Distributive

Open Access Article

1 - Designing an Effective Organizational Justice Model for Iranian Public Organizations
Gh. Memarzadeh R. Khodaeimahmoodi

In the rapidly changing work life, organizational justice may become increasing important toemployees and managers. The purpose of this article is design an effective organizational justicemodel for Iranian public organizations. For design conceptual mode, first anteced More

In the rapidly changing work life, organizational justice may become increasing important toemployees and managers. The purpose of this article is design an effective organizational justicemodel for Iranian public organizations. For design conceptual mode, first antecedents andconsequences of organizational justice was identified. There for this study examined the impact oforganizational justice on organizational commitment, trust, OCB, turnover intentions and jobsatisfaction also the impact of organizational climate on organizational justice was examined. And themodel was evaluated using structural equation modeling(SEM). The study also indicated empiricalevidence of different perception of organizational justice and its dimensions in four kinds of publicorganizations(exteractional, distributive, regulational and symbolic organizations) . The result of thisresearch show that Organizational justice in extractional organizations is higher than otherorganizations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Effective conditions and factors on tax policies implementation
G. Memarzade H. Taherpour Kalantari

For finding effective factors on implementation of tax policies, approved by parliament, first, inconsideration to theory bases, researcher fined 36 variables. Based on these variables, a questionnaire with167 questions was provided. In consideration with 233 tax rules, More

For finding effective factors on implementation of tax policies, approved by parliament, first, inconsideration to theory bases, researcher fined 36 variables. Based on these variables, a questionnaire with167 questions was provided. In consideration with 233 tax rules, 350 auditors and chief auditors of TaxOrganization of Tehran (sample size), implementing tax rules, answered the questions. Using of Varimaxmethod of Factor Analysis, 167 questions was formed 12 factors: 1) transparency of tax rules and policies, 2)organizational leadership and attention to community culture and participation in policy making, 3) social –political conditions and people support, 4) importance of implementing organization for other organizationsand constitutions, 5) commitment of implementing organizations and their management to policyimplementation, 6) attitude of personnel of implementing organization, 7) cooperation and consentienceclimate in organization, 8) tendency and motivation of personnel of implementing organization, 9) diversityof taxpayers and dependent organizations, 10) time limitation and guaranty of implementation, 11) economicconditions, and 12) knowledge of personnel of implementing organization. Variance of these factors was49/7. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The Effect of Moral Leadership on Employees' Psychological Empowerment with Regard to Mediating Role of Employees Perceived Justice (case study: employees of Isfahan university)
Enayatollah Najibzadeh Hamid Reza Boustani Hamed derakhshideh

The aim of this study is investigate the effect of moral leadership on employees' psychological empowerment through the impact of organizational justice among employees of Isfahan University. In this research, moral leadership is as the independent variable, psychologic More

The aim of this study is investigate the effect of moral leadership on employees' psychological empowerment through the impact of organizational justice among employees of Isfahan University. In this research, moral leadership is as the independent variable, psychological empowerment is as the dependent variable and dimensions of organizational justice is as a mediator. Questionnaire reliability was confirmed by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, content validity was confirmed by using the experts familiar with the research subject and its construct validity was confirmed by using the structural equation modeling. Statistical population in this study includes all employees of Isfahan University. Data collection was conducted by random sampling. After extracting the data related to mentioned group responses and pre-estimate, variance of statistical sample size was estimated 220 people by using the Cochran formula randomly. Also, to determine the correlation and data analysis has been used the SPSS and PLS software. The results of the data analysis leads to confirm the all of research hypotheses: Ethical leadership have a significant and positive effect on psychological empowerment; ethical leadership have a significant and positive effect on distributive justice; Ethical leadership have a significant and positive effect on procedural justice; ethical leadership have a significant and positive effect on interactional justice; distributive justice have a significant and positive effect on psychological empowerment; procedural justice have a significant and positive effect on psychological empowerment; interactional justice have a significant and positive effect on psychological empowerment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Examining the Relationship between Social Welfare and Life Satisfaction (Case of Study: Citizens of Kashan City in 2015)
Mohsen Niazi Mohammad Ganji Fahimeh Namvar Moghadam Fatemeh Torenjipoor

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Open Access Article

5 - Staff Role in Encouraging Customer Citizenship Behaviors (Subject of the Study: Tejarat Bank, Top Branches in Tehran)
K. Hamdi N. Karami

The current research aims to assess the impact of personal role of service employees on encouraging the customer citizenship behaviors in the best branches of Tejarat Bank. The sample size of this research comprises 499 participants that are chosen by cluster sampling m More

The current research aims to assess the impact of personal role of service employees on encouraging the customer citizenship behaviors in the best branches of Tejarat Bank. The sample size of this research comprises 499 participants that are chosen by cluster sampling method. The data are gathered using quantitative research method and questionnaire and analyzed with the help of structural equitation modeling. Based on previous studies, in order to evaluate the customer citizenship behaviors, 6 variables were derived namely: credibility of service worker” “benevolence of service worker ,“commitment to the service worker”,” Personal loyalty to the service worker”,”interactional justice”,”distributive justice” The results indicate that the employees have critical role in stimulating the citizenship behaviors of customers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Studying the Effects of Religiousness and Political Orientation on Justice Feeling among Iranian Citizens Regarding Iranian Government´s Welfare Development Plans
Meisam Hasheminiya Rahmatollah Amirahmadi Hossein Abolhassan Tanhaei

The present research aimed at studying the effects of religiousness and political orientation on justice feeling among Iranian citizens regarding Iranian government´s welfare plans. This perspective is important because the political sovereignty of Iran with an insepara More

The present research aimed at studying the effects of religiousness and political orientation on justice feeling among Iranian citizens regarding Iranian government´s welfare plans. This perspective is important because the political sovereignty of Iran with an inseparable tie with religion tries to have a different attitude towards social welfare and justice based on religious concepts. The present research framework was developed based on the theories of criticizing the government of welfare and Bourdieu´s theory. The present research was carried out by survey method and using questionnaire administered among Khoramabad citizens in 2021. The research sampling was designed through integrating cluster sampling and disproportionate stratified sampling with 400 as the sample volume. The results showed that Khorramabad citizens have not an equal attitude towards Iranian governments´ social welfare plans. Regarding the three previous governments, Khoramabad citizens assessed welfare plans of Khatami´s government as higher than that of Rohani´s government. Regarding their hope for the next government´s welfare plans, majority of the population predict the same or worse conditions. The research results showed that their commitment towards religious rituals and political orientations have effects on their assessment of a government´s welfare plans, i.e., the individuals with fundamentalist orientation and religious believes assess plans for distributive justice higher. The results also showed that priorities in the individuals´ orientation or attitude resulted in accepting or rejecting governmental institutions in their minds; moreover, the individuals assess securing the social needs and distributive justice in the governments´ welfare plans as biased for or against them. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Study of the Impact of the Feeling of Social Justice on the Rate of Electoral Participation (Case study of Mazandaran province in 2020)
ab asgtiani مجید رادفر aboalghasem heidarabadi

10.30495/jisds.2021.18996

Political participation and the presence of the people in elections are one of the most important legitimizing factors for different political systems. Numerous factors can affect the participation of the electorate and affect its performance. One of these factors is so More

Political participation and the presence of the people in elections are one of the most important legitimizing factors for different political systems. Numerous factors can affect the participation of the electorate and affect its performance. One of these factors is social justice. Therefore, the research was conducted with the aim of influencing social justice on electoral participation. The research method was survey and the information was collected using the questionnaire. The statistical population included people over 15 years of age in the cities of Mazandaran province. The sampling method for multi-stage clusters and sample size is 384 according to Cochran's formula.The results show that the average electoral turnout is too moderate and equal to 2.34. There is a positive and direct relationship between social justice and electoral turnout with a correlation of 0.522. As social justice increases, so does electoral participation. We can also see a positive relationship between the components of social justice and electoral participation. Among the dimensions of social justice, the distributive justice dimension has the most correlation with electoral participation. The result is that in order to increase the electoral participation among the citizens of Mazandaran, special attention should be paid to social justice and its dimensions, and most importantly, distributive justice, and conditions should be provided for increasing distributive justice in society. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Predicting Arak Citizens Social Happiness Based on Social Justice in 2019
Javad Atabaki Maryam yar mohammad tooski Farhad Imam Juma

10.30495/jisds.2023.74812.11933

 Today, social justice is one of the most important needs of human societies. It has also beenintroduced as one of the parameters for social development, because citizens to achieve desirable life conditionsin their society need social justice. The present research More

 Today, social justice is one of the most important needs of human societies. It has also beenintroduced as one of the parameters for social development, because citizens to achieve desirable life conditionsin their society need social justice. The present research objective is to study social justice role in providingsocial happiness of Arak citizens in 2010. Regarding objective, data gathering method, and data nature, thepresent research is an applied one, descriptive of correlation and survey type, and quantitave respectively. Thestatistical population is consisted of Arak 15-64-year old citizens in 2009. The statistical sample was determinedto include 400 individuals based on Morgan table of sampling. The results showed that social justice explainssignificantly 63% of individual happiness and collective happiness; distributive justice explains significantly69% of social happiness. Moreover, interactional justice, gender justice, judicial justice, and biological justiceexplain significantly 45%, 37%, 49%, and 41% of social happiness of Arak citizens, respectively. Happy citizensis of requirements for a society to achieve development and humanly causes. To improve their happiness, thereshould be a promising atmosphere in a society 's structure, and social justice is one of important instruments tothis end.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Sociological analysis of the social joustic relation with social trust (Case study: Shiraz citizens)
امیر مختار اسکندری فرد اکبر زارع شاه آبادی مهدی نیک عهد

10.30495/jisds.2007.21199

Social Trust as one of the dimensions of social capital is important rol in modern societies. Social Justice as well as one of the features of considered developed. The aim of this research is the study of effective social joustic on social trust among Shiraz citizens. More

Social Trust as one of the dimensions of social capital is important rol in modern societies. Social Justice as well as one of the features of considered developed. The aim of this research is the study of effective social joustic on social trust among Shiraz citizens. The methods of research was survey and main gathering data technique in this research was questionnaire with sufficient validity and reliability and the sample were 384 shiraz citizens that selected in clustering sample method. The resuts of Pearson test showed there is a meaning ful relationship between social jousticdemens with social trust.between these demens Procedural Justice has more relate with 0/39 with trust. And Distributive Justice with 0/35 and information justicewith 0/30 have significant relation with trust. Finally interpersonal justices with 0/17 has The lowest relate with trust. But results of modeling showed in justice dimens, just there is significant associated between Distributive Justice with standard coefficient 0/697 and information justice with 0/447 and interpersonal justices with 0/259, with trust. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - A sociological survey about effective social factors on job satisfaction (A case study of Tehran`s railway personnel)
Seyed Mohammad Sadegh Mahdavi Tisapeh Asadi

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Open Access Article

11 - The Sociological Analysis of Social Justice Relationship with Social Trust (Case of Study: Shiraz Citizens)
Akbar Zare Shahabadi Amirmokhtar Eskandarifard Mehdi Nikahd

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Open Access Article

12 - Social Justice and Spatiale equity; An investignation and theoritical comparing of John Rowls and David Harvey
حسین Hataminezhad عمران Rasti

The Justice as a popular and interested concept has been among a few conceptsthat are already debated by philosophers and social economic elites and there havebeen various theories about social justice. John Rawls is one of the famous politicalphilosophers in 20th centu More

The Justice as a popular and interested concept has been among a few conceptsthat are already debated by philosophers and social economic elites and there havebeen various theories about social justice. John Rawls is one of the famous politicalphilosophers in 20th century and David Harvey is most outstanding geographer insecond half of 20th century too. They have many philosophic approaches and articlesabout social Justice and spatial equity. This paper is going to investigate justiceconcept from point of their views and represent their common and differentiationviews. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - The Effect of Management Control System on Unethical Behaviors
Seyed Hossein Ahmadi Langari Mansour Garkaz

The purpose of the present research is to review the effect of management control system (MCS) on unethical behaviors. The current study aims to validate the theoretical model of the study of Langevin and Mendoza (2012) and also theoretically test the hypothesis formula More

The purpose of the present research is to review the effect of management control system (MCS) on unethical behaviors. The current study aims to validate the theoretical model of the study of Langevin and Mendoza (2012) and also theoretically test the hypothesis formulated by the authors, although not experimentally tested yet. Therefore, the following research question is explored in the present study: Which aspects of MCS presented by Langevin and Mendoza (20102) increase organizational justice and decrease unethical behaviors of managers? In this regard, a questionnaire was distributed among the senior and middle managers of active corporations in the stock exchange from April 2021 to May 2021. According to a survey research plan including a questionnaire from Louisiana Klein et al., completed by 114 participants, the relationship between research variables and the hypothesis presented by Langevin and Mendoza (2012) was reviewed and the data was analyzed using PLS Smart software/version 3. The results obtained from modeling the structural equations show that participation in setting the goals can increase perception of procedural justice; it means that participation in setting fair purposes is taken into account but this issue does not have a close relation to the managers’ reward. Thus, ignoring uncontrolled aspects by the managers in performance assessment does not lead to the perception of procedural and distributive justice. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - The Relationship Between Job Characteristiscs and Organizational Justice Dimensions with Job Alienation
Leila Sharafi Ali Mehdad Amin Fazel

The main purpose of this study was to study the relationship between job characteristics and perceived organizational justice with job alienation. Research method was descriptive correlational and the statistical population included all employees of a large industrial More

The main purpose of this study was to study the relationship between job characteristics and perceived organizational justice with job alienation. Research method was descriptive correlational and the statistical population included all employees of a large industrial factory, from whom 349 persons, were selected via stratified random sampling selection. In this research a set of questionnaires consisting of Job Characteristics (Hackman and Oldham, 1976), perceived organizational justice (Neihoff, Moorman, 1993) and Job Alienation (Boeree, 2001) was used. Data were analyzed with use of multiple regression analysis and the results showed that the perceived relational justice ( β 170 . 0- =, p≤0.01) and feedback ( β= 0.051 12Pâ‰¤0.05'> ) were able significantly to predict job alienation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - The Relationship between Interpersonal Trusts,Forgiveness, Self-Efficacy and Religiosity with Procedural and Distributive Beliefs of a Just World
محمد اکبری محسن گلپرور منوچهر کامکار محسن گلپرور منوچهر کامکار

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between interpersonal trust, self-efficacy, religiosity and forgiveness with procedural and distributive beliefs of a just world. For this purpose, of a statistical population of in isfahan, some were selected to re More

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between interpersonal trust, self-efficacy, religiosity and forgiveness with procedural and distributive beliefs of a just world. For this purpose, of a statistical population of in isfahan, some were selected to respond in several stages of sampling to the research questionnaire and measured using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, by regression concurrent and stepwise anlysis by regression. Out of all the research variables for concurrent regression , only interpersonal trust a signification predictability of a procedural beliefs of a just world and interpersonal trust, Self-efficacy and high power a significant predictability of a distributive belief of a just world. In the step-by- step regression, firstly interpersonal trust and secondly high power were significantly predictive of the procedural beliefs of a just world in the step-by-step, in the firstly step , Interpersonal trust , secondly high power, thirdly self-efficacy fourthly other forgiveness and fifthly self-forgiveness were significantly predicative of the distributive beliefs of a just world. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - The Mediator Role of Perceived OrganizationalJustice In Relation Between Personnelâs ChronicSelf-Concept With Outcome, Supervisor AndManagement Satisfaction
ابوالقاسم نوری سرور خاکسار محسن گل‌پرور

This research administered with the aim of investigates the mediator role of perceived organizational justice in relation between personnel’s chronic self-concept with outcome, supervisor and management satisfaction. On the basis of this goal, from statistical universe, More

This research administered with the aim of investigates the mediator role of perceived organizational justice in relation between personnel’s chronic self-concept with outcome, supervisor and management satisfaction. On the basis of this goal, from statistical universe, which include some industries and organizations in Esfahan city, persons selected for answer to the research questionnaires, with using two stage random sampling. Research method was correlational. Research questionnaires were: three questionnaires for organizational justice assessment (distributive with items, procedural with items and relational with items) a questionnaire for level of choronic self-concept assessment, and three questionnaires for assessment of outcome, supervisor and management satisfaction. Data analyzed with the use of Pearson’s correlation coefficient and mediator regression analysis. The first step of mediator regression showed that the individual and collective chronic self-concept (with and , standardized beta for distributive justice and with and standardized beta for procedural justice) have predictive power for distributive and procedural justice. Also collective chronic self-concept (with standardized beta) has predictive power for relational justice. But in predicting the outcome, supervisor and management satisfaction, by chronic self-concept dimensions, results showed that for outcome and supervisor satisfaction, individual and collective chronic self-concept (with 0& standardized beta respectively) and for management satisfaction only collective chronic self-concept (with standardized beta) have predictive power. Mediator regression analysis in third step, showed that only distributive justice play mediator role between collective self-concept with outcome satisfaction. But for supervisor satisfaction, procedural and relational justice play mediator role between individual and collective self-concept with supervisor and management satisfaction. And finally only procedural justice play mediator role between collective self-concept with management satisfaction. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - The Comparison of the Trait Anxiety, State Anxiety, and Confidence in three Sport Teams and Three Idvidual Sports
علیرضا زمانی علی مرادی

The present study is devoted to the Compari-son of the Trait anxiety, State anxiety and Self-confidence in three sport Teams (Volleyball, Basketball and Handball) and three Individual sports (Track and field, Wrestling and Badmin-ton). Subjects were consisted of 90 male More

The present study is devoted to the Compari-son of the Trait anxiety, State anxiety and Self-confidence in three sport Teams (Volleyball, Basketball and Handball) and three Individual sports (Track and field, Wrestling and Badmin-ton). Subjects were consisted of 90 male ath-letes for each major and Totally 540 people were selectes randomly from 12 Provinces. Sport competition anxiety test (SCAT) = α) 0/825) and Competitive state anxiety inventory (CSAI-2) = α) 0/839).were used for collection Data analyzed by t test and Pearson's correla-tion coefficient. Results showed that what ath-letes of individual sports in the comparison with athletes of group sports had greater Trait anxie-ty but less self – confidence. Correlation be-tween components somatic and cognitive of state anxiety similariy, between somatic com-ponent of state anxiety and trait anxiety, and somatic component and traite anxiety at (P=0/05) was average and positive, but between cognitive component of state anxiety and self-confidence at (P=0/05) was poor and negative. Likewise, correlation between somatic compo-nent of state anxiety and self-confidence at (P=0/05 ) was poor and negative. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - An Investigation of Relation Between Perception of Organizational Justice and Employees’ Organizational Citizenship Behavior within Mazandaran Province’s SAMEN Financial and Ceredit Institute
hossein samadi hamzeh samadi

10.30486/jsrp.2020.548813.0

The purpose of the present research is to investigate the relationships between the employee’s perception level of organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior. The method the present research is relational and the structural equation modeling is More

The purpose of the present research is to investigate the relationships between the employee’s perception level of organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior. The method the present research is relational and the structural equation modeling is used, and also the measuring tool in this research is closed questionnaire. Statistical population of study includes all of 148 employees of the SAMEN Institutes of Mazandaran Province from which 114 employees were selected by simple random sampling method as a sample. Findings showed that there is significant and positive relationship between perceived Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior and its dimensions such as altruism, sportsmanship, conscientiousness, courtesy, and civic virtue (P˂0/01). Also, after the investigation and test, the existence of relationship between distributive justice, procedural justice, and intractional justice with organizational citizenship behavior is suported.courtesy, and civic virtue (P˂0/01). Also, after the investigation and test, the existence of relationship between distributive justice, procedural justice, and intractional justice with organizational citizenship behavior is suported. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - The Analysis of Effective Features in EducationalPrograms in the Agricultural Sector
Mohammad Ali Nadi Narges KeshtiaraY Ramezan Jahanian Mozhgani Arefi Shahin Raz Masoud Salimi Arsalan. ErajiRad. Nozhatozamani Moshfeghi AliReza Uosefi Fariba Karimi Seyed Ali t Siyadat Shahram Shahbazi Hamideh Goharan

Abstract Executing different educational programs with respect to the structure and tasks of the Ministry of Agricultural Jihad in order to update the knowledge and skills of staff is one of the primary tasks of the Research and Education Organization. This study ai More

Abstract Executing different educational programs with respect to the structure and tasks of the Ministry of Agricultural Jihad in order to update the knowledge and skills of staff is one of the primary tasks of the Research and Education Organization. This study aims at analyzing and formulating effective features in educational programs in the agricultural sector. In so doing, the following two questions about formulating effective features in educational programs in the agricultural sector were asked of the teaching and research staff and educational experts of the Ministry of Agricultural Jihad. 1. What are the effective features of educational programs in agricultural sector? 2. Which of the identified features to promote the effectivity of the presented model of educational programs are of more importance? This research is descriptive and survey – based. The statistical community, a total of 383 people, were the teaching /research staff, instructors, educational directors, and experts o the Ministry of Agricultural Jihad. Data – collection and measurement tools at this study were researcher – tailored. Data analysis was conducted on two levels of descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (t– tests, multi – variable regression, and path analysis diagram). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Explaining an Organizational Justice Model in terms of working groups in Banking Industry
golnaz Mehdi Asri Hossein Safarzadeh mohamad reza Rabiee mandajin

The title of research is “explanation the Organizational Justice Pattern by emphasizing on working group in banking industry.” The current project aims to validation the organizational justice considering the working group approaches (examination the existin More

The title of research is “explanation the Organizational Justice Pattern by emphasizing on working group in banking industry.” The current project aims to validation the organizational justice considering the working group approaches (examination the existing state) in addition to identification, comparing and grading the dimensions and components of justice using group approach in terms of view, it is practical and regarding nature of data, it is descriptive survey. The statistical population consists of all the managers and experts working in three banks, including governmental, semi-governmental and private banks. The number of participants in three groups of the research is 5076 andthe number of samples are 360 and sampling method is classified random. The innovation of the research is that, there is not any investigations examining the compound effects of diverse components of justice using group approach. In case of reliability, the Cronbach Alpha is used, the amount of which is 0.85, suggesting the proper amount of this factor for the questionnaire. Results suggest that both manager and experts generally believe that, “information & interactional” justice are more focused comparing two other dimensions, namely “Procedural and Distribution” justice Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - realization of distributive justice to eliminate poverty and deprivation; Commitment to the duty of the government or commitment to the goal based on Islamic principles
Kazem Aliyon Kheirollah Parvin Mostafa Seraji

Investigating government obligations is one of the important topics in the field of public law studies. The commitment to achieve distributive justice is also one of the duties and obligations of governments to eliminate poverty and deprivation in societies. In the syst More

Investigating government obligations is one of the important topics in the field of public law studies. The commitment to achieve distributive justice is also one of the duties and obligations of governments to eliminate poverty and deprivation in societies. In the system of the Islamic Republic, this type of commitment derived from Islamic teachings has become the governing spirit of the Constitution and the ultimate and essential goal of the government arising from it. Despite this, the evidence shows that distributive justice has not been realized not only in Iran's society after the Islamic Revolution; Rather, the occurrence of a deep class gap and the accumulation and monopoly of wealth and power will lead the society to decline and collapse? The problem is, what causes and factors have caused such anomalous conditions in the religious and revolutionary society of Iran? In response to the question raised, the findings of this research, which were obtained using the descriptive, analytical and argumentative method, show that the obligations contained in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran are often of the "obligation by means" type, that is, efforts To prepare the work without achieving the result, while the government's commitments will achieve the desired result when it moves towards "commitment to the goal". Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - The Effect of Paternalism on the Restriction of Individuals' Private Rights
peyman mirhadi Mahmood shahidi alireza entezari

Paternal expediency is a phenomenon in which the state-government plays a protective role for members of the society under its paternal protection and decisions. It illustrates the idea that modern governments, in some areas of private law, take over the management and More

Paternal expediency is a phenomenon in which the state-government plays a protective role for members of the society under its paternal protection and decisions. It illustrates the idea that modern governments, in some areas of private law, take over the management and initiative of certain aspects of private law affairs of the society members. This might ultimately lead to a decline in respected principles such as the rule of will.In addition to examining the limiting instances of paternalistic attitudes in the field of private law, this paper will investigate the contrast between such paternalistic expediencies of the modern state on the basis of promoting distributive justice, which traditionally supported the weak party in the form of commutative justice, often common in private contracts, in order to determine the incompatibility of independence and autonomy of citizens with the main issue. Identifying the adverse effects of this phenomenon is a step towards establishing desirable justice Manuscript profile

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23 - Justice as Social quality
Ali asghar mosapasandi Kamal Pouladi

    Ali asgharmosapasandi[1]- Kamal Pouladi[2] Abstract Justice has always been the main concern of human beings and the centre of political thought. However this concept never had an obvious meaning and much has been done across the whole history of polit More

    Ali asgharmosapasandi[1]- Kamal Pouladi[2] Abstract Justice has always been the main concern of human beings and the centre of political thought. However this concept never had an obvious meaning and much has been done across the whole history of political thought to specify it's claim. During recent decades Ther apeard several theories to articulate it for some more functional use in the socio-political order of contemporary society. Justice as equity from Jhon Rawls is the most known of them. It is claimed in this article that what has been known as "social equality" is The most consistent theoretical framework for considering Justice in it's most meaning full ends. The question is that how we can promote Justice most efficiently? We will approach this subject critical-analytically. [1]- PhD student, Political Science - Political Thought, Mazandaran - Chalous - Islamic Azad University Iran [2] - Faculty Member - Doctor of Political Science, - Mazandaran - Chalous - Islamic Azad University Iran   Manuscript profile

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24 - Measurement impact 360 Degree Feedback on perceived Organizational Justice and Firm Sustainability
Hossain Khanifar Ardeshir Shiri Hatam Kahlilipour Mosadegh Khalilipour

Ecological trends concerning the natural environment, depletion of natural resources, and are now a major government and industry foci worldwide. On the other hand, Performance appraisal is one of the most important human resource activities in any organization and perc More

Ecological trends concerning the natural environment, depletion of natural resources, and are now a major government and industry foci worldwide. On the other hand, Performance appraisal is one of the most important human resource activities in any organization and perceived organizational justice of employees is one of the important factors that have shown the importance of evaluation more than ever. The purpose of the research is to investigate the effect of 360-degree evaluation on perceived organizational justice and Business sustainability. Regarding the data collection the research is descriptive correlational one and from the objective of the research it is an applied research. A questionnaire was used to collect data and its reliability was used by the experts. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to verify the reliability. The statistical population of this research is staff and experts Ahwaz Folad Company, the sample of 310 people was selected as a statistical sample by simple random sampling method. After determining the normality of the data by Coefficient of skewness and kurtosis, Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation model were used to investigate the research hypotheses. The results showed that 360-degree Feedback has a positive and significant effect on organizational justice (procedural, distributive and Interactional), and procedural and Interactional justice has a positive and significant effect on Business sustainability but the effect of distributive justice on Business sustainability not significant. Manuscript profile

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25 - Organizational Behavior with Organizational Justice Approach Based on Fuzzy Expert System (Case study: Small Foods Industrials of East Azerbaijan)
Nasser Fegh-hi Farahmand

The aim of this study is measuring of organizational justice based on fuzzy expert system. Accordingly, a model is designed based on fuzzy sets theory. The introduced model has five stages. In the first stage, input and output variables of model are characterized by ava More

The aim of this study is measuring of organizational justice based on fuzzy expert system. Accordingly, a model is designed based on fuzzy sets theory. The introduced model has five stages. In the first stage, input and output variables of model are characterized by available theories. Inputs are as follows: distributive justice, procedural justice and interactional justice. The output is the score of organizational justice.  In the second stage, the input and output are converted into fuzzy numbers after classification. Inference rules are explained in the third stage.  In the fourth stage, defuzzification is performed, and in the fifth stage, the devised system is tested. The test result shows that the presented model is of high validity. Ultimately, by using the designed model, the score of organizational justice for Small Food Industrials of East Azerbaijan was calculated. The statistical population consists of all staffs and middle managers in these organizations. Using Cochran formula, the sample size is260 employees and 106 middle managers. A questionnaire was devised, and its validity and reliability were confirmed. The result indicates that, the score of organizational justice in Small Food Industrials with the membership rank of 0.816 is at an average level and with the membership rank of 0.184 is low. Manuscript profile

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26 - Prioritization of organizational justice dimensions from the viewpoint of Institutional Corruption decrease Using Cook and Seiford Approach
Houshang Taghizadeh Gholamreza Soltani Fesghandis

Corruption is one of the organizational phenomena that could dramaticallychallenge the development of countries. Therefore, identifying the methodsof confrontation with this phenomenon can be effective to develop thecountries as well as the organizations. Organizational More

Corruption is one of the organizational phenomena that could dramaticallychallenge the development of countries. Therefore, identifying the methodsof confrontation with this phenomenon can be effective to develop thecountries as well as the organizations. Organizational justice is a variablethat could affect the corruption from psychological aspect. Accordingly,the aim of this paper is prioritizing the organizational justice dimensionsin terms of its impact on institutional and administrative corruption. Thestatistical society includes all of the university professors and managers ofgovernment agencies in East-Azerbaijan province which 200 of them hasselected as statistical sample using categorized sampling method. Also forcollecting the data, research questionnaire was distributed after proving thevalidity and reliability among the members of the statistical society. Inorder to analyze the data, the Cook and Seiford method were utilized. Theresults show that, among the dimensions of organizational justice, distributivejustice has the greatest influence on the reduction of administrativecorruption. Procedural justice and interrogation justice are ranked secondand third respectively. Manuscript profile

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27 - The relationship between organizational justice and social capital in the Telecommunication Company of Mianeh
homa doroudi Somayeh Shahriyari

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between organizational  justice and social capital in the Telecommunication Company of Mianeh in 1391 that lasted one year. In this study, organizational justice as one of the major factors underlying the cr More

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between organizational  justice and social capital in the Telecommunication Company of Mianeh in 1391 that lasted one year. In this study, organizational justice as one of the major factors underlying the creation of social capital, has been studied in three dimensions (distributive justice, procedural justice and interactional justice), and also, social capital has been studied in three dimensions (confidence, participation in the affairs, and the ability of social relations). The population consists of all the employees in Telecommunication Company of Mianeh that are totally 200 people. Among this population, 132 people were selected by random sampling technique and the Cochran formula. Data collection tools were two questionnaires of organizational justice and social capital, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to ensure its reliability that is (its reliability) verified and also, its validity verified formally. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Based on these findings, there is a significant and positive relationship between organizational justice and social capital. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - Examination of the effect of social justice on young people’s social happiness in Tehran
Talieh Khademian Afsaneh Khanmohammadi

Social happiness in the past few years has become one of the most famous concepts in sociology and social psychology, due to the fact that a society with unhappy people will face many social problems and deviances. So every country should perform thorough investigations More

Social happiness in the past few years has become one of the most famous concepts in sociology and social psychology, due to the fact that a society with unhappy people will face many social problems and deviances. So every country should perform thorough investigations on this important concept. This study investigates the relationship between social justice and social happiness and examines the impacts of social justice on Tehran city's young people’s social happiness in Tehran. Also, the Rout Vinhovens’ theory of life quality and Jamil Saba’s viewpoint about social justice were used. The unit of analysis is young people who live in Tehran. A questionnaire made after review of validity and reliability with cluster random sampling in five regions of Tehran and among the 385 young people. Oxford standard happiness inventory has been employed as one of the measurement scale of happiness. Results show that social happiness between variable of gender, marital status, place of birth, educational degree and age is different. Also, relationship between social happiness and social justice has been proven. Multiple regression analyses indicate that the distributive justice, interactional justice and procedural justice are significantly related to measures of social happiness. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - Fair Dispute Resolution in View of Jurisprudence and Law
Sayyd Kamal Hoseni javad niknejad

10.22034/ijrj.2022.689980

At the whole we talk about fairness maxims of dispute resolution in this essay. From our view and based on principles of procedure justice any dispute resolution mechanism must have three important principles: equal treatment with parties to dispute, rationality in maki More

At the whole we talk about fairness maxims of dispute resolution in this essay. From our view and based on principles of procedure justice any dispute resolution mechanism must have three important principles: equal treatment with parties to dispute, rationality in making decision and efficiency that this one contains access and possibility to reach to a dispute resolution and being tools for counter with procedural inequalities between parties in turn. According to access and possibility to reach to a dispute resolution parties should be able to reach to a dispute resolution mechanism. Proceeding on this method should be done by minimum costs and delay and based on the second criterion those issues making problem for parties for taking part in proceedings, which are not arisen of proceeding rules but have been created by one party inability to take part equally in process should be balanced or eliminated. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - School Principalُs Commitment to Productivity, the Effects of Job Autonomy, Psychological Empowerment and Distributive Justice
Reza Sepehrvand Masoud Godsi Saeyd Farah bakhsh

This paper aims to investigate the effects of job autonomy, psychological empowerment and distributive justice on commitment to productivity of principals in Lorestan state schools.  The Statistical population comprises current and former principals. Using random m More

This paper aims to investigate the effects of job autonomy, psychological empowerment and distributive justice on commitment to productivity of principals in Lorestan state schools.  The Statistical population comprises current and former principals. Using random method, 357 out of them were selected. For measuring the research variables, we used 3 different questionnaires. For measuring commitment to productivity, job autonomy, psychological empowerment and distributive justice, a researcher-made, Breaugh (1985), Thomas & Velthouse (1990) and Price & Muller (1986) questionnaires were used, respectively. All of the questions in the questionnaires have 5-point Liker-scale.  For analyzing data, covariance-based structural equations modeling-path analysis and AMOS software were applied. The results show that all of job autonomy, psychological empowerment and distributive justice have positive and direct effects on commitment to productivity of principals in Lorestan state. Also, among all of the dependent variables, distributive justice has the highest effect on psychological empowerment. Furthermore, among all the dependent variables, distributive justice has the lowest effect on commitment to productivity Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - Youth Electoral Participation and the Role of Feeling of Social Justice on it in Mazandaran
Abdullah Ashtiani Majid Radfar Abolghasem Heidarabadi

10.22034/ssyj.2020.676893

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Open Access Article

32 - An Analytical Perspective on the Realization of the Iranian Paradigm of Justice-Centered City in the Urban Development Plan of Farahzad, Tehran
mahshid tajedini manochehr tabibian masoud elahi

The exploration of the intrinsic meaning and origin of justice represents one of the most intricate philosophical and moral inquiries. The discourse on how justice is manifested in the world, grounded in civilization, has been a perennial subject among theorists. This r More

The exploration of the intrinsic meaning and origin of justice represents one of the most intricate philosophical and moral inquiries. The discourse on how justice is manifested in the world, grounded in civilization, has been a perennial subject among theorists. This research delves into elucidating a comprehensive definition of the Iranian paradigm for a just city, with a specific focus on its realization within the framework of the Farahzad Urban Development Plan in Tehran. The novel paradigm is rooted in three dimensions of justice—law, ethics, and civilization—emphasizing four fundamental aspects: substantive, formal, distributive, and structural justice. The research adopts an applied-developmental approach in terms of purpose and a descriptive-analytical methodology. Data collection involves both documentary research and field investigations, incorporating interviews and questionnaires. The study's statistical population comprises residents, experts, and city officials, and the results are analyzed using SPSS software with a combination of descriptive and inferential statistics. The Bogardos method reveals a significant social distance and an unfavorable universality range among diverse social groups in Farahzad. The sample test and Pearson correlation analysis highlight a non-realization of just city components in the current Farahzad situation from citizens' perspectives. Conversely, an assessment of the approved plan, "Organizing Farahzad Urban Center," underscores its desirability in terms of law and ethics but identifies unfavorable socialist dimensions according to expert evaluations. Significantly, the results demonstrate a meaningful relationship between structural justice and distributive justice in the pursuit of justice-oriented dimensions based on essential and formal aspects. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

33 - تدوین و اعتبارسنجی مدل انصاف معلم در کلاس درس زبان
Meghdad Sadeghi Valeh Jalali Neda Fatehi Rad

10.30495/jfl.2023.707776

پژوهش حاضر با هدف تدوین و اعتبارسنجی مدلی از عدالت کلاسی معلم زبان انگلیسی زبان ایرانی با استفاده از طرح روش‌های ترکیبی اکتشافی متوالی (QUAL + quan) انجام شد. شرکت کنندگان شامل دو گروه بودند. گروه اول 250 نفر از مدرسین زبان انگلیسی زبان ایرانی بودند که به روش نمونه گیری More

پژوهش حاضر با هدف تدوین و اعتبارسنجی مدلی از عدالت کلاسی معلم زبان انگلیسی زبان ایرانی با استفاده از طرح روش‌های ترکیبی اکتشافی متوالی (QUAL + quan) انجام شد. شرکت کنندگان شامل دو گروه بودند. گروه اول 250 نفر از مدرسین زبان انگلیسی زبان ایرانی بودند که به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس از طریق گروه های مجازی در شبکه های اجتماعی انتخاب شدند. گروه دوم شرکت کنندگان شامل 150 زبان آموز ایرانی زبان انگلیسی در سطح متوسط   از موسسات زبان خصوصی مختلف در ایران بودند که از طریق نمونه گیری در دسترس از گروه های مجازی مختلف در واتس اپ یا تلگرام انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای زیر برای جمع آوری داده ها در پژوهش حاضر استفاده شد: مقیاس اطلاعات دموگرافیک و پرسشنامه بسته. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار MAXQDA و مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری (SEM) و با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تأییدی با استفاده از نرم افزارهای SPSS و AMOS 24 انجام شد. در نهایت پایایی مدل توسعه‌یافته انصاف معلم زبان انگلیسی با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ برآورد شد. بر اساس نتایج، مدل انصاف کلاس درس معلم زبان انگلیسی زبان ایرانی در چهار مؤلفه اصلی شامل انصاف در تدریس، عدالت ارزشیابی، انصاف مدیریت کلاس و انصاف در ارتباطات کلاسی تدوین شد. در نهایت، مدل پیشنهادی انصاف در کلاس معلم زبان انگلیسی معتبر و قابل اعتماد تشخیص داده شد. این یافته ها پیامدهایی برای سیاست گذاران، مربیان معلمان، مدیران آموزش معلمان و توسعه دهندگان برنامه درسی دارد. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

34 - Analyzing the Spatial Inequalities of Urban Services Distribution from the Spatial Justice Perspective Case study: Qarchak city
ali abdi bizhan rahmani shohreh taj

Spatial justice is one of the topics that has become especially important in recent years among planners and geographers. Since urban public services are the constructs of the physical, social, and spatial nature of the city, its unfairness in its distribution has an ir More

Spatial justice is one of the topics that has become especially important in recent years among planners and geographers. Since urban public services are the constructs of the physical, social, and spatial nature of the city, its unfairness in its distribution has an irreversible impact on the structure, nature of the city, and the class separation of city neighborhoods and challenges urban management. Jedi has faced. By examining the inequalities in the distribution of services and identifying the spatial pattern of injustice at the city level, one can find out which services are in a more inappropriate situation, and which inequalities are more concentrated in the urban areas through this urban management. By consciously acting on the spatial distribution of public services and social benefits, reduce spatial inequality and improve driving quality. The growing population of Qarchak city is growing and the need for public utilities is increasing. Therefore, the present study, using descriptive-analytical method, using library documents and inference of field findings in the form of questionnaire compilation and distribution, has investigated the status of citizens' services and their distribution in rural areas at the study area. The findings were analyzed using Moran test and Gini method as well as T-test. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - Spatial Analysis of Rural Level with Distributed Justice Approach Case Study: Urmia Central District Villages
mossa kamanroodi taher parizadi hujjat mirzazadeh

Equity-based planning should move away from techno-logical approaches and move toward multi-stakeholder policies, giving power to local management.From this perspective, the point of shared planning and social justice is distributive justice.The basis for a fair distrib More

Equity-based planning should move away from techno-logical approaches and move toward multi-stakeholder policies, giving power to local management.From this perspective, the point of shared planning and social justice is distributive justice.The basis for a fair distribution of services is the two criteria of accessibility and the spatial distribution of services.Recognizing the differences between different regions and regions in order to provide appropriate plans for aligning and reducing regional inequalities is the first step in spatial planning.The purpose of this research is to study the level of rural areas in the central part of Urmia city from the inputs and facilities and comparing villages in terms of utilizing facilities and services. Finally, due to the different geographic conditions of the region, the results were combined with the Kaplend model and the final level of acceptance was accepted, which indicates the difference in the level of rural districts and the lack of distributive justice among them. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

36 - The effect of perceived organizational support, distributive justice, individual-organization fit, intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation on innovative work behavior (case study: Pars Energy Special Economic Zone - National Oil Company)
amirreza alizadeh majd mahboubeh Porgou arefeh davoodi zahra daniyari

The purpose of this research was to study the effect of distributive justice, perceived organizational support, individual-organization fit, intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation on innovative work behavior in Pars Energy Special Economic Zone - National Oil Com More

The purpose of this research was to study the effect of distributive justice, perceived organizational support, individual-organization fit, intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation on innovative work behavior in Pars Energy Special Economic Zone - National Oil Company. The current research is practical in terms of its purpose, and in terms of the type of data collection and survey information, it is of the correlation branch and of the structural equation modeling type. The statistical population of the research is 148 specialists related to the subject in the National Iranian Oil Company, the available random sampling method was used for sampling. The information obtained from the questionnaire was analyzed by SMART PLS2 structural equation software. The findings concluded that distributive justice has an effect on employee innovation, which means that the innovative work behavior of employees increases when the organization has the correct implementation of justice in its work environment. On the other hand, motivation is the key through which people can customize efforts to generate and implement innovative ideas. Innovation needs support and encouragement in the organization, and in this regard, when people working in the organization are supported, they feel they can test new ideas and methods with the aim of achieving their goals or completing their tasks, that is, increasing perceived organizational support leads to improvement. The work behavior becomes innovative, and the fit between the individual and the organization has a positive and significant effect on the innovative work behavior. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

37 - Presenting the Model of Structural Equations of the Effect of Institutional Factors on the Implementation of Redistributive Policies with the Mediating role of Production Boom
Majid Nezhad Byglary Alireza Manzari Tavakoli Sanjar Salajeghe Zahra Shokoh Navid Fatehi Rad

The aim of this research was to present the model of structural equations of the influence of institutional factors on the implementation of redistributive policies with the mediating role of production boom. The current research was quantitative in terms of applied pur More

The aim of this research was to present the model of structural equations of the influence of institutional factors on the implementation of redistributive policies with the mediating role of production boom. The current research was quantitative in terms of applied purpose, and in terms of method and nature of data. The data collection tool was three standard questionnaires. The statistical population of this research consists of all the employees of Iran's specialized state-owned commercial parent company, which were 4823 people in 1402. From the aforementioned statistical population, a sample size of 355 people was determined based on the table of Krejcie and Morgan, who were selected randomly, and the questionnaire was distributed among them, and the 355 questionnaires obtained were analyzed using PLS software. The results of the present study showed that institutional factors have an effect on the implementation of redistributive policies, with a mediating role of production boom. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

38 - Identification and validation of the structure of moral justice in the Islamic Azad University
فرح شهرکی ثانوی الهام فریبرزی نازیا سادات ناصری

Considering the constructive role of the university in society and importance of issue of justice and ethics; A study was conducted to design a moral justice structure in the Islamic Azad University. The present study was applied and the statistical population was based More

Considering the constructive role of the university in society and importance of issue of justice and ethics; A study was conducted to design a moral justice structure in the Islamic Azad University. The present study was applied and the statistical population was based on judgmental sampling of 20 experts in the field of ethics and organizational justice. Using fuzzy Delphi method and theoretical foundations, indicators and dimensions were identified and provided to experts. After reviewing the opinions of experts on 11 indicators of distributive justice; indicators included: 8 interactive justice, 8 procedural justice, 4 information justice, 5 communication justice, 6 interpersonal justice and 3 linguistic justice were approved as the final indicators. Based on reviews and weighted averages; The most important group of indicators is the dimension of information justice, followed by the dimension of interactive justice; Procedural justice; Distributive justice; Communicative justice; There was linguistic justice and, ultimately, interpersonal justice. According to the results, the most important type of justice-based required in the Azad University is moral justice based on the religious and cultural principles of society. Therefore, the necessary mechanisms and contexts must be put in place to implement the seven dimensions of ethical justice in the organization. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

39 - Analyzing the demand side of commonality liquidity in the Tehran Stock Exchange market: a non-linear autoregressive approach with NARDL distribution breaks.
Omid Aghaei meybodi sayed yahya abtahi hamid khajeh mahmoodabadi gholamreza Askarzadeh

In the last few decades, market participants have given considerable attention to the of liquidity in financial markets. Commonality liquidity and shared movements in transaction costs associated with such a phenomenon have significant consequences in the microstructure More

In the last few decades, market participants have given considerable attention to the of liquidity in financial markets. Commonality liquidity and shared movements in transaction costs associated with such a phenomenon have significant consequences in the microstructure of the market. The analysis and identification of such commonalities enables the investor and the policy maker to discover the evidence related to inventory risk and asymmetric information in increasing the liquidity of the stock market. From the non-linear autoregression method with NARDL distribution breaks between the seasonal periods of 2008:01 to 2020:12. The asymmetric long-term results show a negative and significant relationship between the positive rate of return shock and Commonality liquidity and a positive and significant relationship between the negative market return shock and commonality liquidity. The variables of monthly investment by institutional investors, commonality liquidity and exchange rate of return have a positive and significant relationship with commonality liquidity. Export logarithm has a negative and significant relationship with, uncommonality liquidity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

40 - Evasion and Social and Cultural Factors Affecting it: A Study of Young People Aged 18-29 in Marivan
mehrdad navabakhsh farogh karimi

In recent years, the prevalence of crime and high-risk behaviors among young people has become a major social issue, and the findings and findings of empirical surveys and research strongly support this claim. The purpose of this study is to analyze the sociological, so More

In recent years, the prevalence of crime and high-risk behaviors among young people has become a major social issue, and the findings and findings of empirical surveys and research strongly support this claim. The purpose of this study is to analyze the sociological, social and cultural factors affecting the Evasion of 18-29 year-old youth in Marivan. The present study is a quantitative and type-based study in the field of applied research and questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical population of this study is young people aged 18-29 years old in Marivan and the sample size was calculated using Cochran formula of 385 persons and the stratified sampling method was used. The results showed that the variables of sense of distributive justice, social control, sense of social trust, social satisfaction and attitude towards law were inversely and significantly correlated with evasion. There was a direct and significant relationship between the variables of feeling social anomaly, having friends with the law, the level of law-abiding among family members, and the feeling of relative deprivation. The results of multivariate regression analysis also showed that variables such as social anomaly, social control, social satisfaction, attitude towards law, and family law avoidance had a significant effect on evasion. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

41 - Analyzing the ruling on requiring a late payment penalty in Islamic jurisprudence with a view to the distributive justice of banking facilities
mohammad nozari ferdosieh zahra najmalsadatasadi khansari Abdollah Omidi Fard

The issue of usury in Islamic banking is always familiar with late payment penalties. Therefore, to get rid of this problem, various theories have been proposed. In this research, analytical-descriptive methods have been used to investigate the solution to get rid of th More

The issue of usury in Islamic banking is always familiar with late payment penalties. Therefore, to get rid of this problem, various theories have been proposed. In this research, analytical-descriptive methods have been used to investigate the solution to get rid of the usurious nature of late payment. Some jurists have come up with solutions to solve the jurisprudential problem of late fines and consider it as Shariah. But what has been neglected is that many legal scholars do not have the possibility to use this general capacity of the country, which is the Muslim right of the members of the society, due to the fatwa of their authority regarding the sanctity of late fines. Based on the results of this study, it is possible to disqualify a significant part of the religious people who, based on the fatwa of some Imami and Sunni jurists, regarding the sanctity of late payment fines, from receiving bank facilities such as loans, Murabahah and Jaalah. For this purpose and in line with distributive justice in the discussion of resource allocation, it is possible to propose this important and practical policy to the central bank, which is in accordance with Shia and Sunni jurisprudence, a new version of bank contracts in which methods such as the allocation of late crimes to expenses If the charity is expected, prepare and communicate it to the banking network. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

42 - Relationship between Dimensions of Conceptual Organizational Justice and Teachers Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Ali Khalkhali Maryam Rahimi

Abstract: Purpose of this study is analyzed of relation between Dimensionsof ConceptualOrganizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior among teachers. The data was collected from 357 teachers of Gilan province through two questionnaires, which named as or More

Abstract: Purpose of this study is analyzed of relation between Dimensionsof ConceptualOrganizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior among teachers. The data was collected from 357 teachers of Gilan province through two questionnaires, which named as organizational justice questionnaire and citizenship behavior questionnaire. Statistical methods as correlation coefficient and Regression are used to analyze data. Results showed that variable of conceptual organizational justice and its three ranges have sensitive positive relation with organizational citizenship behavior. Also, Results of Regression analysis show that the Procedural justice has moreeffective relation with teachers` organizational citizenship behavior. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

43 - A Qualitative Assessment of Supervisors’ Views towards Examiners’ Perceptions: A Fair Justice or Not?
Ehasn Rayani Neda Fatehi Rad

This study aimed at exploring Iranian thesis supervisors’ views on examiners’ fair in examining M.A. Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL )thesis in Iran. In so doing, a phenomenological design was used. 20 M.A. thesis supervisors participated in the study who More

This study aimed at exploring Iranian thesis supervisors’ views on examiners’ fair in examining M.A. Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL )thesis in Iran. In so doing, a phenomenological design was used. 20 M.A. thesis supervisors participated in the study who were selected through purposeful sampling. To collect the data, a semi-structured interview was used. Data analysis was conducted via manual thematic analysis. According to the results, the following views were among those extracted for M.A. theses supervisors about examiners’ fair: Examiners’ unfair in Examining Theses; Inattention to the Standards of Thesis Writing; Judgment Based on Personal Mood; Examiners’ Personal Problems with Supervisors; and Examiners’ Relation with Students. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that according to the perceptions of Iranian TEFL thesis supervisors, examiners are not just and fair in examining theses. They pay attention to the issues such as previous relations, personal problems, practicing power and such matters which are non-relevant to thesis itself. It can also be concluded that Iranian TEFL thesis examiners, at least according to thesis supervisors' views, are illiterate or unknowledgeable in terms of statistics and some research topics. This is a reason for their unfair in examining theses. The results have some implications for M.A. thesis examiners, students, higher education administrators, and researchers. Manuscript profile

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