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    • List of Articles صمد صباغ

      • Open Access Article

        1 - Sociology of Novelty Developments in Iran
        Roohollah Rashid kershan Samad Sabbagh
        This study seeks to provide sociological explanations for “novelty” in Iran. The key question is “How the social institutions deal with “novelty”?” In this study a combination of theories of "Iranian novelty”, “indigenous More
        This study seeks to provide sociological explanations for “novelty” in Iran. The key question is “How the social institutions deal with “novelty”?” In this study a combination of theories of "Iranian novelty”, “indigenous novelty”, “National and alien novelty” presented by scholars such as Taghi Azad Armaki, Dr. Jamshid Behnam and Dr. Moosa Najafi. The sum of these theories is based on two points: First, modernity is different from novelty. Second, any community can experience its own novelty. The research method is documentary and data are collected by library method. The research results indicate that the governments have provided the areas for emergence of novelty in the past two hundred years in Iran. They have often followed all technological and material aspects of novelty. Iranian clergy have played a role in making the ground for novelty under three groups of “proponents”, “opponents” and “critics”. Also, Iranian intellectuals have welcomed novelty in the form of “proof, criticism and rejection”. The purity of knowledge and attachment of the intellectuals to novelty and its principles and achievements have been more than the rulers and clergies Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - The examination of the relationship between social alienation, economic poverty and beliefs with hope for the future in Students of Islamic Azad University of Marand
        Amir Ali Amirhkannejad Samad Sabagh
        The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between social alienation, economic poverty and beliefs with hope for the future in Students of Islamic Azad University of Marand in 2015-2016 academic years. The purpose of this study is Practical, the metho More
        The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between social alienation, economic poverty and beliefs with hope for the future in Students of Islamic Azad University of Marand in 2015-2016 academic years. The purpose of this study is Practical, the method of the study is descriptive and from data collection perspective is Fieldwork. The study population consisted of all Marand Islamic Azad University students who were 5800subjects.The sample size was 360 that was estimated using Cochran formula and were selected by stratified cluster sampling method. For datacollectiontwoquestionnaireswere used: Miller Hope Questionnaire (MHS)and researcher-made questionnaire with the acceptable reliability and validity. For statistical analysis descriptive and inferential statistics, correlation coefficient and Student T test were used.  Results show that, hope for the future has negative relationship with social alienation and economic poverty, and has a positive relationshipwith beliefs. Also One-way analysis of variance shows that, the impact of gender and educational level variables is not meaningful on the students hope for the future. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Examination of the relationship between religiosity and health (physical, mental, social and spiritual) through moderating variables of social support and self-esteem (among the Islamic Azad university of Tabriz students)
        Majid Pour Majed Samad Sabagh Mahmood Elmi
        The present study examines direct and indirect effects of religiosity on health. The health variable is considered in four dimensions of physical, mental, social and spiritual and the indirect effect of religiosity on health is examined through social support and self-e More
        The present study examines direct and indirect effects of religiosity on health. The health variable is considered in four dimensions of physical, mental, social and spiritual and the indirect effect of religiosity on health is examined through social support and self-esteem. To explain the relationship between variables the theories of Durkheim, Allport, Wilkinson, Pargamnt, and cooper smith have been used. The research method is survey and the data collected through a questionnaire.400 students were selected as the sample of the study using Cochran formula. In order to test the hypotheses Pearson correlation, regression analysis and path analysis were used. The results of Pearson correlation show that there is 99 percent significant correlation between religiosity, social support and self-esteem and overall health. In addition the results of multivariate regression analysis reveal that these independent variables explain 15.1% of variance of general health, 9.4% of variance of physical health, 23.2% of variance of mental health, 12.7% of variance of social health and 40.2% of variance of spiritual health.   Furthermore the results of path analysis indicate that religiosity doesn't have significant effect on general and social health. Religiosity has also indirect significant effect on these dimensions. These findings confirm the implications Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - Examining the sociological factors related to eating attitudes of female students of medical faculty of Urmiah University.
        Samad Sabagh Maryam Maryam Seyedzadeh Talatapeh Maryam Seyedzadeh Talatapeh
        Good nutrition and access to safe and appropriate food are the most fundamental rights of human beings. Without the proper nutrition, no one will enjoy the blessings of health. Meanwhile, the Nutrition of Women and Girls are particularly important because they have More
        Good nutrition and access to safe and appropriate food are the most fundamental rights of human beings. Without the proper nutrition, no one will enjoy the blessings of health. Meanwhile, the Nutrition of Women and Girls are particularly important because they have special physical needs in different periods of life. On the other hand, girls today are the future mothers and considering their nutritional needs, the healthier mothers, the healthier and the more efficient generation we will have in the future. On this basis, the present thesis aim to determine the sociological factors affecting the eating attitudes of girls. In this study, theories of Mary Story, Jean Baudrillard, Neil Postmen, Shills, Daniel Lerner, Hayprt, Markvzeh, Rieszman, and Robert Merton & Lazarsefled, Cockerham, Herbert Mead and Charles Horton Cooley were used. The aim of this research is to determine the correlation of sociological factors (media, advertising, family, peers, socio-economic status of family) and eating attitudes among MA girl Students of medical faculty, urmia branch in 1388-89. The total number of female students was 977 and 276 students were selected by Kocran formula. Data were analyzed by SPSS and statistical tests of F, r-Pierson and multi _regression were used to acquire results. So results showed that of applied factors media had the highest effect on girls eating attitudes. Applied variables could explain 20%of eating attitudes.  Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        5 - The study of the relationship between social and cultural capital and the tendency to immigration from Khoy
        Mohammad Abbaspour Samad Sabagh
        Immigration has been considered as a form of geographical movementof the population, occurring among two geographical units. The movementmust necessarily lead to a change in the usual residence of the individualfrom the origin or his residence before immigration to dest More
        Immigration has been considered as a form of geographical movementof the population, occurring among two geographical units. The movementmust necessarily lead to a change in the usual residence of the individualfrom the origin or his residence before immigration to destination or newresidence. The present study aims to study the relationship betweencultural– social capital with the tendency to immigration from Khoy. Theresearch method is correlational and it is a practical study in purpose. Thestatistical population includes all citizens of khoy between 26 -64 yearsold. According to official statistics this city is divided to 2 areas (eacharea divided in 10 sub-areas), with the first area having a population of29486 families and the second area having a population of 27605families. Totally population includes 57091 families and 200958 people.The sample is 384 citizens (from the families) of khoy and the samplingmethod is incidental clustering. This study revealed that, there is apositive and significant relationship between the social relations andsocial cohesion and amount of tendency to immigration from Khoy.There is not a positive and significant relationship between the tendencyto use cultural goods and amount of tendency to immigration from Khoy.There is a negative and significant relationship between the consumptionof cultural commodities and tendency to immigration from Khoy. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        6 - Determining the relationship between lifestyle and body management among female students of Islamic Azad University of Bukan
        Mahmoud Elmi Samad Sabbagh Serweh Eftekhari
        In the last century, especially during the last half one, process of body management and selection of life style has been changed. In the present era, regular monitoring of the body is one of the basic tools in which human being with using a type of consumption and body More
        In the last century, especially during the last half one, process of body management and selection of life style has been changed. In the present era, regular monitoring of the body is one of the basic tools in which human being with using a type of consumption and body language in different occasions determine his own personal identity which behind this the concept of "self" is exposed to watching and evaluation. This study examined the relationship between dimensions of body management and lifestyle. Intheoretical section, using the scholars' opinions in the areas of the body and lifestyle management, a conceptual framework has been set. In order toreview thebody management with its basic components (i.e. makeup, health, weight control, medical manipulation) and also, to review the basic components of lifestyle (leisure activities, cultural consumption and norms and religious beliefs) nine hypotheses weretested. The research method is correlation and data using quantitative method were collected through a questionnaire. Using Cochran formula, among 351 female students of Islamic Azad University ofBukan 184 students wererandomly selected. The reliability of the questionnaire is 82%which isobtained by usingCronbach'salpha. In order to determine the correlation between variables, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were used. Because the significancy test of variables is less than 0/05 of the (0/05>sig), it can be concluded that the hypothesis was confirmed and there is correlation between these variables and body management. Religious variable (with explanatory power-22percent) has a negative relationship with the body management. Also, variables of leisure activities (47%), consumption norms (44%), cultural consumption (23 percent), and income (21 percent) can explain body management.  Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        7 - The relationship between quality of life and social participation of students of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz
        Parisa Gafarzadeh Khoyee Samad Sabagh
        The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between quality of life and social participation of students of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz that Used cross-sectional survey method. The population of this study is all students of Islamic More
        The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between quality of life and social participation of students of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz that Used cross-sectional survey method. The population of this study is all students of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz (31447) and using stratified sampling a sample of 323 students were selected as the sample size. In this study, standard questionnaires were used which their validity and reliability have been confirmed repeatedly. In this study, the target population has been tested through pre-test and validity. The results show that, there is a positive and significant relationship between quality of life and social participation. Also, there is a meaningful difference between the average participation of medical students with other faculties’ students.  Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        8 - The assessment of the social factors associated with social health of families in Tabriz
        Samad Sabbagh Narmineh Moinian Sara Sabbagh
        One of the key goals of health system in each country is to maintain and improve the health and quality of life for all people in the community. To do this, providing the appropriate facilities for meeting the physical, mental, social health needs of human life at all s More
        One of the key goals of health system in each country is to maintain and improve the health and quality of life for all people in the community. To do this, providing the appropriate facilities for meeting the physical, mental, social health needs of human life at all stages is considered as the basic rights. Health is not just a biological subject, but social factors are also involved in determining the health status of the people. Many factors contribute to this situation such as social confidence, leisure time, feeling of hopelessness, religious beliefs and socio-economic status of individuals. Method of study is Survey and technique for collecting data was standardized questionnaire.  Statistical Population includes Tabriz households who were 428,009. According to the formula for determining the sample size, 326 households were selected for Tabriz city. Sampling method was multi-stage cluster sampling method. The overall aim of this study was to determine the social factors associated with social health in Tabriz families. Results of this study show that there is a significant relationship between social health of Tabriz households and the mentioned variables.   Manuscript profile
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        9 - Studying the social factors related to social anomie feeling in Islamic Azad University of Tabriz
        Hassan Javadi Mahmood Elmi Samad Sabagh
        Anomy is abnormal and irregular condition that is a kind of social problem caused by transient era. The main question of this study is, "is there any significant relation between social factors and social anomy feeling among students of Azad University of Tabriz?" In th More
        Anomy is abnormal and irregular condition that is a kind of social problem caused by transient era. The main question of this study is, "is there any significant relation between social factors and social anomy feeling among students of Azad University of Tabriz?" In this study "anomy feeling" is dependent variable and is assessed by studying independent variables (participation, class, correlation, supervision and value break). In this study the views of Durkheim, Merton, and Parsons … are used and the research method is Survey and sample includes 385 students selected by relative separation. Pearson correlation coefficient, T test, and ANOVA test were used in hypothesis testing. Multifold regression was also used to specify anomy felling based on variables independent of multifold regression. The mean of anomy feeling is 55.61. In this study combined hypothesis of Durkheim and Merton, social correlation of Durkheim, Theory of Masner and Crohen, reverse relation between social correlation and anomy feeling, relation between social supervision and anomy feeling by theories of David Riesman, Watkinson and Robertson and reveres relation of social supervision and anatomy feeling, and lowering of anomy feeling by accepting values of Parsons society were certified.   Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        10 - Analytical study of civic ethics in modern world (With an emphasis on critical and postmodern sociologists’ ideas).
        Samad Sabagh Firouz Rad Mitra Rahnamayan
        This article is an analytical study of civic ethics in the modern world with an emphasis on Frankfort school and postmodern sociologists’ ideas. In order to achieve the vision of these thinkers, some works of them were referenced as: Adorno, Horkheimer, Markus, Ha More
        This article is an analytical study of civic ethics in the modern world with an emphasis on Frankfort school and postmodern sociologists’ ideas. In order to achieve the vision of these thinkers, some works of them were referenced as: Adorno, Horkheimer, Markus, Habermas, Baudrillard, Leotard, and Derrida. This qualitative research which is based on an interpretive-comprehensive approach studies these ideas interpretatively and critically.The results show that, there are similarities and differences in the sociologists’ ideas. Based on the consensus of scholars, it is possible to trace the general picture of the state of civic ethics in modern world. This picture implies the existence of problems and crises in human social life in modern societies.  Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        11 - The comparison of employed and unemployed women's marital adjustment in Mahabad and related factors of it
        Nemattollah Taghavi Samad Sabbagh Hesam Nasiri
        The purpose of this study is to compare the marital adjustment of employed and unemployed women and related factors of it in Mahabad .The method of the study is survey. The population of this research is all employed and unemployed married women aged 15 to 64 years old More
        The purpose of this study is to compare the marital adjustment of employed and unemployed women and related factors of it in Mahabad .The method of the study is survey. The population of this research is all employed and unemployed married women aged 15 to 64 years old in city of Mahabad in 91-92 who are 46625 people. The Sample size using Cochran formula was 380 people and the samples were selected by multi-cluster sampling technique to systematic random sampling. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire by Khodayarifard which its reliability coefficient estimated as 0/96using cronbach Alpha. In order to analyze data from two independent groups t-test was used. The main research hypothesis was confirmed with the amount of error of %5 and % 95 significancy levels. The results indicate that employed women's marital adjustment is more than unemployed women.     Manuscript profile
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        12 - The relationship between fatalism and the use of media among Uremia citizens
        Farhad Majdi Fard Samad Sabagh
        The main goal of this study is to determine the relationship between fatalism and the use of communicational media among Uremia citizens. In this researchfatalismis dependent variable based on Parsons Theory and communicational media is independent variable based on Rel More
        The main goal of this study is to determine the relationship between fatalism and the use of communicational media among Uremia citizens. In this researchfatalismis dependent variable based on Parsons Theory and communicational media is independent variable based on Reliance, Use and Satisfaction theory respectively. The sample of the research is 384 Uremia citizens which are determined by stratified sampling. In order to gather the required dataa self-designed questionnaire was used and to obtain the reliability of the research alpha Cronbach was used. The results show that, there is a significant relationship between fatalism and participants’ use of TV, magazines, radio and Internet. On the other hand,there is not a significant relationship between fatalism and participants’ use of TV, book and newspaper. Also, the analysis of the results of One-Way An ova has shown that, there is a significant relationship between participants’ gender and their level of literacy and fatalism. In the same veinparticipants’ type of job has no significant relationship with their fatalism. Moreover,communicational media can predict 8.7 percent of participants’ fatalism.                                                                                                                            Manuscript profile
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        13 - Sociological examination of “women without men” novel (Shahrnosh Parsi poor)
        Jamshid Yadollahi Ahangar Samad Sabagh
        Literary Sociology of literature is one of the new methods. This research is sociological examination of a novel titled “women without men” written by ShahrnoshParsi poor. In this study, it is tried to r More
        Literary Sociology of literature is one of the new methods. This research is sociological examination of a novel titled “women without men” written by ShahrnoshParsi poor. In this study, it is tried to reevaluate the novel using Goldman genetic structuralism Method and Haber MAS communicative action theory.The aimof  thesis  is assessment  of  this  novel by  considering on (or by regarding  to) Iran’s historical ، political and  sociological structure   during 1330. This novel is investigated in 15 chapters and 5 female characters and applied symbols in the text. In this research a mutual connection between aesthetic and objective structure of society Ingestion. Also it isfound that, different chapters ofnovel istried to confuse feminist   ideas and also writers attitude is rooted in feminist thoughts.The writer follows evolution of women’s role and attitudes and she believe that the only way of achieving a feminine identity is participating(taking) in social activities and performing different roles as the same as men. Manuscript profile
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        14 - The Study of Global, National, Ethnic and Religious Identity Dimensions of High-school Students and their Related Factors.
        Samad Sabbagh Samad Sabbagh
        The main aim of the present study is to examine the global, national, ethnic and religions identity dimensions of high-school students and their related factors, so the main question is ''which of the identities (Global, national, ethnic, or religions) does the student More
        The main aim of the present study is to examine the global, national, ethnic and religions identity dimensions of high-school students and their related factors, so the main question is ''which of the identities (Global, national, ethnic, or religions) does the student initially introduce himself with and feel committed to? And what factors are related to that identity?" The independent research variables are: relations network range, level of awareness, self-concept, reference group, team work, satisfaction with life, feeling of discrimination and injustice, the students, economic-social status and gender. The relationship of these factors with the identity dimensions or the dominant identity as the dependent variable has been measured. The research is a survey, and the statistical population includes all the high-school grade two boy and girl students of Tabriz. The sample size, 385, was obtained using Cochran's formula and stratified sampling technique. The research device was a researcher-made questionnaire, the validity of which was measured by face validity and structural validity, and the reliability was confirmed by cronbach, s Alpha. The data were analyzed using Spss software, version 17, and one-way ANOVA test, LSD test, X2 test. In order to determine the intensity of the relation between the variables, Cramer's V test and Q coefficient test were used. The results indicate that the dominant identity among the students is the religious identity, and the national, global and ethnic identities fall behind, respectively. Among the variables under study relations network range, reference group, team work, satisfaction with life, feeling of discrimination and gender showed a significant relationship with the dependent variable. However, the two other variables (economical-social status and self-concept didn't show any relationship with identity dimensions. The theoretical findings of the present study confirm the view concerning the interaction at the level of intellect and the views of sociologists such as at a medium level. Manuscript profile
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        15 - Effective social factors on the orientation of the students of the Islamic Azad University of Bilesavar to television programs of Azerbaijan.
        Nematolahe Taghavi Samad Sabagh Lotfollahe Babai
        The purpose of the present study is to examine the effective factors on the orientation of the students of the Islamic Azad University of Bilesavar to television programs of Azerbaijan Republic.The theoretical framework of the study is based on the sociological theories More
        The purpose of the present study is to examine the effective factors on the orientation of the students of the Islamic Azad University of Bilesavar to television programs of Azerbaijan Republic.The theoretical framework of the study is based on the sociological theories of communication. The research method is survey and 201 students were selected as participants using stratified sampling. The contrived questionaire was designed as a research instrument which its validity was estimated as 78 percent. The results show that there is a meaningful relation between variables such as gender, rate of religious practice, stdents' satisfaction of television programs' of Azerbaijan, students' confidense to hommade programms, social identification, rate of social capital and satisfaction of urbane servises  with the orientation to television programs of azerbaijan Manuscript profile
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        16 - The study of social factors associated with the students’ quality of life in Islamic Azad University of Tabriz
        Zahra Mahammadi Gojani Samad Sabagh
        The purpose of this study is social factors associated with quality of life of students of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz. The survey method was conducted. The study consisted of all students (31447) among whom the sample size of 323 students were selected using Coch More
        The purpose of this study is social factors associated with quality of life of students of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz. The survey method was conducted. The study consisted of all students (31447) among whom the sample size of 323 students were selected using Cochran formula. Standard questionnaires were used for quality of life and social participation, and a researcher-made questionnaire was used for social security that their validity and reliability were confirmed. According to the results obtained in research there is a meaningful relationship between the sense of social security, social participation and quality of life. Also, there is a significant difference between quality of life by gender and faculty. But there was no significant difference between the quality of life and level of education. Manuscript profile
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        17 - Examining the social factors associated with social commitment Case study of Tabriz Islamic Azad university students in 89-90.
        Samad Sabagh Sahar Ghiyasi
        This research tries to answer this question that what kind of factors mayinfluence the social commitment among students? Accordingly, hypothesesfrom theoretical views of functionalism and interactionism of Koshman,Bloomberg, Becker, Parsens, Mathew, and Ziac, and also t More
        This research tries to answer this question that what kind of factors mayinfluence the social commitment among students? Accordingly, hypothesesfrom theoretical views of functionalism and interactionism of Koshman,Bloomberg, Becker, Parsens, Mathew, and Ziac, and also the previous studiesand researches have been extracted to describe social commitment. Theresearch method is the survey, and data were collected by questionnaire. Thedocumentary method is also used for collecting of theoretical texts andexperimental history. The statistical society in this research is all students ofIslamic Azad University of Tabriz who are totally 27037 students from whom 400students were selected as statistical sample using Kokran formula and varianceobtained from pre- test questionnaire. The sampling in the first step wasrandomly classified by which the samples were divided into faculty and genderof respondents among different faculties of university. Then simple randommethod was used to determine the sample among students of faculties ofuniversity. Pearson correlation coefficient, mean difference test (t-test) and one– side variance analysis test used were used for hypotheses testing, and todetermine social factors related to the rate of social commitment, the multipleregression analysis was used. The result obtained from hypotheses testingshows that there is a significant relationship between social satisfaction,gender, age and type of faculty as independent variables, and socialcommitment as dependent variable of the research Manuscript profile
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        18 - Examination of the relationship between friendly companionship and social responsibility(Tabriz municipal employees)
        Karim Godrati Samad Sabagh
        The aim of present study is to examine friendly companionship andTabriz municipal employees’ social responsibility.This is a survey study and the population of it is Tabriz municipal employees. The instrument used in the study is a questionnaire that was set on fi More
        The aim of present study is to examine friendly companionship andTabriz municipal employees’ social responsibility.This is a survey study and the population of it is Tabriz municipal employees. The instrument used in the study is a questionnaire that was set on five point Likert scale.  Based on Cochran formula the sample of the study was 249 which was selected using stratified random and simple random sampling methods. Descriptive analysis is used to show the results and in order to test the hypothesis the Pearson correlation is used. According to results, the average of social responsibility is 135 which are above the expected average (105) thatshows the municipal employees havemore responsibility. Also, there is a meaningful relationshipbetweenTabriz municipal employees’ social responsibility and friendly companionship. Manuscript profile
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        19 - Examining the non-native teachers’ problems in Tykmehdash and the effects of those problems on the quality of teaching
        Hussein Muhammadzadeh Kamali Samad Sabagh
        This study investigated the problems of non-native teachers of Tykmehdash and the effects of those problems on the quality of teaching and also to seek out ways to improve the quality of teaching. Statistical community is made ​​up of all teachers in this area among who More
        This study investigated the problems of non-native teachers of Tykmehdash and the effects of those problems on the quality of teaching and also to seek out ways to improve the quality of teaching. Statistical community is made ​​up of all teachers in this area among whom 125 teachers were chosen as the sample of the study (according to Cochran formula) using stratified sampling method. The study is descriptive and correlational and the measurement tool is a ​​questionnaire that its validity and reliability measured through content validity and Cronbach's alpha respectively. The results showed that, the overall quality of teaching of native and non-native teachers is moderate. Also, there is a meaningful relationship between the quality of teaching and teachers' job satisfaction and collective values. A reverse correlation was found between social alienation and years of teaching. To measure the teaching quality in terms of gender, education and transportation resources in native and non-native teachers, two-way analysis of variance was used. The results indicated that, the opposite effect of gender and two types of teachers is significant, but the opposite effect of teachers’ certificates and transportation facilities and two types of teachers is not significant. Manuscript profile
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        20 - Evaluation of public awareness of AIDS in Germi (Moghan) and its relation with socioeconomic factors
        Noureddin Hosseinpoor Samad Sabbagh
            This study was a cross-sectional study to determine the level of awareness of people in Germi (Mugan) about AIDS. In this study, using Cochran formula a sample size of 378 subjects was selected by stratified sampling method. Data were gathered by a q More
            This study was a cross-sectional study to determine the level of awareness of people in Germi (Mugan) about AIDS. In this study, using Cochran formula a sample size of 378 subjects was selected by stratified sampling method. Data were gathered by a questionnaire and were analyzed using SPSS version 20 based on statistical methods in accordance with the hypotheses, including the Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test and F-test and multiple regression. Research findings suggest that there is a direct relationship between social capital, age, and the awareness of AIDS. There is an inverse and significant relationship between religiosity and awareness of HIV and finally there is direct and significant relationship between sex, marital status and economic status of people with AIDS awareness. The results showed that 25.9% of awareness of AIDS is in high level, 61.9% moderate, and 12.2% is in low level. The highest level of awareness is about the transmission of AIDS with 56.6% and lowest about the signs and symptoms of AIDS with 7.1%. Manuscript profile