اتلاف

Open Access Article

1 - Managing water wastage, wasting time and increasing the efficiency of the filters using tube settlers
Mohsen Memarzadeh Mozhgan Ahmadi Nadoushan Payam Najafi Mehran Hoodaji

The Isfahan water treatment plant, with a final capacity of 12.5 cubic meters per second, is one of the largest water treatment plants in the Middle East. It has 10 sedimentation basins with a retention time ranging from 1.91 to 2.75 hours; each basin has a volume of 91 More

The Isfahan water treatment plant, with a final capacity of 12.5 cubic meters per second, is one of the largest water treatment plants in the Middle East. It has 10 sedimentation basins with a retention time ranging from 1.91 to 2.75 hours; each basin has a volume of 9172 cubic meters and a surface load of 14.2 to 2.85 cubic meters per square meter per hour. This research was conducted to investigate the efficiency of the combined use of accelerator sedimentation basins equipped with tube settlers on a full and field scale. The goal was to achieve greater efficiency in improving the quality of output water and managing the reduction of water wastage, backwashing time wastage, as well as reducing the need for repairs and maintenance of treatment plant equipment. In this study, the accelerator sedimentation ponds related to two stream 1 clarifiers from the first phase of the treatment plant were equipped with rapid tubular settlers made of food-grade polypropylene. These settlers are hexagonal in shape with a hydraulic diameter of 50 to 80 mm; placed at a 60-degree angle to the surface, and have a length of 90 cm. Stream 2 was operated without the simultaneous use of rapid tube settlers in the circuit. The amount of backwashing’s of filters, the number of times the aerators and backwashing pumps are engaged in the circuit, the amount of water wastage, and the time required for each wash in streams 1 and 2 were compared with each other. The results of this study showed that the number of times of reverse washing of filters was reduced by an average of 25% compared to stream 2. This action also reduced the amount of water used for backwashing the filters and consequently reduced the number of working hours of the electrical and mechanical equipment of the water treatment plant. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Experimental study of the effect of obstacles on flow energy loss in piano key weir
Shimaa Ezzaldine Ibrahi ali khoshfetrat

Piano key weirs have a longer crown length than linear weirs. Increasing the length of the weir crest in a limited width increases the water flow coefficient. Piano key weirs were built about 24 years ago to increase flow throughput, light foundation and higher efficien More

Piano key weirs have a longer crown length than linear weirs. Increasing the length of the weir crest in a limited width increases the water flow coefficient. Piano key weirs were built about 24 years ago to increase flow throughput, light foundation and higher efficiency than other non-linear weirs. Considering the importance of these weirs and the solution to increase the energy loss and finally reduce scour in them; Therefore, in this research, it was tried to use a C-type trapezoidal piano key weir. Four flow rates of 0.025, 0.03, 0.035 and 0.04 cubic meters per second were also used. Three barriers with heights of 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05 meters were also used at the end of the overflow output keys. The results show that with the increase in the height of the obstacles, the amount of energy loss also increases. Also, by increasing the flow rate, the amount of energy loss is reduced. In barriers of 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05 meters, the amount of energy loss increases by 1.20, 2.13 and 2.53%, respectively, compared to the weir without obstacles. The average energy loss in weirs with barriers of 0, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05 meters at the end of the outlet switches is equal to 57.8, 58.5, 59.06 and 59.3, respectively. At the end, a relationship was obtained to calculate the amount of energy loss in the C-type trapezoidal piano key weir along with the barrier at the end of the output keys with a correlation coefficient of 98.9%. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - ارائه و تدوین مدل ناب در صنایع خدماتی با رویکرد ارزیابی خدمات در کلاس جهانی
سید محمد سید حسینی فرشید عبدی

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Open Access Article

4 - بررسی میزان عوامل مرتبط با کندی تسری نظام مدیریت کیفیت جامع در پیکره بخش دولتی ایران
ناصر میرسپاسی محمد حسین متقی سنجر سلاجقه

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Open Access Article

5 - A Comparative Study of Façade Samples in Residential Buildings of Tehran by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
Mohammad-Hosein Shirazian Seyed-Bagher Hosseini Saeid Norouzian-Maleki

Nowadays, there is a rapid growth in residential construction in Tehran. Part of the growth is related to providing housing for citizen and reconstruction of old urban fabrics. Yet many difficulties and barriers may arise in the future due to the relative paucity of tec More

Nowadays, there is a rapid growth in residential construction in Tehran. Part of the growth is related to providing housing for citizen and reconstruction of old urban fabrics. Yet many difficulties and barriers may arise in the future due to the relative paucity of technical standards. The façade skin is considered as one of the most effective ways in aesthetic elements of the urban landscape. The facade plays a vital role in the distinction between interior and exterior spaces. Additionally, it is one of the most vulnerable elements of structures, when they are subjected to earthquakes. Tehran is placed in the one of the world’s most active seismic belts and has sustained repeated considerabledamages due to high magnitude earthquake activitieshappening in some 150 year cycle. Already 182 years have passed since the last one in 1830. It is feared that a major earthquake in Tehran, a megalopolis of over 8 million inhabitants, situated on among active faults, could well lead to substantial loss of life at some 380,000 in the worst case scenario and considerable financial damages particularly due to rapid urbanization started in the 1950s.The main objective of this research is to determine the most appropriate facade system for residential buildings in Tehran. Two types of double-skin facades (twin wall or incorporated shuttering wall and lightweight 3D sandwich panel) and single-skin facades (insulating concrete form and fiber cement board facade) have been selected based on the available studies of facade systems. Data was gathered through Delphi technique.The Delphi technique is an approach used to gain consensus among a panel of experts. This is normally achieved through a series of rounds where information is fed back to panel members using questionnaires.Fourcriteria were selected in the research. Thesecriteria are as follows: earthquake resistance, cost and speed of performance, heat insulation and architectural aesthetics. Weights of them were analyzed by analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method and the systems are compared. An AHP hierarchy is a structured means of modeling the decision at hand. It consists of an overall goal, a group of options or alternatives for reaching the goal, and a group of factors or criteria that relate the alternatives to the goal.Sincepairwisecomparisons are the keystone of these decision-making processes, correctly quantifying them is the most decisivestep inmulti-criteria decision-making methods which use qualitative data. Pairwise comparisons are quantified by using a scale. Such a scale is an one–to-one mapping between the set of discrete linguistic choices available to the decision maker and a discrete set of numbers which indicate the importance, or weightof the previous linguistic choices.In the final step of the process, numerical priorities are calculated for each of the decision alternatives. These numbers represent the alternatives’ relative ability to attain the decision goal, so they allow a straightforward consideration of the various courses of action.Accordingly, lightweight 3D sandwich panel is suggested as the most appropriate for residential buildings in the earthquakeprone areas of Tehran.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - The Effect of Waste Control, Lean Techniques and Visual Systems Factors on Lean Management in the Hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU)
sara safavi jamaledin tabibi leila riahi mahmood mahmoodi

Introduction: The philosophical dimensions of lean management in health section, and especially in hospitals which could renew their function and contribute to their development in providing improved services are of particular importance.The present study aims to invest More

Introduction: The philosophical dimensions of lean management in health section, and especially in hospitals which could renew their function and contribute to their development in providing improved services are of particular importance.The present study aims to investigate the effect of waste control, lean techniques and visual systems on lean management in hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU). Methods: Considering the results, the present case study falls in the applied category. The research populations were managers at different levels of senior, middle, and operational in the SBMU teaching hospitals. The data were obtained through researcher-made questionnaire that its validity confirmed by a group of elite scientific and executive experts in the field of lean management and its reliability calculated 82 percent using Cronbach's alpha. Results: The obtained findings revealed that all the three factors of waste control, lean techniques, and visual systems significantly loaded on the lean management. The results of the conducted factor analysis on the basis of goodness of fit indices NFI=95%, GFI=92%, and RMSEA=0.052% verified fitness of the model. Conclusion: Considering the effect of waste control, lean techniques, and visual systems on lean management in the teaching hospitals, examining hospital infrastructures and the use of self-assessment system for feasibility of lean execution could be effective in establishment of lean management in hospitals. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - The Changed Guarantee in the Rule of the Elimination of the Consenter before Billing and its Effects
Asghar Arabian Hasan Khodabakhshi

In the legal system of Iran and jurisprudence of Imam fellowship, the consensual agreement is a property and the most important effect is the ownership transfer, which coincidently is done by the agreement. However, it is possible to get the guarantee on behalf of the s More

In the legal system of Iran and jurisprudence of Imam fellowship, the consensual agreement is a property and the most important effect is the ownership transfer, which coincidently is done by the agreement. However, it is possible to get the guarantee on behalf of the seller (the consent receiver) and the buyer (the consenter). This consent is the same transferred subject. The changing consent has the mandatory to pay the exchange issue vis-à-vis the transferee and the reverse. The special qualification on the agreement of sales and consenter might be done before the main referral on the delivery of the compensation for the receiver and the withdrawn agreement resolves all charges for the customer. The main legal qualification has no congruence with the ownership transfer, so that the continuance of the changing guarantee relies on the seller for the stipulated compensation and the withdrawal of the contract and this formulation has been agreed by the competent legacy. The transferred guarantee sometimes occurs by the ownership transfer and the bills and billings. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Ownership and Sale of Gamete
Rahmat Farahzadi

Obtaining gamete and its transfer through auxiliary ways ininsemination and fertilization is one of the new arising issueslinking medical technologies with jurisprudence, ethics,psychology, sociology, etc. Gamete as one of the benefits of genitalorgans is the principal More

Obtaining gamete and its transfer through auxiliary ways ininsemination and fertilization is one of the new arising issueslinking medical technologies with jurisprudence, ethics,psychology, sociology, etc. Gamete as one of the benefits of genitalorgans is the principal element in producing human being.Therefore, transfer of gamete is an ethical, jurisprudential, and legalissue more than being a merely medical and scientific one.The transfer of gamete, although done out of reasonable and humangoals and motives, it may face serious challenges due to itsaffiliation with the owners, its special rules, and its legal andreligious consequences in various aspects. In case of presumption ofreasonable and legitimate benefits, separable benefits such asblood, hair, marrow, semen, and its products are capable ofownership and their sale would be valid. Considering the elementsof time and space in changing the usage of the ritually impureobjects is of high importance. Being ritually impure does not haverelevance in the prohibition of sale , nor is of the sufficient cause ofthe prohibition. Capability of an object to be owned depends on itslawful intended profits. Nowadays the reasonable profits of gameteis proven. However, according to divine law, the child born ofgamete is affiliated to the father and this right is not susceptible towaiving. Therefore, gamete lacks some of the essential elements ofproperty and thus lacks the qualifications of transaction. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Social Thought and Social Responsibility in Imamiyah and Sunni Jurisprudence
Iraj Charkhchi Naser Marivani محمد علی ضیائی

Islamic jurisprudence is responsible for understanding divine laws and responding to human needs in the context of individual and social laws and regulations that specify the general rights of individuals to the community, as well as the proper structure of these relati More

Islamic jurisprudence is responsible for understanding divine laws and responding to human needs in the context of individual and social laws and regulations that specify the general rights of individuals to the community, as well as the proper structure of these relationships, and rules such as law, loss, discipline. And he remembers your stewardship ... Guarantees are among the most important and controversial topics in the field of law. Most importantly, because it is the most afflicted, and most controversial, in spite of the wide range of opinions and writings on this subject, there are still disagreements. Social thought has been a well-known customary and institutional founding of human societies and its origin is respect for the property, rights, and other matters in which the guarantor is concerned, and thus in all religions and law schools, the general principle of the guarantor notwithstanding. It has been recognized and legitimized and proven in the toys. Therefore, the root of the customary establishment of the guarantee must be traced back to property and other individual and social rights that have been accepted by human beings in all historical periods for the sake of social interest and justice. The product of social institution is the guarantee of social order, security and justice. Assigning a variety of responsibilities is also a new approach to the science of law. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Experimental Study on a Green Wall to Reduce Heat Transfer under winter and Summer Conditions in the Humid Climate of Rasht
Abdollah Baghaei Daemei Farzaneh Asadi Malekjahan

10.30495/jest.2020.48430.4866

Background and Objective: Reducing energy consumption by optimizing thermal losses is one of the most predominant parameters for designing sustainable and green buildings towards sustainable development goals. Recent research points to the importance of these issues to More

Background and Objective: Reducing energy consumption by optimizing thermal losses is one of the most predominant parameters for designing sustainable and green buildings towards sustainable development goals. Recent research points to the importance of these issues to provide effective strategies. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate green wall thermal performance as an efficient strategy to reduce heat loss in cold and warm conditions in the humid climate of Rasht.Method: The present study was carried out through experimental measurement on a 2-story residential building of which it has a self-clinging plant attaching directly in the north direction. Through temperature and relative humidity data loggers, indoor and outdoor environmental data were collected.Findings: The results showed that the bare wall and green wall indoor average temperatures in winter and summer are about 17.3 and 18, 30.5 and 28 ° C, respectively. During wintertime, the green wall was able to keep the indoor temperature about 0.7 ° C warmer than a bare wall. In addition, in summer conditions, it was found that the green wall was able to drop the indoor temperature by about 2.5 ° C.Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the findings, the green wall could have 9% thermal performance in summer and 4% in winter conditions. Eventually, green walls have a suitable thermal performance to reduce heat losses in the humid climate of Rasht in both winter and summer. It was found that the green wall in summer in comparison with the winter season could be 50% more effective.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Design and Implementation an Ubiquitous GIS in Order to Energy Waste Management of Residential Buildings (Case Study: Shahriar -Shahedshahr)
Rasoul Mohammadi Abolghasem Sadeghi Niaraki Shahram baikpour

10.30495/jest.2021.23368.3250

Background and Objective: Limited energy resources and the need to save on its consumption make energy optimization in the building sector necessary. In this regard, due to the lack of appropriate methods of design and development of new technologies to measure the ener More

Background and Objective: Limited energy resources and the need to save on its consumption make energy optimization in the building sector necessary. In this regard, due to the lack of appropriate methods of design and development of new technologies to measure the energy loss of the building is of particular importance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the energy dissipation of residential buildings by designing and using a practical example based on a comprehensive spatial information system.Method: A number of sample housing units with almost identical geometric and physical conditions were considered. In order to investigate the energy dissipation, an extensive energy management system was designed and developed, which includes the LM35 heat sensor, GPS sensor, and GSM board. The stages of this research include conceptual design of energy management system, data collection, information processing and preparation of waste maps in GIS environment. Software developed in mobile and computer environments was also used to display thermal information.Findings: To obtain the amount of energy dissipation of the windows of the studied buildings, kave heat transfer coefficient was applied to the measured data and the amount of energy dissipation of each section was calculated. The measurement results showed that the kitchens of the studied residential buildings with the values of 1.406 had the highest amount of loss.Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that most of the buildings under study are not optimal in terms of energy standards and energy resources are wasted from them. Also, one of the main sources of energy loss in residential buildings is windows, which have a low efficiency for energy conservation.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Designing a new intelligent control system for ventilation of buildings to reduce energy dissipation
Jafar Tavoosi Majid Valizadeh

10.30495/jest.2022.49887.4938

Background and Objective: Today, energy consumption is on the rise due to population growth, growing human needs, and rising global temperatures. One of the major consumers of energy is buildings with an infrastructure of more than 2,000 square meters. Therefore, reduci More

Background and Objective: Today, energy consumption is on the rise due to population growth, growing human needs, and rising global temperatures. One of the major consumers of energy is buildings with an infrastructure of more than 2,000 square meters. Therefore, reducing energy consumption in buildings should be given much attention. In other words, the purpose of this paper is to control the cooling system in summer and to control the heating system in winter so that the current temperature and humidity of the room are taken into account.Material and Methodology:In this study, fuzzy logic control for building air conditioning system to increase energy efficiency and provide a comfortable environment has been investigated. A theoretical model is extracted from the fan coil unit and the heat transfer between the air and the cooling fluid. The control variables are room temperature and relative humidity and control results, the percentage of cooled and heated water flow rate in summer and the percentage of hot water flow rate and injection steam in winter.Findings: In this study, we found that by using an intelligent controller and compatible with the fuzzy system, up to 90% of energy loss can be prevented.Discussion and Conclusion: Fuzzy control results are compared with conventional proportional-integral-derivative control. Fuzzy controllers are proven to be more efficient and consume less energy than PID controls. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Quranic and Traditional Principles of Judge's Social Responsibilities
Mahdi Bahremand Ahamad Reza Tavakkoli Mohammad Hadi Mahdavi

According to the vital status of judgement which is supposed to be adjudication for the society, a judge should possess special features and characteristics in order to play his role and judge the justice for the individuals as well as the society. In order to attain so More

According to the vital status of judgement which is supposed to be adjudication for the society, a judge should possess special features and characteristics in order to play his role and judge the justice for the individuals as well as the society. In order to attain so, the judiciary system requires informed and educate in jurisprudence and laws to judge and solve people's legal problems unbiased and fairly and solely based on rules and laws. In order to prevent self – willing and egocentric judgement, it is advised to cite Quran and traditions to answer some troublesome questions thus make those sources responsible and avoid errors and mistakes; thus people won't be disappointed of judiciary system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - The rule of causing indirect damage (tasbib) an and its relationship with the rule of causing direct damage (itlaf)
Esmat sadat Tabatabaei Lotfy محمود روشنی

قاعدة تسبیب از جمله قواعد فقهی مؤثر در باب ضمان است. بر اساس این قاعده اگر شخصی با واسطه سبب ورود خسارت به دیگری شود، در صورت انتساب خسارت به او ضامن خواهد بود.مستندات این قاعده روایات و اجماع است که روایات مربوطه بیشترین نقش را در اثبات قاعده دارند.قاعدة تسبیب رابطة تن More

قاعدة تسبیب از جمله قواعد فقهی مؤثر در باب ضمان است. بر اساس این قاعده اگر شخصی با واسطه سبب ورود خسارت به دیگری شود، در صورت انتساب خسارت به او ضامن خواهد بود.مستندات این قاعده روایات و اجماع است که روایات مربوطه بیشترین نقش را در اثبات قاعده دارند.قاعدة تسبیب رابطة تنگاتنگی با قاعدة اتلاف دارد. بر اساس قاعدة اتلاف اگر شخص به طور مستقیم و مباشرتاً موجب ورود خسارت به دیگری شود، ضامن جبران خسارت است. همچنین در صورت اجتماع سبب و مباشر، مباشر ضامن است مگر در صورتی که سبب اقوی از مباشر باشد که در این صورت بر اساس قاعدة تسبیب، سبب مسئول جبران خسارت خواهد بود. در اینکه آیا اتلاف و تسبیب دو قاعده اند یا دو قسم از یک قاعده، نظریات مختلفی ارائه شده است که در هر صورت چه ما این دو را یک قاعده یا دو قاعدة مستقل در نظر بگیریم تمایزاتی بین آندو وجود دارد. از جمله اینکه: در ضمان اتلاف، تقصیر، شرط نیست ولی انتساب شرط است اما در تسبیب، علاوه بر انساب تقصیر نیز شرط است. لذا در دعاوی مطرح شده تحت عنوان تسبیب، زیان دیده باید علاوه بر اثبات زیان، وجود تقصیر را نیز اثبات نماید. همچنین در اتلاف همیشه فعل مثبت موجب ورود خسارت است و هیچگاه ترک فعل از مصادیق اتلاف نمی تواند باشد در حالیکه در تسبیب علاوه بر اینکه در اثر فعل مثبت، زیان متوجه غیر می گردد با ترک فعل هم زیان متصور می باشد. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - effects of destruction object of mortgage on rights of mortgagee
ebrahim delshad maaref مریم نادری قمی

Abstract:A mortgage agreement is subordinate and conditioned contract which means charging property by a debtor to a creditor as security for a debt. It gives creditor the priority to exercise his right on other creditors. Considering the fact that the mortgage property More

Abstract:A mortgage agreement is subordinate and conditioned contract which means charging property by a debtor to a creditor as security for a debt. It gives creditor the priority to exercise his right on other creditors. Considering the fact that the mortgage property may waste or be wasted before maturity this question posed that to waste or being wasted the mortgage property how can effect mortgagee`s right. In this thesis in order to find an appropriate answer to this main question I investigate and analyze civil law, Registration Act, Enforcement official Document Law, and other Regulations.Finally this conclusion achieves that regarding the subordinate nature of mortgage agreement, wasting the mortgage property ,either real waste or apparent one wont overthrow the primary demand of the creditor except in article 107 of Iran`s Maritime Law here, the right of mortgagee on the property is the only thing which voids but he can exercise his right reffers to owing of the debtor .In case of being wasted the mortgage property ,considering Article 791 civil law ,wasted property substitution will replace the wasted property itself, it will be mortgage necessarily. Manuscript profile

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16 - The role of the rule of loss in proving civil responsibility of the state
mohammad daneshnahad abolfazl alishahi

The "wasting" rule is one of the basic rules of civil responsibility in the state, which in some circumstances is the guarantor of the state, and in some other cases the state is not responsible and the person concerned, whether it is a state official or other persons w More

The "wasting" rule is one of the basic rules of civil responsibility in the state, which in some circumstances is the guarantor of the state, and in some other cases the state is not responsible and the person concerned, whether it is a state official or other persons who have worked in the realization of the concept of source wasting, Guarantors. In this research, based on jurisprudential issues and considering the role of this rule in the laws, the position of the principle of loss in the civil responsibility of the state has been addressed, such as the loss of state property, the wasting of the property of the people, the loss caused by non-enforcement of law, the resulting loss The implementation of the false rules and losses caused by the commission in the government guarantee has been investigated and criticized. One of the results of the research is that if a government official misidentified the government, he will be the guarantor of compensation, and if the loss is not the same, the state will be the guarantor of the compensation; if the municipal officials, with the permission and observance of the points Safety, loss, will not be guarantor; otherwise, the guarantor will incur damages; in the implementation of false rules, if the implementers of these policies are aware of its detriment, should partly compensate for the damage, and the other part by the government, As one of the factors causing damage, Manuscript profile

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17 - Sociological analysis of job idleness (case study of Sharif University staff)
فاطمه آبرون خدیجه سفیری خلیل میرزایی

Sociological analysis of job idleness (case study of Sharif University staff)Fatemeh AbrunPhD student in Sociology, Research Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University of Tehran, IranKhadijeh SafiriProfessor, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and E More

Sociological analysis of job idleness (case study of Sharif University staff)Fatemeh AbrunPhD student in Sociology, Research Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University of Tehran, IranKhadijeh SafiriProfessor, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Economics, Al-Zahra University, Tehran, Iran. (Responsible author) kh.safiri@alzahra.ac.irKhalil MirzaeiFaculty memberDepartment of Sociology, Roodehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.Idleness in the organization is a deliberate behavior and a kind of fraud that all employees of the organization at all levels may commit in some way. The aim of this study was to investigate the causes and contexts of idleness among the employees of Sharif University of Technology. The research method is data foundation theory, the required data of which has been done through semi-structured interviews with 35 employees. The method of selecting the participants is purposeful and determining their number after reaching the saturation stage is specified. From a total of 665 raw data, 385 concepts, 35 subcategories and 14 main categories were extracted from the primary data. Finally, the concept of "organized waste of time" was chosen as the main phenomenon that covered the rest of the categories. The results of this study showed that the most important factor in creating a sense of idleness and burnout in participants is "lack of motivation and job identity; variety of tasks and routines and repetition of work." This dissatisfaction is the result of organizational discrimination; Organized corruption; There is costly patient management and bureaucracy with consequences such as; Consequences of vanity (betrayal, personnel inflation, misplacement); Subcutaneousness leads to idleness and reduced efficiency of the organization. The results of this study show that the main and fundamental cause of idleness in organizations is the waste of organized time, which is related to not reviewing the laws and regulations and directives related to the organization. Is. Manuscript profile

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18 - An investigation of bulk module , Pressure transition and electronic properties of Calcium Carbonate using pseudopotential method
Hamdollah salehi Amin Shanbedi

In this paper,bulk module, its derivative, compressibility ,Pressure transition and optical properties of calcium carbonate compound orthorhombic (aragonite) phases are studied. The calculations have been performed with pseudopotential method in density functional theor More

In this paper,bulk module, its derivative, compressibility ,Pressure transition and optical properties of calcium carbonate compound orthorhombic (aragonite) phases are studied. The calculations have been performed with pseudopotential method in density functional theory framework by using Quantume Espresso package. The results of stability and strain transfer indicate that the results of the approximationGGA-NC are more consistent with the values of the experimental strainer than the other two approximations.The obtained refractive index for orthorombic phase (wateryte) are in the directionsx,y and z of 1.273, 1.274 and 1.433, respectively.The amount of optical gap for the orthorombic phase is also direction x,y and z.The results obtained are well consistent with other available data. Manuscript profile

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19 - Calculation of optical properties of Na2S in different phases
Hamdollah salehi Emel Abdoullahi

In this paper, the optical properties of Na2S in various fcc, orthorhombic and hexagonal structural phases have been investigated. Calculations have been performed by using wien2k package which is based on density functional theory and FP-LAPW method. The LDA band struc More

In this paper, the optical properties of Na2S in various fcc, orthorhombic and hexagonal structural phases have been investigated. Calculations have been performed by using wien2k package which is based on density functional theory and FP-LAPW method. The LDA band structure calculation indicate that Na2S is a direct band gap semiconductor in each three studied phases. The optical band gaps obtained from imaginary part of dielectric function are in good agreement with structural band gaps. According to our results the maximum peak of the imaginary part of dielectric function, occurred at the energy range which coincide to the maximum peak of obsorbation and extinctions curves on that range. Similar behavior is observed for real part of dielectric function in comparison to refraction and reflections diagrams. Manuscript profile

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20 - Preparation and Study of Curing Behavior, Mechanical Properties and Hysteresis of SBR Based Hybrid Nanocomposites of Nanoclay and Carbon Black
M. Mohammadi M. Karrabi M.R. Mottaghi

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21 - Lean Supply Chain in Oil and Gas Industry Case study: Iranian Offshore Engineering and Construction Company
Ahmadreza Etemadi Ahamadreza Kasraei

Nowadays, Oil and gas industry has made fundamental changes in growth and development of our country and contemporary demands for oil products and their various applications, in parallel, our country’s potential in this fields leads to noticeable investments of go More

Nowadays, Oil and gas industry has made fundamental changes in growth and development of our country and contemporary demands for oil products and their various applications, in parallel, our country’s potential in this fields leads to noticeable investments of government on this industry. In this regard, the first step is supplying equipment which are needed for transformation the hydrocarbon resources to refineries. Next step is applying specific operations and processes to produce the favorable products. Supplying equipment in shortest time and highest quality make the supply chain more efficient and help an organization to reach its mission. The main aim of this study is to increase the efficiency of the supply chain by the lean supply chain. This process commences with recognition of waste parameters in supplying types of equipment in Iranian Offshore Engineering and Construction Company, and then the parameters sort based on priority and finally led to propose some solution for omission or decline of wastes. So, consulting with professionals, 10 main wastes have been recognized and sorted by applying AHP method by Expert Choice software. In conclusion, several solutions have been proposed for decreasing of wastes. Manuscript profile

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22 - Analysis of Lean Thinking Principles and Presenting Lean Management Model for Education Using Grand Theory Method (Mixed Research)
Moharramali Hashemi Jahanghir Yari Haj Atalou Sadegh Maleki Avarsin

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the realization of the principles of lean thinking and to present a lean management model for Iran’s education.Method: The mixed research approach was used. Using purposive sampling method, 122 principals of ed More

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the realization of the principles of lean thinking and to present a lean management model for Iran’s education.Method: The mixed research approach was used. Using purposive sampling method, 122 principals of education regions of West Azerbaijan completed a researcher-made questionnaire made by Pure Principles. In the qualitative part, to achieve the model, the Strauss-Corbin method continued semi-structured interviews with 13 elites until theoretical saturation was achieved.Findings: The findings show that education is based on long-term philosophy but is not forward-looking, services are tailored to the needs of individuals, specialized tasks and work processes are clear, trainees are trained in philosophy Adhere to Islamic education and the document of fundamental change in education. Therefore, the third, sixth, tenth and eleventh principles are researchers and the first and thirteenth principles are relatively established. In the qualitative part, the results of analyzing the data obtained from the interviews around the paradigm model were divided into 23 categories, including: causal causes 5 categories, environmental conditions 5 categories, background factors 4 categories, strategies 4 categories and consequences 3 categories.Conclusion: Education can not be called "Lean" in the current situation, but in terms of existing capabilities, lean management is applicable in education. In the qualitative section, after analyzing the data obtained from interviews with elites, "value creation through the identification and elimination of maximum waste" was identified as the main phenomenon. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Accuracy assessment of Ro 3rd order and CUSP dissipation schemes to analyze transonic flow around pitching airfoil using structured spring network
Ali Heydari

In this article, the unsteady transonic flow analysis with moving boundary is considered to compare dissipation schemes consist of: SCDS scheme, Ro 3rd order and CUSP methods. So that the unsteady, two-dimensional, non-viscous, compressible flow around an oscillating ai More

In this article, the unsteady transonic flow analysis with moving boundary is considered to compare dissipation schemes consist of: SCDS scheme, Ro 3rd order and CUSP methods. So that the unsteady, two-dimensional, non-viscous, compressible flow around an oscillating airfoil is investigated by solving Euler equations with adaptive grid network. To enhance the ability of moving grid network and prevent interference grids, linear springs are used in tangential and normal direction to the surface. Also the difference between the upwind (Ro) and the central difference CUSP dissipation scheme analysis is studied. The main problem, which occurs to the solution of equations as a result of the phenomenon of shock in central differences, is instability and non-continuity in the solution because of the lack of shock information. To solve the problem the artificial dissipation is used. In this way, the oscillating airfoil motion, the adaptive network and artificial dissipation are modeled. For validation, results are compared with experimental data. Finally, the numerical accuracy is checked. The results show that the of solving the CUSP scheme at the airfoil trailing edge and the shock capturing leads to better accuracy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Power Plant Energy and Exergy Analysis
Ashkan Abdali Susan Mohammad Amin Mojavery Agah

Nowadays, there are some worries about the increasing temperature of earth and the pollution of fossil burning, hence using of new techniques in increasing power plant efficiency are very important. In this paper three structure layouts of turbine and power plant elemen More

Nowadays, there are some worries about the increasing temperature of earth and the pollution of fossil burning, hence using of new techniques in increasing power plant efficiency are very important. In this paper three structure layouts of turbine and power plant elements have been presented and The energy and the exergy losses for each component, energy and exergy efficiency of overall plant and irreversibility have also been determined using mass, energy and exergy balance equations. The energy and exergy analysis have been calculated in traditional and sub-system techniques namely boiler subsystem, steam cycle or thermal cycle subsystem and cooling tower subsystem. Results of exergy analysis in different steam power plants show that the major source of exergy destruction is the boiler. Suitable power plant design and its energy and exergy efficiency will be presented to client, till to support project and have capital investment on it. In this paper, in addition to suggested proportional power plant designs, the technical suggestions have been also presented to increase the power plant efficiencies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - Energy, Exergy and Exergy economy Analysis of three Scenario of Thermal Plant
Mohammadamin Mojavery Agah khalil Mojaveryagah Ashkan Abdali Susan

Steam power plants are an advanced and complex design of the Rankin steam-liquid cycle. Therefore, understanding the concepts of effective parameters in increasing energy and exergy efficiency and also exergoeconomic are very important. The purpose of this study is to i More

Steam power plants are an advanced and complex design of the Rankin steam-liquid cycle. Therefore, understanding the concepts of effective parameters in increasing energy and exergy efficiency and also exergoeconomic are very important. The purpose of this study is to investigate the three basic scenarios of steam power plants, till the required changes in design and its effects on power plant efficiency to be determined. The third scenario has a preheater, a deaerator and two turbine extraction. The second scenario has a turbine extraction and preheater. In third scenario, energy and exergy efficiency are 20.74% and 26.91%, respectively. it’s increases of energy and exergy efficiency relative to second scenario are equal to 19.13% and 9.48%, respectively. Exergoeconomic analysis has shown that boiler and turbine have the highest total cost of investment, maintenance and exergy destruction, hence special attention should be paid to this equipment. The high relative cost factor of the boiler (r) indicates that the boiler efficiency can provide an overall improvement in the cost of this equipment. This can be done by reducing the exergy destruction by preheating and reducing losses and use of excess air. The Exergoeconomic coefficient of fk turbine is high. This means that to reduce the cost of the turbine, the possibility of reducing parameters such as inlet steam temperature, turbine pressure and it’s efficiency should be given more attention. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - بررسی عملکرد مدولهای ترموالکتریک در استحصال توان الکتریکی از گازهای گرم اگزوز خودرو
نادر رهبر

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27 - The Results Mapping Flow of Value in Electrical Component Manufacturing Company Using ARENA
mohsen alvandi malek tahuri masoud ahmadzadeh

Mapping the flow of value is a tool which. Is used to improve the quality  and implementation of the foundations of pure production . this technique can be used in business and managerial systems and can also be used to visualize the flow of materials in various st More

Mapping the flow of value is a tool which. Is used to improve the quality  and implementation of the foundations of pure production . this technique can be used in business and managerial systems and can also be used to visualize the flow of materials in various stayes of processing as well as to determine the flow of in formation . this study is aimed at present the results of using value flow mapping in a  an electrical. Component  production  unit using the symbols and techniques of value flow techniques by ARENA. The results show the effect of using such a method on the production efficiency. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - Principles of Profusion Percepts of Water and its Resulted Guarantee
Nahid Dehghan Afifi Ahmad bagheri Seyyed Abolghasem Naghibi

10.22034/ijrj.2019.666897

Profusion is one of the ethical vices in Islam and intellect and customary laws have confirmed its prohibition and indecency. Amid these, water as a vital element is one of the materials which are at the human’s disposal. Profusion means extravagance and trespassi More

Profusion is one of the ethical vices in Islam and intellect and customary laws have confirmed its prohibition and indecency. Amid these, water as a vital element is one of the materials which are at the human’s disposal. Profusion means extravagance and trespassing the limit and waste means destruction as well. Knowing the concept of profusion and also waste will help noticeably to understand the obligatory and statuary prohibition which holds liability. The conceptual verses of the Quran contain the prohibition of profusion. Traditions are also divided into two categories encompassing phrases against the profusion of water. Some of them with the concept and some others with logic and clarity have considered the profusion of water as an unlawful action. The jurisprudential rules in use are the jurisprudence such as "La Zarar va La Haraj" rule: in Islam [being harmed and harming others], no waste or causing waste can prove liability for the profligate person. However, the fault with the above mentioned reasons is that waste and causing waste are on the other’s assets whereas it does not include the private assets. There is not an independent writing on the exiting documents related to prohibition or liability of profusion of it but there are more general decrees which are seen in practical writings. The results of this short writing are to prove the obligatory prohibition and liability of water profligate person. That is to say that the citizen cannot have excessive use of water under this pretext that they pay the cost of the consuming water and referring to the presented documents, the state can introduce the individual as a liable person. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - The six sigma and lean management Approaches in education
parivash Jafari, sohrab Yazdani,

                    Six sigma and lean management  are two powerful approaches for the efficiency and quality of processes,each of which include a pack of tools, basics and sp More

                    Six sigma and lean management  are two powerful approaches for the efficiency and quality of processes,each of which include a pack of tools, basics and specific principles and powerful adminstrative systems for production of qualitative services and customer - centered by omission of process errors and waste and creation of values in an organization.                     The present article is based on library studies and takes an analytic exploration of the contents of papers, latin and persian books with the purpose of description and clarification of theoretical bases and the principles the approaches, nativization( localization) and their application and merging into education so that we could provide an optimal basis for their application in education.                       Undoubtedly, with the application of tools, principles and procedures related to six sigma and lean in line with reduction of process application errors and increase of their potential, also value creation and omission of wastes, we can experience great changes in education, and achieve desirable and defficiency-free conclusions, and reach qualitative and improved goals designed for education.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - Establishment of Workplace Organizing System, 5S , in Islamic Azad University-Ardabil Branch
Shahram Mirzaee Daryani Bahman Shareghi

Organizations at every stage of their life and affected by the competitive atmosphere of the existing environment know that they must make optimum use of resources. Workplace organizing system, 5s, is one of the approaches that make organizational productivity and excel More

Organizations at every stage of their life and affected by the competitive atmosphere of the existing environment know that they must make optimum use of resources. Workplace organizing system, 5s, is one of the approaches that make organizational productivity and excellence possible. The advantages and benefits of applying this system in the economic, cultural and social dimensions of the human system at micro ad macro levels indicate the important status of this new managerial design. The purpose of the present research is to investigate the establishment of 5s along with the necessary measures to pave the way for it. Managers and employees by understanding the conceptual points of 5s in reducing all kinds of wastage, improving the procedures, and optimizing the systems, have contributed with increasing interest to the establishment of the system. Analysis of the findings obtained from one-sample t-test of the researcher-made questionnaire indicated that both managers and employees have confirmed the establishment of 5s. Optimal use of resources, timely elimination of unnecessary materials, successful spotting of the root causes of pollutions, revision of the existing standards, increasing managers and employees’ commitment, improving people’s communication systems, placing importance to the identification of any kind of wastage with the aim of reducing its types have been the instances observed at Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch based on the establishment of 5s system.    Manuscript profile

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31 - بررسی اثرات نیروی پاندرموتیو در برهمکنش لیزرپر شدت با پلاسمای مغناطیده کم چگال اتلافی
لیلا رجایی مریم جعفری

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32 - Synthesis of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles and investigation of magnetic hyperthermia properties at different concentrations
Salah Khanahmadzadeh kamran heydaryan

10.30495/jacr.2022.694461

In this paper, cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized using a co-precipitation method. The properties and characteristics of the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were studied using XRD, VSM, and FESEM analyses. The FESEM images showed that the cobalt ferrite nanopart More

In this paper, cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized using a co-precipitation method. The properties and characteristics of the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were studied using XRD, VSM, and FESEM analyses. The FESEM images showed that the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles had almost spherical morphology, and that the particle size distribution (determined with the help of Digimizer software) was in the range of 25–60 nm. Moreover, the average size of the nanoparticles was calculated to be in the range of 37-47 nm. The VSM results indicated superparamagnetic properties of the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles at room temperature. Besides, the saturation magnetization and coercivity were found to be 30 emu/g and 39 Oe, respectively. The specific loss power (SLP) was investigated by preparing ferrofluid concentrations of 3, 5, and 8 mg/ml under a magnetic field of 400 Oe and at a frequency of 400 kHz. In this case, the rate of the increase in temperature of the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles was measured in a certain period of time, and the related SLP was calculated. The results of the measurements showed that the highest rate of the heat generation occured at the concentration of 8 mg/ml, leading to an SLP value of 162 W/g. Manuscript profile

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33 - Study on the rheological behaviour and the elasticity of polyolefin terblends having various compositions
somayeh mohamadian mona taheri

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Open Access Article

34 - The position of fault in civil and criminal regulations (analysis of the rule of loss and causation)
Muhammad Heidari Farahnaz Afzali Qadi

Abstract One of the rules that has been legislated to create civil liability and coercive guarantee and the legislator has formulated legal materials and compensation according to this rule, is the rule of loss and causation. The purpose of this study is to investigate More

Abstract One of the rules that has been legislated to create civil liability and coercive guarantee and the legislator has formulated legal materials and compensation according to this rule, is the rule of loss and causation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the status of guilt in criminal and civil regulations and as the pillars of the perpetrator's responsibility from the perspective of jurists and jurists. Jurists consider fault as one of the pillars of responsibility, but believe that in the guarantee of loss, fault is not a condition, but attribution is a condition, but in addition to attribution, fault is also a condition. Therefore, in the lawsuits filed under the heading of causation, the injured party must, in addition to proving the loss, also prove the existence of fault. But Imami jurists do not differentiate between loss and causation and believe that the perpetrator of harm is the direct agent or agent of causation, it does not change anything and what is important is to achieve the loss and the need to compensate it even if the fault is not realized and the current It can also be done involuntarily. And it is not important to separate the loss into direct (direct factor) and causal (indirect factor). The results of research show that the rule of causation is closely related to the rule of loss and as such is one of the effective jurisprudential rules in guarantee. And in cases where the cause is stronger than the steward, that is, it was the perfect cause for loss, instead of the rule of loss, the rule of causation applies. In both rules, there are elements of responsibility and the difference in the cases should not be confused with the difference between the two generals and the general principle in compensation is that the damage can be attributed and customarily attributed to the perpetrator of the damage and can be claimed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - Lean Thinking in Human Resource Management (Case Study: Tehran City Council)
Delnaz Halvachizadeh Gholam Reza Memarzadeh Nabiolah Mohammadi Homa Doroudi

The lean concept achieves measurable consequences in the process and work time by reducing or eliminating worthless activities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide a model of lean human resource management for the Council of Tehran. The present research i More

The lean concept achieves measurable consequences in the process and work time by reducing or eliminating worthless activities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide a model of lean human resource management for the Council of Tehran. The present research is a developmental-applied objective and is a part of qualitative research. First, by analyzing and interpreting 5 interviews conducted with 5 experts of the Islamic Council of Tehran and line by line reviewing the interviews and integrating the model obtained from the interview and reviewing the literature using the theme analysis method, the Delphi process was completed in four rounds and an agreement was reached after the fourth round. In this study, 24 indicators were identified in 9 main dimensions after evaluating theoretical literature of the research and existing models and Delphi method for lean human resource management model. The results of the research provide a comprehensive model for lean human resource management that can be used by managers and researchers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

36 - Theory of stewardship in civil liability From the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence and Iranian law
nader pourarshad

Theory of stewardship in civil liability From the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence and Iranian law(with emphasis on the analysis of new dimensions of recognizing the criteria of stewardship)Nader PourarshadAssistant Professor of Department of law , Shahrekord Branch More

Theory of stewardship in civil liability From the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence and Iranian law(with emphasis on the analysis of new dimensions of recognizing the criteria of stewardship)Nader PourarshadAssistant Professor of Department of law , Shahrekord Branch , Islamic Azad University , Shahrekord , IranThe terms direct and causal have been used in the jurisprudential rule of loss (superb and causal). These two terms are also used in Articles 332 of the Civil Code and 492 et seq. of the Islamic Penal Code. However, in jurisprudential texts and civil law, there is no definition that indicates all the important and significant features of these two. The Islamic Penal Code, which defines the two in Articles 494 and 506, does not list all their important and significant features either. The present article, therefore, aimed to fill this gap by exploring and expressing the characteristics of the trustees and the conditions for assigning damages to them in terms of Islamic jurisprudence, case law, legal doctrine, and judicial procedure in Iran in a way that facilitates the diagnosis of the cause and other factors related to the damageKeywords: loss - civil liability - agent - manager - cause Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

37 - Fabrication and investigation of structural and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of Barium Strontium Titanate/Cobalt Zinc Ferrite composites
احمد پوربافرانی

In this study, barium strontium titanate/cobalt zinc ferrite composites that composed of two different magnetic phases were investigated. Pyroelectric phase consists of barium strontium titanate particles with particle size of about 150 nm and soft magnetic phase consis More

In this study, barium strontium titanate/cobalt zinc ferrite composites that composed of two different magnetic phases were investigated. Pyroelectric phase consists of barium strontium titanate particles with particle size of about 150 nm and soft magnetic phase consists of cobalt zinc ferrite nanoparticles with particle size of about 30 nm. Two phases were prepared with sol-gel method and under appropriate stoichiometry. XRD analyses indicated formation of pure phase for each magnetic phases and FESEM analysis indicate the structural properties of Cobalt-Zinc ferrite and Barium Strontium Titanate nanoparticles. Investigation of permittivity, permeability and reflection loss of samples indicated the response of electromagnetic waves to these samples in the frequency range of 1-18 GHz. According to the reflection loss of composites, there are two mechanisms for the absorption of electromagnetic waves. In the first region of this frequency band, magnetic loss from Cobalt-Zinc ferrite nanoparticles is dominate and in the last region of this frequency band, dielectric loss from barium strontium titanate is dominate. Manuscript profile

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38 - Effect of WO3 on the sintering behavior, microstructure, and dielectric loss of Ba(Co1/3Nb2/3)O3 Ceramics
Negin Mazrooei Ahmad Sayyadi-Shahraki

10.30495/apme.2021.681601

In the present work, effect of WO3 dopant on the sintering behavior, microstructure evolution, and microwave dielectric loss of Ba(Co1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics were systematically investigated. (1-x) Ba(Co1/3Nb2/3)O3 – (x) WO3 compounds, where x=0, 0.002, 0.004, 0.008, More

In the present work, effect of WO3 dopant on the sintering behavior, microstructure evolution, and microwave dielectric loss of Ba(Co1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics were systematically investigated. (1-x) Ba(Co1/3Nb2/3)O3 – (x) WO3 compounds, where x=0, 0.002, 0.004, 0.008, and 0.02, were prepared by the conventional solid state synthesis route followed by sintering at 1300-1450ºC for 10h at air atmosphere. Solid solution limit of WO3 oxide in the Ba(Co1/3Nb2/3)O3 compound and formation of any secondary phase were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. In addition, the obtained XRD patterns were simulated by Rietveld refinement and degree of 1:2 cation ordering was calculated based on the refinement results. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to study microstructural development of the ceramic samples and to directly identify secondary phase formation and their morphology. XRD results demonstrated that WO3 could solve into Ba(Co1/3Nb2/3)O3 structure for x<0.02, while detailed investigation by SEM directly indicated that even for Ba(Co1/3Nb2/3)O3 – 0.002 WO3 (x=0.002) composition additional phases were precipitated during high-temperature sintering. According to the XRD results, it was found that BaWO4, and Ba9CoNb14O45 compounds were formed as secondary phases. On the other hand, Rietveld refinement simulation showed that addition of WO3 into Ba(Co1/3Nb2/3)O3 results in a significant decline in the 1:2 cation ordering degree, where it was deceased from 95% to 59% when x was increased from x=0 to x=0.02. Quality factor, Q, (inverse of dielectric loss, 1/tanδ) of the prepared ceramics were measured at the microwave frequency range and it was found that incorporation of WO3 noticeably lowered the quality factor of Ba(Co1/3Nb2/3)O3 materials, where Q×f (f denotes resonance frequency) was measured to be 61,000 GHz for x=0 composition, whereas, measurements did not show any resonant peaks for x=0.02 ceramics, which means the ceramics suffer from a huge microwave dielectric loss. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

39 - Reviewing the criminal responsibility of committing crimes by robots
Nahid Dehghan Afifi

Robots are man-made machines designed for various purposes. The advancement of technology has envisioned different uses for them. Their deployment in wars and as weapons is a legal and jurisprudential question, which requires criminal liability for deliberate destructio More

Robots are man-made machines designed for various purposes. The advancement of technology has envisioned different uses for them. Their deployment in wars and as weapons is a legal and jurisprudential question, which requires criminal liability for deliberate destruction through them. Understanding the concepts of robot, criminal offenses, cause and agent, commander, destruction, instrument, will be of great help in tackling this problem. Documents in proof of criminal responsibility can be verses that indicate a suretyship through the public. And the application and generality of hadiths, as well as the rule of indirect destruction, which is derived from reason and narration, are the other reasons in this context. Commander’s verity to the designer of such machines, the attention of the surety to non-addicted robots and the attention of the surety to multiple designers, as well as the investigation of causality or stewardship in intelligent robots and assaulting (warrior) robots are other jurisprudential branches of this issue. The role of the robot in performing such actions is a rational concern and cannot be doubted. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

40 - Improving Hysteresis Performance Steel Frames with Diagonal Bracing
مرتضی جمشیدی

A concentrically braced frame (CBF) is a conventional frame to provide lateral strength and stiffness. CBFs have less ductility and energy dissipation capacity. Studies on the lateral behavior of CBF show that the ductility and seismic behavior of these frames are inten More

A concentrically braced frame (CBF) is a conventional frame to provide lateral strength and stiffness. CBFs have less ductility and energy dissipation capacity. Studies on the lateral behavior of CBF show that the ductility and seismic behavior of these frames are intensively affected by the compression element behavior; and stiffness and strength reduction after the compression element buckling decreases the CBF performance under cyclic loading considerably. In this paper, a steel yielding device constructed with waste materials is proposed to improve the hysteresis performance of the CBFs. The hysteresis performance of the proposed device is studied through experimental and numerical studies. Experimental and numerical studies show the stable hysteresis performance of the proposed device and its appropriate energy dissipation capacity. In the case of the studied device, no strength and stiffness reduction is observed up to 18 mm axial displacement. 2. On the other hand, achieving equivalent viscous damping ratio for the damper constructed with IPE80 without the use of sophisticated tools is noticeable. Manuscript profile

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