Excessive presence of livestock as well as forest dwellers in the villages around the forest are the most important factors that have accelerated the process of destruction of forest ecosystems. Area protection is one ofthe simple management improvement methods that improves the physical and chemical conditions of the soil. This study was conducted to determine the effect of grazing management of livestock (wildlife and domestic livestock) and human presence on physical and chemical properties of soil in two protected areas with an area of 171 hectares and unprotected with an area of 1123.1 hectares inGuilan province. Systematic sampling method was used starting with a random point with a grid size of 150 × 200 meters and a total of 60 samples were taken in both protected and unprotected areas. Inside each sample plot, a mixture of topsoil (depth 0 to 20) was taken to decompose some of the most important physical and chemical properties of the soil and transferred to the laboratory. The results obtained from the two-way t-student test showed that in relation to the physical properties of the soil, two factors, saturated moisture and sand, and in relation to the chemical properties of the soil, only potassium in the two regions showed significant differences. In general, the mean values of bulk density, saturated moisture, clay, silt, organic carbon and potassium in the unprotected area were higher than the obtained protected area and the other factors in the protected area had a higher average value than the unprotected area.
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