-
Open Access Article
1 - Development of Dispersive Solid-phase Extraction Combined with Air-assisted Liquid-Liquid Microextraction for Determination of Sulfonamide Residues in Pasteurized Milk Samples using High Performance Liquid Chromatography
M. Tajallayi A. Haghighat Asiabar M. R. Afshar Mogaddam J. Khandaghi Introduction: One of the significant contaminants in animal-derived foods, such as milk, is antibiotic residues, which put consumers' health at risk. Monitoring the amount of antibiotic residue in milk is crucial in order to alert the nation's health authorities More Introduction: One of the significant contaminants in animal-derived foods, such as milk, is antibiotic residues, which put consumers' health at risk. Monitoring the amount of antibiotic residue in milk is crucial in order to alert the nation's health authorities and in this regard, several researches have been conducted for determination of different antibiotic residues in milk using various traditional and chromatographic methods. In this study, an efficient method for determining the residual levels of some sulfonamides in pasteurized milk was developed and presented. Materials and Methods: After dispersive solid-phase extraction combined with air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction of analytes, the residues of sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfamethazine in the pasteurized milk were determined using HPLC with a diode array detector. Following the evaluation of the effective factors in the extraction and optimizing them, the validation of method was carried out by calculating analytical parameters such as linear range, LOD, LOQ, repeatability, and extraction recovery. Results: In the developed two-step extraction method, satisfactory figures of merit were obtained, therefore the method's linearity was shown with a coefficient of determination higher than 0.995. The limits of detection and measurement were less than 1.2 and 3.2 ng ml-1, respectively, which is less than the MRLs established for these antibiotics in milk. The analysis of real samples showed the presence of sulfamethoxazole in three milk samples in concentrations of 13±0.1, 9±0.2 and 9.6±0.5 ng ml-1 and no other antibiotics were discovered in the examined samples. Conclusion: Overall, the established approach is a sensitive, accurate and reliable method and has high efficiency in determining selected antibiotics in milk samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Sample preparation by Matrix Solid Phase Dispersion (MSPD)
زهرا آقاجانی راضیه بخشعلی دهکردیMatrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) is a sample-preparation process was first introduced in 1989 for the extraction of drug residues from animal tissue. By blending tissues with a polymeric phase bound to a solid support one obtains a semi-dry material which can be use MoreMatrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) is a sample-preparation process was first introduced in 1989 for the extraction of drug residues from animal tissue. By blending tissues with a polymeric phase bound to a solid support one obtains a semi-dry material which can be used as a column packing material from which one can isolate drugs in a stepwise manner based on the solubility characteristics of the drugs in this matrix.Matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) has found particular application as an analytical process for the preparation, extraction and fractionation of solid, semi-solid and/or highly viscous biological samples.MSPD is based on several simple principles of chemistry and physics, involving forces applied to the sample by mechanical blending to produce complete sample disruption and the interactions of the sample matrix with a solid support bonded-phase (SPE) or the surface chemistry of other solid support materials. These rules are discussed as important factors in the MSPD extraction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Extraction of drugs in water Samples by Carbon Nanotubes modified and Measurement with Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrometry
ali moghimi Shaghayegh Donyagard Vajed Fariborz AziznejadIn this method, the use of drugs continues to increase which leads to an increase in environmental pollution; as a result, drug control is a common practice in many laboratories. This method is dedicated to improving a method to determine small amounts of Ciprofloxacin MoreIn this method, the use of drugs continues to increase which leads to an increase in environmental pollution; as a result, drug control is a common practice in many laboratories. This method is dedicated to improving a method to determine small amounts of Ciprofloxacin in a water and biological sample. In this study, new techniques were applied for solid phase extraction of insignificant amounts of Ciprofloxacin in water samples by carbon nanotubes and its measurement with ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy in biological samples. These techniques are two-phase systems in which donor phases are Ciprofloxacin-containing aqueous samples and acceptor phases are amino-functionalized carbon nanotubes. The experiments were carried out in two stages of extraction from desolate water samples of Ciprofloxacin using methanol as solvent and the desolate samples were taken to UV-Vis spectrophotometer for further analysis. This method is inexpensive, simple and fast, and is consistent with many of the existing machine methods. Extraction parameters such as the effect of desolating organic solvents, pH of donor and acceptor phases, extraction time, desolation time, mixing speed, volume of donor phase and surfactant effect were optimized and quantitative investigations and measurements were done under optimum conditions. The techniques mentioned enjoy many advantages including short extraction time, low consumption of organic solvents, deleting the effect of previous experiments, low detection limit, and high concentration factor. Concentration factor and detection limit for Ciprofloxacin were 10 and 9.51 μg, respectively. the relative standard deviation was 1.12% for Ciprofloxacin and R2=0.9958. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Solid Phase Extraction of Fluoxetine in water Samples by Carbon Nanotubes modified and its determination with Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrometry in Biological Samples
ali moghimi Leila Daemi Kabiri Nazanin FarhadyarIn this method, the use of drugs continues to increase which leads to an increase in environmental pollution; as a result, drug control is a common practice in many laboratories. This method is dedicated to improving a method to determine small amounts of fluoxetine in MoreIn this method, the use of drugs continues to increase which leads to an increase in environmental pollution; as a result, drug control is a common practice in many laboratories. This method is dedicated to improving a method to determine small amounts of fluoxetine in a water and biological sample. In this study, new techniques were applied for solid phase extraction of insignificant amounts of fluoxetine in water samples by carbon nanotubes and its measurement with ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy in biological samples. These techniques are two-phase systems in which donor phases are fluoxetine-containing aqueous samples and acceptor phases are amino-functionalized carbon nanotubes. The experiments were carried out in two stages of extraction from desolate water samples of fluoxetine using methanol as solvent and the desolate samples were taken to UV-Vis spectrophotometer for further analysis. This method is inexpensive, simple and fast, and is consistent with many of the existing machine methods. Extraction parameters such as the effect of desolating organic solvents, pH of donor and acceptor phases, extraction time, desolation time, mixing speed, volume of donor phase and surfactant effect were optimized and quantitative investigations and measurements were done under optimum conditions. The techniques mentioned enjoy many advantages including short extraction time, low consumption of organic solvents, deleting the effect of previous experiments, low detection limit, and high concentration factor. Concentration factor and detection limit for fluoxetine were 14.3 and 13.6 μg, respectively. The linear amplitude was between 1-10 mg.L-1 and the relative standard deviation was 3.33 for fluoxetine and R2=0.9958. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Preconcentration of Amlodipine using Fe3O4@MWCNT- chitosan compositeand determinated by UV-Visb in biologycal samples
ali moghimi Niloufar Tajodini Mohammad YariDrug consuming is increasing these days, which will lead to more environmental pollution. In this reesearch, technique is drug supervising which is used by many laboratories. This technique is about finding a way to determine small amount of Amlodipine in water and bilo MoreDrug consuming is increasing these days, which will lead to more environmental pollution. In this reesearch, technique is drug supervising which is used by many laboratories. This technique is about finding a way to determine small amount of Amlodipine in water and bilogical sample. In this study, innovative techniques to exploit small amount of Amlodipine in solid phase in water sample through Multi Wall Nanotube- NH2 its measurements by visible spectrophotometry and ultra violet in biological samples has been used. These techniques are di phasic system, which donor phases are watery samples and recipient phase is Fe3O4@MWCNT- chitosan. The experiments have been performed in two extraction stages of Amlodipine watery samples desorption by using Ammonia solvent and desorption samples were put to spectrophotometry device UV-Vis for analysis. This is quick and easy method and is consistent with many of available instrumental techniques. Exploitation parameters such as, desorption organic solvent, donor and recipient pH, extraction time, desorption time, stirring time, donor phase volume and surfactant effect were optimized and quantitative evaluation and measurements were performed in optimal conditions. The mentioned techniques have many advantages such as: short extraction time, consumption of organic solvent, deleting previous experiments effect, low diagnosis level and high-condensed factors and diagnosis level for Amlodipine are 12.5 - (LOD) 3.5 µgL-1 respectively. Linear range.0.01-7 mgL-1 and rational standard deviation for Amlodipine were % 1.5 and R2=0.9981. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Dispersive solid-phase extraction for preconcentration of colored effluent in aqueous samples using magnetic carbon nanotubes modified with chitosan
ali moghimi Milad AbnikiIn this study, a new technique of solid-phase extraction by chitosan-modified magnetic carbon nanotubes was used for small amounts of colored effluent as an indicator of bromocresol green in aqueous samples and measured by UV-VIS spectroscopy. This technique is a two-ph MoreIn this study, a new technique of solid-phase extraction by chitosan-modified magnetic carbon nanotubes was used for small amounts of colored effluent as an indicator of bromocresol green in aqueous samples and measured by UV-VIS spectroscopy. This technique is a two-phase system in which the donor phase is aqueous samples containing bromocresol green and the acceptor phase is the chitosan-activated magnetic carbon nanotubes. The experiments were performed in two stages of extraction from aqueous samples and desorption of bromocresol green dyes using ethanol solvent and then the desorbed samples were analyzed via UV-Vis spectrophotometry. This method is cheap, simple, fast, and compatible with many existing device methods. Extraction parameters such as the effect of organic solvent and adsorbent, pH of donor and acceptor phases, extraction time, stirring speed, volume of the donor were optimized and quantitative studies and measurements were performed under these optimal conditions. This technique has many advantages such as; short extraction time, low consumption of organic solvents, elimination of the effect of previous tests, low detection limit and high concentration factor. Acceptable values for concentration and diagnostic factors have been obtained for the extraction of bromocresol green dyes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Dispersive solid-phase extraction for preconcentration of Amlodipine in aqueous samples using Fe3O4@MWCNT- β cyclodextrin composite
ali moghimi Mostafa Shojai Milad AbnikiIn this reasearch, innovative techniques to exploit small amount of Amlodipine in solid phase in water sample through Multi Wall Nanotube- NH2 its measurements by visible spectrophotometry and ultra violet in biological samples has been used. These techniques are di pha MoreIn this reasearch, innovative techniques to exploit small amount of Amlodipine in solid phase in water sample through Multi Wall Nanotube- NH2 its measurements by visible spectrophotometry and ultra violet in biological samples has been used. These techniques are di phasic system, which donor phases are watery samples and recipient phase is Fe3O4@MWCNT- β cyclodextrin. The experiments have been performed in two extraction stages of Amlodipine watery samples desorption by using Ammonia solvent and desorption samples were put to spectrophotometry device UV-Vis for analysis. This is quick and easy method and is consistent with many of available instrumental techniques. Exploitation parameters such as, desorption organic solvent, donor and recipient pH, extraction time, desorption time, stirring time, donor phase volume and surfactant effect were optimized and quantitative evaluation and measurements were performed in optimal conditions. The mentioned techniques have many advantages such as: short extraction time, consumption of organic solvent, deleting previous experiments effect, low diagnosis level and high-condensed factors and diagnosis level for Amlodipine are 14.5 - (LOD) 7.5 µgL-1 respectively. Linear range.0.02-7.9 mgL-1 and rational standard deviation for Amlodipine were % 1.9 and R2=0.9989. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Deltamethrin and Chloropyrifosresidue determination on greenhouse tomato in Karaj by Solid Phase Extraction
Shahrzad Mohammadi Sohrab ImaniConsidering the abundant application of pesticides, the subject of pesticides and their exceeded residues on harvested crops is important issue in agriculture. For this purpose, comprehensive and several studies on agricultural products should be done to prevent of ente MoreConsidering the abundant application of pesticides, the subject of pesticides and their exceeded residues on harvested crops is important issue in agriculture. For this purpose, comprehensive and several studies on agricultural products should be done to prevent of entering of contaminated samples in using cycle. In this study, among 29 fruits and vegetable markets in Karaj, 10 of them in different parts of the city were considered, and 25 samples were randomly prepared for each specimen, weighing 2 kg. Samples in laboratory were extracted by using Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) and with the help of N method were concentrated and extracts were injected into High Performance Liquid Chromatograph (HPLC), Gas Chromatograph (GC/NPD), GC/Mass Spectrometer (GC/MS) devices for measuring the residue. Obtained data were compared with WHO/FAO and national Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) codex by T-test.The results showed that for chlorpyrifor 6 and 20 numbers (24 and 80%) of samples based on WHO/FAO and MRL codex respective, and for deltamethrin 14 numbers (56%) of samples based on WHO/FAO codex have had exceeded contamination of insectides. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Survey on residuals of Fenpropathrin in greenhouse cucumber
B. Rafiei S. Imani M. Alimoradi H. Shafiee Sh. Khaghani S. R. BastanWidespread use of chemical pesticides in agriculture production has brought up concerns regarding the accumulation of residues in food and agricultural environment and endangering human health and ecological balance. Cucumber is of a fresh use vegetable with high consum MoreWidespread use of chemical pesticides in agriculture production has brought up concerns regarding the accumulation of residues in food and agricultural environment and endangering human health and ecological balance. Cucumber is of a fresh use vegetable with high consumption in Iran and has more contamination due to short period between spraying and harvest time. This experiment were carried out to investigate the residues of Fenpropathrin (EC 10%), in a cucumber cultivar in greenhouse (Storm). Cucumber plants was sprayed at recommended doses (2 g/lit) and Samples were collected 1 hour, 1, 3, 5, 7 & 10 days intervals after treatment. Further purification achieved using a silica solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge and pesticides residues were analyzed using GC-MS.Result showed that Fenpropathrin levels below maximum residue level (0.5 mg/kg) were detected 3 days after application and no residues were detected on the 10th day. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Determination of residue of Deltamethrin on greenhouse cucumber
B. Rafiei S. Imani S. R. BastanDue to the extensive use of pesticides in all fresh consumptive vegetables and fruits, it is important to detect the residues of these compounds. Due to short period between spraying and harvest time, cucumber can show a higher level of contamination. This experiment wa MoreDue to the extensive use of pesticides in all fresh consumptive vegetables and fruits, it is important to detect the residues of these compounds. Due to short period between spraying and harvest time, cucumber can show a higher level of contamination. This experiment was carried out to investigate the residues of Deltamethrin (EC 2.5%), in a Storm cultivar of cucumber in greenhouse. Plants were sprayed at recommended doses (0.5 g/lit) and, samples were collected 1 hour, 1, 3, 5 & 7 days intervals after treatment. Pesticides residues were analyzed using GC-MS. Results showed that Deltamethrin levels below maximum residue level recommended by codex (0.2 mg/kg) were detected 5 days after application and no residues were detected on the 7th day. The average of recovery from fortified samples with 0.5 ppm of Deltamethrinobtained 91.3%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Extraction of trigonelline from plasma using a new magnetic composite through the application of experimental design
mahdieh Abbasi meymand maryam kazemipour mehdi ansari dogahe Mehdi shahidizandiBentonite-β-cyclodextrin-iron nanoparticles (Ben-βCD-INP) composite was synthesized,characterized, and utilized like an innovative magnetic solid-phase extraction ( MSPE) adsorbent to separate and preconcentrate trigonelline . Experiment conditions to find imp MoreBentonite-β-cyclodextrin-iron nanoparticles (Ben-βCD-INP) composite was synthesized,characterized, and utilized like an innovative magnetic solid-phase extraction ( MSPE) adsorbent to separate and preconcentrate trigonelline . Experiment conditions to find important variables of trigonelline adsorption on the Ben-βCD-INP were A: time, B: Adsorbent amount, C: pH and for desorption were A: temperature, B: concentration, C: time, and D: Volume .. The adsorbent contributes significantly in the extraction process. The INP in the nano composite makes it easy to remove the adsorbent with the help of a magnet. Scanning electron microscopy( SEM ), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the synthesized adsorbent. Experimental design was used to optimize the factors affecting extraction. trigonelline in plasma samples was extracted and evaluated by a reversed-phase HPLC–UV method. The findings have shown that MSPE was able to extract trigonelline efficiently. The developed HPLC–UV procedure for the determination of trigonelline in human plasma, showed linear relation shipin the concentration interval of 0.05-10 mg/L (r = 0. 9998) with the limit of detection (LOD), the limit of quantitation (LOQ) and recovery (%) of 0.005, 0.018 mg/L, and 114%, respectively. The procedure was successfully used to determine the concentration of trigonelline in human plasma. This study offers a promising hybrid nano bio material adsorbent in biomedical nanotechnology to selective measurement of the drug or supplements such as trigonelline from plasma. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Extraction and determination of group of volatile organic compounds by headspace - solid phase microextraction - gas chromatography in tea and vegetable samples
Mahboobeh Dehghani Maryam Kazemipour Mehdi Ansari Mehdi shahidizandiIn this study, a composite coating of polypyrrole/modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes/modified activated carbon prepared from hazelnut shells (PPy/MWCNTs/AC), was electrochemically synthesized and used for analyzing a group of volatile aromatic hydrocarbons in tea and MoreIn this study, a composite coating of polypyrrole/modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes/modified activated carbon prepared from hazelnut shells (PPy/MWCNTs/AC), was electrochemically synthesized and used for analyzing a group of volatile aromatic hydrocarbons in tea and vegetable samples. In order to obtain an adherent and stable composite coating, the effective parameters on electrodeposition process were optimized using the one-variable-at-a-time procedure, as well as the effective parameters in the desorption step of analytes was performed by this method. Based on the results, the deposition potential of 1 V, the deposition time of 1000 seconds, the desorption temperature of 280 ° C and the desorption time of 5 minutes were considered as the optimal values. To optimize the effective parameters in the extraction stage, the experimental design was used. Finally, the extraction temperature was 25 ° C, the extraction time was 30 minutes and the amount of salt was 10%. The calibration curve for each analyte in a range was linear as follows: 2 ̶ 15 µg ̸ L (fluorene and phenanthrene), 2 ̶ 10 µg ̸ L (anthracene and pyrene) and 0.5 ̶ 8 µg ̸ L (naphthalene). Under the optimized conditions, the amounts of the detection limits (LODs) calculated at S ̸ N proportion of 3, were varied from 0.06 to 0.9 µg ̸ L. The RSDs% of the peak areas ranged between 0.5 and 8.6%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Effective removal of mercury (II) from environmental aqueous samples using carbon nanotubes carboxylated by dispersive solid-phase extraction method
Ali Moghimi Milad Abniki Mohammd YariA very small amount of heavy metals such as mercury (II) can disrupt brain expansion and motor disabilities and generates cognitive. This study aimed to use a simple and rapid method to remove and measure small amounts of mercury (II) ions in aqueous samples. In the pre MoreA very small amount of heavy metals such as mercury (II) can disrupt brain expansion and motor disabilities and generates cognitive. This study aimed to use a simple and rapid method to remove and measure small amounts of mercury (II) ions in aqueous samples. In the present method, carbon nanotubes carboxylated have been used to improve the removal and preconcentration of mercury (II). Parameters such as extraction pH, amount and type of eluent solvent, extraction time, ion effect, etc. have been optimized for the pre-concentration of mercury (II) by the adsorbent. Absorption measurements were performed to estimate mercury (II) using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer. The results showed the proper efficiency of this method in the adsorption of mercury (II) ions.The parameter of concentration, level of detection (LOD) of this procedure, and relative standard deviation test (RSD %) achieved as 20.83, 6 µg L-1, and 1.16%, respectively. The dispersive solid-phase extraction method using carbon nanotubes carboxylated adsorbent indicates suitable of the reproducibility, level of detection (LOD), and concentration factor for the determination of mercury (II), also this method was introduced as an efficient method for the removal of mercury (II) ions from environmental aqueous samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Quantitative and qualitative extraction of stevioside from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. using solid phase molecularly imprinted technique
somayeh aghabeyk Maziar Ahmadi Golsefidi mohammad hadi soleimaniStevia rebaudiana Bertoni. with non-calorie steviol glycoside is an effective drug to decrease of blood glucose in treat of diabetics. The goal of this study is obtaining of a novel method in order to a quantitative and qualitative extraction of stevio MoreStevia rebaudiana Bertoni. with non-calorie steviol glycoside is an effective drug to decrease of blood glucose in treat of diabetics. The goal of this study is obtaining of a novel method in order to a quantitative and qualitative extraction of stevioside as a non-calorie sweetener from Stevia. In this study the dry leaves of Stevia was prepared from Golsaran Shomal company and then in order to extraction of stevioside a solid phase molecularly imprinted extractor was prepared and some parameters affective on extraction of stevioside were optimized. An acrylate functional monomer and a cross linker were used to preparation of stevioside extractor polymer. Functional monomer to cross linker ratio and size and fining degree of the extractor were studied and evaluated. In this study analysis of the stevioside beside of HPLC was accrued by polarography method .The best ratio of functional monomer to cross linker was obtained in 0.2, also the best polymer particle size was obtained in 1000 micron for extraction of stevioside by the extractor and the amount of stevioside was determined 11.6% w/w in this plant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Evaluation of different extraction methods on essential oil composition of Sclerorhachis platyrachis Boiss. by using micro extraction and hydro distillation
Mehdi NekoeiIn recent years, there has been a growing interest in using headspace-solid phase micro-extraction method in the literature. This is mainly due to the particular advantages it has over traditional extraction methods such as reduced extraction time, minimal amounts of th MoreIn recent years, there has been a growing interest in using headspace-solid phase micro-extraction method in the literature. This is mainly due to the particular advantages it has over traditional extraction methods such as reduced extraction time, minimal amounts of the samples and lack of need for solvents. The aerial parts of Sclerorhachis platyrachis Boiss. in blooming were collected from Afchang village in Sabzevar from Razavi Khorasan Province, 1530m in July 2015. The essential oils were obtained by headspace solid phase micro-extraction ( HS-SPME) and hydro-distillation (HD) methods and were analyzed by GC/MS. Results were showed that 22 compounds were identified in HD method in which the β-pinene (20.52 %), camphor (18.05 %), α-pinene (15.16 %) and bornyl acetate (12.17%) were the major constituents, respectively. Moreover the oil which had been extracted by HS-SPME technique with 29 compounds were mainly composed of β-pinene (25.33 %), α-pinene (13.38 %), limonene (9.69 %) and camphor (8.20 %) as the most abundant fractions. So according to the results, the quality and quantity of essential oils of plant could be changed by using of different extraction methods especially by using of HS-SPME method . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - بررسی پروفایل روغن های اسانسی حاصل از اندام های هوائی گیاه پونه سای البرزی با استفاده از روش های کلاسیک و روش های مبتنی بر مایکروویو: مقایسه با اجزاء فرار با استفاده از میکرواستخراج فاز جامد فضای فوقانی
مجید محمدحسینیزمینه و هدف: گیاه پونه سای البرزی یک گیاه داروئی بوده و این گزارش به شناسائی ساختارهای شیمیائی روغن های اسانسی و اجزاء فرار حاصل از اندام های هوائی این گیاه با استفاده از روش های سنتی و پیشرفته اختصاص دارد. روش تحقیق: پروفایل های شیمیائی روغن های اسانسی و اجزاء فرار حاص Moreزمینه و هدف: گیاه پونه سای البرزی یک گیاه داروئی بوده و این گزارش به شناسائی ساختارهای شیمیائی روغن های اسانسی و اجزاء فرار حاصل از اندام های هوائی این گیاه با استفاده از روش های سنتی و پیشرفته اختصاص دارد. روش تحقیق: پروفایل های شیمیائی روغن های اسانسی و اجزاء فرار حاصل از اندام های هوائی گیاه پونه سای البرزی با استفاده از روش تقطیر با آب، استخراج مایکروویو بدون حلال، تقطیر با آب به کمک مایکروویو و میکرواستخراج فاز جامد فضای فوقانی، در ادامه با دستگاه های کروماتوگراف گازی و کروماتوگراف گازی- طیف سنج جرمی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج و بحث: مجموعاً، 25، 26، 24 و 24 جزء در پروفایلهای شیمیائی شناسائی شدند که به ترتیب 98/1،96/6، 97/7 و 96/4 درصد کل ساختار را در بر می گیرند. در تمامی نمونه ها (به استثناء پروفایل حاصل از روش تقطیر با آب به کمک مایکروویو) بیشترین فراوانی متعلق به مونوترپن های اکسیژن دار بود در حالیکه در ساختار روغن استحصال شده به روش تقطیر با آب به کمک مایکروویو مونوترپن های هیدروکربنه بیشترین درصد را در اختیار داشتند. ترکیب ۴-آ-آلفا، ۷-آلفا، ۷-آ-آلفا، نپتولاکتون فراوان ترین ترکیب در روش های تقطیر با آب، استخراج مایکروویو بدون حلال و میکرواستخراج فاز جامد فضای فوقانی و ترکیب ۴-آ-آلفا، ۷-آلفا، ۷-آ-بتا نپتولاکتون، به عنوان مونوترپن اکسیژن دار وافر در روش تقطیر با آب به کمک مایکروویو، شناسائی شد. توصیه های صنعتی و عملی: استفاده از روش های جداسازی پیشرفته برای استحصال روغن های اسانسی سودمند، مقرون بصرفه زمانی بوده و در مقایسه با روش های سنتی و کلاسیک بمراتب مناسبتر هستند. بعلاوه، اهمیت این مطالعه، ریشه در این حقیقت دارد که روغن های اسانسی سرشار از مونوترپن های اکسیژن دار و مونوترپن های هیدروکربنه می توانند محافظت کننده های قوی فرآورده های غذائی و آنتی اکسیدان هائی بی نظیر باشند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Microextraction and preconcentration of nickel in chocolate samples by SrFe12O19@CTAB magnetic nanoparticles and determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy
vahid mortazavi nik elahe kanoz Alireza Feizbakhsh Amir Abdullah Mehrdad SharifCocoa beans contain unsaturated fats and a nickel catalyst is used to hydrate the unsaturated fats. Nickel can be present in high concentrations in chocolate. In this research, dispersion solid phase extraction combined with electrothermal atomic absorption method as a MoreCocoa beans contain unsaturated fats and a nickel catalyst is used to hydrate the unsaturated fats. Nickel can be present in high concentrations in chocolate. In this research, dispersion solid phase extraction combined with electrothermal atomic absorption method as a new method for measuring nickel in chocolate samples. First, strontium hexaferrite magnetic nanosorbents were synthesized. Then its surface was modified with acetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant and magnetic nanosorbent SrFe12O19@CTAB was prepared. The characteristics of the synthesized adsorbent were studied by thermogravimetric analysis-differential scanning calorimetric (TGA-DSC), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The optimum amount of effective parameters of extraction (pH=8, adsorbent amount of 50 mg, and type of eluent solvent of 2% (v/v) methanol in nitric acid with a volume of 2 ml) were obtained. Finally, nickel was preconcentrated in real chocolate samples under optimal conditions. It was measured by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometer. Analytical parameters such as linear working range of the calibration curve 1-100 µg l-1, the detection limit (LOD) 0.45 µg kg-1, the recovery values ranged from 97.8 to 100.2%, relative standard deviation of 0.22-0.68% for all samples and preconcentration factor of 50 were found. This method is a simple, fast, low-cost, effective, high sensitivity, and environmentally friendly method for measuring nickel in chocolate samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Extraction, preconcentration and determination of trace amount of silver by solid phase modified nano-alumina with 4-dimethylaminobenzylidene rhodanine in real samples
nasim dehghan mahdiyeh chegeni mehdi hosseini -
Open Access Article
19 - طراحی و ساخت میکرواستخراج فاز جامد بر پایه نانوکامپوزیت اکسید روی-پلی آنیلین بهمنظور استخراج دی اکسان
رضا علیزاده حسن اسماعیلی مجتبی هادی -
Open Access Article
20 - تهیه هیدروژل و آئروژل بلور نانوسلولز از پالپ پنبه و بررسی کاربرد آن بهعنوان عایق حرارتی
کبری رهبر شمس کار حنانه حیدری علیمراد رشیدی -
Open Access Article
21 - Determination of nitrite in various aqueous samples using magnetic solid phase extraction and image analysis via a mobile phone
leila khoshmaram ali karimi fatemeh sadeghiIn this study, an image analysis method using a homemade colorimeter for determination of trace amount of nitrite in various water samples is provided. The proposed method is based on using a smartphone to obtain RGB values of digital images. 4-nitroaniline and α- MoreIn this study, an image analysis method using a homemade colorimeter for determination of trace amount of nitrite in various water samples is provided. The proposed method is based on using a smartphone to obtain RGB values of digital images. 4-nitroaniline and α-naphthol were used to convert nitrite to a colored product. Magnetic solid phase extraction was then used to extract azo dye. In magnetic solid phase extraction, magnetic graphene was used as adsorbent and acetone as a desorption solvent. After taking the extraction phase digital images using a cell phone and their analyzing using Color Grab software, R values were used to obtain analysis signal related to nitrite concentration. The experimental parameters affecting the reaction and extraction efficiency were investigated. Under optimum conditions, the detection limit and the quantitative limit of the method were obtained 1.2 and 4 μg l-1, respectively. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 10-300 μg l-1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.993. The relative standard deviations for 100 and 30 μg l-1 were 2.2 and 3.9, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of nitrite in various water samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Application of calibration transfer method exploiting multivariate standardization for detection and quantification of parabens in aquatic environments using gas-mass spectrometry chromatography
Maryam Vosough Maryam Torbati Kourosh Tabar HeydarParabens are widely used as preservatives in pharmaceuticals, food, and personal care products. Solid phase extraction (SPE) is one of the most frequently used methods for monitoring parabens in aqueous samples. However, SPE is a costly and time consuming method. In thi MoreParabens are widely used as preservatives in pharmaceuticals, food, and personal care products. Solid phase extraction (SPE) is one of the most frequently used methods for monitoring parabens in aqueous samples. However, SPE is a costly and time consuming method. In this study, the application of piecewise direct standardization (PDS) method for transfer of direct calibration of gas chromatography -mass spectrometry (GC-MS) data to SPE-based calibration and quantification of methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl parben derivatives in aqueous environmental samples has been evaluated. In this method, at first, a multivariate model is constructed using different chromatographic regions based on only two subsets of direct and extracted calibration data, and then a transformation matrix is obtained, which in the next step it can correct all direct calibration samples to be matched with SPE-based data. Modeling validation was confirmed using altrernating trilinear decomposition (ATLD) method, and the recovery values were 81-106% and the mean relative prediction error was 2.1-6.4% for validation samples. Finally, modified direct calibration samples were used to detect and predict pollutants (at low µg/l values) in several real water samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Determination of trace amounts of Zinc and Cadmium in sea water samples by Solid phase Extraction with 5-Amino-2-benzotriazol-2-yl-phenol
S. Mofavvaz M. Rabani H. Ahmad PanahiIn this study, adsorption of Zn2+ and Cd2+ on the synthesised (5- Amino-2-benzotriazd-2-yl-phenol) resin for preconcentration of mentioned ions, on both batch and column methods were studied. The optimum pH for adsorption of the metal ions was 6.5 and the recovery was a MoreIn this study, adsorption of Zn2+ and Cd2+ on the synthesised (5- Amino-2-benzotriazd-2-yl-phenol) resin for preconcentration of mentioned ions, on both batch and column methods were studied. The optimum pH for adsorption of the metal ions was 6.5 and the recovery was above 80%. The effect of temperature on adsorption was investigated. The results showed that the best adsorption was at 25 ͦC and concentration of 100 mg/L. Hence with increasing concentration the adsorption of mentioned ions increased by this resin. The best adsorption was at room temperature, thereby increasing stability of resin with lowest cost. In the column method, the flow rate of the solution passing through the column for maximum adsorption of metal ions was optimized and 0.5 M nitric acid was used as the eluting solvent. The concentrations of metal ions were detected using atomic absorption spectroscopy. With batch method, Zn2+ and Cd2+ concentrations in water sample were 0.000915 mg/L and lower than sensitivity detection limit of the instrument, respectively. Thereafter, for determination of zinc and cadmium ions in Persian Gulf sea water samples, preconcentration process with 100 and 10 times concentration factor was performed, respectively. Manuscript profile
Sanad
Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications
Links
Related Centers
Technical Support
Official pages
The rights to this website are owned by the Raimag Press Management System.
Copyright © 2021-2024