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Open Access Article
1 - The Effect of Insurer Personality Characteristics on Brand Personality and Brand Loyalty (Case Study: Iranian Insurance Companies in Langrood County)
faranak khodayari Sedigheh Tootian Esfahani Roghayeh Tajbar ParashkoohiThe aim of this research is answer the key question of what is the extent to prediction of customer loyalty to a brand toward effectiveness model of the big five personalities and also brand personality perceived. Statistical society of the present research is the custo MoreThe aim of this research is answer the key question of what is the extent to prediction of customer loyalty to a brand toward effectiveness model of the big five personalities and also brand personality perceived. Statistical society of the present research is the customers of Iran insurance companies of Guilan Province. 377 questionnaires in sample taking mode were distributed. It is worth noting that the hypothesis testing of research is taken utilizing the partial least square (PLS) as well as exploiting of statistical analysis software. The results indicate the meaningful impact of every five dimensions of customer`s personality specifications (flexibility, conscientiousness, extroversion and agreeableness, neurotic) on one of dimensions per ceiled for the brand minimally (charming, competency and anxiety) and therefore each one of dimensions perceived for the brand has also meaningful impact on brand loyalty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Identifying the consequences and preconditions of ranger farmers' participation in the implementation of rangeland plans in Guilan province
Mahnaz Mirakhorli Seyed Akbar Javadi Hossein ArzaniManagement The last decade of the twentieth century has come to an end while human society has been heavily involved in environmental problems and its dangers. One of the most important environmental challenges of the last two decades is the loss of the country's rangel MoreManagement The last decade of the twentieth century has come to an end while human society has been heavily involved in environmental problems and its dangers. One of the most important environmental challenges of the last two decades is the loss of the country's rangelands. Rangelands are important because they constitute an important part of renewable resources and still depend on the lives of a significant number of humans and animals. The statistical population of this study is rangeland owners in Guilan province. The total number of rangelands in Guilan province that have rangeland management plans is equal to 6 rangelands. The sample is equal to 5 rangeland owners. The data collection tool in this research is a questionnaire and to test the research hypotheses, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach have been used. The result of the research indicates the positive and significant effect of economic, social, psychological, attitudinal and educational factors on the participation of rangeland owners in the implementation of rangeland management projects. Also, the effect of ranchers 'participation in the implementation of rangeland management projects on rangeland health, increasing livestock production and farmers' satisfaction was positive and significant. Livestock and rangeland balance is one of the most important factors in the destruction of rangelands in Guilan, and until this issue is resolved, all efforts and measures to manage, improve and rehabilitate rangelands are useless or very ineffective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The study of wood agriculture development process in the east part of Guilan Province
Parisa Mohammadpour Parviz Kardavani Mahdi EbadattalabWood agriculture is always one of the important issue in the economy of villages inthe north part of Iran, Because of rural of this area can use the land multilateral bywood agriculture. Although in many cases, Wood agriculture is done traditionally andalmost is stable MoreWood agriculture is always one of the important issue in the economy of villages inthe north part of Iran, Because of rural of this area can use the land multilateral bywood agriculture. Although in many cases, Wood agriculture is done traditionally andalmost is stable on the base of trial and error among farmers. In this research it's triedto study performed activities during last decade. This causes to analyze thedevelopment process of poplar farming with considering to structural problems.Therefore, Guilan Province's map is studied according to the aim of research, and withnoticing to political map, Roudsar, Amlash, Siyahkal, Langroud, Lahijan and AstanehAshrafiyeh are selected as studying zones So. Satellite pictures of land sat TM and IRSrelated to 2000 and 2010 are selected and NDVI index is applied on picture by NIRand R bands. In the next step, first the forest areas are separated from picture andpoplar farming boundary in 2000 and 2010 is determined with considering to poplarreflection in supervised spectrum separation, and then pictures are transferred to GISspace, they are categorized again, poplar farming areas are separated from other areasin the form of 0 and 1 codes. Poplar farming lands have 1 value and other areas have 0value after this correlation of distances of poplar farming from roads was tested inSPSS. The results show, although there was increasing poplar farming in east ofGuilan Province during last decode, but with considering to social and economicsituation, roads map and villages dispersion. Increasing wood production isimpossible. In other words wood farming that should perform in rural areas isdecreasing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The study and analizing rolestructure of agriculture rurals of khorgam of roodbar township
Teimour Amarstarting of economic in rurals shuld be known as the result of the making of agriealture in fact agriealture had and has a much role in tgeir economic tissue. Although rural societies don,t adjust this activities but the agricultural role in human settlement, syst Morestarting of economic in rurals shuld be known as the result of the making of agriealture in fact agriealture had and has a much role in tgeir economic tissue. Although rural societies don,t adjust this activities but the agricultural role in human settlement, system of economic production , patter of feeding and many ordinary aspect of population in rural cannot be denied.in this research that is a bout the importance of agricultural in economic system and is a bout the importance of agricultural in economic system and livelihood of rural society, one of the bourdary of rodbar township( guilan province) has been searched . collecting and processing of information has been used in the processof current research and the role of agriculture in the system of income and livelihood of the area of rurals has been evaluated and the necessary soulotion for removing the existing problem has presented. The result of this research show that there is a strong realationchip between the index of population of rural regions and the value of economic production of agricultural, meanwhile operation from the potential area could creat an expectation that in the economic operation of area, agriculture can have a better position than present Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Modeling of Qaleh Rudkhan river sediment rate prediction, using LSTM neural network
Mahbobeh Shadabi bejand Ebrahim AmiriBackground and Objective: Proper estimation of the amount of sediment flowing in rivers is important as a data base for many river engineering designs and processes. Qaleh Rudkhan River is one of the most important water basins in the west of Gilan province. The most im MoreBackground and Objective: Proper estimation of the amount of sediment flowing in rivers is important as a data base for many river engineering designs and processes. Qaleh Rudkhan River is one of the most important water basins in the west of Gilan province. The most important branches of the basin are two branches named Gasht Rudkhan and Ghaleh Rudkhan. The river (Qaleh Rudkhan) is made up of two branches (Heydaralat) and (Nazaralat). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to model the prediction of sediment rate in Qaleh Rudkhan River using long short-term memory neural network (LSTM). Material and Methodology: In this research, the recorded Debi-sediment statistics related to the statistical period of 1381 to 1395 has been used. These statistics include daily instantaneous Debi in cubic meter per second and daily instantaneous sediment in ton per day, which are measured simultaneously. The data used to model the artificial neural network are Debi-sediment values the accuracy of the predictions was evaluated with three error criteria. Findings: The three criteria considered are AFE, FFE and n-AFE, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: Among these criteria, the FFE criterion showed that the correlation between the model output and the measured sediment data is appropriate. As a result, the LSTM model has the appropriate accuracy to predict the amount of sediment in the two rivers of Qala-e-Rudkhan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Comparative anatomical study of leaf and petiole in three species of pear (Pyrus L.) in Guilan Province
Nasibeh Dehghan Siavash Hosseini Sarghein Rashid JameiObjectives: The aim of this study was comparing the anatomical characters of leaves and petioles of 3 species of pear (Pyrus boissieriana Buhse, Pyrus communis L, Pyrus hyrcana Fedor) in Guilan Province. Materials and Methods: In this study, for anatomical study of spec MoreObjectives: The aim of this study was comparing the anatomical characters of leaves and petioles of 3 species of pear (Pyrus boissieriana Buhse, Pyrus communis L, Pyrus hyrcana Fedor) in Guilan Province. Materials and Methods: In this study, for anatomical study of species, at first, plant samples were collected. Then the manual section was performed in the laboratory. Carmine staining was used in order to stain the samples. After staining, slides were prepared from the cross-sectional area. For observing the transverse sections of leaves and petiole, optical microscope equipped with a scaled lens was used. Then, the data obtained from anatomical characters were statistically analyzed. Results: Leaf and petiole thickness were different among three tested species. The highest midrib thickness belonged to p < /em>. communis (682±1.11μm). The lowest midrib thickness was observed in p < /em>. hyrcana (431.66±1.05μm). Anatomical characters are effective and important in species segregation. Therefore, anatomical characteristics in different plant species will be useful in terms of taxonomic classification. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Determination of the Geological Conditions During the Formation of Kaolinite and Bentonite Deposits in NW Alborz Mountains (Pirkoh-Deylaman) of Iran and the Study of Its Practical Properties for Use in the Porcelain Industry
Farzad Asadi Ali Darvishzadeh Ali MontezeriThe area under study is located in northern Iran at 36° 47’ latitude and 50° 12' longitude. It is 15 km from southeastern Deylaman. Petrological study of the kaolin mother rock (Eocene age) under a microscope shows that the rock is vitric tuff with a rhyol MoreThe area under study is located in northern Iran at 36° 47’ latitude and 50° 12' longitude. It is 15 km from southeastern Deylaman. Petrological study of the kaolin mother rock (Eocene age) under a microscope shows that the rock is vitric tuff with a rhyolitic combination containing falcated and embowed glass shards. The thickness of the layer is approximately 20 meters, formed unconformably on a layer of conglomerate with a thickness of approximately 400 meters. Because the shards have a falcated and embowed shape and the percentage of reworked material within them is low, the tuff can be considered a type of pyroclastic airfall. The results of the study prove that ash falling occurred in the water. The stratabound layers show syngenetic deposits to be the main factor in the formation of the clay, bound as a result of alterations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Investigating the Role of Servant Leadership in Promoting Organizational Trust: A Survey of Employees of Tax Affairs Offices of Guilan Province
Saeed Bagher Salami Hamidreza Rezaei Kalidbari Akbar HassanpourPublic employee's trust in organizations in many countries is declining and one of mechanisms that may improve trust in these organizations is using servant leadership. Accordingly, the present paper aimed to include servant leadership measurement and prioritize its dim MorePublic employee's trust in organizations in many countries is declining and one of mechanisms that may improve trust in these organizations is using servant leadership. Accordingly, the present paper aimed to include servant leadership measurement and prioritize its dimensions in terms of impact on trust, and measurement of trust in Tax Affairs Offices of Guilan province. To achieve these goals, the question is raised whether there is any significant relationship between servant leadership style and establishing trust in the organization under study. To answer this question, the researchers designed a model, and using a correlation-descriptive model, probed the corresponding hypotheses. Each of the concepts were operationalized and the data were collected using a questionnaire. Data analysis confirmed the hypotheses and showed a significant relationship between servant leadership dimensions and establishing trust in Tax Affairs Offices of Guilan province. The desirability of the dimensions and components of research were ranked and based on the ranking recommendations are presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Survay the Coliform pollution in the Shafarood river of Guilan Province
S. Khatib haghighi A. Ghane M. Nahrvar In this survey, in order to study the Coliform pollution of Shafarud River, two layers from surface and sediment were sampled in five stations. Sampling was done seasonally during a year. The pollution b More In this survey, in order to study the Coliform pollution of Shafarud River, two layers from surface and sediment were sampled in five stations. Sampling was done seasonally during a year. The pollution by standard diagnosis of Coliform was completely examined. The most pollution was found in sediment layer of delta area. Besides, the highest Coliform count was seen during summer amounting to (44.2) Coliform in 100 cm3 and Fecal Coliform (22.1) in 100 cm3 river water. In summer, due to the high temperature, growth of bacteria is more than ever and in the delta area, because of calm flowing of water and it is passing through the city and agricultural centers, and entering garbage into it, the amount of pollution has been apparently reached a high level in comparison with other parts of the rivers with rapid flowing of water. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - A comparative study of walking capability’s level in the of urban neighborhoods.(A case study: criteriaof old and new neighborhoods in the city of Rasht)
ali saffarirad majid shamsAbstract Walking and enhancing walkability in the neighborhood areas may lead to increase security and social relations, accesses, neighborhood identity, the sense of community, neighborhood quality and to reduce environmental quality such as noise and air pollution.Thi MoreAbstract Walking and enhancing walkability in the neighborhood areas may lead to increase security and social relations, accesses, neighborhood identity, the sense of community, neighborhood quality and to reduce environmental quality such as noise and air pollution.This study was to answer the question thathow the walking capability is in the city of Rasht in Guilan. In terms of practical goal, descriptive_ analytical essence, and data collection the current study is on the basis of library research and field work.For this purpose, first walking capability indicators of old and new communities were investigated. Each was compared by standard rules then optimal strategies to improve the walkability of aforementioned areas were presented. Residents of 5 new and 5 old neighborhoods that have a population of 124382 thousands were selected as a statistical society. By using Cochran formula a sample of 366 residents out of population were reselected. In this regard, because of the proximity of the number of new (61722 people) and old communities (62660 people), 183 questionnaires in new and 183 questionnaire in old neighborhoods were completed. In order to understand the gap between studied indices of residents of new and old neighborhoods, due to the nature of interval data, an independent T-Test was used. T-Test results determine that in many of the components between the two communities (respondents) there is a significant difference. In general it can be claimed that according to the field studies, as well as respondents new neighborhood in most cases than the old ones have better conditions in terms of walking capability. Keywords: Walking capability,urban neighborhoods, standard rules, Guilan province, Rasht city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Regional Development Strategy, a Solution to Decentralization (Sample: City of Rasht)
Majid Yasoori Maryam SojoodiRasht county, has been experiencing unique circumstances compared to its surrounding cities and have had a growing tendency to centralization, since the beginning of its formation. Formation of one-sided relationship and orientation of most of the vital and functional m MoreRasht county, has been experiencing unique circumstances compared to its surrounding cities and have had a growing tendency to centralization, since the beginning of its formation. Formation of one-sided relationship and orientation of most of the vital and functional movements of the cities of the province toward the city of Rasht have led to seclusion and inactivity in other settlement points of the province. It seems that with the expansion of activities in the city of Rasht, this problem will be expanded. This study investigates the fields of centralization in the city of Rasht in three areas: administrative-political centralization, economic-service centralization, and centralization of the population. During explaining the most important symbols and instances of centralizations in mentioned areas, to reduce the centralization in the city of Rasht, orient the movements to the other points and consequently balance the movements and interactions, we use the new model Regional Development Strategy (RDS). Regional development strategy with its strategic, community-based and flexible thinking is very effective in the establishment of regional balance since this model attempts to exploit the capabilities, capacities, actions and cooperation of all the regions and organize them as well as possible. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - تأثیر مدیریت زنجیره تامین بر کارآیی صنعتی و عملکرد فنی
عطاا.. طالقانی محمد طالقانی محسن شفیعیان -
Open Access Article
13 - On the Analysis of Urban Hierarchy and Balancing the Spatial Distribution of Urban Centers Population in Guilan Province
E. Pourramzan E. Darvish-RahimabadiUrban hierarchy in terms of quantity is the best form of organizing space. Because it makes the distribution of activities and services at the community level, balancing classification, performance and appearance of different ways of life in the various geographical are MoreUrban hierarchy in terms of quantity is the best form of organizing space. Because it makes the distribution of activities and services at the community level, balancing classification, performance and appearance of different ways of life in the various geographical areas .Population distribution system is not balanced in the province and do not get a proper image form of accommodation and population settlement and cities .It was determined by studying the urban hierarchy of Gilan province during the years 1355 to 1395 .It was determined by studying the urban hierarchy Gilan during the years 1355 to 1395 the city of Rasht as the capital of Gilan and the metropolis area with a 42.41 percent of the urban population in 1395 in the "First City" demonstrated their dominant role and now all factors: geographical, social, economic, political, cultural and ...is in the interest of the city and to the detriment of small living centers. Meanwhile, concentration of the population led social and cultural difficulties such as housing problems, expensive land, rent, traffic congestion, failures in service and finally, a wide range of environmental contamination. This city in terms of having appropriate areas of political, economic and cultural, various migrants from surrounding areas has attracted and has been away urban hierarchy of Rank – Size law; So that in 1355 the city of Rasht was 3.41 equal the second largest city (Anzali).In 1390 the population of city of Rasht is 5.48 equal the second population (Anzali).To determine the population dynamics and rank cities in recent years, and its effects on the unbalanced development of urban centers, centralization and domination of one city in the provincial urban it is necessary to take measures in order to spatial organization of urban centers and a balanced distribution of geographical Society according to the possibilities and the limitations and comparative advantages of each region and with respect to land use planning policies and modify spatial development of urban centers. The most important approaches of this research is centralization Of city and Rasht area and attention to small and medium cities Province Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Explaning the Development of Geotorism and the Creation of Geopark with an emphasis on Sustainable Torism Indices in the Dorfak and Deylaman Area of Guilan Province
Tahere Sabouri Mohamadreza Servati Jamshid Jedari EyvaziGeotourism is one of the new concepts in geography and tourism literature that emphasizes the determination of special tourist sites from the point of view of geology and geomorphology. The focus of studies in this scientific branch is to determine the special tourist s MoreGeotourism is one of the new concepts in geography and tourism literature that emphasizes the determination of special tourist sites from the point of view of geology and geomorphology. The focus of studies in this scientific branch is to determine the special tourist sites and to combine them with cultural, historical and ecological resources in order to achieve sustainable tourism development. In the meantime, the geospatial creation of the geoparks by the UNESCO Organization for the protection of Geological Heritage was presented with its special scientific management plans. Therefore, it can be argued that a sustainable and systematic development approach is one of the essential requirements for the effective management of the present era for the development of tourism industry globally. In this regard, the main objective of the study was to investigate the effect of the development of geotourism and the creation of geopark on sustainable tourism indicators. The research method was correlation and sampling method in this study was a holistic judgment sampling method and the sample size included 66 senior experts from the Office of the Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism in Guilan province. After collecting data with standard questionnaires, structural equation modeling technique with partial least squares approach was used to evaluate the relationships between variables and in general, all data analysis was performed using SPSS and PLS softwares. The results of the research hypotheses indicate the impact of geotourism and geopark on sustainable tourism indices in different dimensions (economic, social, cultural, political, technological, and ecological). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Evaluating Ecological Power of Guilan Province for Ecotourism Activities Development
Mehdi Hesam amirreza shabahramiOne of the most important steps in planning ecotourism activities is the assessment of the power of different areas to create and develop these activities. In this regard, and given that the province of Guilan is one of the main tourist destinations in the country, in t MoreOne of the most important steps in planning ecotourism activities is the assessment of the power of different areas to create and develop these activities. In this regard, and given that the province of Guilan is one of the main tourist destinations in the country, in this research the ecological ability assessment of Guilan province for ecotourism activities is discussed. To do this research, firstly, the basic criteria for ecotourism activities were selected through study literature and the layers were prepared. Also, according to the views of 23 experts and experts in the field, the weight of each criterion was determined by hierarchical analysis method. Finally, the map of the spatial layers in the Arc Gis software after the application of the coefficient of importance, was integrated and integrated and the areas susceptible to ecotourism activity were identified. The results of the research show that the total area of the Guilan province is 4907 square kilometers in the most suitable category, 7593 square kilometers in the appropriate category, 779 square kilometers in the middle class and 785 square kilometers in the category of inappropriate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Explaining the Tourism Climate of the East of Guilan Province Using the Physiological Equivalent Temperature
Naser Khoshdel Parviz Rezaei Sadraldin Sadraldin GholamReza JanbazGhobadiIn this research, the tourism climate of the east of Guilan province during the statistical period 1996 to 2015 (20 years) was investigated by PET and TCI methods, and was interpolated with the Kriging method. Also, by using factor analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis, t MoreIn this research, the tourism climate of the east of Guilan province during the statistical period 1996 to 2015 (20 years) was investigated by PET and TCI methods, and was interpolated with the Kriging method. Also, by using factor analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis, they categorized their values from the spatial dimension. Factor analysis of PET values from spatial dimension showed that the PET value of this area was classified into two groups and 52.59% and 46.87% of the variance of the data in rotational state respectively. The first component consists of Roudsar, Kyashahr, Lahijan, Ramsar, Masouleh, Anzali and Rasht stations, and the second component includes the Manjil, Dylaman, Jirandeh and MoalemKalayeh stations. Also, the cluster analysis of the amount of PET divided the East Guilan stations into two groups, with Kyashahr, Roudsar, Lahijan, Ramsar, Rasht and Anzali stations in the first group and Masouleh, Manjil, Dylaman, MoalemKalayeh and Jirandeh stations in the second group. In this regard, the number of detected factors of the TCI value from spatial dimension showed that the two components explained 56.51 and 37.54 percent of the variance of the data in rotational state, the first component is comprised Ramsar, Anzali, Rasht, Kyashahr, Lahijan, Roudsar and Manjil stations, and the second component is the Masouleh, Dyelaman, Jirandeh and MoalemKalayeh stations. Also, using cluster analysis, two independent groups were identified based on the similarity of TCI values. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Designing a Value Co-Creation Model for the Medical Tourism Industry in Guilan Province
Maryam Hassanzadeh Narges Delafrooz Ali Gholipour Soleimani Kambiz ShahroudiGiven the natural, historical, and cultural potentials of Guilan province, a key pivot of its development is tourism, among whose different forms medical tourism is of particular importance. Co-creation is a sort of marketing strategy that emphasizes the creation and re MoreGiven the natural, historical, and cultural potentials of Guilan province, a key pivot of its development is tourism, among whose different forms medical tourism is of particular importance. Co-creation is a sort of marketing strategy that emphasizes the creation and recognition of values shared by an organization and customers to improve service quality and preserve and create value for customers. The present study aims to propose a value co-creation model with an emphasis on organization and customer in the medical tourism industry. The research is exploratory in nature and applied in the objective. The statistical population is composed of eight scientific and executive experts in tourism and eight medical tourists. The sampling method is purposive and snowball. Data, which were collected by semi-structured interviews, were analyzed by the grounded theory. After three steps of coding, the model of value co-creation with organization and customer was identified as a paradigm. The validity and reliability of the data were checked by a combination of validity measurement methods and the test-retest method. Based on the results, the strategies of organizational value co-creation were considered to include the medical tourism mix as the pivotal phenomenon, medical tourism potentials as causal conditions, and medical tourism infrastructure as contextual factors. Customer value co-creation including resources, motivations, and interactions of tourists and customer value co-creation behavior including loyalty and citizen behavior were considered as the consequences of the model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Identifying the dimensions of destination social responsibility from the perspective of tourists in urban and rural tourism destinations of Guilan province by classical Grounded Theory research method
Fereshteh Ghavidel Ali Gholipour Soleimani Seyed Mahmoud Shabgoo Monsef Alireza Farokhbakht FoomaniIntroduction: The tourism industry is one of the most important sources of income for the countries of the world, and in the 21st century, it has been ranked as the second most important industry in the world. Tourism of a destination is highly dependent on its natural MoreIntroduction: The tourism industry is one of the most important sources of income for the countries of the world, and in the 21st century, it has been ranked as the second most important industry in the world. Tourism of a destination is highly dependent on its natural and cultural resources and has positive and negative effects on the environment. Therefore, social responsibility has been considered as a concern of urban and rurals Destination managers of tourism destinations more than before.Research Aim: the main purpose of this research is Identifying the dimensions of social responsibility of urban and rurals' destinations in Guilan province from the Tourists' Point of view.Methodology: The present study, based on the type of data, is qualitative and based on the type of purpose, was basic and based on location, was field research and in terms of method and process, the data was classical Grounded Theory. The statistical population of this study was tourists and experts from all over Iran who have traveled to the tourist destinations of Gilan province for at least the past two years. The sampling method, due to the unlimited statistical population and the impossibility of accessing the entire required sample, was Convenience and snowball Non-probability Sampling. Data collection tools was semi-structured in-depth interview, which due to quarantine restrictions, more It was done by phone. The number of samples was 12 according to the theoretical saturation. Data analysis was performed through open, theoretical and theory-based coding using MaxQDA 2020 software.Studied Areas: The study area of the research includes all tourism destinations, pilgrimage, entertainment, parks and green spaces, hotels, residences, restaurants in all cities and villages of Guilan province.Results: The findings show that the legal, environmental, economic, cultural and ethical dimensions are respectively the desired dimensions of destination social responsibility for tourists.Conclusion: Because this study revealed tourists' perceptions of the destination social responsibility, the results could have important implications for marketers and destination managers; Because they can differentiate their destination products from others and in the long run enjoy great benefits such as long-term links between tourists and destinations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Spatial analysis of geomorphic hazards in order to identify safe residential areas (Case study: urban areas of Gilan province)
Payam Jafari Hamid Majedi Hossein ZabihiGeomorphic hazards have occurred continuously and throughout history in different areas of the globe and continue to do so. But we recognize these events as a danger when they threaten human settlements and cause damage to man-made buildings, facilities, and equipment. MoreGeomorphic hazards have occurred continuously and throughout history in different areas of the globe and continue to do so. But we recognize these events as a danger when they threaten human settlements and cause damage to man-made buildings, facilities, and equipment. Also, since humanity has not been able to prevent the occurrence of many of these dangers, the best solution is to stay away from these dangers. However, many human settlements are placed in risky situations in terms of geomorphic hazards, which is a potential threat to them. Therefore, by identifying high-risk and safe residential areas, it is possible to prepare to deal with risks and to use safe residential areas in urban planning in future developments and constructions. Based on this, the present research was conducted with this concern to identify safe residential zones in Guilan province, which is considered a high-risk province in terms of geomorphic hazards, through spatial analysis. The research method is mixed or combined (quantitative and qualitative) and a combination of library and field methods was used to collect data and information. The results of this research showed that based on the opinions of specialists and experts, the most important geomorphic hazards that are considered as a threat to the urban areas of Guilan province include earthquakes, floods, landslides, erosion, subsidence, and liquefaction, respectively. In terms of the spatial distribution of safe residential areas, based on what was obtained from the output of the fuzzy model in the GIS software, 51.5% of the Guilan province is covered by unsafe and relatively unsafe levels in terms of geomorphic hazards. On the other hand, safe and relatively safe zones cover 23.4% of the area of Guilan province, and 25.1% of the area of the province is covered by the medium security zone. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Population and Urbanism In The Guilan Province A Geographical Study
teymor amarCity and urbanism is result of relation between human and environment. human’s interference in the nature have creating structural and spatial change that city is sign this alteration. Because, ci MoreCity and urbanism is result of relation between human and environment. human’s interference in the nature have creating structural and spatial change that city is sign this alteration. Because, city has different function, in the geographical study have special status. City and urbanism culture in the ours country have past long and “Guilan province” salient that urbanism has from past long. In this province creation and trans formation to be not reach the same position in the all part and show differents proportional geographical factors that this article attempts to explain this case by three factors of population, ‘Geography position‘, and topography. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Geographical analyzing of expanding second home in rural region of Anzali after the Islamic Republic
teymoor amar afsaneh berenjkar Second homes are one of symbol for developing tourism in rural region and are indicative more longevity of tourist in rural region . The emergence and expanding this phenomenon may account as a symbol for capitalism growth in the rural com More Second homes are one of symbol for developing tourism in rural region and are indicative more longevity of tourist in rural region . The emergence and expanding this phenomenon may account as a symbol for capitalism growth in the rural communities which follow up the deposition and longevity in this community , leave remarkable economic impact in the long - term .In Caspian coast , biginning and expanding the second home were more in coastal strip and shows almost a 3 decade experiences. This research using library and field study had been viewed the dimension and the trend of expanding second home in rural region of Bandar Anzali . The result indicate that expanding second home in this region generally , are influenced by the region geographical condition and local planning (for example, free zone) . The most number of second home had established in recent decade and the owner of more of this home are residence in Tehran ; and the stay opportunity to this homes are generally 3 weeks to one month in a year. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Analyzing the situation and the level of development of cities of the Guilan province in 1996 and 2011
nahid fallahian seyed mosa pourmosavi reza vaisi hassan rezapourGuilan province, inequality and lack of balance in the optimal distribution of resources and focus on facilities and services at the First City area (Rasht), imbalance and gaps in development between regions has caused. In this regard, the development target areas and i MoreGuilan province, inequality and lack of balance in the optimal distribution of resources and focus on facilities and services at the First City area (Rasht), imbalance and gaps in development between regions has caused. In this regard, the development target areas and identify the distribution of economic justice - social areas reduce regional disparities is essential. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the rank of metropolitan areas having the province in terms of development indicators and trend of development levels in the years 1375 to 1390 has done. The research method used in this study cross - the dominant approach, it is applied. To check the status of Guilan province gain and development of 40 indicators of economic, cultural, educational, health, housing and infrastructure, recreation and entertainment combined index is applied. Using factor analysis and Mauritius, the degree of development of each province is calculated and ranked. Then, using cluster analysis, urban areas in the province developed, semi-developed and is classified as disadvantaged. Another noteworthy Guilan province in 1996 due compare with 2011, an increase of inequality between the urban areas of the province. And finally calculated based on the regression model, the priority order of the indices to predict degrees of Guilan province in housing and infrastructure, recreational and entertainment services, economic factors, cultural services, education and health indicators are. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - The study and analysis of development of second homes in the rural area Case study: Khorgam sector of Roodbar Township
teymor amarRurul tourism could be the results of social – economical and cultural expansive changes ofter world war II; which expanded under the protection of factors such as communication ways improvement ; urbanisation devlopment; increasing time leisure , increasing MoreRurul tourism could be the results of social – economical and cultural expansive changes ofter world war II; which expanded under the protection of factors such as communication ways improvement ; urbanisation devlopment; increasing time leisure , increasing environmental pollution, and the level of life promotion . Second homes as one of this actions result; first of all prevaild in west and then in other part of the world. In our country also the mountainous territories around big cities and regiones which have good microclimatic conditions have observed this phenomenon formation. Moreover, in “Caspian sea” coast, although the presentation and expantion of second homes have been in coastal regiones , with filling these regione in one hand and making easy the access of mountainouse regiones on the other hand, has carried its development scape to this regione. This reaserch by doing library and scope studies , has discussed the dimenthons and procedures of second homes devlopment in one of rural regiones of “Guilan province” (Khorgam sector of Roodbar township). The result of studies showes that second homes devlopment in the region , generally is because of relative relations and reversed emigration (city to village ), and the improvement of communication sub-structure. Meanwhile, this phenomenon in these developmental procedures has been deprived of planning, control and management, and has increased mechanical andautomatically form. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The Process of Urbanization changes in Guilan Province
bahram karimi mohamad salmani seyed ali badri mohamadreza rezvani mojtaba ghadiri masoom Introduction *Corresponding Author: salmanim@voila.fr One of the characteristics of our age is urbanization, increasing of urban population and developing and growing of towns and cities. The third millennium has b More Introduction *Corresponding Author: salmanim@voila.fr One of the characteristics of our age is urbanization, increasing of urban population and developing and growing of towns and cities. The third millennium has been called urbanization age because urban population has increased from 29 million in 1800 to 2/8 billion in 2000. It is forecasted that urban population will be 3/3 billion in 2030, and 90 percent of this population will live in the third world cities. Urbanization in Gilan province has ever been less than its average in Iran but its urban system has been similar to the rest of Iran. Urban pyramid is unbalanced and unequal in Gilan, and the top of the pyramid is very narrow due to existence of big cities, and the base of the pyramid is very wide due to existence of many small towns.. Methodology This research based on studying in Guilan province is going to analyze urbanization dimensions and trends, the increase of city numbers through transformation of villages to towns, and primate city indexes in it. The type of research is applied and its method is descriptive-analytical. Required data has been collected through the results of public Censuses of Housing and Population from 1956 to 2006. Results The survey of population and urbanization in Guilan province shows that urban population were increasing from 1956 to 1986, and had a falling trend from 1986 to 1996; in all of these periods urban population growth rate was more than rural and total population growth rate but rural population was always more than urban population. In 2006, for the first time urban population has transcended to rural population. The increase of extent and ratio of urbanization has been due to increase of rural immigration and the transformation of villages to towns. During the late five decades, Guilan province has ever faced with increasing of city numbers. The average of population of villages transformed to towns is low. Grouping of cities shows that the cities with population between 10000 and100000 have increased from 1966 to 2006, but cities with population more than 100000 haven't changed so much. The survey of numbers and population of cities in different groups shows that small towns (less than 25000 populations) have had the least population and the most numbers in all periods of Censuses. Primate city indexes in Guilan indicate that urban system is unbalanced; it means that primate city degree and centralization are high there. The main reason for this centralization is the state's policies and modernization. Conclusion Surveys indicate urbanization level in Guilan province has increased and rural population ratio has decreased in five recent decades. Rasht city (the capital of the province) has had the most urban population; within the six periods of Censuses the average of its population has been 43/1 percent of urban population of Guilan province. This unbalanced population distribution in the province is because of unbalanced distribution of services and facilities there. So it is necessary to change or improve the population settlement and settling pattern in order to achieve development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Analysis of the function of literacy movement at Cultural Development of Villagers of Guilan Province
عیسی پوررمضان محمد امیری میکالSince the formation of literacy movement for creating learning opportunity of adults till now significant improvement has been achieved in the direction of achieving considered aim. After 3 decades of activity of this organization regarding national experience and its i MoreSince the formation of literacy movement for creating learning opportunity of adults till now significant improvement has been achieved in the direction of achieving considered aim. After 3 decades of activity of this organization regarding national experience and its interaction with international experiences there is the necessity of reviewing and engineering again in most of products and methods that are being used. This paper that has been done with analytic- descriptive method, has considered the role of literacy movement at cultural development of village of Guilan province. The required data of this research has been gained through documentation-field method. It was completed in order to determine the function of literacy movement at cultural development of Guilan province that based on census in 2006 it had more literate people. The independent variable is seemed literary research and dependent variable is cultural development of villages that for making relationship 15 items were determined and analyzed. The result of consideration shows that literacy movement during its activity could make people literate at villages and villagers after being literate their level of information and culture has been promoted , on the one hand in the view of doing religious duties, reading Quran, benefiting prophetic saying , it has had positive and significant changes. Also they have been more successful at verbal and auditory interaction and became interested in using books and simple journals. Putting women out of isolation and entering them into social- political area is the effect and blessing of literacy. Especially they became more sensitive towards local, national phenomena, Islam's world and international phenomena. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Solutions of Mountain Tourism Development in Amlash Township by SWOT Analysis Model
تیمور آمار علی صفاری رادMountainous region is one of the most favorite destinations for tourists in the world. The lack of oppropriate planning from responsible organizations and lack of enough information regarding potentials of the rurals mountainous region by tourists and being reluctance f MoreMountainous region is one of the most favorite destinations for tourists in the world. The lack of oppropriate planning from responsible organizations and lack of enough information regarding potentials of the rurals mountainous region by tourists and being reluctance for investing from private sector in providing proper equipment for tourists in mountainous region cause lack of improvement in the tourism industry in this regions. The current research is done in one of the mountainous ranges of Guilan province to answer this question that what are the advantages and limitations of tourism development in amlash mountainous region and what ways to exsit for development of tourism mountainnous? According to this issue that recognition of power points, weakeness points, opportunity and threat and planning in order to removal limitations and improving benefits and creating economic and social in this area are the obvious goals of this research, so this research using survey method (descriptives – analytical) field studies and completing questionnaire by kind three statistical population (tourists, rural family (people), local managers) and determining power, weakness, opportunity points and threat in from of economic, social and cultural, nuthral and physical and basic factors with SWOT method collect strategies and short term, mid term and long term time programmes in order to planning to develop mountainous tourism in Amlash city. Studies and examinations show that accordingto power and weakness points and opportunity in region, threats and weaknesses rates is very high, too and the region in a view to developing tourism prospers a damageable level and it´s necessary to distribute and allocate renewed sources and true and reasonable planning in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Evaluation of factors affecting the development of second cultivation in the Shaft Township
تیمور آمار محمد باسط قرشی مینآباد صفیه باقری کودکانیEfficiency of an agricultural activity depends on the use of factors of production and utilization of existing infrastructure in increasing productivity. One of the methods for increasing productivity in agriculture is second cultivation. Second cultivation, the so-call MoreEfficiency of an agricultural activity depends on the use of factors of production and utilization of existing infrastructure in increasing productivity. One of the methods for increasing productivity in agriculture is second cultivation. Second cultivation, the so-called cultivated crops in the land after harvesting the first crop will be cultivated and exploited. Cultivation in the Guilan province with the so-called products of the land is cultivated paddy fields after rice harvest. This study deals second cultivation importance of rural household’s economy in the Shaft city (Guilan Province). In the study of current methods for collecting and processing information (documents and field) using and the role of second cultivation in agriculture, leading the livelihoods of rural areas were evaluated and solutions for existing problems is also presented. The results of this study showed that Shaft Township with 14,330 hectares of paddy and benefit from Infrastructures such as adequate water have appropriate conditions for the development of second cultivation. In addition, factors such as land leveling, human force and satisfaction of the production can appropriate support for increase efficiency this mode of production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Analysis of Management – policy Problems before tea industry in the Guilan Province
mohamadsadegh allahyari habibollah rezadost shaghayegh kheiri seyed ali noor hosseiniTo evaluate and identify the most import and managerial-policy issues and problems of tea industry in Guilan, a study was conducted in 2010. Delphi method was used in this study involved a total of 54 members (15 farmers, 12 factory owners, 11 businessmen and 16 experts MoreTo evaluate and identify the most import and managerial-policy issues and problems of tea industry in Guilan, a study was conducted in 2010. Delphi method was used in this study involved a total of 54 members (15 farmers, 12 factory owners, 11 businessmen and 16 experts).The results showed that issues such as wealth and power Mafia drummer imports smuggled tea, tea accumulate on of experience, lack of strict government control son production and trade of tea, the lack of stable and long-term strategy and policy in stability, Lack of management and planning in the manufacturing, industrial and commercial tea, the tea industry is looking at a system of government, to deal with problems of passive Tea, Unethical interference in local government authorities and push them to buy green tea, Weaknesses in the education sector ,promoting the country's tea industry and government neglect in the cultivation and breeding of tea gardens and tea gardens release due to wrong policies of reform initiatives Tea, a very important point for the tea product that had a failure with the tea industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Spatial analysis of activities in Guilan province
eisa pourramzan reza mahdaviHuman should keep in mind to use territory as much as it's potential to prevent poverty and destruction of territory and also kind of use should be determined refer to territory potentials, economic and social needs. Spatial development of Guilan province (north of Iran MoreHuman should keep in mind to use territory as much as it's potential to prevent poverty and destruction of territory and also kind of use should be determined refer to territory potentials, economic and social needs. Spatial development of Guilan province (north of Iran) is representing policies and socioeconomic attitude of the society in the past decades that can be characterized with elemental metamorphism in shape and spatial organization. Spatial organization of Guilan province is ruling by arrangement and distribution of members of a set in space for application of all members. In spatial organization of Guilan, dots like: entrances, villages, cities, regions (industrial, agricultural and service regions) and cities, grids like: roads, channels, power transfer lines etc. and areas like: agricultural lands, forests, sea, rivers and lagoons are important. Finally configuration of spatial structure can be presents balanced, incidental, concentrated, hierarchy or conversely. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Role of Local Periodic Markets in Economic and Social Development of Villages of Guilan Province
seyed hassan Motiee Langeroudi mojtaba Ghadiri Masoom mohamadreza Rezvani aeezh AzmiIntroduction Local periodic markets are places that villagers and farmers go there for selling crops. Therefore these markets have an important role in local development. Thus each transformation in these markets effects on villagers and farmers. Aim of this inv MoreIntroduction Local periodic markets are places that villagers and farmers go there for selling crops. Therefore these markets have an important role in local development. Thus each transformation in these markets effects on villagers and farmers. Aim of this investigation is study of the local periodic markets and its role in local development. The local periodic markets have important role in rural economic in Guilan province and therefore each change and evolution in this markets effect on rural economic and society. Therefore, solution of these problems must be principle priority in region planning. This investigation study that how these problems resolve. Therefore there are some problems that may study: 1.What are economic dimensions of the local periodic markets in rural development? 2.What are cultural and social dimensions of the local periodic markets in rural development? 3.What is effective component in economic and cultural and social dimensions of the local periodic markets in rural development? Research Methodology This investigation does in 9 cities in Guilan province they have local periodic markets. Statistical population includes half of total society that includes 300 sellers. Sampling method for this selection was stratified sampling. A systematic random sampling method was used to select the samples from among the sellers in each city. Reliability was calculated by Cronbach’s alfa. Validity was studied by in geographical and agricultural experts. Data was calculated by SPSS software and investigators used from per cent, mean, C.V and factor analysis for analyzing data. With regard to the study area, the study was conducted in Guilan province in Iran; Guilan is located at 36’ and 34” to 38’ and 27” northern latitude and 48’ and 53” to 50’ and 34” eastern longitude from the Greenwich meridian.Guilan is one of the northern provinces of Iran that its extent is 14711 km. It is about 9% of Iran extent. This province lies along the Caspian Sea, just west of the province of Mazandaran, east of the province of Ardabil, north of the provinces of Zanjan and Qazvin. The center of the province is the city of Rasht. Results Results say that economic dimension is equal 2.60 that it shows that the local periodic markets have economic effects on rural development. But cultural and social dimension is equal 3.25 that it shows that local periodic markets do not have effect on rural development. In economic dimension, there are 3 components that effect on rural development (71.025 of total), and in cultural and social dimension, there are 2 components that effect on rural development (67.35 of total). Conclusion This paper mentions that the local periodic markets have important role in rural development. In social and cultural dimension, they effect on villagers’ social situation, help to women empowerment, increase interaction between cities and villages and identify local traditions to visitors. In economic dimension, the local periodic markets produce jobs, income, decrease poverty and help to crop sale. In sellers’ motivating dimension, the sellers like their work but jobs, money and employment are important reasons for working in the market. The researchers show that there are some components in the local periodic markets that effect on rural development. In economic dimension, these factors include: production and marketing factor, income factor, and occupation factor. In social and cultural dimension, these factors include: rural and urban interaction and income factor. And in sellers’ motivating dimension, these factors include: professional factor, families’ factor, money factor and shopping factor. For the local periodic markets, the researchers have some recommendations that include: 1.it is essential that government intervene in the local periodic markets for to help the sellers; 2.the sellers are almost poor and government should protect them by credit, loam and insurance, and 3.The local periodic markets are Iranian cultural heritage that must protect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Approaches to Development the Tourism Industry in Guilan Province
mehrdad godarzvand chegini nasrollah molaei hashjinTourism plays an important role in the economy of the societies. Recognizing the accurate and deep dimensions of various tourism attractions is the key factor to the improvement of the tourism market. Tourism industry, within the last decades, has grown up with an incre MoreTourism plays an important role in the economy of the societies. Recognizing the accurate and deep dimensions of various tourism attractions is the key factor to the improvement of the tourism market. Tourism industry, within the last decades, has grown up with an increasing growth rate, and is a considerable source of income for a number of both developed and developing countries. Based on this, the following research is performed through a survey method. The population under study included managers and administrative decision makers in economic, social and cultural sectors connected to the tourism industry in Guilan which is characterized through cluster sampling. The measure to evaluate the face validity of the expert opinion in the tourism industry was a questionnaire. To delineate the reliability factor, a Cronbach Alpha coefficient was used. A coefficient of 871% is indicative of high reliability and capacity of the measure. Then, the data collected were analyzed by applying the SPSS software. One of the major findings of the research is that the ecotourism can be used as the main effective approach to improve and develop the industry with regard to the cultural and social situations in the country. Among the geographical attractions, the sea and its coasts have had the highest influence in attracting the tourists to Guilan province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - تأثیر افزایش قیمت برق بر رفاه بخش خانگی مناطق روستایی استان گیلان
حسین صالحی Esfandiar Doshman Ziari Mohammad Sadegh Ziaeiبه منظور بررسی اثر افزایش قیمت برق در بخش خانگی بر رفاه خانوارهای روستایی استان گیلان با استفاده از سیستم تقاضای تقریبا ایده­آل؛ کشش­ها و تغییرات رفاهی ناشی از افزایش 50 درصدی و افزایش 100 درصدی قیمت برق خانگی و افزایش تدریجی قیمت برق خانگی در چهار سال (هر سال ا Moreبه منظور بررسی اثر افزایش قیمت برق در بخش خانگی بر رفاه خانوارهای روستایی استان گیلان با استفاده از سیستم تقاضای تقریبا ایده­آل؛ کشش­ها و تغییرات رفاهی ناشی از افزایش 50 درصدی و افزایش 100 درصدی قیمت برق خانگی و افزایش تدریجی قیمت برق خانگی در چهار سال (هر سال افزایش 25 درصدی) با استفاده از دو معیار تغییرات جبرانی و تغییرات معادل طی دوره زمانی 91-1370 محاسبه شده­است. نتایج نشان می­دهد قدر مطلق کشش درآمدی و قیمتی برق کوچک­تر از واحد بوده­است. پایین­بودن کشش قیمتی تقاضا از طرفی نشان­دهنده تأثیر جزئی تغییرات قیمت بر روی تقاضای برق در دوره مورد بررسی بوده و از طرف دیگر بیان­گر عدم وجود جانشین مناسب برای برق در بخش خانگی می­باشد.محاسبات تغییرات رفاهی و مقایسه­ی آنها با سهم برق از یارانه­ی پرداختی، نشان میدهد که با افزایش 50 و 100 درصدی قیمت برق خانگی پول پرداختی به خانوار کمتر از میزان مبلغ به­دست آمده­است و می­توان گفت که اثر مستقیم واقعی­کردن قیمت برق خانگی (افزایش قیمت) جبران نشده­است. در واقع میزان رفاهی که خانوار در اثر افزایش قیمت برق از دست داده­است بیش­تر از رفاهی است که به­دست آورده­است و لذا خانوارها متضرر شده­اند. اما در مورد سناریوی افزایش تدریجی قیمت، مبلغ CV به­دست­آمده کمتر از میزان دریافتی خانوار بوده و به این دلیل در واقع تنها با اعمال این سیاست قیمتی است که خانوار متضرر نشده و رفاه آن افزایش یافته­است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - fff
mohammad ali dadashi Vahid Khasheii -
Open Access Article
34 - A Strategic Model for the Development of Medical Tourism with an Emphasis on the Co_Creation of the Organization Value and the Customer: The Case of Guilan Province
Maryam HassanzadehCreating shared value is a sort of marketing strategy that emphasizes the creation and recognition of shared values of a company and customers. The present research aims to present a strategic paradigm for the development of medical tourism with an emphasis on value syn MoreCreating shared value is a sort of marketing strategy that emphasizes the creation and recognition of shared values of a company and customers. The present research aims to present a strategic paradigm for the development of medical tourism with an emphasis on value synergy in Guilan province. The research was conducted in a mixed-methods design. The statistical population was composed of medical tourism experts and medical tourists of Guilan province in the qualitative phase and the hospital presidents and medical tourists in the quantitative phase. The sample in the qualitative phase (16 individuals) was taken by the purposive sampling technique. In the quantitative phase, it was composed of 50 hospitals taken by the consensus technique. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews in the qualitative phase and by a questionnaire in the quantitative phase. The qualitative data were analyzed by grounded theory, but the structural equation method was employed for the analysis of the quantitative data using the PLS software package. The dimensions of the model were derived in the qualitative phase. They include the strategies of organization value co-creation and medical tourism potentials, customer value co-creation, and co-creation behavior. Then, the model was tested in the quantitative phase and was supported. Organizational value co-creation plays a key role in developing an optimal image in tourists. Tourism potentials with the dimensions of culture creation, the potential of developing medical services, human resources management, and communication capability are important for the formation of co-creation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Nutritional Management of Broiler Rearing Farms in Guilan, Iran
Hossein Zaker Esteghamati Sayed Abdoullah Hosseini Hamid Reza Mohamadian Tabrizi Mohamad Hossein Palizdar Amir MeimandipourFrom a total of 656 broiler farms with the permission of exploitation in Guilan province, data was gathered from 20% of active farms including 85 units (Capacity of over 1663000 portions of broiler chickens) to evaluate the management of nutrition and nourish using ques MoreFrom a total of 656 broiler farms with the permission of exploitation in Guilan province, data was gathered from 20% of active farms including 85 units (Capacity of over 1663000 portions of broiler chickens) to evaluate the management of nutrition and nourish using questionnaire. The questionnaires were completed by the interview method. The methods of making feed, feed formulation, the shape of grain, the frequency of feeding, the type of dietary supplement and food additives, the use of experts, feed conversion ratio, causes of mortality, the age of mortality, drinking and feeding systems, and how to use fine nourishing (in the shape of supplement or concentrate) were considered in this study. The performance was calculated for each broiler farm. According to the production index, the farms were divided into three groups of weak (200+25), medium (250+25), and good (300+25) and their differences were compared. According to the results, among the managerial factors, the factors such as: feeding system, water quality, the conformity of ration in nutrition with the needs of commercial strains and drinking management, have the most portion in creating the three groups of good, medium and weak, among the broiler rearing farms. Thus, in the study of each group’s feeding system, the good group has the highest percentage of using automatic systems (86/60) and the weak group has the highest percentage of using manual systems. In comparing three groups regarding the drinking water quality, it was observed that good, medium and weak groups drink 92%, 61.84%, and 75% fresh water, respectively. Furthermore, in the weak group, most of the farms have used the water with tolerable hardness or saltiness. Finally, the conformity of strain’s requirement with diet was examined among groups. The results showed that 16.5% of units followed this conformity and the percentages of the good, medium, weak groups was 11.12%, 28%, 53.5%, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - The Relationship between Organizational Intelligence and Organizational Effectiveness in Public Libraries of Guilan Province from Librarian`s Viewpoint
Roghayyeh Najafikhah Esmat MomeniObjective: The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of organizational intelligence on organizational effectiveness, and also to identify the situation of the aforementioned variables in public libraries of Guilan province under the authority of Iran public MoreObjective: The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of organizational intelligence on organizational effectiveness, and also to identify the situation of the aforementioned variables in public libraries of Guilan province under the authority of Iran public libraries foundation. Methods: This study was an applied one, using the descriptive survey research and correlation method. Data gathering was done by 2 questionnaires of Karl Albrecht organizational intelligence and Parsons organizational effectiveness. The research population are all employees of the public libraries of Guilan province that are 162 people that 118 of them were selected as the sample size. Data Analysis was done by indicators of descriptive statistics and statistical calculations were carried out by SPSS. Results: The findings show that positive and significant relationship exists between organizational intelligence and it`s components with effectiveness and dimensions. the organizational intelligence of librarian and it`s components is more than the mean. The result of effectiveness shows that except of the latency component that is less than the mean but other components are more than the mean. Conclusion: The findings indicate that organizational intelligence impacts on success and effectiveness of the library. Equal attention to all organizational intelligence elements and organizational effectiveness and organized and coordinated efforts in order to solve work problems, increases salaries, provide facilities and encouragement programs, create satisfying reward system to raise librarian growth and finally will lead to increase in effectiveness in libraries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - A Survey on Key Factors of Success in Implementation of Knowledge Management in Public Libraries of Guilan Province
Seyed Ali Asghar Razavi hamidreza tamadonObjective: This study was conducted to identify the key success factors in implementing knowledge management in public libraries of Guilan province. Method: The present research is applied in terms of purpose and survey in terms of data collection method and data analys MoreObjective: This study was conducted to identify the key success factors in implementing knowledge management in public libraries of Guilan province. Method: The present research is applied in terms of purpose and survey in terms of data collection method and data analysis. The statistical population of the study includes all librarians of public libraries in Gilan province, 189 people, which based on simple random sampling using Morgan table, the statistical volume was 123 people. Data collection was done through a researcher-made questionnaire. To evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire by calculating Cronbach's alpha through S software SPSS. Its reliability was determined to be 95, which indicates the high validity of the questionnaire. Results: The results showed that information systems infrastructure with an average of 4.15 is the highest factor for success and knowledge-based orientation with an average of 3.84 is the lowest factor in the success of knowledge management implementation in public libraries. Guilan province in terms of respondents. Conclusion: The most important component in the implementation of knowledge management in Guilan public libraries from the respondents' point of view is the component of information systems infrastructure, giving importance to information technology capabilities, access of staff and librarians to databases, cooperation between libraries in the form of research projects. Establishing virtual group discussion mechanisms and creating user-friendly electronic systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Analysis of the Effects of Hazelnut Cultivation in Rural Development of Guilan Province (Case study of Amlash County)
Eisa Pourramzan -
Open Access Article
39 - Physiological pathology of migration and mobility of "floating population" in rural settlements of Guilan province
Dr.Teymoor AmarMigration is a dynamic process and the result of socio-economic changes, which can be separated and analyzed in terms of the common divisions of internal and international migrations. Internal migration is one of the main elements of changing demographic processes and t MoreMigration is a dynamic process and the result of socio-economic changes, which can be separated and analyzed in terms of the common divisions of internal and international migrations. Internal migration is one of the main elements of changing demographic processes and the main mechanism of population distribution and redistribution. The flow of migration from cities to rural areas is a part of postmodern developments, which has economic-social-cultural, environmental and physical consequences. Existing studies and researches show that widespread and increasing migration to rural areas, physical complications such as "change In the ownership system, it will lead to "transformation in land use and the landscape of villages", "increase in the construction of second homes and the resulting physical chaos", "physical clutter", and "confusion in architecture and construction". This article investigates the physical damage caused by the migration and mobility of the floating population to the rural areas of Guilan province with a descriptive-analytical method based on documentary studies and field information collection and interviews with local experts and managers. The findings of this research showed that the agricultural levels Between the censuses of 1367 and 1390, the province has decreased by about 33%, which is undoubtedly the main reason for this is the request for land in the province and the change of its use. Construction has grown by 67% during the last decade (despite a 16% decrease in the rural population), which has resulted in numerous construction violations, while there is no reasonable balance between the province's population, resources, and infrastructure. Manuscript profile
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