Natural Ecosystems of Iran: 5 (4)

Open Access Article

1 - Habitat suitability modeling Stipa barbata species using Ecological Niche Factor Analysis (case study: Taleghan Rangelands)
محمدعلی زارع چاهوکی محبوبه عباسی

This study was done aimed to determine the habitat suitability of S. barbata species using ecological niche factor analysis in rangeland of Taleghan miany. Stipa barbata species has good quality and the preference value that is important in soil conservation and forage More

This study was done aimed to determine the habitat suitability of S. barbata species using ecological niche factor analysis in rangeland of Taleghan miany. Stipa barbata species has good quality and the preference value that is important in soil conservation and forage production for livestock. In order to habitat suitability modeling for this species were used than presence point and the soil variables such as the information layers of gravel, pH, lime, organic matter, N, K, P, sand, clay, silt and topographic variables maps (slope, aspect and Height) were used as variables affecting the species. The results of the study indicate that in the habitat suitability of S. barbata species in the study area environment variables height, direction of North, EC has a negative impact and depth, lime, organic matter and pH variables has a positive impact, And have been important factors. Accuracy model is calculated 87/5% using continue Boyce index that to verify the accuracy of the model results. Kappa coefficient obtained by matching the prediction map with ground truth equal 0.76. According to the results obtained values marginality (1.64), specialization (8.39) and toleranc of (0.119) obtained from the model, it can be concluded that the S. barbata species is specialty relative to the specific conditions of the environment variables, and tolerate the specific domain of environmental variables in the range the study area. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Evaluation and assessment of changes in forest area Harra (mangrove) Using remote sensing techniques Case Study: Bandar Abbas
محمد علی زنگنه اسدی ابراهیم تقوی مقدم elahe akbari

Knowledge of changes is first, most important action planners, and authority’s natural and human environment. Satellite images and satellite image processing techniques and methods very precise tool for navigation and assessment of changes in forest areas is the p More

Knowledge of changes is first, most important action planners, and authority’s natural and human environment. Satellite images and satellite image processing techniques and methods very precise tool for navigation and assessment of changes in forest areas is the purpose of of this study is assess the changes in forest areas mangrove in Bandar using the technique of remote sensing. To achieve this purpose of we used the information and topographic maps, satellite images and the algorithm of maximum likelihood and minimum distance 1989, 2005 and 2015 years of area. The results show that the maximum likelihood method with 98/32% overall accuracy and kappa coefficient 0/978 accurate method than using support vector machine and the minimum distance for mapping land cover changes and monitoring changes in forest. According to calculations forest surface area’ of 76/09 sq km in 1989 has increased to 125/08 square kilometers in 2015. Which indicates the shores of the Strait of Hormuz is the hydrodynamic change. Thus adopting every environmental protection measures in the area is necessary, any facilities and infrastructure projects must comply with environmental considerations and ecological. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Combination of AHP and TOPSIS methods to prioritize of flooding in Taleghan sub watersheds
Samaneh Razavizadeh کاکا شاهدی

Flood is one of the natural disasters which every year cause to great life and property damage in different parts of world. Determination and prioritization of flooding in sub-watersheds with the aim of setting priorities in policy and management practices, is of utmost More

Flood is one of the natural disasters which every year cause to great life and property damage in different parts of world. Determination and prioritization of flooding in sub-watersheds with the aim of setting priorities in policy and management practices, is of utmost importance. In present study sub-watersheds of Taleghan watershed based on flooding potential were prioritized using AHP and TOPSIS techniques. Criteria considered for prioritization were the most important criteria affecting on rainfall infiltration, runoff and flooding potential. They include sub-watershed area, compactness coefficient, drainage density, average slope of sub watershed, mean elevation of sub watershed, the percentage of impervious area, curve number, main channel slope, main channel length, and concentration time. Results indicated that the three criteria of impervious area, CN and main channel slope, respectively, with relative weights of 0.283, 0.231 and 0.163 were the most significant parameters relating to flooding potential in sub watershed. The final results derived from combination of AHP and TOPSIS also showed that among the 16 sub-watersheds of Taleghan, three sub-watersheds of Hasanjun, Narian and Shahrak, respectively, have the highest potential of flooding. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The study of some ecological factors affecting distribution of Festuca ovina in Rangelands, Lorestan Province- County Delfan
amir mirzaei mossivand Farshad Keivan Behjou Parvin Ramak Ehsan Zandi Esfahan

The aim of present study was assessing relationship between Festuca ovina dispersion. 5 habitats in County Delfan was chosen. In each habitat, three sites were selected at each site was established three transects the length of 100 meters. Along each transect in 10-squa More

The aim of present study was assessing relationship between Festuca ovina dispersion. 5 habitats in County Delfan was chosen. In each habitat, three sites were selected at each site was established three transects the length of 100 meters. Along each transect in 10-square-meter plots with a total canopy cover and density of the studied species was determined. Then at initial, mid and end of transects soil samples were extracted in 0-30cm depth (A total of 135 soil samples). Height, slope, aspect and some soil characteristics including texture, electrical conductivity, acidity, organic matter, phosphorus, potassium and nitrate was determined. Cluster analysis to classify the sites sampled, Compare groups resulting from cluster analysis of independent t test and discriminate analysis was used to determine the important parameters. The results of cluster analysis indicated that the sites were separated to two main groups (At 5%). Also the results showed that studied species have the most presence in height of 2641m, slope more than 40 percent, NorthWest and western aspect, temperature more than 10 degree, precipitation 481mm, soils with 1.97 percent organic matter and less clay also more silt. The results of discriminant analysis indicated that at first level height, precipitation, temperature and some soil parameters like sand, silt and organic matter and at second level aspect and other soil characteristics like pH and potassium are effective in the studies species dispersion. According to the results of this study can be recommended as suitable to be used for rangeland restoration Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Investigation of positioning, mixture and size diversity of Lonicera nummulariifolia Jaub. & Spach in Zagros forests (Case study: Parak Area, Khorramabad City)
شهرام مهدی کرمی بابک پیله ور رامین حسین زاده null null

Lonicera nummularifolia Jaub. & Spach is one of the valuable trees and shrubs species that can be observed with oak species in Zagros forests. Regard to the high value of this species from protection, support and medicinal aspect, it can be necessary to perform comp More

Lonicera nummularifolia Jaub. & Spach is one of the valuable trees and shrubs species that can be observed with oak species in Zagros forests. Regard to the high value of this species from protection, support and medicinal aspect, it can be necessary to perform comprehensive study. Therefore, this study was carried out in order to investigate the location, mixture and size of Lonicera nummulariifolia Jaub. & Spach in Zagros to neighboring trees in Parak Area, Khorramabad City. For this purpose, four-hectare plots was performed, L. nummulariifolia trees were identified and the azimuth and distance from four neighboring tree species and crown dimensions of neighbors trees were investigated. In this study, uniform angle index, Mingling mixture index and canopy size index were used to evaluate the diversity of positioning, to determine the mixture and to verify the dimensions of Lonicera, respectively. Based on the results of this study, an average of three uniform angle index, mingling mixture and canopy dimensions were 0.575, 0.940 and 0.590, respectively, which represent a random arrangement of this species to neighbors trees, the large mixture and medium dimensions in compared to other neighbors. Also, based on the distance index to the nearest neighbor, the average distance to the four neighboring tree was calculated equal to 1.99 meters. The results of this study can be used to provide a model to the preservation, restoration and development of Zagros forests which has fragile ecosystems. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Investigation of Structure and Regeneration Forest Trees in Logged and Non-logged (Case of study: Darabkola Forest of Sari)
ali shojaie shami امین وثوقیان

In this study the effects of the silvicultural methods was investigated on structure and regeneration of the forest trees in logged and non-logged stands according to the importance of forest trees. The forest had two regions with same areas which one of them was logged More

In this study the effects of the silvicultural methods was investigated on structure and regeneration of the forest trees in logged and non-logged stands according to the importance of forest trees. The forest had two regions with same areas which one of them was logged through shelterwood system and another was non-logged. Logged stand was assessed after 10 years from harvesting. 60 plots (1000 m2) and micro-plots (100 m2) were systematic randomly established in the field. The comparison of the diameter of trees between these two stands showed the significant difference (P<0.05). With comparison of the vegetative parameters of four trees near to plot center it was demonstrated that there was significant difference between two stands concerning diameter at breast height (P<0.05), stem height (P<0.05), crown height (P<0.01), basal area at breast height (P<0.01) and volume (P<0.05). There wasn’t significant difference for total height, minimum and maximum diameter of crown and basal area of crown. Comparison of the regeneration in micro plots of two stands indicated the significant difference at probability level of 99 percent for regeneration density of stands. Moreover, there was significant difference at probability level of 95 percent between two stands for regeneration quality. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Management in tourism sustainable development the role of urban (Case studay:Nour coastal city)
asadolllah divsalar meisam tavakoli amirhosein khademi

Tourism city, for a sustainable balance between the needs of local communities, protecting the environment and improving the quality of life and gain experience in tourism and sustainable tourism to form a strong management system for urban needs; productivity managemen More

Tourism city, for a sustainable balance between the needs of local communities, protecting the environment and improving the quality of life and gain experience in tourism and sustainable tourism to form a strong management system for urban needs; productivity management should advantage in tourism in the region with a view of a system in which the supply and demand dynamics in the context of sustainable development, with emphasis on mind is formed. Accordingly, the present study the role of urban management, sustainable tourism development, explored the coastal city of light 5 For this purpose, a questionnaire ‌ ‌ researchers made a variety of formats ‌ Likert options were evaluated. The population study of all citizens and all directors, officers and experts are involved in tourism in the City of Lights composed. The population sample of citizens, using Morgan ‌ random sampling method, the number of 265 Person Was selected, but limited due to the small population city managers data, was requirements through all the numbers.(50 Person). The reliability of the questionnaire, using Cronbach's alpha equal to 0/86 respectively. And its validity was evaluated by the teachers and academic experts. analyze and describe two methods to analyze data collected from consists of two parts:was descriptive statistics (frequency, relative percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics(A single-sample t test). The results of the t test One sample showed that respondents view status indicators, economic, social, cultural and environmental sustainability of tourism in the City of Lights unsuitable and Tourism development is not sustainable. The results of one-sample t-test showed that the performance of urban management, urban management, sustainable tourism development in the light indicated. Finally, based on the findings of research proposals towards a more prominent role in urban management and sustainable development of tourism in the coastal city of light was presented. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - A review on soil erosion and sediment fingerprinting studies
kazem nosrati Mostafa Amini

Suspended sediments originated from nonpoint sources in the fluvial and the catchment which they are different on spatial and temporal scales. Fingerprinting of sediment process focus on methods that researchers able to discriminate sediment sources using composite and More

Suspended sediments originated from nonpoint sources in the fluvial and the catchment which they are different on spatial and temporal scales. Fingerprinting of sediment process focus on methods that researchers able to discriminate sediment sources using composite and extracted samples from river and basin. Interesting to this method has been increased as a erosion and sediment technique, as well as tools for completing of old method of water erosion with regarding to identifying of sediment sources, sediment delivery in the river at various spatial and temporal scale and estimation of soil erosion using existing tracers in the soil and sediment. This research emphasis on the used techniques and methods, mixing model and utilities of various tracers in the erosion and sediment studies focusing on sediment fingerprinting in the world and Iran in order to reviewing of performed studies researchers able to be familiar with existing models, tracers and new technologies and find track of soil and sediment studies focusing on fingerprinting. Result of review showed that cohesive studies of soil and sediment with regarding to new methodology started since 60th decade and studies have been performed in large, medium and small scale basin, hillslope, plot and experimental scale with techniques such as radionuclide decay, earth rare element, magnetic properties of soils, other tracers and fingerprinting. This research reviews and introduces erosion and sediment models, fingerprinting models, existing tracers and sampling methods and new soil and sediment technologies of Iran (patents). Manuscript profile

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