-
Open Access Article
1 - The Purpose of Ibn Farīghūn for Jawāmeʿ al-ʿulūm's writing: Viewpoints Review
Taher Babaei Ahmad Badkubeh HazavehJawāmeal-ʿulūm,a work from fourth-century AH in Transoxiana, consists of valuable information about administration and various kinds of science. There are many studies on the book that depicted distinctive contemplations on the subject of book and its author purpose. Th MoreJawāmeal-ʿulūm,a work from fourth-century AH in Transoxiana, consists of valuable information about administration and various kinds of science. There are many studies on the book that depicted distinctive contemplations on the subject of book and its author purpose. This article is expressing, comparing and finally criticizing the different points of view with contents of Jawāmeal-ʿulūm. It is concluded that the book is a collection of ethical information and also the knowledge of government structure, which has been written for high-ranking officials. References Abu Yaʿlā, Muḥammad b. al-Ḥusayn al-Farrā, al-aḥkām al-sulṭāniyya, Revised by Muḥammad ḥāmid al-Fiḳī, Beirut, Dar al-Kotob al-Ilmiyah, 2000 AD/1421 AH. Alam, Hooshang, “Jawāmiʿ al-ʿulūm athar-i Ibn Farighūn”, Negar Naderi(trans.), History of Science (journal-JIHS), No.8, 1388/ 2009. Al-Davoud, Seyyed Ali, “Āl-i Farīghūn”, The Great Islamic Encyclopaedia, Kazem Mousavi Bojnourdi (as supervisor), The Centre For The Great Islamic Encyclopaedia, 1368/1989. Al- Fārābī, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad, Iḥṣā al-ulūm, Revised by Alī Bū-Mulḥim, Beirut, Dar wa Maktaba al-Hilāl, 1996 AD/ 1416 AH. Ibn Abī al-Rabīʿ, Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad, Sulūk al-mālik fī tadbīr al-Mamālik, Revised by ʿArif Aḥmad ʿAbd al-Ghanī, Damascus, Dar Kanān, 1996 AD/1435 AH. Ibn Farighūn, Mūttaghbī, Jawāmi al-ulūm, Revised by Ḳays Kāẓim Djannābī, Cairo, Maktaba al-Thiḳāfa al-Dīnīya, 2006 AD/1426 AH. Ibid,Jawāmi al-ulūm,Fuad Sezgin (photo ed.), Frankfurt, manshūrāt maʿhad taʾrikh al-ʿulūm al-ʿarabīya wa al-islāmīya (Institut für Geschichte der ArabischIslamischen Wissenschaften), 1985 AD/1405 AH. Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ, Rasāil ikhwān al-ṣafā wa-khullān al-wafā Revised by ʿArif Tāmir, Beirut, Manshūrāt-i ʿUwayyadāt, (un d.). Ibn al-Nadīm, Abu ʾl-Faradj Muḥammad b. Abī Yaʿḳūb Isḥāḳ, Kitāb al- fihrist, Revised by Reza Tajadod, Tehran, Intisharāt-i Asadī, 1350/1971. Kallek, Cengiz, s.v.“Cevamiu l-ulum”, in DİA, Vol.7, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı Yayınları İşletmesi, İstanbul, 1993 AD/1413 AH. Khadiv Jam, Hossein, Darāsāt ḥawl kitāb-i jawāmi al-ulūm, Shaʾyā b. Farighūn( Ballad), Tehran,(Un d.). 1350/1971. Ibid,“kitāb-i jawāmiʿ al-ʿulūm”,nāma-Mīnuwī. Habib Yaghmaei (as supervisor), Iraj Afshar, with cooperation of Muhammad Roshan, Tehran, Nashr-i Sanāʾī, 1350/1971. Al-Khwārazmī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad b. Yūsuf, Mafātīḥ al-ulūm, Revised by Ibrāhīm al-Ābyārī, Beirut, Dār al-Kutub Arabī, 1989 AD/1409 AH. Mirjafari, Hossein, Asghar Montazer al-Ghaem, Muhammad Bagher Khazaeli, “Kitāb Jawāmiʿ al-ʿulūm wa ṭabaḳa bandī-i ʿilm”,Pazhūhish-nāma Tarikh, Islamic Azad University of Bojnourd, No.22, 1390/ 2011(Spring). Minorsky, Vladimir, Hawāshī wa talīḳāt bar ḥudūd al-ulam min al-mashriḳ ilā al-maghrib (translated and explained by V. Minorsky; with the preface by V. V. Barthold), Mir Hossein Shah(trans.), Kabul, Intishārāt-i Danishkadih Adabīyat Danishgah Kābul, 1342/1963. Mohaghegh, Mehdi, “Taḳsīm Bandī-i ʿulūm az Naẓar-i Dānishmandān-i Islāmī”, Politic Quarterly, No.1, 1370/1991. Roodgar, Ghanbar-Ali, “Dānishnāma Nigārī”, Dānishnāma Djahān-i Islām (The Encyclopedia of the Islamic World), Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel (as supervisor), Vol.17, Tehran, The Center For The Great Islamic Encyclopedia, 1392/2013. Al-Ṣūlī, Abū bakr Muḥammad b. Yaḥyā, Adab al-Kitāb, Revised by Muḥammad Bahdjat al-Atharī, Cairo, Maṭbaʿa al-Salafyya, 1922 AD/1341 AH. Vesel, Živa, Les Encyclopédies Persanes: Essai de Typologie et de Classification des Sciences, Institut francais de recherché en Iran, Bibliothèque iranienne no.31, Paris, Editions Recherche sur les civilizations, 1986 AD/1406 AH. Yāḳūt Ḥamawī, Shihāb al-Dīn, Mudjam al-Udabā (irshād al- arīb ilā marifat al-adīb), Beirut, Dar al-Gharb Islāmī, 1993 AD /1414 AH. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Investigating the Involvement of Customer Decision Making by Reflecting on the Synergistic Backgrounds of Brand Value, Brand Love, and Brand Identity in Online Brand Communities
mohamad Hadi Asgari Ali EinyObjective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the conflict between customer purchasing decision making and reflection on the synergistic antecedents of brand value, brand love and brand identity in online brand communities.Method: The present study is a descrip MoreObjective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the conflict between customer purchasing decision making and reflection on the synergistic antecedents of brand value, brand love and brand identity in online brand communities.Method: The present study is a descriptive-survey study based on the applied purpose. Customers and buyers of Digi Kala online store products were considered as a statistical population. A total of 384 people were selected based on Cochran's formula and available sampling method as the sample size of the research. Standard questionnaires were used to measure the research variables. The validity of the research instrument was confirmed using face validity, content and factor analysis, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient greater than 0.7 for different structures confirmed their reliability. . Data analysis was performed by structural equation modeling using LISREL software.Findings: The research findings showed that brand identity has a positive and significant effect on brand love, brand value synergy and customer purchasing decision involvement. Love for the brand has a positive and significant effect on customer conflict decision making conflict. Synergy of brand value has a positive and significant effect on customer purchase decision conflict.Conclusion: The results indicate that brand identity by considering the mediating role of brand love and synergy of brand value have a significant effect on customer decision making conflict. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Content Strategies in Social Media: Health-Oriented Brand Communities in Iran
kianoush nazari ameleh pejman jafari farhad ghaffariIntroduction: The rapid growth of social media has created many opportunities for health professionals to undertake a large part of their marketing activities in this area. The main objective of the current study is to fully understand the main factors of the content st MoreIntroduction: The rapid growth of social media has created many opportunities for health professionals to undertake a large part of their marketing activities in this area. The main objective of the current study is to fully understand the main factors of the content strategy in Instagram social media health clinics to increase the engagement of brand community members. Methods: The present study was done in two stages. In the first stage, through the investigation of previous studies and deep interview with 8 native experts the model has been designed. Second stage, relations between the variables of the model were investigated. In the method, a multiple case study, 1572 posts of Instagram, 8 health clinics, were coded and analyzed using a netnography method during a year. Results: At 95% confidence level there was a significant relationship between the content type (p<0.001( and hashtag (p<0.000( with the customer engagement variables and between the content agility (p<0.001( with the customer engagement (except of save post and discovery percentage), and between the content day (p<0.001( with the customer engagement variables (except of discovery percentage and impression), and relationship between content context (p<0.001( with customer engagement (except of profile visit and discovery percentage) and tone of voice (p<0.002( with customer engagement (with the exception of likes, discovery percentage and new folowers). Conclusion: The resulting factors help the health clinics to optimize the content of their brand community, which can increase the number of members of a brand community and engage them with content. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The effect of social media on brand community markers, value creation practice, bran trust and brand loyalty (case study: comparison between Apple (Iphone) and Samsung’s (Galaxcy) mobile)
مریم کناره فرد سید علیرضا موسویThe combination of both brand community and social media leads to a concept that we call social media based brand community which is a subset of the broader concept of ‘‘virtual communities’’ or online brand communities; but the main differentiat MoreThe combination of both brand community and social media leads to a concept that we call social media based brand community which is a subset of the broader concept of ‘‘virtual communities’’ or online brand communities; but the main differentiator is their platforms. In this article, we explore whether brand communities based on social media (a special type of online brand communities) have positive effects on the main community elements and value creation practices in the communities as well as on brand trust and brand loyalty. For this purpose the users of Apple (Iphone) and Samsung (Galaxy) cell phones in Shiraz are considered as the statistical society which due to the unlimited statistical society and lack of access to all of them, two samples included 196 people has been selected randomly and studied in the third 3 months of year 91 by using the standard questionnaire of the researcher Michael Laroch et al. (2012). On the other hand in order to discuss the relation between the research variables the Pierson correlation and for the hypothesis test of research the path analyse are used to evaluate the structure of the recommended framework. In order to do this SPSS Amos16.0 software is used. This research has about twenty hypothesis which are after the hypothesis analyse and statistical analysis at the surety level of 95% for the Apple’s customer eighteen hypothesis were accepted and two of them were rejected, and for the customers of Samsung, sixteen hypothesis were accepted and four of them were rejected. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Branding co-creation through customers participation in digital media
Ali Akbar Khademi Ali Boromandnasab Hanieh FarazandehConsumers have the ability to influence brands through social networking sites, enabling consumers to actively create content on these social networking sites in relation to their companies. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effective factors of brand crea MoreConsumers have the ability to influence brands through social networking sites, enabling consumers to actively create content on these social networking sites in relation to their companies. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effective factors of brand creation that include: participatory motivations of social networking sites, consumer participation, trust, brand loyalty and loyalty in social media brand communities among students of Azad University and Dezfol. This study is practical in view of purpose and according to Collection data method is descriptive survey. The statistical population of this study include students of Azad University in Dezfol. The Sample size according to Cochran formula is obtained 384 with available sampling method. The validity was confirmed by expert and reliability is confirmed with Cronbach Alpha. In order to analyze data is used SPSS and Amos software. The result show that the Motivations for social networking sites participation positively influence consumer participation and this in turn has significant effects on brand trust and brand loyalty. As a result, both brand trust and brand loyalty have a positive effect on branding co-creation. In addition, brand trust as a mediating variable between customer participation and brand loyalty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The Effect of Social Media on Brand Community Markers, Value Creation Practice, Brand Trust and Brand Loyalty (Case Study: Comparison between Apple (Iphone) and Samsung’s (Galaxy) Mobile)
S. A. Mousavi M. KenarehfardThe combination of both brand community and social media leads to a concept that we call social media based brand community which is a subset of the broader concept of ‘‘virtual communities’’ or online brand communities; but the main differentiat MoreThe combination of both brand community and social media leads to a concept that we call social media based brand community which is a subset of the broader concept of ‘‘virtual communities’’ or online brand communities; but the main differentiator is their platforms. In this article, we explore whether brand communities based on social media (a special type of online brand communities) have positive effects on the main community elements and value creation practices in the communities as well as on brand trust and brand loyalty. For this purpose the users of Apple (Iphone) and Samsung (Galaxy) cell phones in Shiraz are considered as the statistical society which due to the unlimited statistical society and lack of access to all of them, two samples included 196 people has been selected randomly and studied in the third 3 months of year 91 by using the standard questionnaire of the researcher Michael Laroch et al. (2012). On the other hand in order to discuss the relation between the research variables the Pierson correlation and for the hypothesis test of research the path analyze are used to evaluate the structure of the recommended framework. In order to do this SPSS Amos 16.0 software is used. This research has about twenty hypothesis which are after the hypothesis analyze and statistical analysis at the surety level of 95% for the Apple’s customer eighteen hypothesis were accepted and two of them were rejected, and for the customers of Samsung, sixteen hypothesis were accepted and four of them were rejected. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Assessment of the awareness level of local forest communities about the forests in the north of the country in Biliran, Amol
Hasan Nayim-Hasani Ali SheykholeslamiThe present study was conducted to assess the levels of awareness and sensitivity of forest dwellers on the northern forest issues in drainage basin number 53 located in Amol city (Blair forests). The study method in this study was the descriptive-analytical method thro MoreThe present study was conducted to assess the levels of awareness and sensitivity of forest dwellers on the northern forest issues in drainage basin number 53 located in Amol city (Blair forests). The study method in this study was the descriptive-analytical method through documentary research and field study. The statistical population of the study included 100 rural households in the forest basin as well as passengers (tourists) and a random sampling method with a questionnaire was used to collect data. The reliability of the measuring instrument was confirmed by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.78). The main results of the study showed that the level of awareness for the benefits and environmental role of northern forests was 89.9% and the level of awareness for the economic benefits was 77.7% and was high. This study also showed that people's interaction with the region's forests is not very satisfactory. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Assessment and analysis of effective factors on firewood and charcoal smuggling in local communities of the central Zagros, Ilam Province
Ali Mahdavi Majid Gholamhosseini Mohamad SalavarziApproximately, 30 percent of rural residents of Ilam County and Holeilan division are engaged in smuggling firewood and preparing charcoal alongside agricultural and livestock activities. Such activities of smuggling firewood and preparing charcoal are the main causes o MoreApproximately, 30 percent of rural residents of Ilam County and Holeilan division are engaged in smuggling firewood and preparing charcoal alongside agricultural and livestock activities. Such activities of smuggling firewood and preparing charcoal are the main causes of the cutting of trees and deforestation in these areas. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting firewood smuggling and charcoal production in the local communities of Ilam County and Holeilan district and to survey the status of charcoal in the livelihood and income of the villagers in the study area. In this study, the data were collected through a library study and a questionnaire. In the interview section, the attitudes and factors affecting charcoal production were investigated by directly communicating with the studied households. According to the results of factor analysis and examination of items (variables) related to each factor and their factor loadings, three economic-social, legal, and cultural-social factors were identified. The results of factor analysis showed that the first factor (socio-economic) with a specific value of 7.45 had the highest share (62.15%) and the third factor (socio-cultural) with a specific value of 1.15 had the lowest share (9.63%) in total variance explanation. The results of the investigations regarding the status of coal mining in the livelihood system of the studied households showed that each charcoal mining household in the area of Ilam city had 10,800,000 Rials and in Helilan district 11,400,000 Rials on average from the sale of coal in 2019. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The role of social apathy in the brand crisis caused by the food safety scandal in under development societies
sara hamidi Karim Hamdi Mohammad Hassan BehzadiDue to the high use of technology, fast delivery, meeting customer expectations in a competitive world and huge competition in the food industry, food safety scandal has become a common phenomenon (Utkal Khandelwal et al.2018). As a result, the main purpose of this arti MoreDue to the high use of technology, fast delivery, meeting customer expectations in a competitive world and huge competition in the food industry, food safety scandal has become a common phenomenon (Utkal Khandelwal et al.2018). As a result, the main purpose of this article is to identify the indicators and components of the brand crisis and its antecedents and consequences. For this purpose, interpretive paradigm, qualitative approach, and the theory of grand theory (data foundation) were used. In order to reach professors and experts in the field of marketing, especially the brand, the snowball sampling method was chosen and the tactic of hidden content analysis was used to analyze in-depth interviews and related articles of the day. Since the data format was audio and text, MAXQDA 2020 software was used for coding. Findings and results show that employer branding (employee engagement), strategic marketing management, country infrastructure are the main antecedents of the brand crisis. Indifference to brand revenge is also a major consequence under development societies. In fact, the main gap between developing societies and developed countries in the lack of employee engagement is due to the anomic situation and consumers apathetic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Proposing a Social Solidarity Model and its Role in Family Intergroup Solidarity in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Tehran City
Mohammad ShapouriThis research has been conducted to examine social solidarity and its role in family intergroup solidarity in developing countries, with a focus on a case study of Tehran city. Based on the previous findings and an examination of related theories in this field, the theo MoreThis research has been conducted to examine social solidarity and its role in family intergroup solidarity in developing countries, with a focus on a case study of Tehran city. Based on the previous findings and an examination of related theories in this field, the theoretical foundations of institutionalism, systems and new institutionalism approaches have been chosen as the theoretical framework of the research. This is a quantitative survey research, with a statistical population of families living in Tehran in 2016 and a sample size of 598 people. The study has used "cluster and probability sampling". All required data for this research have been collected with a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed through descriptive statistics, one dimensional and two dimensional and inferential tables in SPSS. In order to measure the validity and reliability of the collected data, Cronbach's alpha has been drawn upon. In addition, the face validity has been obtained by researchers and experts' judgments.According to the results, the main hypothesis of the research was confirmed, meaning that there is a weak but positive significant correlation between social solidarity and family intergroup solidarity. Of the secondary hypotheses, those proposing a relationship between the variables of age, marriage type and race with social solidarity were accepted and those suggesting a relationship between the variables of education level, employment status and length of residency in Tehran with social solidarity were not proved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Globalization and structural changes in rural society
Mansour Vosoughi Ali Imani Ali Kazemi -
Open Access Article
12 - The Role of Social Indifference in the Branding Crisis caused by Food Security Scandals in Developing Societies
Sara Hamidi Karim Hamdi Mohammad Hassan Behzadi -
Open Access Article
13 - Proposing a Social Solidarity Model and its Role in Family Intergroup Solidarity in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Tehran City
Mohammad Shapouri Bagher Saroukhani Mohammad Sadegh MahdaviThis research has been conducted to examine social solidarity and its role in family intergroup solidarity in developing countries, with a focus on a case study of Tehran city. Based on the previous findings and an examination of related theories in this field, the theo MoreThis research has been conducted to examine social solidarity and its role in family intergroup solidarity in developing countries, with a focus on a case study of Tehran city. Based on the previous findings and an examination of related theories in this field, the theoretical foundations of institutionalism, systems and new institutionalism approaches have been chosen as the theoretical framework of the research. This is a quantitative survey research, with a statistical population of families living in Tehran in 2016 and a sample size of 598 people. The study has used "cluster and probability sampling". All required data for this research have been collected with a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed through descriptive statistics, one dimensional and two dimensional and inferential tables in SPSS. In order to measure the validity and reliability of the collected data, Cronbach's alpha has been drawn upon. In addition, the face validity has been obtained by researchers and experts' judgments. According to the results, the main hypothesis of the research was confirmed, meaning that there is a weak but positive significant correlation between social solidarity and family intergroup solidarity. Of the secondary hypotheses, those proposing a relationship between the variables of age, marriage type and race with social solidarity were accepted and those suggesting a relationship between the variables of education level, employment status and length of residency in Tehran with social solidarity were not proved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The Evaluation and Analysis of Institutional and Physical Resilience of Urban Neighborhoods of Sanandaj
sirvan bahrami rahim Sarvar farideh asadianBecause of intensity and short time of effectiveness on human communities, natural events and risks have turned into one of the primary concerns of urban planners and managers in past few years. Therefore, resilience as a proper approach for reduction of risks of crises MoreBecause of intensity and short time of effectiveness on human communities, natural events and risks have turned into one of the primary concerns of urban planners and managers in past few years. Therefore, resilience as a proper approach for reduction of risks of crises and risks was adopted in the present study. The primary objective of this survey is measurement of resilience from institutional-organizational aspects so as to determine the capability to address natural events in Sanandaj City. In this regard, the statistical population of present study includes those families who live in three neighborhoods of Sanandaj City.Drawing on results of consensus in 2011, interviews with relevant authorities, and distribution of questionnaire, 383 families were chosen through Cochran’s formula. In order to analyze the collected data, quantitative-survey methods were used. The analysis of collected data was done through SPSS Software and analytic network process (ANP) was done through Super Decisions Software which contributes to determination of significance of each item. The results of present study suggest that there is a significant association between resilience of sampled neighborhoods and their resilience from institutional-organizational and physical-environmental aspects. As a result, change of each aspect contributes to variation of resilience of families Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Some guidelines for sustainable rural developments with emphasis on applied Geography
علیرضا EstelajiFrom the view point of applied geography, the programming of the “rural sustainabledevelopment” is a process through wich all the environmental, economic, social andphysical factors are so internally integrated and adaptable with the climatic conditions.Havi MoreFrom the view point of applied geography, the programming of the “rural sustainabledevelopment” is a process through wich all the environmental, economic, social andphysical factors are so internally integrated and adaptable with the climatic conditions.Having this perspective in mind, we can claim that the rural regions lake thesustainability needed for geographical zones. Therefore, it is considered essential that athorough and extensive programming for sustainable development should be designedand well accomplished with regards to both regional biological factors and also thesystematic concepts toghether with environmental-conceptual and behavioralgeography.In this respect, an analytical essay has been complied and prepared focusing on theexisting sustainable rural developments throughout the country (IRAN), with somecertain case studies of certain regions.In addition, in this extract several guidelines and recommentation of methods ofsustainable rural developments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Investigating the Effect of Carbon Sequestration Project on Local Community Empowerment: A Case of Tilabad Watershed in Golestan Province
Nafiseh Emami Amir Ahmadpour Ahmad Abedi Sarvestani Mohamad Reza ShahrakiEmpowerment of local communities is the most integral part of participatory plans in natural resources management. This research aimed to investigate one of natural resources participatory projects entitled Carbon Sequestration Project (CSP) in empowering local communit MoreEmpowerment of local communities is the most integral part of participatory plans in natural resources management. This research aimed to investigate one of natural resources participatory projects entitled Carbon Sequestration Project (CSP) in empowering local communities in Tilabad Watershed region of Azad Shahr county in Golestan province. The study population consisted of 1309 members of 100 small rural credit funds with at least two years of experiences in three villages of Vamanan, Sibchal and Kashidar. Using Krejcie-Morgan table, 298 samples were selected. Data were collected by a questionnaire that its validity and reliability were confirmed by faculty members and Cranach’s alpha coefficient respectively. Results showed that CSP had positive impact on empowerment of local communities. The impact was the highest on psychological dimension whereas impact on economic dimension was the lowest. The results also showed that there were no significant relationships between respondents' personal characteristics and different dimensions of empowerment. Furthermore, impact of this project was more for gardener, members of the cooperatives, recipient of loan and participants in extension education courses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Local Communities Attitudes towards the Construction of the Beheshtabad Reservoir Dam in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province
Esmail Karamidehkord Ladan Naderi Soleiman BahmaniConstructing reservoir dams for water storage and inter-basin water transfer is one of the main policies of recent decades in Iran for providing water that can have numerous positive or negative impacts on dam-affected local communities living in origin basin or people MoreConstructing reservoir dams for water storage and inter-basin water transfer is one of the main policies of recent decades in Iran for providing water that can have numerous positive or negative impacts on dam-affected local communities living in origin basin or people living in the receiving watersheds. This research aimed to investigate local communities' attitude towards the construction of the Beheshtabad reservoir dam in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province using a survey methodology. A sample of 200 out of 3514 households of the origin basin who may be affected if the dam is constructed was randomly selected. The data were collected using the structured interview technique and a questionnaire confirmed in terms of validity and reliability measures. Local communities tended to have negative attitude towards constructing the dam, particularly that it would cause the destruction of the basin's environment and nature and escalating rural-urban migration and socio-cultural abnormalities of local communities. Regression analysis showed that the attitude is explained by dependency on natural resources, having agricultural occupation, land area, the number of days working as nonagricultural laborer, access to external services and facilities and income from handcraft production. The households with higher dependency on natural resources and with occupations depended on the area, particularly agriculture and sales occupation, had higher negative attitudes, while the households who worked outside the origin basin, specially nonagricultural workers, and the households with higher access to external services and facilities and resources less affected by the dam had less negative attitudes towards the dam construction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Heaven in Emanuel Swedenborg’s View
habib bashirpour Shahram PazoukiAlthough in cultures and religions, the living conditions of the righteous after death in heaven is explained in different ways, but common to all of them is that heaven is a place of comfort and convenience. Swedenborg who is a Protestant Christian, depicted paradise s MoreAlthough in cultures and religions, the living conditions of the righteous after death in heaven is explained in different ways, but common to all of them is that heaven is a place of comfort and convenience. Swedenborg who is a Protestant Christian, depicted paradise structure based on his intuition and in accord with Christian concepts. His heaven is based on love to the Lord. In the afterlife, the better qualities from the Lord in his inside, more of the light of God will benefit. We were created to become an angel, and the Lord creates Paradise for those who are in heaven and angels and all the blessings of love and wisdom God gives them. Lord is man and heaven is his image; the angels are like human beings. The inner side of man is form of heaven to the extent that the inner qualities of love and faith is; but different from humans with angels is that the the outer layers of man is form of this world, and to the extent that we engage in charitable and good, world into us becomes a paradise. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Factors affecting participation in forest management programs in rural community in the north of Iran
Kiomars Sefidi Elaheh Alibabaie Morteza MoridiBackground and Objective: Nowadays, participation of local communities has been recognized as a suitable approach to reach sustainable forest management. Participation of local communities in conservational projects and forest management can ensure the sustainable manag MoreBackground and Objective: Nowadays, participation of local communities has been recognized as a suitable approach to reach sustainable forest management. Participation of local communities in conservational projects and forest management can ensure the sustainable management of forest. Method: This study aims to investigate the factors affecting social acceptability and intention to participate rural communities in forest management using field survey and questionnaire in Najardeh village near the Kheyrood forest in the north of Iran. The conceptual model used in this research was examined by defining 9 hypotheses, modeling structural equations and confirmatory factor analysis. Findings: Statistical test results showed no significant difference between men and women tendencies to participate. Among the whole variables related to the respondents, education and occupational status of people did not show a significant difference in terms of tendency to participate. The results of correlation study and confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the subjective norm is the most important factor affecting the tendency of villagers to participate in forest management and social acceptability of the project. Moreover, simplicity of the participation and the perceived usefulness positively and directly affect the tendency of villagers to participate in forestry projects. Discussion and Conclusion: Accordingly, if the goal is to increase rural participation in forestry projects, then building trust and enhancing the knowledge of villagers about the simplicity and usefulness of participation can be helpful. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Investigation of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Besed on Bio-indicator in Zarin-Gol River, Golestran Provinc
Mohammad Gholizadeh Mohammad Hadi PakravanBackground and Objective: Due to increasing population and demand for aquatic products and protein, in recent years the construction of fish farms, especially cold-water fish farms along the rivers has increased, and the effluent discharge of these farms without any tre MoreBackground and Objective: Due to increasing population and demand for aquatic products and protein, in recent years the construction of fish farms, especially cold-water fish farms along the rivers has increased, and the effluent discharge of these farms without any treatment to the natural habitats of adverse and destructive effects. Eating the natural balance of the water will help the ecosystems. Among the most important communities of rivers and streams are large invertebrates. These organisms are able to represent water quality changes as a biological indicator. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of untreated effluent of fish farms on large invertebrates of Zarrin Ghee brook, because the inflow of these effluents into streams and rivers affects the structure and composition of streams, causing disruption of ecological balance. Method: In the present study large biodiversity of aquatic invertebrates as well as water quality using biomarkers in Zarrin River, Golestan province in winter 2015 and spring 1395 m2 at 4 stations and monthly (at entry, exit and 500 and 1000 m downstream farm) Fish breeding) was done by sampling with a Surface bumper level of 0.09 m 2 in three replications. Samples were fixed with 4% formalin and isolated, counted and counted in the laboratory. Findings: Increased human activities, including the presence of fish farms in the area, can contaminate the surface water of the river. A total of 2179 specimens of large benthic invertebrates were identified, belonging to 35 genera, 28 families and 9 orders. Frequency of these organisms, were respectively Diptera with 46.9%, Ephemeroptera with 27.7%, Trichoptera with 16.9% and Lmbricida with 2.31% and the rest with 6.19%. Discussion and Conclusion: The result sowed that Shannon diversity, Evenness, TBI, IBI and IRWQISC were good indicators for water quality assessment in the study stations. In general, water quality in study area except station 2 (after fish farm) was desirable that the necessity of efficient water management to improve water quality in this region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Modeling of villagers' behavior in the face of drought risk in Lake Urmia (Case study: villages in Bonab County)
Alireza Soleimani Majid Parishan Ali Majnouni- ToutakhaneBackground and Objective: Perception of risk leads to the regulation of practical behaviors to deal with it. The purpose of this study is to analyze the experimental behaviors of villagers in Bonab city to understand the risk of drought in Lake Urmia. For this purpose, MoreBackground and Objective: Perception of risk leads to the regulation of practical behaviors to deal with it. The purpose of this study is to analyze the experimental behaviors of villagers in Bonab city to understand the risk of drought in Lake Urmia. For this purpose, a combination of individual and social approaches was used. Material and Methodology: The present study is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the study is residents over 15 years old in 29 villages of Bonab city, which is equal to 23653 people. Using Cochran's method and simple random method, 380 people were selected as the sample size. The tool used in this research is a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and multivariate regression tests, and path analysis. Findings: The results of path analysis on the dependent variable showed that drought-tolerant crop, knowledge and skills, income, age, length of stay, participation in training programs, and modernization of irrigation canals have a direct effect on practical behaviors to reduce drought risk. Also, the results of path analysis on the dependent variable of intention to perform risk reduction behaviors in the future, showed that the variables of cultivation of drought-tolerant crops, self-efficacy, age, level of education, trust, previous experience, and responsibility have a positive effect and optimistic bias variables, income, and age. The risk perception variable had a negative effect. Indirect effects through the two variables of believes and income also affect the variable of intention to reduce the risk of drought. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the research results, the perception of drought risk by the villagers, this understanding has not yet changed the behavior of the rural community in practice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - انتخاب رهبران رای با استفاده از الگوریتم بهینه سازی گرگ خاکستری در شبکه های اجتماعی
صمد محمد اقدم فرهاد سلیمانیان قره چپق محمد مصدریسرویس های شبکه های اجتماعی دیجیتال همان شبکه های اجتماعی هستند که مردم به اصطلاح عامیانه از این واژه استفاده می کنند. پلتفرم های رسانه های اجتماعی و وب سایت هایی که انتقال دانش از طریق شبکه های اجتماعی را امکان پذیر می کنند، ابزارهای دیجیتالی هستند که برای ساخت شبکه های Moreسرویس های شبکه های اجتماعی دیجیتال همان شبکه های اجتماعی هستند که مردم به اصطلاح عامیانه از این واژه استفاده می کنند. پلتفرم های رسانه های اجتماعی و وب سایت هایی که انتقال دانش از طریق شبکه های اجتماعی را امکان پذیر می کنند، ابزارهای دیجیتالی هستند که برای ساخت شبکه های اجتماعی و توسعه آنها طراحی شده اند. علاقه و استفاده زیاد از شبکه های اجتماعی این محیط ها را برای فعالیت های مختلف از جمله اقتصادی، فرهنگی، سیاسی و ... مهیا کرده است. رهبران رای یکی از مهمترین مواردی هستند که در این محیط ها تأثیر زیادی بر سایر کاربران دارند. رهبران رای در شبکه های اجتماعی سودمند هستند و ما می توانیم با شناسایی آنها از توانمندی و نفوذ آنها استفاده کنیم. در این مقاله، ما رهبران رای را با استفاده از الگوریتم بهینه سازی گرگ خاکستری انتخاب کرده ایم. این روش سلسله مراتب رهبری و سازوکار شکار گرگهای خاکستری را در طبیعت تقلید می کند و شامل 3 مرحله اصلی شکاریعنی جستجوی طعمه، محاصره طعمه و حمله به طعمه است. بر اساس بررسی ها و نتایج حاصله، تعداد رهبران واقعی رای تشخیص داده شده توسط این الگوریتم قابل توجه است و مزیت روش پیشنهادی سازگاری با معیارهای مختلف و ارائه نتایج پایداری درروش های مختلف است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Principles and Concepts to Achieve Successful Ecotourism
Seyedhamed Mirkarimi Sahar Saeidi Sepideh SaeidiTourism is now one of the most important economic, social and cultural issues. Development of ecotourism as one of the most attractive type of tourism could have had remarkable environmental impacts in addition to its economic, social and cultural effects. These effects MoreTourism is now one of the most important economic, social and cultural issues. Development of ecotourism as one of the most attractive type of tourism could have had remarkable environmental impacts in addition to its economic, social and cultural effects. These effects would have had destructive impacts on many aspects of human and natural environment if not carefully considered, and do not develop preventive measures in the form of guidelines, standards and continuous evaluations and would have caused instability in environment and consequently in ecotourism. However, ecotourism as an appropriate tool could have had a global or regional role in sustainable tourism. Unfortunately, ecotourism now is not properly managed and is defined in a way that is far from the standards which are discussed in this paper to achieve sustainable success. For example, community participation and satisfaction of native people in tourism activities is one of the necessities to achieve the goals of sustainable tourism. On the other hand, adopted tourism policies not only should have pay attention to the marketing and the number of visitors but also should considered to the visitors experience quality and the region integrity. The purpose of this article is to explain, interpret and differentiate the concepts of tourism and ecotourism and develop some of the required principles and policies to achieve the sustainable tourism using ecotourism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Analysis viewpoint of training among villagers to protect the environment in rural areas (Case Study: Rezvanshahr city)
Vahid Riahi Farhad Javan Neda DehghaniToday, the environment is faced with increasing challenges and dilemma. Much of the current environmental dilemma, rooted in a lack of awareness of villagers in dealing with the environment. In thil regwd, training can be an effective approach to promote environmental a MoreToday, the environment is faced with increasing challenges and dilemma. Much of the current environmental dilemma, rooted in a lack of awareness of villagers in dealing with the environment. In thil regwd, training can be an effective approach to promote environmental awareness. This will strengthen the culture of environmental protection in rural communities. The purpose of this paper is to Analysis viewpoint of training the villagers to protect the environment of rural areas: city Rezvanshahr. The aim of this research is applied and the method is descriptive-analytic. In this study, statistical population is 14 rural areas of Rezvanshahr with 4202 families (14664 persons). Based on revised Cockran Formula, sample size of 232 was determined and after measuring the validity and stability (alpha 0.764) questionnaires were distributed. In order to achieve the required data for study of variables used in research, we used survey methods and documents and to study and analyze information and data, we used Spearman correlation test and chi-square (x2) in softwares Excel and Spss.The findings show that with 95% confidence, education leads to rural empowerment in environmental protection toward sustainable development, and as so there is a positive and significant relationship with 95% confidence among interest in the environment, the environmental training, mass media environmental training and the role of villagers in protecting the environment Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - The Study of legal system of rural and tribal communities to exploit natural resources in Iran
Javad AlibeygiToday, regardless of the legal issues of natural resources and the environment especially in rural planning policy is not possible to achieve sustainable development in the debate over the country and to understand this fact that the natural resources in our country has MoreToday, regardless of the legal issues of natural resources and the environment especially in rural planning policy is not possible to achieve sustainable development in the debate over the country and to understand this fact that the natural resources in our country has been limited the process of renewable done slowly or sometimes cannot be restored because of degradation. Therefore, a set of different executive agencies in the development process should be done in accordance with commensurate with status of resources. This paper, With a view to past and present status of the country's natural resources, has tried in the laws governing the exploitation of these resources, especially in rural and tribal communities that has described the relationship between rural and nomadic farmers, livestock and natural resources, and the past and present these resources, including forests, grasslands, deserts and watershed management and land property rights system in Iran and then stated in detail the issue of transfer of land and its effect on the degradation of natural resources and the phenomenon of land speculation and finally referred to the Pathology department of natural resources legal policy in relation to rural and tribal society and its difficulties and problems of this sector and the weakness and ambiguity in these rules and need for its revision. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - “The Comparison Study of Balzac and Jamalzadeh’s Viewpoints in the Two Works of Eugenie Grandet and Dar al-Majanin”
Karim Hayati Ashtiani Sonia TalebiHonore de Balzac and Muhammad Ali Jamalzadeh are two well-known thinkers and authors from France and Iran, respectively, who inspired the conception and thoughts of the societies of their own time to a great extent by creating their works. The current art MoreHonore de Balzac and Muhammad Ali Jamalzadeh are two well-known thinkers and authors from France and Iran, respectively, who inspired the conception and thoughts of the societies of their own time to a great extent by creating their works. The current article is based on the assumption that there is a similarity and systematic relation between the thoughts of these two authors due to the political and social conditions that dominated heir societies.This is maybe the reason that Jamalzade is inspired by a great realist like Balzac.Therefore, in the current investigation which is dedicated to the similar social implications between Balzac’s Eugenie Grandet and Jamalzadeh’s Dar al-Majanin, first the effect of environment, society and cause-and-effect relations in the life realities, and the precise analysis and introduction of social types were studied and then the hidden characteristics of realistic heroes, and social realities such as the tragedy of capitalism and its impacts on the body of a society were evaluated. Finally, the trivialized role of women in traditional societies of Iran and France which is reflected in the above-mentioned literatures was analyzed and studied Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Validation of the Hadiths of the Virtues of Preserving the Quran in Shia Sources
zahra chenani mina shamkhi ghasem bostaniNumerous hadiths about the preservation of the Qur'an, the value and status of preservers, which have encouraging themes and motivate believers to memorize and recite the Qur'anic verses and act on it, have been found in the Shi'a narrative sources of infallible Shi'a. MoreNumerous hadiths about the preservation of the Qur'an, the value and status of preservers, which have encouraging themes and motivate believers to memorize and recite the Qur'anic verses and act on it, have been found in the Shi'a narrative sources of infallible Shi'a. These narratives are collected in most narrative and commentary societies. But the authenticity of these narrations and therefore the validity of their texts are not the same, and no general verdict can be made. The present study uses a descriptive-analytical method, gathering information in a library-based manner, focusing solely on Shiite sources, focusing its study on the most important hadith societies and looking briefly at the history of this science and the developments it has gone through. , Has examined this, and shows that although some of the virtues of preserving the Qur'an are correct in content or in the authenticity of their document, this is not a reason for their correctness and relies solely on the document or text for correction. A news does not mean that it is correct. Whether or not the correct document is incorporated into the correct text may either imply unacceptable meaning or disagree with texts that have stronger truth implications. There were such problems in the hadiths studied that made them inaccurate and difficult to accept. Of course, although most of the hadiths of the virtues of preserving the Qur'an were weak, the Shi'a hadiths are legally bound to do so. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Fields of Solidarity, its Factors and Formation Strategies from Quran's Point of View
Gholamreza Shahraki FallahOne of the most important necessities of Islam school is Islamic solidarity. The present article intends to express solidarity fields and formation strategies in librarian method and by analyzing data. The solidarity issue is such important that it was paid attention si MoreOne of the most important necessities of Islam school is Islamic solidarity. The present article intends to express solidarity fields and formation strategies in librarian method and by analyzing data. The solidarity issue is such important that it was paid attention since the very beginning of Islam in a way that it has been mentioned implicitly in many Verses. Different types of solidarity are in three: human societies, religions and Islam. Sameness of punishment and encourage is the symbol in the field of religions as well as following Ibrahim's religion. In the field of Islamic solidarity, some factors such as Quran, Book, Towhid and … are the key roles. And solidarity among Islamic societies can be seen in the Verse below: "O mankind, indeed We have created you from male and female and made you peoples and tribes that you may know one another." Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - نقش توانمندسازی جوامع محلی در مدیریت پایدار منابع طبیعی (مطالعه موردی: حوزه رامه شهرستان آرادان)
پیمان اکبرزاده سید حسن کابلی محمد رضا رجبی -
Open Access Article
30 - Designing a Model to Online Shopping Behavior Based on the Quality of Sites
Mahmoud Naderi Bani Mahdi Al Husseini almodarresi adeleh dehghani ghahnavi Mohammad Mahdi afsharThe purpose of this research was to provide a comprehensive model of the determinants of online shopping behavior based on site quality. This research was descriptive and Applied Survey. The populaition of research was M.A students with entrance of 1393 in Yazd Universi MoreThe purpose of this research was to provide a comprehensive model of the determinants of online shopping behavior based on site quality. This research was descriptive and Applied Survey. The populaition of research was M.A students with entrance of 1393 in Yazd University. 212 sample were chosen based on Cochran formula and by classes sampling. The data collection instrument was questionnaire. data analysis was performed by little squares and by helping of Smart Pls2/0 and Amos23 softwares. Findings showed that technical, appearance and content quality of website Positive affect intention to internet purchase (P<0/05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Increasing the accuracy of identifying overlapping communities using weighted edges
Iraj Teymouri Mehdi AfzaliIn recent years, several algorithms have been proposed for detection in complex networks. It should be noted that wuth regarding the features of these communities, one of the existing methods for identifying communities, is providing an algorithms for weighting the edge MoreIn recent years, several algorithms have been proposed for detection in complex networks. It should be noted that wuth regarding the features of these communities, one of the existing methods for identifying communities, is providing an algorithms for weighting the edges of the network as the weight of the edges of the communities are incresed and at the same time the weight of the edges between communities are reduced. Therefore the distinction between communities could be identified simply. In the proposed method with useing the process of weighting the edges, we distinguish between the nodes that are more similar to each other and the nodes that have slight similarity. i.e. by assigning the weight with using the proposed criteria in some algorithms, the edges with more weight will have a greater role in determining the population.According that there is a positive correlation between similarity measures and community structures, the results of the tests shows that using local similarity measures as the weight of edges for some algorithms, causes an increase in the accuracy of communities recognition. These algorithms use the degree of the nodes as one of the network characteristics for computing the cores absorbing ability for communities formation. For example, in the case of Real Networks, running WHD-EM algorithm on the High school network, discovers the communities with the NMI=0.6652 and the purity criteria equal to 0.9845. Also it should be noted that some algorithms such as CPM, OSLOM and LINK in terms of NMI criteria, are better. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Studying the Historic Spread Of Sufism in the Early and Middle Islam Era and the Expansion Of Sufi Literature in Iran
Shahrbano Sahabi Khalil Hadidi Saeedullah QarabeyglooIs the appearance of Sufism in its modern meaning and in turn Sufism literature an abrupt event or a result of historical processes and evolution of social trends which led to such an extensive phenomenon? Though it is true that gnostic thoughts and also Sufism in its g MoreIs the appearance of Sufism in its modern meaning and in turn Sufism literature an abrupt event or a result of historical processes and evolution of social trends which led to such an extensive phenomenon? Though it is true that gnostic thoughts and also Sufism in its general meaning date back to the beginning of the human history, but except for a few ambiguous images on the cave walls and/or myth stories attributed to the ancient people after invention of writing systems, nothing has remained from the vast sea of the ancient people thoughts and ideas. Identification of Sufism phenomenon and its effects on the Islamic societies and also on the non-Islamic ones in later times is subject to the same above-mentioned constraints and limitations. Acknowledging the inevitable deficiencies, the author tries to present a picture of the appearance of Sufism and some examples of its various influences on the society based on the remaining relevant books and literature as accurate as possible Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - تشخیص افراد خبره در شبکه های اجتماعی براساس خوشه بندی اشیاء اجتماعی و ماژولاریتی
samaneh hasanzadeh maliheh Ebrahimi nezhad mehrdad jalaliدهه گذشته توسعه سریعی را در شبکه های اجتماعی و استخراج جوامع شاهد است. نتیجه تحلیل چنین شبکه هایی می تواند کشف الگوهای مهم و پنهانی باشد. وجود حجم گسترده ای از محققان و اطلاعات در چنین شبکه هایی، منجر به تعیین متخصصین در زمینه های مختلف شده است. در این پژوهش یک روش ترکی Moreدهه گذشته توسعه سریعی را در شبکه های اجتماعی و استخراج جوامع شاهد است. نتیجه تحلیل چنین شبکه هایی می تواند کشف الگوهای مهم و پنهانی باشد. وجود حجم گسترده ای از محققان و اطلاعات در چنین شبکه هایی، منجر به تعیین متخصصین در زمینه های مختلف شده است. در این پژوهش یک روش ترکیبی پیشنهاد می کنیم که ابتدا با استفاده از الگوریتم EWKM، موضوعات به اشتراک گذاشته شده بین کاربران را در خوشه هایی قرار می دهد. سپس یک تحلیل ساختاری با استفاده از ماژولاریتی، بر روی کاربران در گیر در هر خوشه اعمال می شود. به علاوه برای دسترسی به متخصص ترین افراد در هر جامعه از الگوریتم Topsis، استفاده شده است. نتایج آزمایش نشان می دهد روش پیشنهادی دقت و صحت قابل قبولی نسبت به روش های پیشین دارد. بنابراین، روش پیشنهادی می تواند برای زمینه های دانشگاهی در جهان واقعی استفاده شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - بررسی و تحلیل سنت، مدرنیته و شرایط جوامع در حال گذار در کتاب «شازده حمام»
مهدی محسنیانراد مرضیه نگهبان مروی -
Open Access Article
35 - Long term impacts of ground skidding on structure of soil macrofauna associations in Hyrcanian Beech Forests
D. Kartoolinejad A. Najafi M. ShayanmehrIn this study, the effect of ground based skidding using rubber-tired skidder in changing the soil fauna associations of surface of skid trails with the age of 5, 10, 15 and 20 years were investigated in Hyrcanian Forests, north of Iran. Comparison of structural feature MoreIn this study, the effect of ground based skidding using rubber-tired skidder in changing the soil fauna associations of surface of skid trails with the age of 5, 10, 15 and 20 years were investigated in Hyrcanian Forests, north of Iran. Comparison of structural features and biological indices of soil macro-invertebrate communities living on trails showed extreme decreasing of density, number of taxa, and abundance of macrofauna in 5-year trail. Total biomass of macrofauna had not significant difference; but 5-year trail showed lowest mean value. Shannon’s biodiversity and Margalef’s richness indices also had minimum mean value in 5-year and maximum in 20-year trail and control forest respectively. Moreover, comparison among traffic segments showed a minimum mean value of these variables related to high traffic and maximum to low traffic segments. The results of current publication demonstrated severe impacts of skidder on soil invertebrate communities on trails surface even until 20 years. But induced impacts at macrofauna communities was actively improving and recovering during times. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - بررسی کارایی مدل AWBM با استفاده از الگوریتم ژنتیک و الگوریتم تکامل رقابتی جوامع در شبیهسازی فرآیند بارش- رواناب (مطالعه موردی: زیر حوضه آبخیز قرهسو)
آتنا خلیلی نفت چالی محسن پوررضا بیلوندیبا توجه به اهمیت مهار آب­های سطحی به ویژه در ایران که مسئله کمبود آب در پهنه وسیعی از کشور وجود دارد؛ نیاز به شناسایی و مدل­کردن واکنش حوضه به بارش به منظور برنامه­ریزی بلند­مدت از پتانسیل­های حوضه به شدت احساس می­شود. در این مطالعه برای شبیه­ Moreبا توجه به اهمیت مهار آب­های سطحی به ویژه در ایران که مسئله کمبود آب در پهنه وسیعی از کشور وجود دارد؛ نیاز به شناسایی و مدل­کردن واکنش حوضه به بارش به منظور برنامه­ریزی بلند­مدت از پتانسیل­های حوضه به شدت احساس می­شود. در این مطالعه برای شبیه­سازی فرآیند بارش- رواناب از مدل AWBM تحت روش بهینه­سازی الگوریتم ژنتیک و الگوریتم تکامل رقابتی جوامع در زیر حوضه قره­سو واقع در شمال­غربی حوضه کرخه استفاده شده است. بدین منظور از داده­های بارندگی، تبخیر و تعرق پتانسیل و رواناب ایستگاه هیدرومتری قره­سو بهره گرفته شد. برای مقایسه نتایج، آماره­های ریشه متوسط خطـای مربعـات (RMSE)، ضریب همبستگی (R2) و ضریب کارایی ناش (NSE) مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که هر دو روش بهینه­سازی در این حوضه دارای معیارهای ارزیابی قابل قبولی می­باشند؛ اما روش الگوریتم ژنتیک با ضریب تبیین 7/0 ، ضریب ناش- ساتکلیف 67/0 و میزان خطای 75/8 در مرحله صحت­سنجی جواب بهتری را حاصل نمود. همچنین مشاهده شد که این الگوریتم در شبیه­سازی مقادیر کمینه بهتر از مقادیر بیشینه عمل می­کند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - The effect of leadership empowerment on the innovative behavior of employees and professional learning communities with the mediating role of psychological empowerment among nurses of Imam Khomeini Hospital (RA)
Tayyebe Vakili Mohammad Hassani Hassan Ghalavandi Reza FathiBackground and purpose: empowering leadership is one of the most important issues in organizations and departments today. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship of leadership empowerment on the innovative behavior of empl MoreBackground and purpose: empowering leadership is one of the most important issues in organizations and departments today. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship of leadership empowerment on the innovative behavior of employees and professional learning communities through the intermediary variable of psychological empowerment of nurses. Materials and methods: The descriptive research method is correlational. The statistical population consisted of nurses working in Imam Khomeini (RA) hospital in Urmia, and 310 of the 1500 employees were selected by stratified sampling. In order to collect information, questionnaires of Zang and Bartol's leadership empowerment (2010), Kanter's employees' innovative behavior (1988), Lee et al.'s professional learning communities (2011), Spriters and Mishra's psychological empowerment (1995) were collected. Exploratory factor analysis was used to check the validity of the research and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to check the reliability of the research. The research data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling method and using spss26 and Pls3 Smart software. Findings: The findings showed an acceptable correlation between all research variables and research hypotheses in the analyzed paths show that there is an indirect relationship between leadership empowerment and innovative behavior of employees and β=0.052. Also, there is an indirect relationship between leadership empowerment and professional learning communities. There is an indirect relationship (β=0.012). There is a causal and positive relationship between leadership empowerment and psychological empowerment (β=0.36). Psychological empowerment and innovative behavior of employees (β=0.58) There is a causal and positive relationship between psychological empowerment and professional learning communities (β = 0.36). Therefore, there is a mediating role of psychological empowerment in the relationship between leadership empowerment and innovative behavior of employees and professional learning communities in The model is confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - The role of social resilience in reducing damage caused by natural factors affecting desert areas (a case study of dust in Semnan city)
Seyyed Ebrahim Miremadi Mohammad Reza Zandmoghadam saeid kamyabiNatural hazards are a reality that has affected a significant part of the southern regions of Semnan today. Due to the fact that in some cases, it is not possible to prevent the occurrence of these natural hazards, therefore, it is very important to investigate the leve MoreNatural hazards are a reality that has affected a significant part of the southern regions of Semnan today. Due to the fact that in some cases, it is not possible to prevent the occurrence of these natural hazards, therefore, it is very important to investigate the level of resilience against natural disasters. Waghbar) is affected by desert areas, Semnan city.The current research is applied and analytical-descriptive in purpose. Using the fuzzy model, this research seeks to evaluate the resilience of the southern residents of Semnan city against dust, in this regard, 40 questionnaires were provided to experts and specialists, the reliability of the questionnaire was determined by Cronbach's alpha, and its validity was determined by the experts in geography and Urban planning and social sciences were approved. The questions included four dimensions (physical, social, economic and institutional) which were answered by experts.Findings: It indicates that: the main question of the research has been rejected at a significant level. And the maximum amount of resilience in the social, economic and organizational dimensions, the amount of resilience is significantly greater than the hypothetical average, so that the three sub-questions of the research are confirmed. they got.According to the research findings, there is no significant relationship between resilience and physical, social, economic, and institutional components. With the explanation that the lower the level of each of the components, the level of resilience also decreases, the results of analyzes and statistical tests show that the state of resilience of Shahr Semnan is not very favorable and resilience tends towards vulnerability. The resilience values of Semnan city are far from the standards. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Jawameol-olum book, and classification of science
حسین MirjaFari اصغر Montazerolgaem M.B KhazaeliJavameol olum book is a collection of various sciences by Ibn Farighun, with the aim of training courtiers with emphasis on the practical aspect of science that has been developed in the second half of fourth century. The author has divided the book into two parts. Co MoreJavameol olum book is a collection of various sciences by Ibn Farighun, with the aim of training courtiers with emphasis on the practical aspect of science that has been developed in the second half of fourth century. The author has divided the book into two parts. Court sciences have been raised in the first article and in the second, philosophical and religious sciences have been emphasized. The author has tried to explain different sciences briefly and effectively. In any of the articles subsidiary branches of science have been stated. Among reviewing Javameol olum book, this paper has noted Ebne Farighun’s approach toward science and classification of sciences. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Content Analysis of the Roots of Corruption in the Public Sector of the Developing Societies
Mina Alavi Abolhasan Faghihi Morteza Moosakhani Reza NajafbeigiAdministrative corruption as an old injury to the organs of public organizations in developmental societies has become a national crisis today, and the continual evolution of this phenomenon leads to a risk of people's trust. Therefore, the present study aimed to answer MoreAdministrative corruption as an old injury to the organs of public organizations in developmental societies has become a national crisis today, and the continual evolution of this phenomenon leads to a risk of people's trust. Therefore, the present study aimed to answer the question "What are the roots of corruption in government organizations in developing countries?". Despite the prevalence of corruption, a comprehensive study has not been carried out in this area. Using the content analysis method, the researcher analyzed the results and findings of previous researchers and, by performing 7 steps, classified the roots into 29 concepts and 8 categories. The CASP checklist was used to control the qualitative researches and the Holsty reliability coefficient was used to confirm the findings. The results of the research showed that all factors in the levels of reason (individual motives and organizational conditions), middle (state) and macro (society and sovereignty) as the causes of corruption seem probable. However, in different societies in the developing world, agreement on the causes of corruption is more than expected. In all these poor or rich societies, corruption is associated with several factors: at macro level, threats and weaknesses of governance, unfamiliar civil society, middle level, weak rule of law, government capacity reduction, lack of economic development, weakness and Micro level, organizational behavior management and weak organizational behavior management. Finally, based on research findings, suggestions for future research are presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Measurement And evaluation Resiliency Institutional and physical-environmental Urban communities to reduce natural disasters, Earthquake(Case study: Kerman city)
Ali Asghar Abdollahi Hojatollah Sharafi Yasser SabahiNatural disasters potential to bring this terrible disaster risk reduction systems become absenc. Recently, resiliency, as one of the effective measures for crisis management, Community-Based Approach to promote urban communities in times of instability due to disasters MoreNatural disasters potential to bring this terrible disaster risk reduction systems become absenc. Recently, resiliency, as one of the effective measures for crisis management, Community-Based Approach to promote urban communities in times of instability due to disasters. The main objective of this study is assessing the resilience index and constructive citizens (Institutional and physical - environmental) and determine the contribution of the factors resilience and their capacity to mitigate against natural (earthquake) in Kerman city.The research method is descriptive and analytical the type of relationship.The data required for analysis collected using a questionnaire which its validity and reliability by Cronbach's alpha 887/0 formally approved. The population studied was the citizens of the city of Kerman.Finally, according to the terms of resiliency factors considered, the Institutional and physical - environmental indicators and factors that are mentioned in the above, And also utilizes software (spss) and statistical,one-sample t (One Sample T- test), Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis techniques are Also for weighting the criteria and sub-criteria of Shannon entropy and four municipalities in the ranking to assess the resilience of techniques and models ( WP,SAR) is used.Our results show that there is a significant relationship between the resiliency of citizens Institutional and physical – environmental components citizens against natural disasters, especially earthquakes. In this study, we hypothesized that the relationship between independent and dependent variables are the same approval and showing a high resiliency citizens about natural disasters with emphasis on earthquake. Finally, based on the techniques listed and ranked in order of zones, Zone 1, Zone 3, Zone 2, Zone 4 in terms of resiliency ranked. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Analysis of Effective Factors in Increasing the Resilience of Urban Communities against the Corona Epidemic with a Community-Based Disaster Risk Management Approach) the Case of Zanjan (
mohsen ahadnejad reveshty Hossein Tahmasebi moghadam mohamad taghi heydariDuring the pandemic and spread of Corona Virus, human life, and cities were exposed to a difficult risk, which has exposed urban societies in all their elements, more than just local and topical damages. Therefore, the current research aims to analyze the effective fact MoreDuring the pandemic and spread of Corona Virus, human life, and cities were exposed to a difficult risk, which has exposed urban societies in all their elements, more than just local and topical damages. Therefore, the current research aims to analyze the effective factors that increase social resilience to the Corona epidemic through social crisis management. This research is descriptive-analytical and practical in terms of its purpose. Based on an analysis of the theoretical foundations of the research and a Delphi method with experts in urban planning who belong to research centers and universities as panelists, the research components were identified. This research used a library method and a survey method in the form of a questionnaire to collect the required data. In the analysis section of the confirmatory factor analysis model in the form of structural equation modeling in AMOS software, the type of components was analyzed according to the impact and effectiveness on other components. The analysis of the structure of the identified effective factors using confirmatory factor analysis shows that the identified factors have a significant structural relationship in creating resilient communities against Corona in Zanjan. The results also show that participation and social networks factor (F1) with a factor load of 0.89, social capital factor (F2) with a factor load of 0.88, knowledge and skills (F3) with a factor load of 0.85, and awareness (F4) with a factor load of 0.75, have the greatest effect in creating resilient societies against the corona disease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - دغدغههای بهبودی در تألیف صحیح الکافی و روش او
بهاره مظاهری طهرانی -
Open Access Article
44 - New Surface Marine Microplastics for Colonization, Biofilm Formation and Biodegradation
Nahid Masoumi Seyed Reza Hosseini Doust Morteza Azizollahi Maryam MianabadiWe have known that microplastics (MPs) in the ocean are carriers of microbial-dominated assemblages and are rapidly colonized by microbes when released into the ocean. However, the role of microbial interactions with microplastics in marine ecosystems has been investiga MoreWe have known that microplastics (MPs) in the ocean are carriers of microbial-dominated assemblages and are rapidly colonized by microbes when released into the ocean. However, the role of microbial interactions with microplastics in marine ecosystems has been investigated in detail recently. The presence of microplastics in the marine environment has been raising global attention. Microparticles transport biofilm communities that are distinct from the surrounding environment. Although plastic-colonizing microorganisms are important for the fate of MPs in different ecosystems their influence on the fate of microplastics is largely unknown. In this review, we focused on the establishment of plastic-specific biofilms (plastisphere); the enrichment of pathogenic bacteria coupled to a vector function of microplastics; and the microbial degradation of microplastics in the marine environment. In addition, providing a better understanding of plastisphere and biofilm expansion in marine environments, and discusses plastic biodegradation. Also, the identification of potentially pathogenic in the plastisphere is considered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Historical Development of the Security Studies Pattern: From Traditional till Supra-modern Discourse
Mohammad Mehdi Mazaheri Mohammad Reza AgharebparastAfter surveying the security studies one realizes that the security approaches which has existed so far were in conformity with historical developments. In each historical period the security and security studies had been different from other periods. The question which MoreAfter surveying the security studies one realizes that the security approaches which has existed so far were in conformity with historical developments. In each historical period the security and security studies had been different from other periods. The question which is raised here is that whether the changes which had taken place in different periods were only superficial and depended merely on the wishes and whims of the thinkers and researchers or it had been due to the changes emanating from the atmosphere of thought discourse? It seems that the discourse of each phase had its own content and this content had its impact on the security studies and research of that period. In other words in each period the atmosphere of thinking kept on changing. In traditional discourse in accordance with its content attention were focused on the principle of survival and existence. In post traditional discourse with the advances made on the military and war apparatus the military capability affected the security studies. In modern discourse in accordance with economic and technological advances, these factors affected the security studies. Finally in supra-modern studies by increase in the pace of globalization and institutional theories, playing important role in world order became a priority in security studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - The Puzzle of Democracy in Afghanistan
Nozar Shafiee Aghdas EqbalIn spite of the famous grounds of democracy called “the decade of democracy” and even passing of the constitution، the beginning of the decision to set up democracy in Afghanistan is timed with the military attack on Afghanistan and military defeat of the Ta MoreIn spite of the famous grounds of democracy called “the decade of democracy” and even passing of the constitution، the beginning of the decision to set up democracy in Afghanistan is timed with the military attack on Afghanistan and military defeat of the Taliban after September 11، 2001. Taking into consideration the international and regional importance and implications of Afghanistan problem for the neighbouring countries، the present research is examining the question of democracy or in other words better to say “puzzle of democracy” in Afghanistan. After reviewing the theories of democracy in complicated societies and the close connection between ethnicity and democracy in Afghanistan the article divides the view points on democracy in that country into two main groups and then analyzes these two groups view points. In other words since the beginning of the process of democratization there are two distinct thinking on democracy in Afghanistan. The opponents and the critics of establishing democracy in Afghanistan are of the view that the complexities and the obstacles on the way of democracy are due to special socio-economic conditions of this society (the level of literacy، education، health standards، development، etc). They are also of the view that the democratization process itself has created negative outcome for the country. On the other hand the supporters of democratization in Afghanistan by laying emphasis on minimal democracy and liberal values believe that democracy by decentralizing power and political development and resolving the political participation crisis can help reducing the conflicts in Afghanistan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Social Well-being and its functions in urban areas(Case of study: metropolis of Esfahan)
مصطفی امیدی منصور حقیقتیان سید علی هاشمیانفرSocial well-being refers to how a person assesses his/her functions in society. According to Keyes, one possesses social well-being if he/she sees the society as a meaningful, understandable and potentially useful medium for growth and feels a sense of belonging to soci MoreSocial well-being refers to how a person assesses his/her functions in society. According to Keyes, one possesses social well-being if he/she sees the society as a meaningful, understandable and potentially useful medium for growth and feels a sense of belonging to society and is also accepted in and is involved in the progress and development of the society. Social well-being is a kind of mental, physical and individual well-being that can potentially make residents to be highly motivated and happy which can, in turn make the society to be safe. The present paper aimed to investigate the functions of social well-being in the city of Esfahan which is located in central parts of Iran. The theoretical framework of the paper was based on the views of Keyes, Durkheim, Fromm, and Freud. Research population consisted of all educated Esfahani residents who were 15-64 years old, of which 385 individuals were selected as the sample through a clustering method. Needed data were collected using a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Spss and Amos softwares. The results showed that relationship between social well-being, as the independent variable, and psychological well-being, social normality and social responsibility, as dependent variables, were significant. The relationship between social normality and social responsibility also was significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - نقش توانمندسازی جوامع محلی در مدیریت پایدار منابع طبیعی (مطالعه موردی: حوزه رامه شهرستان آرادان)
پیمان اکبرزاده سید حسن کابلی محمد رضا رجبی -
Open Access Article
49 - .
مظاهر نیکخواه -
Open Access Article
50 - The effect of Menarid International Project on the development of local communities (Case study: Hamoon Sistan project)
NAZANIN NAIMABADAI HAMID Jalaliyan vahid riyahi mahmud reza mirlotfiThe main goal of this project is to empower local communities, i. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of this project on the development of local communities in Hamoon area. The present study is descriptive-analytical in terms of applied purpose and in t MoreThe main goal of this project is to empower local communities, i. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of this project on the development of local communities in Hamoon area. The present study is descriptive-analytical in terms of applied purpose and in terms of data collection and analysis methods. . Field data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and collected by survey and interview. The results showed that this project in the social dimension only in the areas of (increasing self-confidence in the abilities of people in rural areas, increasing the participation of women in rural development, solidarity and mass communication between women in rural areas, the existence of networks Social and economic for girls and women in the countryside, social security suitable for the movement of women and girls), in the environmental dimension in items (promotion and implementation of training classes by regional promoters, training of various crops in the field ) Has had favorable effects in terms of infrastructure in items (access to various agricultural inputs, access to rural cooperatives) and in other economic and physical dimensions has not had a favorable effect in any of the items. Also, the results of spatial analysis of local community development by development dimensions in Hamoon area showed that Kikha village has the highest rank in dimensions (economic, social, physical, infrastructure, environmental) in terms of the impact of the Menarid project. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Analysis of strategies for adaptation of local communities to the effects of 120-day winds in Sistan (Case study: villages of Nehbandan county)
Tahereh Sadeghloo sakineh arabIntroduction: Today, due to the increase in the potential of natural hazards to cause major social, economic and environmental damage, as well as the intensification of climate change, adaptation and coexistence with hazards has become a guiding principle for reducing i MoreIntroduction: Today, due to the increase in the potential of natural hazards to cause major social, economic and environmental damage, as well as the intensification of climate change, adaptation and coexistence with hazards has become a guiding principle for reducing its damage, preparation, response and recovery throughout the world.Creating compatibility and adaptation with natural phenomena and hazards and coexisting with them as one of the ways to deal with and manage their adverse effects as well as using the positive potentials of these phenomena are important strategies in hazard management.Some of the natural processes in integration and engagement with other events and behavioral patterns of communities become more risky than the sustainability and survival of communities depend on management and the proper response to them. The 120 - day northeast winds of the country are the natural processes that have persisted long. climate change and drought due to it have fueled the effects of 120 - day winds on different aspects of local communities.Methodology: the aim of this study : the present study examined the effects of these winds in 10 villages of Nehbandan county and also the analysis of the most important actions of 187 families from residents in the region to cope with these effects .Geographical area of research: villages of Nehbandan County Results and discussion: to determine the most important effects and measures of villagers for adaptation, first half structured interview with a number of experts and experts involved in the issue has been made and after analyzing the interviews, indexes and variables are extracted and the basis of designing a structured questionnaire is used to evaluate the effects and actions of local communities.Conclusion: the results indicate that the most impacts on environmental dimension ( 88 / 88 ) and the most important measures to deal with social - cultural dimension ( 47 ) have been done .keywords: local communities, risk management, 120 - day winds, adaptability, Nehbandan county. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - The impact of brand communities based on social media on community elements and brand trust and loyalty (case study: Adidas brand)
Ali Asghar Rashid Siavash Khodaparast Vahid BakhshalipourObjective: The development of social media is a global phenomenon in the current generation, as consumers engage in social media platforms and develop relationships with brands. Therefore, social media applications consider new marketing concepts as vital for thematic d MoreObjective: The development of social media is a global phenomenon in the current generation, as consumers engage in social media platforms and develop relationships with brands. Therefore, social media applications consider new marketing concepts as vital for thematic development. For this reason, this research was conducted with the aim of the impact of brand communities based on social media on the elements of society and trust and loyalty to the Adidas brand.Methodology: The statistical population of this research was 400 people of Instagram social network and the questionnaire of brand communities based on social media was used (Larouch et al., 2012) and Pearson's correlation coefficient and path analysis were used to analyze the data using SPSS and LISRELL was done.Results: Based on the results, social communication network practices on brand trust (14/46), social interaction methods on brand trust (14/86), perception management on brand trust (15/68), brand usage has a positive effect on trust in brand (15.39) and brand trust and brand loyalty (13.43) were obtained, which shows that there is a statistically significant relationship between the research variables (p˂0.001).Conclusion: The results of the research indicated that social media marketing activities both directly and indirectly affect brand loyalty and trust. The effect of brand communities based on social media on the elements of brand community and brand loyalty through brand trust was shown. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Macro invertebrate benthos of Kalarood River as water quality index
M. Shapoori A. Vosooghi M. Babazade S. VatandoostIn this research, water quality of Kalarood River of Babol was studied by identification of Macro invertebrate benthos. The result of this study was compared by ratio of EPT to Chironomidae and HFBI index. Six stations were selected and sampling was done seasonally for MoreIn this research, water quality of Kalarood River of Babol was studied by identification of Macro invertebrate benthos. The result of this study was compared by ratio of EPT to Chironomidae and HFBI index. Six stations were selected and sampling was done seasonally for one year. Arthropoda and platy worm are the main branch of invertebrate benthos; in four class, eight order and eleven families. Maximum and minimum of diversity and density was observed in spring and summer in all stations, respectively. Also maximum and minimum of diversity was measured in station one and six, respectively. The relationship between physical and hydrological parameters were significant (p<0.05) in different season but it was not significant in different stations (p>0.05). HFBI index showed that minimum, maximum and average of this index was 3.99 in fall, 4.62 in spring and 4.33 respectively. The result of this study indicated that the water quality in the upstream was in normal range (good to medium condition) but in the other hand downstream and middle stream was in good condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - بررسی مدیریت مشارکتی در برنامهریزی توسعه جوامع روستایی و عشایری» با تکیه بر تجاربی از ایران
شهره تاج ناهید نقی زاده -
Open Access Article
55 - Assessing the level of socio-cultural sustainability in empowering rural communities (Case study: Mountainous villages of East Azerbaijan province)
Mohammad Reza Khakzad Behrouz Mansouri Hassan Sattari Sarbangholirural communities Rural communities play an important role in the balanced development of the country. Rural communities play an important role in the balanced development of the country. Given the issues and problems facing rural communities, the pursuit of sustainabl Morerural communities Rural communities play an important role in the balanced development of the country. Rural communities play an important role in the balanced development of the country. Given the issues and problems facing rural communities, the pursuit of sustainable social development in the form of participation, security, customs and public awareness of the villagers seems a necessity. The advent of modern technology, the change in the production structure, the social and economic indicators of rural life have changed and led to the emergence of social anomalies and migration to cities and the reduction of the young generation and consequently the erosion of rural fabric and housing. East Azerbaijan province, as one of the agricultural hubs of Iran, has 2591 villages. Of these, 1067 villages in the province are located in the mountains, so the statistical population of this study is 1067 villages, of which 25 villages have been selected as a sample that had the necessary characteristics for this study. In this study, to measure social and cultural sustainability, effective indicators and criteria have been identified in mountainous villages. By performing various tests using a researcher-made questionnaire in the form of 21 questions, the impact of social sustainability indicators on Empowerment of rural communities confirms the mountainous area of the province. Therefore, the main question of the present study is that according to the heads of rural households in the mountainous area of East Azerbaijan province, what criteria and indicators in terms of socio-cultural sustainability have the greatest impact on improving the quality of life in ? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Investigating the possibility of combining GIS with multivariate analysis techniques in separating vegetation society boundaries (Case study: Chah- Abbas Ali watershed basin, Arsanjan –Fars)
S. MohtashamniaThe purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of combining ordination and classification techniques with GIS for separating boundaries of vegetation society. Chah –Abbas Ali watershed basin, near Arsanjan city covers about 1789.7 ha, has been studied MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of combining ordination and classification techniques with GIS for separating boundaries of vegetation society. Chah –Abbas Ali watershed basin, near Arsanjan city covers about 1789.7 ha, has been studied through field sampling of vegetation density, cover and soil profiles. Analysis of the samples has been done by PC-Ord software for ordination and classification and ILWIS software produce RS/GIS maps to estimate the number of soil profiles. Then by using satellite image of basin and field observations, the primary vegetation boundaries were extracted and compared with the results of ordination and classification data.Results showed the basin is consisted of five vegetation society including Acantholimon festucacemum-Amygdalus lycioides, Convolvolus acanthocladus-Artemisia sieberi,Artemisia sieberi – Acantholimon festucacemum,Ebenus stellata-Convolvolus acanthocladus,Amygdalus lycioides – Convolvolus acanthocladus which also overlap with vegetation classification through physiognomy –florestic method and grouping ones through satellite images that can be used in future for grouping vegetation because of considering relief and soil charachteristics along with vegetation parameters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - استقرار زیستگاه های مصنوعی (Artificial reefs)با تاکید بر پراکنش جوامع ایکتیوپلانکتونی درآب های استان هرمزگان(حوزه خلیج فارس)
سیامک بهزادی بهنام دقوقی فرشته سراجی علی سالارپوری محمد درویشی غلامعلی اکبرزاده محمد صدیق مرتضوی -
Open Access Article
58 - Environmental Analysis of the International Wetland of Parishan on the Basis of the SWOT Management Model
سمیه اردو فریدون عوفیThis paper has performed in order to evaluate the ecological and environmental study of the sensitive area as the international wetland of Parishan in emphasis on species and habitat varieties. The Parishan wetland is the widest wetland among all of the permanent freshw MoreThis paper has performed in order to evaluate the ecological and environmental study of the sensitive area as the international wetland of Parishan in emphasis on species and habitat varieties. The Parishan wetland is the widest wetland among all of the permanent freshwater lagoons in Iran. It was registered in Ramsar convention as the international wetland. Parishan wetland is a part of protective places by area classification in Iran. Having the biological and habitat varieties, weird herbal and animal distributions cause this area to be unique and sensitive ecological place. By climate change and droughts, it is in the worst condition on the view of ecological issues. It was limited to small marginal pools temporarily. With regards to special species, unique herbals, sensitive and vulnerable settlements, ecotourism issues, this research shows that the most important issue in the international wetland of Parishan are climate change and drought in these years which have influenced the bio andndash; habitat variety and herbal animal distributions. On the basis of the results of this research, the international wetland of Parishan has the powerful internal factors totally and a lot of opportunities to rebuild and revival ecologically on the view of the external factors Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - شناسایی و اولویت بندی موانع موثربر توسعه آموزش الکترونیک در جوامع اسلامی (مورد مطالعه دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی وپیام نور استان البرز)
حمیده مظفری دهشیری طلعت دیبا واجاری -
Open Access Article
60 - زبان ارتباطی جوامع انسانی:منظری از آموزش گردشگری خلاق
Akram Hashemiمدل کسب و کار پیشنهادی برای گردشگری خلاق در چهارچوب توریسم پایدارارتباطی- فرهنگی مورد آنالیز قرار گرفته است. اگرچه توریسم خلاق عموما به عنوان فرمی از توریسم فرهنگی اجتماعی درک می شود، این موضوع از توریسم، زبان ارتباطی جهانی متفاوت از جریان اصلی گردشگری فرهنگ Moreمدل کسب و کار پیشنهادی برای گردشگری خلاق در چهارچوب توریسم پایدارارتباطی- فرهنگی مورد آنالیز قرار گرفته است. اگرچه توریسم خلاق عموما به عنوان فرمی از توریسم فرهنگی اجتماعی درک می شود، این موضوع از توریسم، زبان ارتباطی جهانی متفاوت از جریان اصلی گردشگری فرهنگی می باشد. علاوه بر این، این مقاله به آنالیزچگونگی این موضوع می پردازد که مدل کسب و کار چطور می تواند در توسعه پایداربرای شهرها و روستاهای کوچک مورد استفاده قرار گیرد واز ظرفیت های بالقوه تاریخی و فرهنگی آنها استفاده بهینه شود. مقاله همچنین به تشریح وآموزش چگونگی این موضوع می پردازد که توریسم خلاق چگونه می تواند توسعه ای سودده و پایداراجتماعی را برای جوامع کوچک وبزرگ در کشور به ارمغان آورد. Manuscript profile
Sanad
Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications
Links
Related Centers
Technical Support
Official pages
The rights to this website are owned by the Raimag Press Management System.
Copyright © 2021-2024