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Open Access Article
1 - Identify and prioritize obstacles to foreign investment in Iran
G. Memarzadeh Thehran Elahe AminiThe present study was performed to identify and prioritization barriers foreign investment. To achieve the above objectives, two main question and subsidiaryquestions are written twenty-three. The research method was descriptive and statistical research of all managers MoreThe present study was performed to identify and prioritization barriers foreign investment. To achieve the above objectives, two main question and subsidiaryquestions are written twenty-three. The research method was descriptive and statistical research of all managers and experts make up the Organization for Investment, Economic and Technical Assistance of Iran. Using sample determine the 60 people from Cochran is relationships to simple random sampling were selected. To collect the necessary data from the researcher made questionnaire is used. Questionnaire for formal validity and correlation and reliability using Cronbach alpha coefficient and breakdown factors have been calculated barriers foreign investment. T-test been used for analysis the data. The results of studies shows economic factors, support, the structural, and legal and regulatory barriers foreign investment in Iran are considered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - ICSID Tribunal’s jurisdictional Decision Analysis in Tokios Tokeles v. Ukraine Case Number ARB/02/18 on 29 April 2004
Yousef Khoram FarhadiIn this article, a sample of ICSID arbitration tribunal’s jurisdictional decisionregarding to conditions and foundations of jurisdiction and admissibility of claimshave been studied. regulatury powers of the contracting parties of the bilateralinvestment treaty in MoreIn this article, a sample of ICSID arbitration tribunal’s jurisdictional decisionregarding to conditions and foundations of jurisdiction and admissibility of claimshave been studied. regulatury powers of the contracting parties of the bilateralinvestment treaty in determining legal personality of investor is taken intoconsideration in the light of ICSID convention’s purposes.Studying the terms of this decision and its analysis in this article is considered as asuitable guidance for Iranian authorities in order to join into ICSID Convention andto conclude some bilateral treaties in supporting foreign investment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Investigating the Relationship Between Social and Cultural Factors and Foreign Investment
Karim Yazdani Hossein Dehghan Tali’e Khademiyan -
Open Access Article
4 - Consequences of JoiningWTO in Iranian Food Industry
H. Vazifehdoust B. Safavi B. AhmadiGlobalization and sustainable development are of most important economic issues of any country that will not be successfully handled without adequate foreign exchange supply and improvement of domestic production (especially in advantageous industries). F MoreGlobalization and sustainable development are of most important economic issues of any country that will not be successfully handled without adequate foreign exchange supply and improvement of domestic production (especially in advantageous industries). Food industries are one of significant advantageous industries of Iran and enjoy many production advantageous including plenty of economical raw materials, excess and trained human resources, etc. the main question of the current research investigates the positive and negative consequences of Iran’s joining to WTO on domestic food industries (Azarbayjan Sharghi as the sample). All of active companies in food production and export in the province of Azarbayjan Sharghi with 50 or more employees have been chosen as the statistical sample. Using questionnaires, the information is gathered from the highest person in charge for marketing, financial, administrative and supervisory functions. The results suggest that the Iran’s join to WTO will lead to bankruptcy of traditional and small food producers in short and medium time due to competitive incompetencies in sales price, quality, etc. However, regarding potentials of the country (Azarbayjan Sharghi, in specific) in food industries, if mechanized production systems are employed and word-level quality, packaging and standards be considered, the domestic industry can compete internationally. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Explaining the effective indicators of the economic factor on attracting foreign direct investment by looking at the agricultural sector from the perspective of the country's economic elite.
Seyyed Reza Zaytounnejad seyed mahdi mirdamadi Seyyed Jamal Farajola e hosseini Maryam Omidi najafabadi Economic development requires investment in various sectors, including agriculture. Without investment, employment growth, production and socio-economic prosperity cannot be expected. Many developing countries and Iran are facing a shortage of capital and financia More Economic development requires investment in various sectors, including agriculture. Without investment, employment growth, production and socio-economic prosperity cannot be expected. Many developing countries and Iran are facing a shortage of capital and financial resources and need to attract foreign direct investment to compensate for their lack of capital and financial resources. The purpose of this study is to identify the effective indicators of the economic factor in attracting foreign investment. The statistical population of the research includes parliamentarians, elites active in the field of financial economics and agriculture, and a group of professors who specialize in both academic fields and are related to foreign investors, and there are a total of 100 people. The results of the research show; Of the 21 indicators studied, all economic indicators are effective in attracting foreign investment, but the "degree of market economy" or the principle of free trade is the most important. Then the indicators of "increasing the profitability of agricultural activities", "exchange rate stability" and "domestic financial market stability" and the three indicators of "agricultural sector growth rate" and "domestic private sector investment in agriculture". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - International Responsibility Foreign Investors with respect to the Environment
Mojtaba Ansarian shirin shiraziamThe domain of investment law and environmental law is similar. In fact, if there is not environment and its components insist of air, soil and water there will not be any investment, production, accumulation of capital and consumption. Therefore, everyone with every rol MoreThe domain of investment law and environmental law is similar. In fact, if there is not environment and its components insist of air, soil and water there will not be any investment, production, accumulation of capital and consumption. Therefore, everyone with every role should act in the process of maintaining and upbringing the environment, in which the role of the prominent investors is highlighted. Today, it has been specified by all countries that their entry into the competitive international trade market and the promotion of the welfare of society and security in all its dimensions require the attraction of foreign investment.Many countries that want to attract more and more capital into their country are adopting laws which encourages investors to be present in that country, on the other hand, will end the environment in the long run. Transnational corporations also tend to invest in country that are more environmentally easier. In the meantime, it should be seen with a prospect that the only major inflow of capital would not be generating public benefit but the presence of capital with proper and management consumption and the protection of the environment, which fulfills national and global interests.The question of present research is how can besides governments and international organizations, be considered internationally responsibility such as foreign investors in the event of environmental degradation. It is assumed that in the event of environmental degradation, even the consent country investable would be an international liability to investor. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Study and Resolution of Legal Obstacles for Foreign Investment in Iran’s Real Estate
Ahmad Shams jamshid nourshargh Alireza MosadeghEconomic globalization has resulted in an increased competition between the countries to improve their economic indexes. Analyses performed by prominent economists indicated that foreign investment is one of the most sustainable and reliable resources for the economic i MoreEconomic globalization has resulted in an increased competition between the countries to improve their economic indexes. Analyses performed by prominent economists indicated that foreign investment is one of the most sustainable and reliable resources for the economic infrastructure development and production potential enhancement, which can alleviate the economic problems caused by shortcoming of domestic investment resources. The significant role of Iran’s real estate market in investment stability and preservation of property value that emerged from the socio - economic and legal texture of the country, as well as the considerable population growth that resulted in a profitable real estate investment, have drawn the attention of the foreign investors to Iran’s real estate market. Recent manuscripts have investigated the legal obstacles for foreign investment by individuals and legal entities in Iran’s real estate based upon Islamic Jurisprudence, national security, and legal references, subsequently, verified practical and realistic solutions to the aforementioned predicament. Research Approach:This manuscript is compiled using library and electronic resources, scientific and research manuscripts, and technical papers; the research approach is analytical-descriptive. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Institutional Policy of Foreign Investment in the Framework of Multilateral and Regional Investment Treaties
Mostafa Heidari Haratemeh Vahid Araei seyed mahmod eslamiThe present study, using the data of 22 countries in the period from 2011 to 2021, examined the approach of multilateral and regional investment treaties and its effect on foreign investment through an Gravity model. It also assesses the interaction between bilateral in MoreThe present study, using the data of 22 countries in the period from 2011 to 2021, examined the approach of multilateral and regional investment treaties and its effect on foreign investment through an Gravity model. It also assesses the interaction between bilateral investment treaties and host country institutions and how this relationship differs between developed-developing partners and developing-developing partners. The results showed: a) The effect of control variables of large market and common language in all models is positive and significant, but the effect of distance variable is negative and significant. The population variables of the host country and the neighborhood, except for the pair of developing countries, are not significant determinants for the flow of foreign direct investment. Bilateral investment treaties are positive and significant in all models, but between developing countries, they have a greater impact on foreign direct investment. b) By adding the variables of institutional quality, the colonial relationship and the dummy variable free trade agreement, to the model, by Conclusion a bilateral investment treaty, the host country provides foreign investors with a foreign institutional framework that reliably commits to protect their investment better than domestic institutions can. In this case, they are substitutes and a negative relationship is expected. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The role of good government and human resource in attracting direct foreign investment and economical growth (a selection of developing countries)
Kianosh Mansoor Lakoraj sadegh Bakhttiari sara ghobadiInvestment is one of basic necessity of economical growth for each country. Non-economicalfactors such as , the sort of government and its quality and competency of human resource areeffective in economic growth and direct foreign investment. Foreign direct investment i MoreInvestment is one of basic necessity of economical growth for each country. Non-economicalfactors such as , the sort of government and its quality and competency of human resource areeffective in economic growth and direct foreign investment. Foreign direct investment is one ofthe most important factors in economic growth and development in most countries in the world.The main aim of this study is the investigating role of good government and human capital inattracting the direct foreign investment and economic growth in a group of selected developingcountry with panel data and extracted data from world Bank during interval of 1990-2018,byusing the systemic generalized method of moments(GMM).The result of models estimation of the study showed that the direct foreign investment and human capital and the factor of government have positive and significant effect on economic growth in developing country. Therefore it can be said the human capital and factor of good government in attracting direct foreign investment and improving economic growth have effective roles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - An overview of contractual methods of financing energy projects with emphasis on Project revenues
sadegh abdi mohammad amin salarianChoosing the best method for implementing infrastructure projects is always the main concern of governments, especially the governments of developing. One of the main issues in the field of oil projects is the supply of capital for these projects. According to the inter MoreChoosing the best method for implementing infrastructure projects is always the main concern of governments, especially the governments of developing. One of the main issues in the field of oil projects is the supply of capital for these projects. According to the international oil companies and national oil companies, how and in what way will attempt the funds required for the implementation of oil projects, Outcome and financial effects also, consequently, will be different. Up to now, various methods have been implemented for this purpose. In general, financing is divided into two parts: Corporate financing and project financing. In This paper is paid to examine the contractual terms of financing a project looking at the oil and gas industry as well as a quick look at the Foreign Investment Promotion and Protection Act (FIPPA) and its implementing regulations to attract foreign investment for projects in the country Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Fuzzy Multi Criteria Decision Making Model for Prioritizing the Investment Methods in Technology Transfer in Shipping Industries
Reza RadfarThis study aims to identifying and prioritizing various foreign investment methods for technology transferring in ship making industry based on a Fuzzy multi criteria decision making approach. Studying different foreign investment methods and the effective factrs on pri MoreThis study aims to identifying and prioritizing various foreign investment methods for technology transferring in ship making industry based on a Fuzzy multi criteria decision making approach. Studying different foreign investment methods and the effective factrs on prioritizing of the methods and using the sample judging, this study considered the viewpoints of managers and experts familiar with foreign investment issues in Iran's ship making industry. The Fuzzy TOPSIS method has been used to analyze the collected data. The results showed that among various foreign investment methods, the joint venture and the subsidiary company are of highest and lowest priorities, respectively Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The Impact of Policies on Attracting Foreign Investors on the Development of Economy and International Relations of Iran
Seyed Azim Hossini Hamid Pishgah hadianThe purpose of the present study is to review and determine the policies and obstacles of attracting foreign investors to achieve the aim of development in the Islamic Republic of Iran in different political, social, and economic aspects by creating a secure economic at MoreThe purpose of the present study is to review and determine the policies and obstacles of attracting foreign investors to achieve the aim of development in the Islamic Republic of Iran in different political, social, and economic aspects by creating a secure economic atmosphere and expanding diplomatic relations for localizing technology and promoting business. In this regard, a descriptive-analytical method was used to deal with this main question: what is the impact of recognizing drawbacks in Iran's policies about attracting foreign investors on the development of economy and expansion of diplomatic relations? The results showed that undoubtedly, economic security is one of the most basic requirements for sustainable development in developed or developing countries like Iran for attracting foreign investors and substantiation of resistive economy, adopting some policies for economic growth, increasing job opportunities, acquiring and expanding technology and administrative skills, and promoting the quality of production and the export potential of the country for making international relations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - The Obstacles to Iran's Permanent Membership in the World Trade Organization
Iman Pak Sima Seyed Bagher Mir Abbasi Mohammad Sadeghi Seyed Taha Mousavi MirkalaiThe aim of the present research is to examine the obstacles existing in Iran's laws for accepting commitments to the World Trade Organization (WTO). The research method is descriptive-analytical, and the results indicate that Iran's problems in joining the WTO stem from MoreThe aim of the present research is to examine the obstacles existing in Iran's laws for accepting commitments to the World Trade Organization (WTO). The research method is descriptive-analytical, and the results indicate that Iran's problems in joining the WTO stem from both internal and external factors. Apart from the current problems and instabilities prevailing in Iran's economy, some domestic laws also fail to align with WTO regulations. For instance, Article 44 of the Constitution, which enforces state ownership and monopolies in significant sectors such as industries, mines, banking, radio and television, shipping, aviation, etc., underscores the overbearing presence of government and semi-government entities in the economy, while relegating the private sector to a marginalized role in economic activities. Furthermore, due to the absence of a single exchange rate, regulations related to foreign insurances, insufficient support for foreign investment in Iran and high import tariffs, some other domestic laws not only fail to conform to WTO regulations but also contradict them significantly. In Iran, due to access to foreign currency resources derived from oil exports, the foreign trade sector has not developed properly and proportionately to the needs, resulting in various problems. The emergence of these issues and the potential decrease in oil export revenues in the future underscore the significance of the foreign trade sector and its presence in global markets. Therefore, increasing production, enhancing export capabilities and competitiveness on a global scale, and benefiting from the facilities of the WTO are raised as necessities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - A Study of the Security Consequences of Attracting Foreign Direct Investment to the Islamic Republic of Iran
Shahram Saadatmand Hosein Ahmadi Masoud HemmatThe purpose of the present research is to study security consequences of attracting foreign direct investment to the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method is descriptive-analytic and it emphasizes on the hypothesis that in addition to the advantages of attractin MoreThe purpose of the present research is to study security consequences of attracting foreign direct investment to the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method is descriptive-analytic and it emphasizes on the hypothesis that in addition to the advantages of attracting foreign direct investment to the country, the security consequences of this issue are among some of the most effective factors on how much foreign direct investments are attracted to the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research results reveal that efficient management and accurate planning by the executive organizations and the economic diplomacy in the country would moderate security concerns and thus attracting foreign direct investment can foster national security and solidarity in the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Survey of International Obstacles to Foreign Investment in the Islamic Republic of Iran and to push off (2010s)
Shahram Saadatmand Hossein Ahmadi Masoud HemmatThe attraction of foreign investments is one of the most important tools for gaining international financial recourses in most states. International obstacles have created some restrictions for the attraction of Foreign Investment in Iran. The purpose of this article is MoreThe attraction of foreign investments is one of the most important tools for gaining international financial recourses in most states. International obstacles have created some restrictions for the attraction of Foreign Investment in Iran. The purpose of this article is to examine the international obstacles for the attraction of foreign investment in the country in 2010s. The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical. The collecting tool of data is library studies and statistics. The research hypothesis emphasizes that sanctions imposed by the USA, have been among the most important international obstacles to reducing the number of foreign investments in Iran. The results show that the USA aimed at containment to Iran through the imposition of sanctions and obstacles to foreign investment, especially in the last decade, has reduced the amount of attraction rate of foreign investment in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Assessing the Opportunities and Challenges of Attracting Foreign Investment in the Iranian Economy; Emphasizing the Nuclear Deal
sadagh babakan maghsod ranjbar mahdi motharniaForeign investment due to lack of domestic financial resources or its inefficiency in developing countries is the engine of economic and social development of these societies, including Iran. In the early 21st century, the economic situation in Iran has made it necessar MoreForeign investment due to lack of domestic financial resources or its inefficiency in developing countries is the engine of economic and social development of these societies, including Iran. In the early 21st century, the economic situation in Iran has made it necessary to attract foreign financial resources. The main question of this research is to study the effects of the nuclear agreement on the inflow of foreign investment in Iran. The nuclear deal aroused the interest of capitalists and foreign companies in Iran. It provided psychological grounds for investing in Iran, especially in the oil and automobile industries. However, due to structural challenges, especially the shaky US approach, the independence of capitalists in the world from governments, and internal problems such as the non-acceptance of FATF and domestic law in Iran, this investment failed in practice Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Analysis of Challenges and Opportunities for Foreign Investment in East Azerbaijan Province Based on Social Capital Variable from the Perspective of Economic Sociology
Karim Yazdani Hojagan Hosein Dehgan Talieh KhademiyanThis study aims to investigate the opportunities and challenges of foreign investment in East Azerbaijan province with emphasis on the two business districts of Tabriz and Jolfa. The research method was survey and a questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistica MoreThis study aims to investigate the opportunities and challenges of foreign investment in East Azerbaijan province with emphasis on the two business districts of Tabriz and Jolfa. The research method was survey and a questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical population was managers of foreign investments and foreign investors in the cities of Tabriz and Jolfa. The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula and 429 people were selected by stratified sampling method. According to the findings, the identified challenges of foreign investment in Tabriz and Jolfa regions included administrative bureaucracy, lack of optimal executive plans, inconsistencies in executive plans, lack of consensus and empathy between officials and lengthy investment process. Foreign investment opportunities included greater profitability, lower production costs, better marketing, better access to workers, and the ability to compete more with the host country's products. Findings showed that there is a significant direct correlation between the variables of social capital with the three dimensions of participation, trust and social cohesion and foreign investment (r = 0.55). Also, the study of the effect of social capital on foreign investment showed that social capital has an effect of 0.46 on foreign investment. Conflict of interest: According to the authors, the article did not have any conflict of interest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Survey of international capacities and restrictions on attracting Foreign Investment in the Islamic Republic of Iran (1390s)
Shahram Saadatmand Hosein Ahmadi , masoud hemmatToday, in international relations, attracting foreign investment is one of the most important tools for gaining the international financial resoures in most countries, including the Islamic Republic of Iran. The existence of some international capacities or restrictions MoreToday, in international relations, attracting foreign investment is one of the most important tools for gaining the international financial resoures in most countries, including the Islamic Republic of Iran. The existence of some international capacities or restrictions in each country will always have important effects on the inflow of foreign investment.The important queston of Article is “How international limitations influence on attracting foreign investment and wich are increas investment opportunaties for Iran? The purpose of this study is to identify and introduce the important international capacities and limitations of attracting foreign investment, especially in the 1390s Hijri Solar of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical and the collection tool is library and statistical studies. The research hypothesis emphasizes that from an international perspective, the political and economic sanctions imposed by the United States on our country have been among the most important international restrictions on attracting foreign investment in Iran. The results show that how to use the potential of economic cooperation and investment with some countries and the economic potential of Iranians living abroad can increase the amount of foreign investment and subsequently overcome international constraints for the Islamic Republic of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Globalization and the North-South Relations (Text in Persian)
Samad Kalantari Abdolrassuoul KhaliliGlobalization is a process which has taken place in the past decade and the world community is moving in that direction. This process is taking place in social، political، cultural and technological arena particularly it is expanding in the field of economy. Many thinke MoreGlobalization is a process which has taken place in the past decade and the world community is moving in that direction. This process is taking place in social، political، cultural and technological arena particularly it is expanding in the field of economy. Many thinkers believe that the first move for globalization started in nineteen century. There was considerable increase in the volume of trade during 1870 till 1914 and some called this period the "golden period of economic integration" but later development slowed down this process. These developments were opposition to free trade by national producers، First World War، the Great Recession of 1929-1934 and the tendency of the governments to have independent economic policies. The main aspect of globalization of economy is the process of integration and dependence in different countries. It is in this framework that the North-South relations are discussed. Two important factors of globalization which have direct relations with each other are world target market and the problem of nation-states. The international competition transcends the national boundaries and they become like glass walls which one can see through them. In other words the advances in information technology and communication lead to integration and similarity of pattern of behavior، consumption، way of life and culture among the people of the world. Globalization also includes and affects the relations among political، economic and social units and wide range of interaction among them. Thus the process of globalization of economy has directed the orientation of national economies towards world economy and the activities which were formulated within national framework now are decided on world basis according to need of world markets. It is in this process that the future and the fate of the North and the South countries are tied together. The present article in the light of theoretical framework of globalization and with emphasis on globalization of political economy identifies the opportunities، the deterrent factors and the threats to the growth and development of the world. A world which is called the North-South. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - بررسی چالش های سرمایه گذاری خارجی در شرکت کشت و صنعت شهید رجایی
سحر دهیوری آزیتا زند معصومه عارفیشرکت شهید رجایی یک کشت و صنعت با پتانسیل بسیار بالا برای تولید محصولات کشاورزی در منطقه خوزستان است. در این پژوهش به بررسی چالش­ها و عوامل بازدارنده سرمایه گذاری خارجی در این کشت و صنعت، به منظور آگاهی از تأثیر چالش­های استخراج شده از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی (شامل چ Moreشرکت شهید رجایی یک کشت و صنعت با پتانسیل بسیار بالا برای تولید محصولات کشاورزی در منطقه خوزستان است. در این پژوهش به بررسی چالش­ها و عوامل بازدارنده سرمایه گذاری خارجی در این کشت و صنعت، به منظور آگاهی از تأثیر چالش­های استخراج شده از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی (شامل چالش­های فنی، اقتصادی، زیرساختی، اجتماعی- فرهنگی، سیاستی) بر روی سطح سرمایه گذاری خارجی و تحلیل رگرسیون متغیرها انجام شد. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده می­توان گفت از میان متغیرهای مستقلی که بر متغیر وابسته سطح سرمایه­گذاری خارجی در کشت و صنعت شهید رجایی نقش بسزایی داشته­اند، سه متغیر عامل سیاست، عامل فنی و عامل زیرساخت مهم­ترین هستند. متغیرهای مستقل تحقیق 5/53 درصد از تغییرات متغیر وابسته تحقیق را (سطح سرمایه­گذاری خارجی در ادغام کشت و صنعت شهید رجایی) تبیین کردند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - The Impact of Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ Policy-Making on Attracting Foreign Investment during the Presidency of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (2005-2013)
Ali Maleki Mohammad Hassan Shaykh al-Eslami Mohammad Reza Dehshiri Mohammad Reza Ghaedi -
Open Access Article
22 - Annulment of International Arbitration Awards in the Light of foreign Investment Law
Tannaz Koohpaie Mohsen Mohebbi Saeed Mansouri -
Open Access Article
23 - Jurisprudential study of foreign investment and the environment and their legal relations with each other
seyed sajjad khaloei tafti reza aqaabbasi reza shamsiBackground and Aim: In this research, the aim and goal is to refer to the permissibility of foreign investment activities and non-destruction of the environment according to the jurisprudential and Islamic rules; The effect of foreign investment in the destruction of th MoreBackground and Aim: In this research, the aim and goal is to refer to the permissibility of foreign investment activities and non-destruction of the environment according to the jurisprudential and Islamic rules; The effect of foreign investment in the destruction of the environment, which is contrary to the jurisprudential and religious principles of our country should also be addressed; Therefore, it is necessary to conduct this research to provide the necessary legal solutions to reduce and eliminate the negative effects of foreign investment on the environment, so that an effective step can be taken to manage foreign investment while maintaining environmental considerations.Method: In this research, analytical and descriptive methods have been used.Findings and Results: Considering the importance of foreign investment and its impact on the environment in recent decades, we decided to first examine the position of Islamic law on foreign investment and developments in the environment with reference to jurisprudential sources and then Explain and analyze the impact of foreign investment on environmental degradation and the proposed solutions in order to take an effective step towards balancing the environment and the flow of foreign investment according to the jurisprudential and legal principles for our country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - پیچیدگی صادرات غیر نفتی و سرمایه گذاری مستقیم خارجی )مطالعه موردی کشورهای درحال توسعه با تاکید بر ایران
مهدی تقوی یوسف حسن پور کار سالاری -
Open Access Article
25 - Factors Affecting FDI Flows into in Developing Countries
Nazi Mohammadzadeh Asl Azarakhsh Sabri Baghaee Mahmoud Reza Modir rostaThis article reviews the importance of foreign direct investment and examines factors affecting its flow into developing countries A Panel Data technique is employed to estimate the empirical models to explain the relevant factors affecting the FDI into developing count MoreThis article reviews the importance of foreign direct investment and examines factors affecting its flow into developing countries A Panel Data technique is employed to estimate the empirical models to explain the relevant factors affecting the FDI into developing countries. Time span covers 1994-7442 for 77 developing countries. The results indicate that factors such as interest rate, domestic investment, size of government growth in foreign exchange earnings and socieconomic condition of the countries are the most important variables affecting the FDI into developing countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Feasibility of applying the arbitration mechanism to settle lawsuits caused by acts that disrupt foreign investment.
mahmoud Qomshal Ahmad Moradkhani Seyed mehdi MirdadashiForeign investment is one of the most important ways of transferring liquidity and technology from developed countries to developing countries, which has been the focus of many statesmen and policymakers in recent decades. One of the most important measures in order to MoreForeign investment is one of the most important ways of transferring liquidity and technology from developed countries to developing countries, which has been the focus of many statesmen and policymakers in recent decades. One of the most important measures in order to optimally support the foreign investment process is to foresee appropriate legal mechanisms and especially arbitration in order to resolve disputes and lawsuits arising from it. Considering the perpetration of acts and procedures that disrupt foreign investment in every country as an undeniable fact, in this research, with a descriptive-analytical method, the feasibility of implementing the arbitration mechanism for the settlement of claims resulting from acts that disrupt foreign investment Been paid. The findings indicate that there are serious obstacles in Iran's current legal system regarding the referral of claims resulting from double taxation and the occurrence of economic corruption (in the form of violations) as the most important examples of acts that disrupt foreign investment. , 125 and 139 of the Constitution is one of the most important of them. The current situation requires that, if possible, reinterpretation of the above-mentioned principles should be carried out according to the current conditions and the upcoming needs on the part of the relevant interpretive institutions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - The legitimacy of the expropriation of the foreign investors; an investigation to Iran and international law
Mohammad Sadegh TeimooriInternational customary law apparently provides a set of specific, known and established principles to control the legal actions of expropriation of foreign investors. Expropriation of property from foreigners can also lead to the creation of international responsibilit MoreInternational customary law apparently provides a set of specific, known and established principles to control the legal actions of expropriation of foreign investors. Expropriation of property from foreigners can also lead to the creation of international responsibility for the expropriating government; Unless this work is done based on special conditions, i.e. public interest and in a non-discriminatory manner, and in exchange for compensation. This compensation must be fair, immediate and complete. Considering the vagueness of each of the above three terms and the lack of a clear definition of them on the one hand, as well as providing a precise framework on the other hand, the current practice of international arbitration authorities considers case study to be the best tool in resolving disputes arising from foreign investment expropriation claims. Our attempt in this research will be to examine each of these conditions in the domestic legal system, international documents, and especially the perception of each of them by arbitration authorities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Economics, Economic Diplomacy, and Preferential Agreements
Ali Adibi Tavakol Habibzadeh۱۰۵۴/۵۰۰۰ Given the special situation that the Islamic Republic has faced since its inception and the various economic sanctions imposed in this period, various measures have been taken to respond to the rules on investment and capital attraction. Among these measures, More۱۰۵۴/۵۰۰۰ Given the special situation that the Islamic Republic has faced since its inception and the various economic sanctions imposed in this period, various measures have been taken to respond to the rules on investment and capital attraction. Among these measures, the economy of resistance is in the executive order of the executive governments. But this plan has not only been restored to its place, but misunderstandings in this field have put their aim in another direction. On the other hand, economic diplomacy, which is now undergoing political diplomacy, is trying to create an environment suitable for attracting foreign investors and capital. Perhaps the preferential agreements are uncontested and the nature of economic diplomacy, but with the components of the resistance economy as well as the expansion of regional trade exchanges, on the one hand, and the approval of investment facilitation regulations, positive results can be drawn. It was achieved in this field. However, this paper seeks to explain and analyze the feasibility of the components of a resilient economy, with economic diplomacy to dominate regional trade and the gradual liberalization of the country's economy along with comprehensive regulations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - New Multi-National Companies and Developing South
Saeed MirtorabiThe role of multi-national companies on global capitalization and trade is a familiar phenomenon for developing issues and knowledgeable ones and international trade experts. The positive and negative effects of these companies’ activities on the current of develo MoreThe role of multi-national companies on global capitalization and trade is a familiar phenomenon for developing issues and knowledgeable ones and international trade experts. The positive and negative effects of these companies’ activities on the current of developing in south have been focused by various intellectual ones and an extensive literature in this field has been produced. Nevertheless, has seen a new and growing kind of direct foreign investment that its origin is south countries and along this, a new kind of multi-national companies have been appeared that are named new multi-national companies. This paper is trying to examine the effects of these new players’ activities on the development view in south. This paper shows that the new multi-national companies have significant differences to western multi-national companies and the rise and developing activity area of these companies, from different aspects, is considered a positive change on the current of developing south low-paid countries. The main claim of this paper that is presented as a hypothesis is the new multinational companies in total have positive impact on the opportunities of attracting foreign investment as a result developing in south countries for increasing the volume of foreign investments in the world, giving variety to the methods of interesting and having more cultural similarities to south countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Diplomatic Development of Qatar; from Conservative Neutrality to Smart Penetration
Behnam SarkheyilIn coordination with new phenomena and changes, dipiomaey also has involved changes and the international actors, in regard to adopting themselves with future conditions, use the novel perspectives of diplomacy to creat opportunities and change them to useful situations MoreIn coordination with new phenomena and changes, dipiomaey also has involved changes and the international actors, in regard to adopting themselves with future conditions, use the novel perspectives of diplomacy to creat opportunities and change them to useful situations. From this view, as much as the concept of diplomacy and its related subsystems are to be more comprehensive, the foreign policy of governments will be more effective. Thus, studying, recognizing and explaining diplomatic movements of other active actors such as Qatar governemet (which inspite of having no some relative components of power such as population and land extent) is one of the important methods to realize the international interactions. The main question of present article is studying the behavioristic obligations, novel diplomatic ways and necessaties of Qatare government and which diplomatic approach has been considered by Duha to act as effectively as possible. The hypothesis of this research is the effective use of new diplomatic domains such as economic, educational, mass media and mediative diplomacy, additionally, programs like importing external capital, facilitating business, developing tourism, getting access to modern science and technology, international imagery by Qatar govenement. The research method is of a descriptive- analytic and qualitative type. Manuscript profile
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