About the journal
Recent Articles
-
Open Access Article
1 - Evaluation of the relationship between some soil characteristics and soil formation factors(Case study: four watersheds in Qazvin province(
Alireza Pazhuhandeh Ali Mohammadi Torkashvand Abolfazl Moeini Ebrahim PaziraIssue 2 , Vol. 14 , Autumn 2023The effective factors in soil formation include parent material, climate, topography, time and living organisms. The changes of these soil formation factors cause different physical and chemical properties in the soil. The purpose of this research was to investigate the MoreThe effective factors in soil formation include parent material, climate, topography, time and living organisms. The changes of these soil formation factors cause different physical and chemical properties in the soil. The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between soil-forming factors and soil physic-chemical properties. For this purpose, in four watersheds of Qazvin province, a map of working units was first prepared with field visits with the help of geographic information system at a scale of 1:25000. Then, 101 soil samples were collected and EC, pH, organic matter percentage, sand fraction, silt proportion, and clay percentages were measured. The relationship between soil formation factors and properties was investigated using linear multivariate regression in three methods of Enter, Forward, and Stepwise. To investigate parent materials from the sensitivity factor to the erosion of rocks, for living organisms, the percentage of organic matter through laboratory analysis, for topography from the two factors of slope and height and from the geological era to investigate time and for the climate factor from two Rain and temperature factors were used. The accuracy of these models was validated using two statistics of explanation coefficient and mean squared error. The results demonstrated that the highest R2 value of 0.78 with an RMSE of 0.56 was associated with the relationship between pH and soil-forming factors (regression by the Enter method). There was less than a 50% correlation between silt, clay, and electrical conductivity with soil-forming factors. According to the models obtained in this research, it was found that it is possible to prepare maps of soil physic-chemical properties with the help of soil formation factor maps in different regions by using more extensive modeling. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Prioritization of effective factors in the improvement of old canals using the fuzzy hierarchical method (Case study: Siraf city, Bushehr province)
Mehdi Shanbadian Marzieh MogholiIssue 2 , Vol. 14 , Autumn 2023Considering the importance of water and its role in the formation of civilizations, the investigation of one of the water structures called Qanat can show the effect of this structure in the continuation of life. In the central plateau of Iran, due to the hot and dry cl MoreConsidering the importance of water and its role in the formation of civilizations, the investigation of one of the water structures called Qanat can show the effect of this structure in the continuation of life. In the central plateau of Iran, due to the hot and dry climate, the aqueduct has been used as a solution for exploiting underground water for a long time. Others such as mills and reservoirs, glaciers, etc. were created, which are known as urban elements of the desert fabric. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the aqueducts of Siraf city and choose the best aqueduct for investment and restoration. In this regard, by using various parameters such as the length of the aqueduct, the diameter of the ring of the aqueduct, the distance from the city, safety, the amount of water flow, these parameters are checked in the Fuzzy ANP methods in the Super Decision software by giving them weight according to All the different parameters and related maps are analyzed using geographic information system and the best aqueduct is selected for investment. The results indicate that Dubai's criteria with rank 1 has the highest priority for restoration and reconstruction. 7) and depth (8) are in the next priorities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Investigating the concentration of heavy metals and soil pollution indicators in west of Tehran
Fataneh Valinejad Tabrizi Azadeh Arbaby Reza BornaIssue 2 , Vol. 14 , Autumn 2023The expansion of urbanization and the development of cities along with the rapid increase in population, the development of industrial activities and the excessive consumption of fossil fuels have greatly increased pollution and have turned this issue into one of the en MoreThe expansion of urbanization and the development of cities along with the rapid increase in population, the development of industrial activities and the excessive consumption of fossil fuels have greatly increased pollution and have turned this issue into one of the environmental issues in recent decades. Tehran metropolis is one of the cities with high air pollution, which can be deposited in the soil and observed in the long term. In this research, in order to evaluate the concentration of heavy elements from the soil of the three areas of the 21st district of Tehran municipality, 10 samples were prepared with three repetitions and a total of 90 samples. Sampling was performed from a depth of 0-20 cm with three replications. Degree of pollution, pollution load index, and ecological risk index were used to assess pollution. Comparison of the concentrations of heavy elements and the trend of their changes showed that the accumulation of these elements has been created in the soil surface. The mean concentrations of the studied elements in zones 2 and 3 were higher than zone 1 (P-value < 0.05). Based on the results, the concentration of the studied elements in regions of two and three were higher than area one (P-value <0.05). Also, the pollution index being higher than one, indicates a high concentration of heavy elements compared to the background concentration in the studied area. The results of this research showed that due to the increasing development of urban and industrial areas in west Tehran, the soil of this area is highly exposed to heavy elements. Therefore, it seems necessary to regularly monitoring the soil of the region in terms of heavy elements and to carefully check the origin of these elements. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Classification of residential and tourism comfort using climatic indicators (Case study: Ilam province, Iran)
Ali Arefi Mohsen Ranjbar Reza BornaIssue 2 , Vol. 14 , Autumn 2023Identifying areas prone to residential comfort and tourism based on climatic parameters is one of the most used topics for climate, geography and tourism researchers. Considering the importance of the topic, the current study aimed to classify the climatic and tourism c MoreIdentifying areas prone to residential comfort and tourism based on climatic parameters is one of the most used topics for climate, geography and tourism researchers. Considering the importance of the topic, the current study aimed to classify the climatic and tourism comfort using climatic indicators in Ilam province. First, using climatic data of rainfall, temperature, relative humidity and speed from six synoptic stations, descriptive statistics were analyzed. The statistical period of the study case was 30 years (water year 2010-2018 to 2019-2019). Next, using Baker's climatic indices, effective temperature and probability distribution, the degree of climatic comfort was determined for each month. This research analyzed the consequences of changes in temperature and precipitation on the climatic comfort of Ilam province in terms of geographical territory. The results of Baker's climatic indices, effective temperature and probability distribution showed that the months of April, May, October, November and March are prone to climatic comfort. According to the results, the cities of Darreh Shahr and Lomar have the greatest potential for climatic comfort in the months of transition from heat to cold (October and November) and cold to heat (April and May). In general, the northern and eastern cities of Ilam province have higher climatic comfort in spring and autumn. On the other hand, in winter season, the southern and border cities (Mehran and Dehloran) have a comfortable climate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The role of automobile factories and Moin Kagaz Raje company on the air pollution of Khashroodpi city of Babol using the Leopold matrix method
mohammad Motamedi ahmad araeyan mahdi vatanparastIssue 2 , Vol. 14 , Autumn 2023The purpose of the present study is to investigate industrially produced pollutants of two automobile factories and Moin Paper Company of Rajah Industrial Town and its role on the pollution of Khashrudepi city, which is the closest city to Rajah Industrial Town. The que MoreThe purpose of the present study is to investigate industrially produced pollutants of two automobile factories and Moin Paper Company of Rajah Industrial Town and its role on the pollution of Khashrudepi city, which is the closest city to Rajah Industrial Town. The question raised in this research is to what extent the two Rajah industrial factories affect the air pollution of Khashrudopi city. This research is practical in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical and correlational in terms of research method. This research is done to find out the existence of the relationship between the variables, but it is not necessary to discover the cause and effect relationship. The methods used to collect and analyze data in this research are list method, checklist and Leopold's matrix. The relationship and correlation between the values of the investigated parameters were investigated by Pearson's correlation test and SPSS software. Since the Pearson test can be performed for normal data, the Kolmogorov-Smironov test was first performed to check the normality of the data. The obtained results indicate that there is a direct relationship between the changes in the pollutant parameters of carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, fine dust with a size of 10 microns, and nitrogen dioxide in the two regions of Rajah and Khashrudepi industrial towns, and there is significance between the two regions regarding the parameter Ozone was not detected. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Analyzing the performance of managers in preventing damage urban hazards with an emphasis on passive defense in order to preserve environmental ecosystem)case study:Noshahr city)
Farhad Bani Sheykh Aleslami Ameneh HaghzadIssue 2 , Vol. 14 , Autumn 2023Iran its special geographical ecosystem Iran has always been exposed to all kinds natural and human hazards and has suffered heavy human and financial losses.As human settlements,cities are not exempted from occurrence such disasters. Managers' lack attention proper loc MoreIran its special geographical ecosystem Iran has always been exposed to all kinds natural and human hazards and has suffered heavy human and financial losses.As human settlements,cities are not exempted from occurrence such disasters. Managers' lack attention proper location and planning prevent unbridled growth cities has caused many problems.The process crisis management is important topic in strategy preventing and reducing urban damages.Themain goal this research is analyze performance of city managers preventing damages caused risks passive defense.Itis survey in which questionnaires containing closedended questio Likert scale were used. Analysis and analysis data was done using factor analysis test comparison mean sample was done. From statisticalcommunity experts and managers Mazandaran's city Nousher, using snowball method,60people were selected as sample.The findings of research show performance urban managers in indicators infrastructure support,design, planning in reducing urban risks has been favorable and relativelyfavorable.Factor analysis related to 63 components the research has led the researcherto 8 important and effective factors related to performance of urban managers to reduce urban risks.The first factorwith a specific value of 5.5 (with a total variance of 11.8)and fourth component includes allocation credit for training citizens to deal with urban risks. Optimum location treatment and aid centers,attention to climate in construction buildings attentionto slope and topography in establishment buildings,which has assigned the most factor to the first component.The results path analysis the indicators affecting performance urban managers, factor natural environment city with a total effect value0.607 has the most effect on performance of managers.Urban risk reductionis the scope study. Manuscript profile
Most Viewed Articles
-
Open Access Article
1 - Prediction Probable Flood and Maximum precipitation Using Poldukhtar Basin Suffered partial Series
مهدی Mehdinasab تقی Tavoosi رضا MirzaeiIssue 1 , Vol. 5 , Summer 2014Floods are natural phenomenon that human societies have accepted it as an inevitable event but the event size and frequency of flooding is caused by several factors That is, depending on climatic conditions, natural and geographical each region changes. Annually in diff MoreFloods are natural phenomenon that human societies have accepted it as an inevitable event but the event size and frequency of flooding is caused by several factors That is, depending on climatic conditions, natural and geographical each region changes. Annually in different parts of the world, many people's lives and properties due to flood risk falls And millions of tons of precious soil are destroyed by floods. One of the world is a flood natural disaster losses Bartryn. Statistical analysis has shown that about 70 percent of flood damage is caused by natural disaster in Iran This study estimated the a probable flood and maximum precipitation using Poldukhtar suffered minor series is action. The number 20 Heavy rainfall 24Hours over 40 millimeters The number 30 seals with more than 500 cubic meters per second was chosen discharge. Selection criteria for floods had chosen the first seal is attached to the previous flood. Thus, the interval between Two flood peaks from each other, must be at least 3 times the amount of time discharge began to reach the stage of the flood hydrograph peak flow needs. Secondly, the amount of discharge after the first flood and before the second flood in less than one third flood peak is reached first.The series detailed method to estimated the flood discharge and The maximum sustained 24-hour rainfall return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 200 years has been And the results showed that each year, probably 99.99 percent slapped with a flow rate 606.32 cubic meters and a 24-hour precipitation amount of 43.07 millimeters Poldukhtar happening in theBasin Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Analysis of Vegetation Indices Change in Sensors of Landsat Satellite (Case Study: Persian juniper fields of East Golestan National Park and Ghorkhod Protected Area)
Samereh Falahatkar Rahimeh Saberfar Seyed Hossein KiaIssue 1 , Vol. 9 , Summer 2018Today acquisition of knowledge regarding to the health of vegetation has an important role in the management of protected areas and conservation of plant and animal species. Remote sensing is a useful technology for investigation of vegetation since past to present that MoreToday acquisition of knowledge regarding to the health of vegetation has an important role in the management of protected areas and conservation of plant and animal species. Remote sensing is a useful technology for investigation of vegetation since past to present that have priority over other method. Using vegetation indices in determination of the spatial distribution of vegetation is one of the ways for vegetation change detection. In this study, due to suitable atmospheric conditions and percentage of cloud cover less than 10%, the images of June 1987 and 2016 and May 2003, TM, ETM + and OLI sensors of Landsat and three vegetation indices, including NDVI, SAVI and EVI were used for the identification and classification vegetation cover. The cross-classification method was used to compare vegetation indices with land cover map which produced by hybrid classification and selecting the best vegetation index in classification. Kappa coefficient obtained from comparison of vegetation map using NDVI index and land cover map for 1987, 2003, and 2016 were 0.87, 0.82 and 0.87, respectively, which were higher than others. Also, the results of 30-year-old reveal a decrease of 9153.27 hectares of Juniperus in the studied area that 9092.43 ha were converted to rangelands and 60.84 ha to barren lands. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Ethnobotany of medicinal plants among the northern counties local communities of Fars province
Roja Safaeian Elahe Niknam simakaniIssue 2 , Vol. 13 , Autumn 2022Medicinal plants constitute a high percentage of plant species in Iran. There are still unknown types of drugs that still use from the past years until now to. Due to the increasing demand for herbal medicines and the human desire to use them instead of chemicals need f MoreMedicinal plants constitute a high percentage of plant species in Iran. There are still unknown types of drugs that still use from the past years until now to. Due to the increasing demand for herbal medicines and the human desire to use them instead of chemicals need for research it seems necessary. The following study is considered in Abade, Khorambid, Bavanat and Pasargad. The questionaries were included plant local name, place of collection, parts used, season of harvest, medicinal uses, contraindications, how to prepare and method of use. Information on the use of plants was obtained by interviewing with 40 traditional herbalists. The data collected was analyzed by using quantitative indices in terms of the value of the use of the species (UV), informant consensus factor (ICF), and fidelity level (FL). The results showed that reported plants in the traditional shops belonging to 32 botanical families and 83 species. Lamiaceae was the most common family (20.7%), followed by the Asteraceae family (11%), then, Apiaceae (9.8%). In the present study, the results obtained from local communities showed that the use of medicinal plants is to relieve and cure digestive diseases. In this regard, the aerial parts of plants are more useful when consumed as herbal tea. Paying attention to these results shows the role of important of ethnobotanical studies in today's human life. Furthermore, this issue shows human need to the nature, pastures and its products in order to heal and relieve the spiritual and physical science. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Evaluation of structural and functional characteristics of ecological spots using the LFA
Maasoumeh Movaghari Leila KhalasiIssue 3 , Vol. 9 , Winter 2018Khuzestan province is one of the provinces that have been struggling with the phenomenon of dust in recent years and has suffered many economic, social and environmental consequences. This research was conducted to identify the ecological components in the sand dunes of MoreKhuzestan province is one of the provinces that have been struggling with the phenomenon of dust in recent years and has suffered many economic, social and environmental consequences. This research was conducted to identify the ecological components in the sand dunes of Zoeir in Khouzestan province with the aim of evaluating soil level indices by LFA method. This region is located at 48.1 km distance from Ahvaz city. Sampling unit in this research was linear transect. Ecological spots and the spaces between them were determined during each transect and then five repetitions were selected randomly between them. Then, eleven soil indices that determine three functional characteristics (stability, permeability and nutrient cycle of the elements) were scored according to Tongway and Hindly) 2003(. Then, three functional features were determined based on the scores of related indices, Using LFA software. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis and comparison of ecological spots. The result showed that the highest percentage of soil stability is related to tree spots and the smallest percentage refers to the spatial space (bare soil). Also, the highest percent of the nutrient cycle was related to tree and tree trunk spots and the spatial space (bare soil) with the forbs spot had the lowest food cycle. Also, contrary to the research hypotheses, the highest percentage of permeability belonged to the bare soil. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Investigation of arid vegetation compatibility toward precipitation variation with NDVI index (a case study, Ardakan-Aghda plain)
منیرالسادات Tabatabaii Zadeh فاطمه Hadian S.Z Hosseini جلال Barkhordari حسن KhosraviIssue 1 , Vol. 5 , Summer 2014Drought monitoring is a important management program, but have some limitation as economical, huge and arduous natural areas. Then nowadays have been used satellite images for drought monitoring and management of areas as fastest and low cost method. In this research ha MoreDrought monitoring is a important management program, but have some limitation as economical, huge and arduous natural areas. Then nowadays have been used satellite images for drought monitoring and management of areas as fastest and low cost method. In this research have been used NOAA satellite images and annual/seasonal precipitation data during 2005-1982 then studied effect of Precipitation on vegetation cover in a part of Yazd province (Ardakan- Aghda area). The 92 precipitation maps have been prepared For determination of precipitation value in every vegetation type by using climate data and classified by distance weighting interpolation method. The results show an alone vegetation index could not define vegetation cover of study area that necessary to used multi-regression methods with other climatic factors. Furthermore, this index is not useful for arid area because have very low correlation between INDVI index and precipitation then is necessary to use other indexes and satellite images with more quality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Identification and determine the distribution of plants used by bees in Galehdar watershed (Fars province)
عبدالحمید Karimi حسن Nazarian عفت Jafari احمد HatamiIssue 3 , Vol. 7 , Winter 2016In addition to knowledge of the biology of honey bees, beekeepers are required to define species, amount of nectar and pollen and flowering duration. This information can be used in preparing beekeeping calendar and suitable usage of different nutrient sources in order MoreIn addition to knowledge of the biology of honey bees, beekeepers are required to define species, amount of nectar and pollen and flowering duration. This information can be used in preparing beekeeping calendar and suitable usage of different nutrient sources in order to have an economical apiculture management. This study conducted in southern of Fars province (Galehdar watershed) to plants identification, flowering period determination, beekeeping calendar preparation and apiculture improvement.Galehdar watershed covers an area of 52250 hectares, with a minimum height of 480 m and a maximum of 1600 m above sea level, is located in southern of Fars province. In this study, using aerial photographs and topographic maps, early type of plants were classified. Then Plant density and canopy cover of honey bee plant resources determined in different sites of this area. Botanical studies of research area and identification of main species of plant types of Galehdar watershed showed six dominant plant types in this area. Also, data showed that the plants genus such as Veronica, Calendula, Plantago and Silene in the form of forbs, Astragalus fasiculifolius, Convolvulus acanthocladus and Platychaete aucheri in the form of shrubs, Ziziphus spina-christii and Amygdalus eburnea in the forms of tree and bush had the highest plant density in the Galehdar watershed. The best flowering time of these plants is from March to May. Thus during this period bee keepers can use this area for having high productivity and performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Determining rangeland suitability model for sheep grazing using GIS (case study: Baqeran watershed)
halime joloroo عین اله rouhi moghaddam Hadi memarianIssue 4 , Vol. 6 , Winter 2016Abstract Rangeland ecosystems are considered as one of the most complex ecosystems and there are the close relationships between its components. This implies that rangeland resources in every area, be evaluated properly for each kind of utilizations and also land MoreAbstract Rangeland ecosystems are considered as one of the most complex ecosystems and there are the close relationships between its components. This implies that rangeland resources in every area, be evaluated properly for each kind of utilizations and also land suitability is specified for each land use. The aim of this study was determining ranges suitability for sheep grazing in Baqeran watershed, South Khorasan that has been performed using the FAO method in GIS. In this study three factors, including forage production, water resources and sensitivity to erosion were considered among physical and vegetation factors which have been provided as three sub-models. The final model of range suitability shows that high slope and distance from water resources are the most important factors to decrease land suitability for this land use. It was also observed the 32.63 % of rangelands were grouped in the S2 class (medium), 21.13 % were grouped at S3 class (low- suitability) and 18.06 % of N class (non – suitable). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - An Investigation of Range Types Condition and trend in Ala region of Semnan
fatemeh farzanepey Nahid alipoor Negin Pak Hasan Kaboli Tayebeh MesbahzadehIssue 4 , Vol. 8 , Winter 2018Abstract More than the half of Iran area included rangelands that are as important as an economic and social revolution bed of Iran tribes. Vegetation determination and rangeland statue detection using recognized methods help us for optimum using and destruction preven MoreAbstract More than the half of Iran area included rangelands that are as important as an economic and social revolution bed of Iran tribes. Vegetation determination and rangeland statue detection using recognized methods help us for optimum using and destruction prevent and needed balance consideration of rangeland. Ala region of Semnan is considerable as a rangeland in order to great area and species rich that in this study was investigated. In this study vegetation map and floristic list of region was prepared using satellite images and geographical information system and desert visits and we use 4 factors method for rangeland statue analysis. In this study at the first working unit were provided in 3907.4 area for vegetation research of Ala region. Major rangeland species of each type for each working unit were identified based on regulated tables and forms and the type name was determined according to medium dominance of canopy. There dominant plant type was detected in this region included Artemisia, Holxylon and Peganum. The results show that rangeland statue in studied region is poor with considering measuring and estimations and tendency go toward retro gradation. So in this rangeland the management methods and their applying methods are so important. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Investigation of positioning, mixture and size diversity of Lonicera nummulariifolia Jaub. & Spach in Zagros forests (Case study: Parak Area, Khorramabad City)
شهرام مهدی کرمی بابک پیله ور رامین حسین زاده null nullIssue 4 , Vol. 7 , Winter 2017Lonicera nummularifolia Jaub. & Spach is one of the valuable trees and shrubs species that can be observed with oak species in Zagros forests. Regard to the high value of this species from protection, support and medicinal aspect, it can be necessary to perform comp MoreLonicera nummularifolia Jaub. & Spach is one of the valuable trees and shrubs species that can be observed with oak species in Zagros forests. Regard to the high value of this species from protection, support and medicinal aspect, it can be necessary to perform comprehensive study. Therefore, this study was carried out in order to investigate the location, mixture and size of Lonicera nummulariifolia Jaub. & Spach in Zagros to neighboring trees in Parak Area, Khorramabad City. For this purpose, four-hectare plots was performed, L. nummulariifolia trees were identified and the azimuth and distance from four neighboring tree species and crown dimensions of neighbors trees were investigated. In this study, uniform angle index, Mingling mixture index and canopy size index were used to evaluate the diversity of positioning, to determine the mixture and to verify the dimensions of Lonicera, respectively. Based on the results of this study, an average of three uniform angle index, mingling mixture and canopy dimensions were 0.575, 0.940 and 0.590, respectively, which represent a random arrangement of this species to neighbors trees, the large mixture and medium dimensions in compared to other neighbors. Also, based on the distance index to the nearest neighbor, the average distance to the four neighboring tree was calculated equal to 1.99 meters. The results of this study can be used to provide a model to the preservation, restoration and development of Zagros forests which has fragile ecosystems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Investigation of Structure and Regeneration Forest Trees in Logged and Non-logged (Case of study: Darabkola Forest of Sari)
ali shojaie shami امین وثوقیانIssue 4 , Vol. 7 , Winter 2017In this study the effects of the silvicultural methods was investigated on structure and regeneration of the forest trees in logged and non-logged stands according to the importance of forest trees. The forest had two regions with same areas which one of them was logged MoreIn this study the effects of the silvicultural methods was investigated on structure and regeneration of the forest trees in logged and non-logged stands according to the importance of forest trees. The forest had two regions with same areas which one of them was logged through shelterwood system and another was non-logged. Logged stand was assessed after 10 years from harvesting. 60 plots (1000 m2) and micro-plots (100 m2) were systematic randomly established in the field. The comparison of the diameter of trees between these two stands showed the significant difference (P<0.05). With comparison of the vegetative parameters of four trees near to plot center it was demonstrated that there was significant difference between two stands concerning diameter at breast height (P<0.05), stem height (P<0.05), crown height (P<0.01), basal area at breast height (P<0.01) and volume (P<0.05). There wasn’t significant difference for total height, minimum and maximum diameter of crown and basal area of crown. Comparison of the regeneration in micro plots of two stands indicated the significant difference at probability level of 99 percent for regeneration density of stands. Moreover, there was significant difference at probability level of 95 percent between two stands for regeneration quality. Manuscript profile
