic acid in combination with 5 mg/kg iron chelate resulted in the highest activity of the antioxidant enzymes SOD (238%), POD (324%), and CAT (667%), and reduced ion leakage by 60%. 1 g/kg humic acid as a biofertilizer in combination with 0.5 mg/kg iron chelate are suggested for use in the production of plants in soils with stressful high pH conditions.
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