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Open Access Article
1 - Designing a Model and Providing a Policy for Improving the Performance of Urban Call Centers Using the ANP / DEA Technique (Case Study: East Azarbaijan Region Telecommunications
ebrahim keivan Soleyman IranzadehBackground and Aim: Providing the underlying policy is to improve the performance of public administration. Privatization is a change in the balance between government and the market and in favor of the market. After the privatization of Iran Telecommunication Company, MoreBackground and Aim: Providing the underlying policy is to improve the performance of public administration. Privatization is a change in the balance between government and the market and in favor of the market. After the privatization of Iran Telecommunication Company, increasing the efficiency of units, including call centers, is of special importance for shareholders. The present study seeks to answer the basic question of how to identify the variables affecting the efficiency of call centers and bring inefficient centers to the limit of efficiency.Method: By taking the opinion of experts and analyzing the data by the method of network analysis process, the variables are identified. By applying the raw data to the data envelopment analysis model, the efficiency and ranking of the centers in terms of returns on a constant and variable scale have been calculated and solutions to improve the performance of inefficient centers have been presented.Results: Employee competence, employee satisfaction, customer satisfaction and management skills are the most effective variables in efficiency. The difference in the number of inefficient centers on a fixed and variable scale indicates the inefficiency of the scale and the waste of resources by the centers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Prioritization and Analysis of Factors Affecting the Efficiency of Local Telephone Exchanges Using ANP/ DEA Technique (Case Study: Telecommunications of East Azerbaijan Region)
ebrahim keivan Soleyman IranzadehAfter the privatization and acceptance of Iran Telecommunication Company in the stock exchange, it is inevitable for the shareholders to know the efficiency status of the local telephone exchanges. The present study seeks to answer the fundamental question of how to ide MoreAfter the privatization and acceptance of Iran Telecommunication Company in the stock exchange, it is inevitable for the shareholders to know the efficiency status of the local telephone exchanges. The present study seeks to answer the fundamental question of how to identify the variables affecting the efficiency of exchanges and bring inefficient exchanges to the efficiency frontier. For this purpose, by collecting the opinions of experts in the form of a pairwise comparison questionnaire and analyzing the data using the analytic network process, effective variables in performance have been identified. Raw data have been prepared from planning, inspection and evaluation departments and financial statements for 2017. In the following, the efficiency of the exchanges is presented by data envelopment analysis method in terms of returns to a fixed and variable scale of calculation, ranking and strategies to improve the performance of inefficient exchanges. According to the findings, employee capability, employee satisfaction, customer satisfaction and management skills are the most effective variables in efficiency. The difference between the number of inefficient exchanges on a fixed and variable scale is the inefficiency of the scale, the non-functioning on the optimal scale and the waste of resources by the exchanges. The low rank of the cities necessitates the selection of the heads of telecommunications of the counties according to individual and specialized competencies. Also, the inefficiency of the exchanges is the lack of motivational competitive environment, decision-making power and risk-taking, and the existence of various organizational and legal constraints. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Lifelines Performance of the Mw 8.8 Offshore BIOBÍO,Chile Earthquake
Alex Tang -
Open Access Article
4 - The history of transmogrification in Multinational Corporations
aliasghar aghaee mohammad reza pasebanBy forming national state concept in the seventeenth century, this factor has always been the only mechanism responsible for the growth and development in various fields. Reaching this goal was followed in the field which Accumulation of wealth and power had a great adv MoreBy forming national state concept in the seventeenth century, this factor has always been the only mechanism responsible for the growth and development in various fields. Reaching this goal was followed in the field which Accumulation of wealth and power had a great advantage, so the governments tried to gain wealth by harnessing their powers. In this regard, the colonial government, by expanding the influence of colonialism, exploited their resources to improve their craft. Industrial countries first supported and established companies to provide field to achieve their goals in terms of resource utilization on other lands. After passing time, through the processes of capital and wealth accumulations, such countries like other parts of the world are developing and according to occurred events, have tried to maintain their mobility not to be out of the global competition. According to this fact , if at the Beginning of transnational corporations, competition and attempt to achieve sources and more market was the distinctive feature , but then due to innate of capital accumulation and occurred changes in the international arena , Such as the entry of new players who want to contribute to the global economic equations, provided the groundwork for the creation of a monopoly in the sector. There American countries due to being far from Course of historical events such as costly World War 1and 2 remained undamaged, prioritized in the integration of capital and multinational companies. The period after World War II, was associated with changes in the performance of multinational corporations, as America was excluded from the monopoly of multinational companies and international companies from Europe and Japan started to compete with American companies and provided The nature of globalization, development and growth of such companies. The present study aimed at reviewing Conceptual and functional evolution of multinational companies to understand more about the effects of these international starring. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Iraqi Kurdistan and Islamic Republic of Iran in an Era of interdependence: Opportunities and challenges
Hossein Masoudnia Ali Ebrahimi Mojtaba RezazadehAbstract: Undoubtedly the geopolitical location of Iran and Iraq and their economic, political and cultural ties has intertwined in history and in an era of interdependence one can witness the interactions of the above spheres. One of the regions where has great importa MoreAbstract: Undoubtedly the geopolitical location of Iran and Iraq and their economic, political and cultural ties has intertwined in history and in an era of interdependence one can witness the interactions of the above spheres. One of the regions where has great importance in new Iraq is the autonomous region of Kurdistan. This region has great geopolitical significance and it is necessary to know that what opportunities and challenges it has for the Islamic Republic of Iran. The present article by adopting mutual interdependence as its theoretical framework wants to answer this question as to what potentials and factors Iraqi Kurdistan have to influence Islamic Republic of Iran. The underlying hypothesis is that the relations between Iran and Iraqi Kurdistan in issues like culture, terrorism and regional security, economic activities and the issue of energy can create opportunities and challenges for Islamic Republic of Iran. The present article by a qualitative method and descriptive-analytical approach deals with the problem. The finding of the study shows that the right understanding of the importance and place of Iraqi Kurdistan can help to achieve Iran's interests and contain the threats from the latter. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Persian Gulf Cooperation Council: the Management of Cooperation to Economic Integration
محسن شکری رضا اکبریانAbstract: The Great Britain withdrawal from the Persian Gulf is late 1960s coincided with declaration of independence of the United Arab Emirates. The emergence of these new actors in regional subsystem of Persian Gulf created new power structure in the region. The litt MoreAbstract: The Great Britain withdrawal from the Persian Gulf is late 1960s coincided with declaration of independence of the United Arab Emirates. The emergence of these new actors in regional subsystem of Persian Gulf created new power structure in the region. The littoral Arab states of Persian Gulf under the impact of economic, social, cultural and security factors came together to form a regional organization and they established Persian Gulf Cooperation Council (PGCC). The present article by the help of integration theories wants to answer this question that what have been the developments in PGCC after its formation? The underlying hypothesis is that the PGCC priorities have changed after its formation and they want to have more cooperation in economic fields and deepening economic integration. The finding of the study shows that the process of cooperation on different fields has led to intensification of economic integration Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - An Analysis of the Relations of Russia and Turkey on the Basis of Liberalism Theory (2002-2014)
mahboobeh roohi nozar shafieeAbstract The relations between Russia and Turkey expanded considerably from the beginning of 21th century particularly after coming into power of Justice and Development Party (AKP). Taking into consideration the expansion of relations between the two, the present paper MoreAbstract The relations between Russia and Turkey expanded considerably from the beginning of 21th century particularly after coming into power of Justice and Development Party (AKP). Taking into consideration the expansion of relations between the two, the present paper wants to answer this question whether the expansion of economic relations between Russia and Turkey between 2002 to 2014 have led to expansion of political relations between the two? This question is based on one of the main assumption of liberalism theory i.e. economic interdependence leads to political cooperation. The underlying hypothesis of the article which is examined by a descriptive analytical method is that between 2002 to 2014 the economic relations between Turkey and Russia has had a noticeable growth and parallel to that the political relations between the two expanded but political integration has received lesser impact from political cooperation. The political integration has been influenced from variables other than economy and trade. The examination of the above hypothesis shows that in analyzing the ties between the countries one cannot rely on one theoretical approach but a collection of different approaches should be used to analyze their relations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The Role of Geo-economy of Energy in Linkage of Iran and China
Ali Adami Elham Keshvarz MoghadamAs we know for the past three decades Iran have been trying to find ways to counter economic sanctions especially the oil sanctions by the West. Meanwhile during this period China started economic reforms and the implementation of these reforms resulted into high econom MoreAs we know for the past three decades Iran have been trying to find ways to counter economic sanctions especially the oil sanctions by the West. Meanwhile during this period China started economic reforms and the implementation of these reforms resulted into high economic growth in a way that it has become the second world economic power. The emergence of China as an economic power has been a strategic breakthrough for Iran. Therefore, due to mutual need of the two sides the interaction and ties between Iran and China increases in different fields, especially in energy sector. Iran finds China as a suitable market for sale of energy, on the other hand China finds Iran as a country with vast energy sources which is not under the influence of the United States and the transit of energy from Iran is secure and in this way its energy security is ensured. China also did not have the limitation of Western sanctions and therefore invested considerably in Iranian oil sector and in this way played an important role in creation of mutual interdependence. Mutual interdependence in oil sector has created a direct linkage which is in positive interest of the two countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Ranking of Information Systems Interaction Indicators: A Research in Islamic Azad University
fatemeh Noshin fard mohammad reza Farhad pour mehrdad omidiyanObjective: The aim of this study is to rank the interoperability indicators of academic information systems in Islamic Azad University. Methodology: The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey method. The statistical population consisted of 2 MoreObjective: The aim of this study is to rank the interoperability indicators of academic information systems in Islamic Azad University. Methodology: The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey method. The statistical population consisted of 25 key informants and experts in the field of information technology and university information systems who were selected in Delphi analysis by purposive sampling and snowball sampling. Data were collected by paired comparison questionnaire for technical indicators (8 sub-indices), semantic (9 sub-indices) and process (8 sub-indices) in a 9-point spectrum with face validity and Cronbach's alpha reliability. (Α = 0.834) was confirmed.Results: The results showed that the top three criteria of the technical index, namely the ability to interact and exchange data with information systems (F1) (1.000), information storage in standard format (F3) (0.9664) and the Connection and use of decision support systems (F2) (0.9592). The top three criteria of semantic index also include the ability to code educational and academic signs (M1) (1,000), the ability to interact with a variety of systems independent of the programming language (M2) (0.9655) and the use of standard terms and codes (M3) (0.9557) and the top three process index criteria including information mechanism about presentation and updating (FR1) (1.000), dynamic and flexible organization (FR3) (0.9588) and change mechanism And flexibility to update the service (FR4) (0.9585).Conclusion: The results showed that technical interaction is the main and effective indicator and "process interaction and semantic interaction" are in the next ranks, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Regional and International Cooperation to Reduce Nagorno – Karabakh Conflict
Ali Mortazavian Mohammad Ghiacy -
Open Access Article
11 - China's political-economic Relations with Iran and its Influence on Iran's Oil Production and Export from Ahmadinejad's period to the end of Rouhani's Presidency
Jamshid Rezaei Mirghaed Rohollah Shahabi Fereydoon AkbarzadehThe expansion of economic relations in the shadow of diplomatic relations is considered one of the most important approaches to the development of political systems. This issue is especially important for developing countries so that they can implement an important part MoreThe expansion of economic relations in the shadow of diplomatic relations is considered one of the most important approaches to the development of political systems. This issue is especially important for developing countries so that they can implement an important part of their development-oriented policies by insisting on expanding economic relations with international economic powers. The important issue is that the Islamic Republic of Iran has faced deep challenges in achieving its economic development goals, many times, due to the sanctions policies of the United States. This problem becomes more realistic when the economy of the Islamic Republic of Iran is basically uniaxial and based on oil exports. Today, investment is called as the engine of economic growth and since investment leads to the creation of employment, economic growth, social welfare and income for the country and has a significant impact on components such as bargaining, international prestige and dealing with threats. Therefore, Iran's acceptance of China's investment as a superpower in the economic market and its oil strategies, in addition to securing the interests of both countries, will include the realization of the vision of the oil industry and the breaking of American sanctions against Iran. ; Therefore, from the point of view of Iranian politicians, the policy of looking to the East and attracting foreign investment and specifically strengthening political and economic relations with China is a correct strategic policy, which in addition to breaking the sanctions, can lead to internationalization and extensive interaction with the world, especially the countries The Eastern Bloc fought against it with the aim of preventing the United States from building a consensus in the international system and accompanying other international powers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - EU-Iran relations in the light of transatlantic relations (Case study of the Obama and Trump eras)
Ebrahim Bagheri seyed Davood AghaeeThe present study seeks to answer the question why the European Union, despite its political will to expand relations with Iran and in particular its efforts to maintain BRICS within the framework of the designed mechanisms, failed to exercise its strategic independence MoreThe present study seeks to answer the question why the European Union, despite its political will to expand relations with Iran and in particular its efforts to maintain BRICS within the framework of the designed mechanisms, failed to exercise its strategic independence and fulfill its obligations within BRICS. The findings show that the EU's lack of strategic independence is due to the EU's transatlantic dependence on three levels of institutional security deficit, asymmetric interdependence in the economic sphere, and the preferences of EU transnational corporations in relation to US markets. At the level of the institutional security deficit; Given the United States' security umbrella and lack of military-defense independence, the European Union is forced to adjust its approaches to US interests and goals. At the economic level; The interdependence of economic, trade, and investment interactions on both sides of the Atlantic and the asymmetry of this relationship (US strategic economic superiority) have severely limited the possibility of EU economic action independence. The third level concerns the preferences of the market and the private and transnational corporations of the European Union and the rational and risk-taking pattern of companies under secondary US sanctions, which has been a major obstacle to the independence of the EU approach to Iran. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the method of data collection is library. In this regard, books, articles, documents, Internet resources and comments of relevant officials have been used to collect data. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Political Economy of China's New Silk Road And Iran's Interdependence
sepideh mohammadi mokhtar SalehiThe New Silk Road Initiative, as a China's development model and project, has absorbed and involved many countries and governmental and non-governmental organizations across the world to cooperate with that. This project intends to expand the cooperation between the con MoreThe New Silk Road Initiative, as a China's development model and project, has absorbed and involved many countries and governmental and non-governmental organizations across the world to cooperate with that. This project intends to expand the cooperation between the continents and creates the necessary infrastructure of the regional and global cooperation based on economic, political and cultural dimensions. Iran could have an important role in this project because of its geo-strategic and geo-economic position. The main question of this research is that what effects does this strategy have on Iran's development and its relation with china? Hypothetically, it seems that due to the Iran's look to the east and its economic and political prospects, the relation of both countries is going to be expanded towards Interdependence although it is predicted that this cooperation might be asymmetrical in favor of china's grand strategy. The viewpoint of this Paper is Based on Interdependence theory. Methodically, the research design is descriptive and analytical. According to the research findings, in the absence of an appropriate strategy in the way Iran cooperates with China, the nature of this plan may change from the level of symmetric interdependence to asymmetric interdependence in the interests of China. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Energy security relations between the EU and Russia from the perspective of the theory of interdependence
Fatemeh Hamoei Kayhan Barzegar Hamid Ahmadi hossain daheshiarDue to the lack of a common energy policy in the European Union because of the differing dependence of its members on Russian resources, different geographical conditions and diverse incentives, the Union has committed itself to adhering to a specific security policy fo MoreDue to the lack of a common energy policy in the European Union because of the differing dependence of its members on Russian resources, different geographical conditions and diverse incentives, the Union has committed itself to adhering to a specific security policy for energy. A long-term strategy based on interdependence with the energy market, European unity, and improved governance in energy-producing countries. The present paper analyzes the complex energy relations between Russia and the European Union, which are at the same time involved in conflict and cooperation, in the Charter of "Asymmetric Interdependence". The purpose of this research is to discover and present the reasons for adopting a European Union collective strategy to provide sustainable and secure energy security. In order to achieve this purpose using a theoretical analysis, we identify the EU and Russia's sensitivity and vulnerability axes in terms of energy and the prospects for future interdependence in the forthcoming decades and ultimately conclude from the increasing trend that the symmetric interdependence on the issue of energy security between the two sides, neither party will be able to carry out their own security considerations without regard to the other party's security. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Feasibility of realizing the goals of the 25-year Cooperation Document between Iran and China
Mahdi Torabi Alireza Soltani Seyed Ali Tabatabaeepanah Hamid Reza ShirzadIran and China as two important and influential countries in the international system, have common interests and goals to expand cooperation in various fields. China's various capabilities, especially in the political and economic fields, have made this country an impor MoreIran and China as two important and influential countries in the international system, have common interests and goals to expand cooperation in various fields. China's various capabilities, especially in the political and economic fields, have made this country an important activist in the field of international politics.The signing of the 25-year comprehensive cooperation document between Iran and China in April 2021 has been met with a lot of positive and negative opinions. Considering the recent regional developments, the China-US dispute, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the acceptance of Iran's official membership in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the effects and consequences of the spread of the Corona virus and the changes in global value chains and the direction of investments, the power structure in the system. The international community will most likely change in the next few years, and in this regard, adopting a suitable strategy in relations with China is one of the most important goals and priorities of Iran's foreign policy.In fact, in the era of complex interdependence, China has a high capacity and ability to strengthen the current development process in Iran, and therefore, in the upcoming article, we are seeking to find out the fields and requirements of achieving the goals of the comprehensive document of 25 years of cooperation between Iran and China from a political and economic point of view, executive and development-oriented within the framework of the theory of complex interdependence to investigate and feasibility. Manuscript profile
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