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Open Access Article

1 - An analysis of the Methods of Marriage Contract Cancellation
Dr. Mohammad Reza Chavoshiha

Development of the legal rules pertaining to the cancellation of contract for marriage underthe Iranian law has been influenced by both the religious opinions of the Islamic juristsand the doctrine generated by legal scholars. The latter is distinguishable by its effort More

Development of the legal rules pertaining to the cancellation of contract for marriage underthe Iranian law has been influenced by both the religious opinions of the Islamic juristsand the doctrine generated by legal scholars. The latter is distinguishable by its efforts toaccommodate for the current needs of the society. Neither of the two sources can be its duecredit, but what should always be borne in mind is the original reason for which cancellationof marriage was primarily introduced. The reasons which entitle a person to opt out ofa contract for marriage, regardless of whether they have been expressly enumerated by theshiite Imams or explained in general terms by them, could not be changed. Hence, eventhough some of the diseases that would have given such a right to the other party could nowbe easily cured, this medical development could not deprive that party of his or her rightto terminate the relationship.Changes in this regard could be justified through expressing contractual terms whichin case of noncompliance with the description would result in an option to terminate. Inthis manner the option could be extended to new diseases. As to diseases that could nowbe easily cured in a manner that they would have no effect on the marriage relationship,jurists such as Dr. Mohaghegh Damad have tried to use principles such as the principle ofla zarar,the principle of la haraj, the principle of misrepresentation(‘’ghorur ‘’), option fordeception and option for nonocompliance in order to find a solution. Using the principle ofla zarar seems to have many advantages . This is the best way to change the scope for whichthe right to terminate the marriage contract has been foreseen. Thus, not only could thisright be extended to new diseases, in case of those diseases that are now easily curable,the right could be revoked. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Avistotle, Ibn-Sina, and Spinoza on “Substance”: A Comparative Study
مهدی اسعدی سید مرتضی طباطبایی

Aristotle and Spinoza are two stream making Philosophers in thehistory of philosophy, and both has chosen the matter of substance astheir philosophical subject. The root of many disputes on a huge part ofwest philosophy can be obtained through comparing the characterist More

Aristotle and Spinoza are two stream making Philosophers in thehistory of philosophy, and both has chosen the matter of substance astheir philosophical subject. The root of many disputes on a huge part ofwest philosophy can be obtained through comparing the characteristicsof the sub from their point of view. This is notable that thesephilosophers has some similarities in defining the substance, but theyget far from each other in defining the characteristics and instances ofsubstance. The article's first step to examining Aristotle's viewpoint intwo books of Arganon and Metaphysics, and analayzing Spinoza,stheory in book of Ethics. However, looking toward the meaning ofsubstance in the Avecina's custom context and expression, and hisinnovation can also help for better understanding of substance throughMashaism's views. The researchers scale for analyzing has been theamount of consistency of substance definition with the other parts ofphilosophical system. With examining the following the conclusionwould be that Spinoza's definition bears more logical stability andprovides a more solid system. Manuscript profile

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3 - Transformation of the Attribute of Greed According to the Sufis' Educational Works up to the 9th Century AH
majid farhanizadeh Abbas Mohammadian ahmad khajehim ali tasnimi

This research analyzes the attribute of greed according to the Sufis' educational works up to the 9th century AH. This study is a descriptive-analytical one, shows that greed undergoes content change in three levels of behavior. In the first stage of mystical journey (f More

This research analyzes the attribute of greed according to the Sufis' educational works up to the 9th century AH. This study is a descriptive-analytical one, shows that greed undergoes content change in three levels of behavior. In the first stage of mystical journey (farq, "difference"), greed is recognized as a negative attribute. Therefore, this level requires that the seeker has a diligent and prudent approach in avoiding greed. In the second stage of mystical journey (fanā', "annihilation") because of the divine ecstasy the seeker's self becomes empty of all mundane attributes. Therefore, in this stage, due to this mystical annihilation, the inferior attribute (greed) becomes despair. In the third stage (baqā', "survival"), the mystic becomes the manifestation of the divine attributes. Greed in this stage, becomes a positive attribute. So greed interprets as the lover yearning to his beloved. Our findings show that although the Sufis' educational works are mainly against the greed, some of their words promote it as a positive attribute in the final stage of mystical journey. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - A comparative study of adjectives in Ahmad Shamlou's poems and poems Of French resistance poets
zohreh sakian Mohammad Taheri

10.30495/clq.2022.1972198.2481

One of the methods of text analysis is layered stylistics. By examining the layered stylistics of the text, researchers divide the text into smaller and separate layers and study the style based on the most frequent features. In the present research, the researchers stu More

One of the methods of text analysis is layered stylistics. By examining the layered stylistics of the text, researchers divide the text into smaller and separate layers and study the style based on the most frequent features. In the present research, the researchers studying the lexical layer of the text and especially the adjectives in the "havaye tazeh" by Ahmad Shamlou and the comparative analysis of the mentioned layer in the collection of poems (Les Yeux d'Elsa) by Louis Aragon and (De La Force de l'Amour) by Paul Elard, try to examine the affectability of Shamlou in this layer of stylistics. In the following, they look at the way of influence, adaptation, and generalization of adjectives and consequently mark the poetic words of the poet. According to the findings of the research, the repeated use and similar method of Shamlu in the use of these adjectives, which is the same as the adjectives in the poems of French poets, shows the immense influence of Shamlu on the two mentioned French poets and especially Paul Elurad in this part of the vocabulary layer. Some adjectives are bright, dark, earthy, dumb, distant, etc. The adaptation in this part of the Lexical layer has drawn Shamlou's poetic style towards sensuality and abstraction and made the audience more concrete in understanding. Shamlou's adoptation and the generalization of adjectives in different images have advanced Shamlou's poetic ideology and worldview in parallel and sometimes with the ideas of these two French poets. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - The Significance of Fictional Spaces in Persian and Syrian Maritime Literature (The Novels Ahl-e Ghargh by Moniro Ravanipour and Al-Shera va Al-Asifa by Hanna Mina: A Case Study)
robabeh ramezani GHader Pariz

10.30495/clq.2023.1967962.2469

Stories with settings of the sea, the port, and the island are considered maritime literature.The sea is one of the outstanding concepts in Persian and Syrian literature.In the current study,Moniro Ravanipour from Iran and Hanna Mina fromSyria represent maritime literat More

Stories with settings of the sea, the port, and the island are considered maritime literature.The sea is one of the outstanding concepts in Persian and Syrian literature.In the current study,Moniro Ravanipour from Iran and Hanna Mina fromSyria represent maritime literature in modern fiction writing.It is worth mentioning that novels in the maritime literature domain often seek to bring about change,and,as a result of the deep and unknown nature of the sea,call for radical change and emphasize the socio-political struggles of the people.In these novels,sailors or fishermen and the people of port cities and villages symbolize the masses.This study aims to introduce, analyze,and elaborate on these two novels written in the field of maritime literature:the novelAhl-e Ghargh(The Drowned)by Moniro Ravanipour and the novelAl-Shera va Al-Asifa(The Sail and the Storm).Ahl-e Ghargh refers to the people’s social changes in Jofreh village in Bushehr,Iran and illustrates their transition from rural simplicity and traditional beliefs to a modern and industrial society,considering the notion of tradition and modernism as contradictory.Moreover,the novelAl-Shera vaAl-Asifa by Hanna Mina is concerned about the evolution of theSyrian society from ignorance and submission to a warrior and well-informed society.Employing the a descriptive-analytical methodology.this research explores the impact of space on characters, the element of myth-making(mythopoeia),and the representation of rituals and customs in these two novels.Observing different elements of the story with an eye to the settings,this research finds the search for profound and fundamental change and the relationship of setting and all elements of the story as prominent characteristics of maritime novels. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Comparative Study on Critical Realism in French and Arabic Contemporary Novels
Peyman Salehi Malek Abdi Parvin Khalili Afsaneh Jarast

Critical realism school which explains and expresses the fact of a society was initially manifested in France. Since this school mostly manifested in novels in one hand and Naguib Mahfouz – founder of Egypt modern novelist – and Romain Rolland – famous More

Critical realism school which explains and expresses the fact of a society was initially manifested in France. Since this school mostly manifested in novels in one hand and Naguib Mahfouz – founder of Egypt modern novelist – and Romain Rolland – famous French writer – had critical realism method in fictional literature on the other hand, the present paper studies the critical realism process in "Palace Walk" by Naguib Mahfouz and "Pierre et Luce" by Romain Rolland in descriptive – analytical method. Both are the novels based on France and Egypt's events during 1914 to 1919 – years of World War I.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Adjective Typology from 4th to 6th Centuries With An Approach To Persian Interpretations
Hasssan Dehghanipour Iraj Mehraki

“Adjective” is among the most important dependents of any nominal group. A large of nominal group structure’ features in the past can be learnt by examining different types of adjectives and approaching to Persian interpretations. These features are pa More

“Adjective” is among the most important dependents of any nominal group. A large of nominal group structure’ features in the past can be learnt by examining different types of adjectives and approaching to Persian interpretations. These features are particularly created by crafted translators of Quranic verses, and so far, none of the historical structures, stylistics, and cultural references have addressed its important parts. The current research is an attempt to study adjective “typology” from 4th to 6th centuries with an approach to Persian interpretations. The question to be answered is whether it is possible to analyze and categorize adjectives from linguistic point of view? Which factors distinguish these attributes from each other? For this purpose, interpretations like Translation of Tafsir al-Tabari, An Interpretation Of The Holy Qur'an, An Interpretation Of Taj-Ul Tarajem Fi Tafsir-E Quran-Ul A’ajem, An Interpretation Of The Last Tenth Of The Holy Quran, An Interpretation Of The Holy Qur'an (Cambridge Version), Part Of The Ancient Interpretation, Part Of The Ancient Interpretation In Persian, A Classical Persian Commentary On The Qur‘An (Tafsīr-I Shunqushī), Nasafi Interpretation, Rawz Al-Jinan Wa Ruh Al-Jinan, and Kashf Al-Asrar Wa Udat Al-Abrar are reviewed to approve that, in these works of art, adjectives can be identified and categorized, typologically. Manuscript profile

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8 - پیش بینی سرمایه اجتماعی بر مبنای سلامت معنوی و صفت های شخصیتی در بین زنان شاغل تامین اجتماعی استان گلستان
ام البنین گیلان علیرضا همایونی

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9 - Stylistic Reading of the Mystical-interpretive Prose of Jaami's Thesis "Rubaiyat's Explanation on Pantheism"
Asghar Dadbeh Qolamreaza Davoudi Pour

      A mystical text has always benefited from the simplest linguistic means to transfer its message and simultaneously has been considered as one of the most attractive Persian prose types in all ages. Jaami's prose in all of his didactic and myst More

      A mystical text has always benefited from the simplest linguistic means to transfer its message and simultaneously has been considered as one of the most attractive Persian prose types in all ages. Jaami's prose in all of his didactic and mystical writings benefits from the Persian prose and is full of archaism, delicacy, craftsmanship, and mastery. The prose style of the thesis '' Robaiyat's explanation on Pantheism "contains all features. In this paper after a short glance at Jaami's biography, the thesis is introduced and then prose style during Jaami's era is briefly discussed. In the next step the most outstanding of Jaami's style such as zeugma, archaism, brevity, and  noun adjective agreement are analyzed. In the end a thorough conclusion is conducted. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - The Comparison of the Trait Anxiety, State Anxiety, and Confidence in three Sport Teams and Three Idvidual Sports
علیرضا زمانی علی مرادی

The present study is devoted to the Compari-son of the Trait anxiety, State anxiety and Self-confidence in three sport Teams (Volleyball, Basketball and Handball) and three Individual sports (Track and field, Wrestling and Badmin-ton). Subjects were consisted of 90 male More

The present study is devoted to the Compari-son of the Trait anxiety, State anxiety and Self-confidence in three sport Teams (Volleyball, Basketball and Handball) and three Individual sports (Track and field, Wrestling and Badmin-ton). Subjects were consisted of 90 male ath-letes for each major and Totally 540 people were selectes randomly from 12 Provinces. Sport competition anxiety test (SCAT) = α) 0/825) and Competitive state anxiety inventory (CSAI-2) = α) 0/839).were used for collection Data analyzed by t test and Pearson's correla-tion coefficient. Results showed that what ath-letes of individual sports in the comparison with athletes of group sports had greater Trait anxie-ty but less self – confidence. Correlation be-tween components somatic and cognitive of state anxiety similariy, between somatic com-ponent of state anxiety and trait anxiety, and somatic component and traite anxiety at (P=0/05) was average and positive, but between cognitive component of state anxiety and self-confidence at (P=0/05) was poor and negative. Likewise, correlation between somatic compo-nent of state anxiety and self-confidence at (P=0/05 ) was poor and negative. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Explaining superstitious behavior based on attachment styles and anxiety in the students of Bu Ali Sina University
Robabeh Azarmi Mehran Farhadi khosro rashid mosayeb Yarmohamadi Vasel

10.30486/jsrp.2019.564865.1278

The purpose of This study was the explaining of superstitious behavior based on attachment styles and anxiety. The design of this study was correlational in nature and the statistical population consisted of 12874 students of Bu'ali University based on the statistics of More

The purpose of This study was the explaining of superstitious behavior based on attachment styles and anxiety. The design of this study was correlational in nature and the statistical population consisted of 12874 students of Bu'ali University based on the statistics of the University of Bu'ali in the academic year of 2016-17. Among this population, 370 of them were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method using the sample size formula. In this study, we used superstitious behavior (researcher-made 1396) questionnaires, Hazan (1987) attachment styles, and Spielberger's (1970)state-trait anxiety and data was analyzed using Pearson-Product Moment correlation and multiple regression. The results revealed that anxiety can explain the superstitious behavior of the University students. Also attachment styles can explain this behavior. State anxiety cannot predict superstition, but trait anxiety can predict this behavior. Moreover, the avoidance style can predict superstition. The ambivalent attachment style predicts superstitious behavior more than that of the avoidance style. But secure attachment cannot predict this behavior. According to the findings, we can conclude that anxiety, especially trait anxiety, is effective in the creation of superstitious behavior. People with trait anxiety are highly prepared for this behavior. On the other hand, based on the previous research findings, the insecure attachment styles, especially the ambivalent ones, which are closely associated with anxiety, are involved in creating this behavior. Manuscript profile

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12 - Embodiment Of Deeds and Soul Faculties in Mystics’ Viewpoint
Akbar Asadalizadeh

According to mysticism and literary contexts, in the life after death, human beings would acquire an identity that is appropriate with their deeds and beliefs that leads to embodiment of their behavior, attributes and all goodness and badness of their soul faculties. More

According to mysticism and literary contexts, in the life after death, human beings would acquire an identity that is appropriate with their deeds and beliefs that leads to embodiment of their behavior, attributes and all goodness and badness of their soul faculties. If the attributes of predatory animals and savages overcome them and they used to get absorbed in lust and soul desires, they would obtain the form of predatory animals and savages. However, if they leave life with believing and obeying God’s commands, they would get into fairness, purity and sweet smelling. Anyone having insight would be able to observe the identity of his or her own and others. However, most persons are not able to do so. Once the veil of truth is removed and everyone is buried, all can be observed with insight while everyone is in proper features and shapes. Light and fairness of scorpions and serpents that surrounds them, in fact, are all the faculties and attributes that will be revealed in the world after life. Manuscript profile

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13 - حوزه معنایی اسم و صفت در ساخت نوع ادبی عرفانی (حدیقه سنایی)
Abbas Ali Vafaei Fatemeh Moradi

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Open Access Article

14 - The Role of Adjective as a Device in the Aesthetics Of Modern Poetry
hadi heidarinia aliye mehrabi

< p >Poetry seeks to achieve the most beautiful kind of speech and poet uses all his linguistic, musical, and eloquent abilities to elevate his speech from the aesthetics point of view. The aesthetics of poetry is examined in two aspects. External aspect including More

< p >Poetry seeks to achieve the most beautiful kind of speech and poet uses all his linguistic, musical, and eloquent abilities to elevate his speech from the aesthetics point of view. The aesthetics of poetry is examined in two aspects. External aspect including language, music, imagination, and internal aspect including content, emotion, and thought. In the Meanwhile, the role of each text''s element in the aesthetics of the work can be noticed because in one text all its components and different elements have a role in the creation of work''s beauty. Adjectives in poetry, in addition to their grammatical and syntactic roles, also have emotional, discursive, and eloquent meaning in direction of work''s beauty. Therefore, adjectives in literary piece or poetry, according to the role they have, can be named as device which applies to all the elements of poetry that are effective in the aesthetics of the text. The results of this study show that the poet''s creativity in using adjective, in addition to creating spiritual music in the modern poetry, can have a great effect on the creation of emotional atmosphere of modern poetry., due to the high frequency of poets'' use of adjectives in new poetry to strengthen internal and spiritual music, in addition to their use of the technique of creating compound adjectives; on the freshness and dynamism of their poetic language in comparison with poetry Traditional has been added. Adjectives play an important role in the field of imagination Manuscript profile

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15 - Rhetoric description in the story of Siavash
tooraj aghdaie

Description is one of the effective tools for portraying the constituent of existence what and how and social life, as the speaker has experienced. Although description is bond to the all poetic genres, it is firmly bond to the epic poems. For this reason, Ferdowsi, use More

Description is one of the effective tools for portraying the constituent of existence what and how and social life, as the speaker has experienced. Although description is bond to the all poetic genres, it is firmly bond to the epic poems. For this reason, Ferdowsi, used it more in his epic as poetic visualization and imagery. But in this paper, Ferdosi’s virtuosity in reality description has been exclusively evaluated in Siavash story. It will be appeared that the Toos wise sage is using description both in the horizontal and the vertical axis of the story. This means that sometimes he uses the appropriate adjectives to people and things for better expressing and visualizing their features, sometimes, providing an accurate picture of persons , the scenes things without using adjectival compounds. Demonstrating the power of Ferdowsi in description, at first we take a look on his description from the perspective of "instructions" point of view and then we pay attention to the application of the description in siavash story. We tried to explain its role and visualization on Ferdosi’s view during the story, as well. Description aesthetics is also so important in the story of Siavash . However aristocracy description elements that are part of life of Siavash and other characters are of other categories in this article. The data for this study are analyzed, described and reported with qualitative methods. The numbers near the bits or parts of verses refers to the number of verses of Shahnameh. Manuscript profile

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16 - As artistic roles in the creation of literary language, image and quality of emotion and thought in Shamlu
mehdi dehrami

As of the word that case, the name shows and other features. The word created from elements of poetic language over other elements of language reflects his approach to the phenomena and objects of affection and so on could be poetry lot of artistic values.issue. In the More

As of the word that case, the name shows and other features. The word created from elements of poetic language over other elements of language reflects his approach to the phenomena and objects of affection and so on could be poetry lot of artistic values.issue. In the field of construction of new characters, create music, movement characteristic traits of the old and the prominence of the language has been effective. Spiritually represent the emotion and tone of the poet's character and fitness traits create cohesion and build a cohesive space is poetic. In addition, the type and quality attributes that Shamloo about a phenomenon used to show that his thought. Created in the image as well as in the sense integration, creating metaphors and similes, descriptions and effective dynamics. Manuscript profile

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17 - تحلیل و بررسی کنایات دیوان دانش مشهدی
لیلا عدل پرور راضیه آقازاده

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18 - Eloquent and Aesthetical value of "Adjective"
ahmad hoseyn poor sar'karizy

In this research, "Adjective", it's roles in Persian grammar, it'seloquent value, the ways of it's beautification in Epic, lyric, Didactic andEthic works, are considered. Explaining the favorite and poeticadjectives, their grammatical out pot in the speech and their rol More

In this research, "Adjective", it's roles in Persian grammar, it'seloquent value, the ways of it's beautification in Epic, lyric, Didactic andEthic works, are considered. Explaining the favorite and poeticadjectives, their grammatical out pot in the speech and their roles inmaking special fields for their qualified are discussed too. in each casefor understanding better, some witnesses from different pots are included.So, in this grammatical article, the writer's main purpose is presenting anew glance at "Adjective" and having some new suitable concepts of it. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Presenting Structural Model of Emotional Eating by Predicting of Trait-State Anxiety with the Mediating Role of Emotional processing in People with Obesity
Seyyed Abbas Haghayegh Ashraf Babakhanlou Fardin moradi manesh Akram Dehghani

The research method was cross-sectional type of correlation. The statistical population of this study consisted of all obese people referring to health centers and diets in Tehran in 1398, of which 378 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Research tools More

The research method was cross-sectional type of correlation. The statistical population of this study consisted of all obese people referring to health centers and diets in Tehran in 1398, of which 378 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Research tools were Emotional Eating Duch's (1986), Trait-State Anxiety Spiel-Berger's (1970) and Emotional Processing Bakker et al.'s (2010) Questionnaire. Data analysis and analysis of SPSS-V23 and Lisrel-V8.8 software were used. Structural equation modeling was used to answer the research hypotheses. The results showed that there was a significant direct and negative effect on emotional well-being between trait-state anxiety. There is a significant indirect and negative effect on emotional processing between trait-state anxiety. There is also a significant indirect and negative effect on emotional processing between emotional processing. Therefore, it can be concluded that trait-state anxiety affects emotional eating with the Mediating Role of emotional processing in obese individuals. The findings support the existence of underlying psychological mechanisms in the development of obesity. Therefore, attention to these variables helps researchers and therapists to prevent and design more appropriate therapies. Manuscript profile

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20 - A critical review of descriptive verbs
fatemeh taghinezhad

The verb is used in two ways in the Persian language, which is used all the time and contains the person, time and individuals who call it a mere verb and a verb that is without time and person, that is, for all times and all Persons, in one form. The verb and the descr More

The verb is used in two ways in the Persian language, which is used all the time and contains the person, time and individuals who call it a mere verb and a verb that is without time and person, that is, for all times and all Persons, in one form. The verb and the descriptive aspect of the Persian grammar have been discussed and a lot of theories have been applied. According to the findings, it is deduced that a structural defect is both an adjective and an adjective attribute, and in a sentence, plays the role of an attribute or a condition of a state that can be applied to verbs with specific verbs, with verbs It will no longer be in the companion sentence, but it will not be substituted and equivalent with all verbs. In this research, we try to examine the significant number of writers in relation to the descriptive aspect, the verb, and the forms that are considered in these two cases, as well as to show how the form of a descriptor becomes a descriptive verb and How does the verb come together with other verbs and whether the comedy is a substitute for a meaning. Manuscript profile

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21 - The adjective maker suffixes in Faramarz Nameh
Sayyed Mohsen Sajedi Rad Tayebeh Najarzadeh

Hbsyh, any In this article we examined the adjective maker suffixes in Faramarz Nameh, that is a very old epic texts. Therefore we see, that these adjective makers have divided into two single meaning and multiple meaning groups. In multiple meaning suffixes, we have ex More

Hbsyh, any In this article we examined the adjective maker suffixes in Faramarz Nameh, that is a very old epic texts. Therefore we see, that these adjective makers have divided into two single meaning and multiple meaning groups. In multiple meaning suffixes, we have explained any concept that any suffix has been refer to it.  Some of the suffixes after combine with a noun or adverb or infinitive will make any adjective by some changes in vocabulary grammar. Sometimes also, the suffixes will be combined by adjective and without any change in grammar group, changes it into compound adjective. Persian language suffixes are numerous and expanded. In this little time of this article, we have only examined the adjective maker suffixes by limited witnesses from Faramarz Nameh distiches. It also has been examined the abundances frequency of them. Manuscript profile

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22 - A Typological Approach to Adjectives in Persian
Vali Rezaei Masoume Dyanati

The present study aims to describe adjective as one of the main parts of speech in Persian. The theoretical framework of the study draws upon Croft's Radical Construction Grammar (1991, 2001) as a universal-typological approach having a prototypical view on parts of spe More

The present study aims to describe adjective as one of the main parts of speech in Persian. The theoretical framework of the study draws upon Croft's Radical Construction Grammar (1991, 2001) as a universal-typological approach having a prototypical view on parts of speech. In line with this approach, Persian adjectives can be divided into four groups: the first includes prototypical and unmarked adjectives with modification as their propositional act function and property as their semantic class. The second contains words which modify but their semantic class is object. The third includes adjectives that their semantic class is action , although they modify. And the last group of adjectives in Persian is predicate adjectives proposing a property, although they ascribe. Manuscript profile

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23 - The relationship between personality traits, social support and sexual stereotypes with work-family conflict in entrepreneurship women
Mahbobeh Moradi Eiman Doreh Mohammad Asgari

  Introduction: Trade and economic globalization, and social change - economic factor that leads to the formal entry into the world of work and entrepreneurship of women outside the family environment.   Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the relation More

  Introduction: Trade and economic globalization, and social change - economic factor that leads to the formal entry into the world of work and entrepreneurship of women outside the family environment.   Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between five personality traits, social support and sexual stereotypes with work-family conflict in entrepreneurship women. Method: Sixty members of entrepreneurship women in Arak, Iran, completed Work-Family Conflict Scale, NEO-Personality Inventory Revised, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and sexual stereotypes scale. Results: The analyses by Pearson correlation showed that neuroticism had a positive relationship with work-family conflict and extroversion while consciousness had a negative relationship with work-family conflict. Regression analysis showed that work-family conflict significantly predicted consciousness and support by friends (R2= 0/216). Also, family-work conflict predicted social support by family and extroversion (R2= 0/464). Calculation: Social support from family and significant others, conscientiousness and extraversion personality traits have critical roles in Work - Family Conflict.     Manuscript profile

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24 - The Scientific analysis of tests Based on Classic theory and latent trait theory
Mohammad Ali Ahmadvand

Scientific test analysis is most popular means for the evaluation of student at universities. In order to study the quality of evalition at teacher training faculty, 4fields of study. Namely psychology was randomly chosen. Students answer sheets were analyzed in those 4 More

Scientific test analysis is most popular means for the evaluation of student at universities. In order to study the quality of evalition at teacher training faculty, 4fields of study. Namely psychology was randomly chosen. Students answer sheets were analyzed in those 4 teats. The aim of study was to check the reliability and validity, difficulty index and discrimination index of the tests. The hypothesis of research was that statistic indicates of reliability and validity is outside the optimized level in 4tests. The finding of research indicated that between 25 till 57% of the items related to4tests are unsuitable and the difficulty index, discriminative index, validity and reliability of the tests are outside the optimized level. Manuscript profile

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25 - بررسی ارتباط اضطراب خواندن و راهبرد های خواندن و درک مفاهیم در میان فراگیران زبان انگلیسی با درجات مختلف مهارت زبانی
مجتبی پارسال اصل مرجان وثوقی

10.30495/jal.2019.664543

مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین رابطه میان اضطراب خواندن در زبان انگلیسی و میزان بسندگی در خواندن و راهبردهای مورد استفاده فراگیران در هنگام بروز اضطراب خواندن و نوع استفاده از راهبردها و اضطراب خواندن صورت پذیرفت. بدین منظور، مقیاس اضطراب خواندن زبان خارجی توسط ساییتو و همکار More

مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین رابطه میان اضطراب خواندن در زبان انگلیسی و میزان بسندگی در خواندن و راهبردهای مورد استفاده فراگیران در هنگام بروز اضطراب خواندن و نوع استفاده از راهبردها و اضطراب خواندن صورت پذیرفت. بدین منظور، مقیاس اضطراب خواندن زبان خارجی توسط ساییتو و همکاران (1999) به منظور اندازه‌گیری سطح اضطراب شرکت‌کنندگان در خواندن و نیز پرسشنامه(SORS)  جهت بررسی راهبردهای خواندن اقتباس شده از مختاری و شعاری (2002) مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. پاسخهای شرکتکنندگان (تعداد = 100) در مورد وضعیت اضطراب خواندن و استفاده از راهبردها از طریق دو پرسشنامه ذکر شده جمعآوری شد. پاسخهای فراگیران ایرانی به راهبردهای خواندن در مواجهه با زمینههای اضطرابآور به سه بخش از جمله راهبردهای "جهانی"، "حل مسئله" و "پشتیبانی" بررسی گردید و نتایج بر روی سه نوع اضطراب خواندن از جمله "جزء به کل"، "کل به جزء" و "اضطراب محیطی" مربوط به خواندن کلاسی تحلیل شد. به منظور آزمون رابطه بین راهبردهای خواندن ترجیحی یادگیرندگان زبان انگلیسی ایرانی و سطوح اضطراب آنها، رگرسیون لاجیت چند جمله‌ای مورد استفاده قرار گرفت و مشخص شد که دانشجویان با سطوح اضطراب خواندن پایین، از راهکارهای حل مسئله در مقایسه با راهکارهای پشتیبانی و جهانی استفاده می‌کنند. در خصوص تعامل سطح بسندگی در خواندن فراگیران، نتایج حاکی از آن بود که در میان فراگیران با سطوح اضطراب پایین تر، احتمال استفاده از راهبرد های حل مساله کمتر شده و نتایج به نفع استفاده از راهبرد های پشتیبانی سوق می کند. در نهایت، نتایج احتمالی با توجه به بهبود دستورالعمل‌های خواندن برای دانش آموزان ایرانی مورد بحث قرار گرفته است.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - Construction, Validation, Reliability and Normalization of Academic State Motivation Inventory
Noushin Derakhshan Aliakbar Saif Alireza Kiamanesh Hasan Ahadi

The academic motivation due to its important role in school learning is the basis for several research in the field of educational psychology. However, less research has been paid to the distinction between state academic motivation and trait academic motivation. While More

The academic motivation due to its important role in school learning is the basis for several research in the field of educational psychology. However, less research has been paid to the distinction between state academic motivation and trait academic motivation. While there is no suitable tool for measuring this factor, this study aimed to make appropriate instrumentation to assess the academic motivation state. In order to achieve this goal, a questionnaire on the basis of theoretical principles in the areas of academic motivation was prepared. Through the pilot study and survey respondents and ten professors of psychology, the content related validity was confirmed, and its reliability in the pilot study with internal consistency and Cronbach`s alpha coefficient was calculated as. 0.95. This questionnaire had 53 questions for the final run conducted on a sample of 300 students of PNU based on random sampling. To analyze the research data, Bartlett`s sohericity test, factor analysis with various rotations, Cronbach`s alpha, percentage norm, and categorical norm were used. As a result of factor analysis and based on scree four factors were found in the academic motivation state questionnaire. Cronbach`s alpha coefficient for the total test was. 0.91, and for the subscales of interest in class and interpersonal communication 0.89, interest in competence and self – efficacy 0.68, interest in the course and field of study 0.67, and interest in praise and encouragement 0.76. Based on the performance of the participats, percentage norm table and categorical norm table were developed for the questionnar of academic state movtivation and its subscales. Highly valid and reliable tool with necessary standardization for application in educational and psychological research. Manuscript profile

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27 - Relationship between perceived parenting practices and maternal-paternal trait anxiety with young adults' anxiety
Khalil Esmaeilpour Leili Jamil

The purpose of present study was to investigate the relationship between perceived parenting practices and maternal-paternal trait anxiety with young adults' anxiety. To do so, 100 (50 female and 50 male) local students of Tabriz Public, and Azad Universities were selec More

The purpose of present study was to investigate the relationship between perceived parenting practices and maternal-paternal trait anxiety with young adults' anxiety. To do so, 100 (50 female and 50 male) local students of Tabriz Public, and Azad Universities were selected through volunteer sampling. Since parents were needed to fill questionnaires, the sample was selected among local students. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI; Spiel Berger, Gorsuch and Lushene, 1970) was used to measure parents and children's trait anxiety, and Children's Report of Parenting Behavior Inventory (CRPBI; Schaefer, 1965) was used for assessing children's perceptions of parenting practices. Data were analyzed through correlation and multiple regression methods. The results showed that there was positive, significant relationship between parents and children's anxiety. Also there was significant relationship between children's perceptions of parenting practices and offspring's anxiety, so that children's perception of accepting and over-controlling parenting, respectively, had negative and positive relationships with children's anxiety. Based on the results, it was concluded that parents with high anxiety and children's perception of parenting practices have incredible role in children's trait anxiety. Therefore, by training appropriate parenting practices to parents and reducing parents' anxiety the offspring's anxiety and its harmful traces could be reduced.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - A cognitive study of polysemy in loanwords of Farsi and Turkish of Azarbayejan
Nasser Abbasi Mohammadreza Oroji Behzad Rahbar Heidar Hassanlou

10.30495/irll.2020.675322

Polysemy is one of the most important issues that has been considered in different schools of linguistics and especially in cognitive approach. In this descriptive-documentary study, polysemy in loanwords of Persian and Turkish of Azerbaijani was discussed. The data sel More

Polysemy is one of the most important issues that has been considered in different schools of linguistics and especially in cognitive approach. In this descriptive-documentary study, polysemy in loanwords of Persian and Turkish of Azerbaijani was discussed. The data selected from local journals in Persian and Turkish languages, the Turkish-Persian dictionary of Shahmaresi and the Persian-Azerbaijani dictionary written by Behzadi. Prototypical meanings were based on the results of the interview and the linguistic intuition of the authors. Totally, 20 polysemous common adjectives identified from the corpuses and a radial network drawn from six of them. Among the cognitive mechanisms of polysemy creation, it was proved that conceptual metaphors would play the greatest role among them. Moreover, the connection between the meanings of polysemous adjectives is not accidental, but a systematic relationship existed and described by radial categorization. It was also found that the cognitive mechanisms of polysemy creation in Turkish and Persian common adjectives (loanwords) were the same and they differed only in the number of peripheral meanings which can be a step in confirming the sharing of human cognitive abilities. Also, high number of peripheral meanings in the target language may be due to the bilingualism and dynamic schematics. The results, along with complementary studies, can be applied in the field of language teaching, lexicography, more efficient translation machines and they will be helpful for all the stakeholders in the field. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - Pantheism from the Viewpoints of Rumi and Spinoza: a Comparative Study
مهناز صفائی هوادرق علی اصغر حلبی

Pantheism is one of the broadest concepts in the history of thought which can be traced back to the ancient times. Therefore, reaching a consensus about its true meaning is not an easy task. However, for improving our understanding about the pantheist thinkers it appear More

Pantheism is one of the broadest concepts in the history of thought which can be traced back to the ancient times. Therefore, reaching a consensus about its true meaning is not an easy task. However, for improving our understanding about the pantheist thinkers it appears necessary to deal with this concept comparatively. This article tries to survey the views of Rumi and Spinoza, two great thinkers of the history of thought, on knowledge and the ways of gaining it. It also tries to compare Rumi’s transcendental pantheism with Spinoza’s monistic pantheism, which apparently seem different, and enumerate their similarities. Manuscript profile

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30 - Presenting the structural model of emotional eating according to the prediction of trait-state anxiety with the mediating role of emotional processing in obese people
Ashraf Babakhanloo Seyyed Abbas Haghayegh Fardin Moradi Manesh Akram Dehghani

Obesity is one of the main causes of non-communicable diseases, which has a growing trend. The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a structural model of emotional eating with regard to the prediction of trait-state anxiety with the mediating role of em More

Obesity is one of the main causes of non-communicable diseases, which has a growing trend. The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a structural model of emotional eating with regard to the prediction of trait-state anxiety with the mediating role of emotional processing in obese people. The research method is correlation using structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this research was made up of all the obese people in Tehran in 2017, and among them, 378 people were selected using a staged sampling method. The research tools were: Dutch emotional eating (1986), Spielberger's state-trait anxiety (1970) and Bakker et al.'s (2010) emotional processing questionnaire, all of which had acceptable validity and reliability. In order to analyze the data, SPSS-V23 and Lisrel-V8.8 software were used. The findings showed that there is a negative relationship between trait-state anxiety and emotional eating. There is a negative relationship between trait-state anxiety and emotional processing, and there is a negative relationship between emotional eating and emotional processing. Therefore, it can be concluded from the results that trait-state anxiety has an effect on emotional eating with the mediating role of emotional processing in obese people. Therefore, paying attention to the mentioned variables helps researchers and therapists in prevention and designing more suitable treatments. Manuscript profile

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31 - مقایسه توانائی دانش‌آموزان عادی و تیزهوش بر پایه تئوری کلاسیک و سؤال– پاسخ
حیدر علی هومن مرضیه رحمانی

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32 - همترازسازی دو آزمون اضطراب کتل و اشپیلبرگر در دبیرستانهای شهر تهران
حیدر علی هومن حمیدرضا وطن خواه افسانه حاتمی کیا عماالدرین احمدی سرتختی

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33 - ارتباط بین استفاده از یادگیری و مشاهده ای و اعتماد به نفس در ورزشکاران نخبه
فرشید طهماسبی فرزانه حاتمی الهام حاتمی شاه میر

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34 - The study of adjective making suffixes in Ferdowsi’s epic masterpiece, Shahnameh
Azam Ghotbizade Maryam Tavoossi

Abstract Prefixes and suffixes are significant morphemes or words which aid linguists to make new words and parts of speech such as nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and verbs.  By making thousands of scientific and technical terms, on one hand morphemes enrich Persian More

Abstract Prefixes and suffixes are significant morphemes or words which aid linguists to make new words and parts of speech such as nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and verbs.  By making thousands of scientific and technical terms, on one hand morphemes enrich Persian language, and on the other hand to a large extent create a barrier to keep intact the Persian language from the invasion of foreign expressions.  The study of adjective making suffixes in Shahnameh which is a fine repository of dictions and is an embodiment of eloquence in the Persian language is of utmost importance in order to make correct adjectives and to determine the ancient ways of making adjectives.  The research shows that Ferdowsi had masterly used about 26 suffixes to make adjectives and had drawn variety of meanings from them. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - The study of how Ferdowsi applied prefixes to form new adjectives in Shahnameh
Azam Ghotbizadeh

Abstract   The subject of word formation through using prefixes and suffixes has a long history since upon their addition to create thousands of new words new concepts and meanings find new expressions.  Ferdowsi and his masterpiece, Shahnameh enjoy great na More

Abstract   The subject of word formation through using prefixes and suffixes has a long history since upon their addition to create thousands of new words new concepts and meanings find new expressions.  Ferdowsi and his masterpiece, Shahnameh enjoy great national and international fame and their names have always been synonymous with the sweet Persian language.  Ferdowsi and Shahnameh have been studied from different aspects, yet the writer of this article looks at Shahnameh from the linguistic perspective as far as the adjectives and their structures are concerned.  What were the possibilities of forming new words in the Persian language in Shahnameh?  Was Ferdowsi familiar with adjective making prefixes and suffixes and to what extent did he apply them to create new adjectives?  The purpose of this article is to find answers for the above questions.  This study had made use of statistical, documentary, and library based methods.  The results obtained are the outcome of two years of research on all the adjectives built in Shahnameh.  Finally the author of this article came to the conclusion that Ferdowsi was well familiar with the prefix making adjectives and he had applied that knowledge to form many adjectives to convey various meanings.  Certainly it is no wonder that Shahnameh is recognized as a treasury of lexis in the Persian language. Manuscript profile

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