Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology: 4 (45)

Open Access Article

1 - The Effect of Relaxation and Gradual Stress Removal Accompanied by Biofeedback on the Anxiety of the Students
علیرضا حیدرئی سارا ساعدی

The Purpose of this study was determining the effect of relaxation and gradual stress removal accompanied by biofeedback on the anxiety of students. The research method was three groups of pretest – posttest experimental design and the statistical population was the A More

The Purpose of this study was determining the effect of relaxation and gradual stress removal accompanied by biofeedback on the anxiety of students. The research method was three groups of pretest – posttest experimental design and the statistical population was the Ahvaz university students with high anxiety, among whom 60 persons were selected via random sampling and then randomly assigned into three groups of 20 persons (two groups of experimental, included relaxation and gradual stress removal with biofeedback groups) and control group. The measurement instrument was Cattlle Anxiety Questionnaire (Cattlle, 1958) and GSR Biofeedback (Khodadadi, 1373). Data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. Results showed that there are significant differences between experimental and control groups concerning anxiety reduction (P < 0.001). Also results revealed that there is no significant difference between relaxation and gradual stress removal with biofeedback on anxiety. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - The Role of Forgiveness and Psychological Hardiness in Prediction of Hope
Adel Zahed babelan Abdollah Ghasempour Shahnaz Hasanzade

The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between forgiveness and hardiness with students hope. In this descriptive- correlational study, a total of 120 (Male=60, Female= 60) undergraduate students from 6400 students of the University of Mohaghegh Ard More

The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between forgiveness and hardiness with students hope. In this descriptive- correlational study, a total of 120 (Male=60, Female= 60) undergraduate students from 6400 students of the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili were selected using multistage cluster sampling they participated in the study on the basis of their completion of Schnieder's hope scale (α=0.79), Ahvaz's hardiness scale (α=0.77), and Walker's forgiveness scale (α=0.71). The data collected from the sample were put into SPSS and were analysed using statistical methods, correlation and multipleregression. Results revealed that hope positively correlated with hardiness (r=0.51) and with forgiveness (r=0.53) and hardiness positively correlated with forgiveness (r=0.46). Also, hardiness and forgiveness predicted the changes related to the hope positively and significantly (P < 0.001, R2=0.37). The findings indicated that both forgiveness and hardiness have more important roles on the hope of the students. So Forgivenes s and hardiness can contribute to the prediction of hope on the part of the students. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The Study of the Factorial Structure and Psychometric Properties of the Auckland Individualism-Collectivism Scale
abbas shakiba fateme bahrami zabihollah kave farsani

The objective of this study was to obtain a factorial structure for the Auckland Individualism- Collectivism Scale (AICS), among Iranian students. A correlation method was employed with a sample of graduate students. Participants were 274 graduate students of Isfahanu More

The objective of this study was to obtain a factorial structure for the Auckland Individualism- Collectivism Scale (AICS), among Iranian students. A correlation method was employed with a sample of graduate students. Participants were 274 graduate students of Isfahanuniversity, who were selected through convenience sampling. They answered the 26-item version of the AICS. Data was analyzed through explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis and the Cronbach alpha of internal consistency. The explanatory factor analysis of 26 items yielded 5 clear factors and the examination of the 5 factor model by confirmatory factor analysis showed the best fit with the data, the Cronbach alpha as 0.81-0.93 of AICS factors was estimated and it was acceptable. The Auckland Individualism- Collectivism Scale could be used as a valid and reliable instrument in later Iranian psychological & psycho-sociological research . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Comparing Irrational Beliefs in Patients with Crystal Abuse Disorder and Ordinary People
maryam ghorbani hamid kazemi zahrani Tahere ghorbani

The purpose of this study was to comparing irrational beliefs in patients with crystal abuse disorder and ordinary people. So firstly, 36 subjects were selected from Isfahan psycho neurology clients by access sampling method. Control group consisted of 36 students and More

The purpose of this study was to comparing irrational beliefs in patients with crystal abuse disorder and ordinary people. So firstly, 36 subjects were selected from Isfahan psycho neurology clients by access sampling method. Control group consisted of 36 students and e mployee of Isfahan Payam Noor University that were selected by simple random method and matching criteria of age, gender and educational level. After selecting subjects, Jones irrational thought test was performed on them. The results were analyzed by ttest for independent groups, it was specified that the group misusing crystal has more irrational beliefs than control group. Also scores of sick group relative to control group is higher in subtests with anxiety about future (AO), avoiding from problems (PA), dependence (D), and disability relative to change (HC) (P < 0.05) . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Comparison of Perceived Organizational Justice and Workplace Violence Emergence on the Basis of Demographic Characteristics
علی مهداد یاسمین طباخ عشقی ایران مهدیزادگان

The purpose of this research was to compare perceived organizational justice and workplace violence emergence on the basis of demographic variables. The research method was ex post facto and statistical population consisted of men employees of an industry, among whom More

The purpose of this research was to compare perceived organizational justice and workplace violence emergence on the basis of demographic variables. The research method was ex post facto and statistical population consisted of men employees of an industry, among whom 289 persons were selected via random sampling. Research instruments consisted of organizational justice questionnaire (Golparvar et al, 2008) and a researcher-made questionnaire. Data was analyzed with the use of independent sample t-test. Results showed that there is a significant difference between single and married employees at the level of procedural justice (P 0.05) Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - The Determination of the Share of Self-differentiation, Trust, Shame,and Guilt in the Prediction of Marital Adjustment
Salman zarei kiumars farahbakhsh masomeh esmaeili

The aim of this study was to determine the share of self-differentiation, trust, shame, and guilt in the prediction of marital adjustment. The research method was correlational-survey and a total of 150 married women, who were teachers in Noorabad were selected via si More

The aim of this study was to determine the share of self-differentiation, trust, shame, and guilt in the prediction of marital adjustment. The research method was correlational-survey and a total of 150 married women, who were teachers in Noorabad were selected via simple accidental sampling method. Data was collected by Differentiation of Self Inventory (DSI), Test of Self Conscious Affect (TOSCA-2), Trust Scale (TS), and Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) then data was analyzed via correlation, SD, frequency, mode and stepwise regression analysis. Results showed that marital adjustment has a significant relationship with self differentiation, trust and guilt (P < 0.01). Also the results showed that there is not a significant relationship between guilt and marital adjustment (P < 0.01). Results of stepwise regression analysis showed that the combination of self differentiation, trust and shame was significantly predictive of the variance of marital adjustment and predicted 35 percent of variance of marital adjustment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - The Comparison Theory of Mind Dimension in Autism Children and Normal Children Isfahan City
tahere heidari arezoo sfahmive shalar framarzi

The purpose of this study was the comparison of mind Dimensions theory in children with/ without Autism Disorders in Isfahan city. The research method was causal- Comparative. The subjects were boys(age 5-10 years) with Autism Disorders, from whom 15 children with Aut More

The purpose of this study was the comparison of mind Dimensions theory in children with/ without Autism Disorders in Isfahan city. The research method was causal- Comparative. The subjects were boys(age 5-10 years) with Autism Disorders, from whom 15 children with Autism Disorders who had suitable oral ability were selected, and 15 Normal Children who were ethnographically in harmony were chosen as the control group. Theory of mind Scale of Morris and colleagues (1999) was used to gather the data. After gathering the data the statistical analysis of variance was applied and the following results were revealed: The difference between the performance of children with Autism Disorders in theory of mind test scales was significant (P < 0.001). It shows that children with Autism Disorders were lower than the normal children in theory of mind test scores and other levels. Thus, children with Autism Disorders must receive different attention and interpretation compared with typical children. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - The Investigation of Motor- free Visual Perception Skills in Educable Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder in Tehran
mona siminghalam alibakhshi hussain

The aim of this research was to study visual perceptual skills in the children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). The method of this study was casual-descriptive, and the statistical population involved all mentally retarded children in Tehran in 2010. Si More

The aim of this research was to study visual perceptual skills in the children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). The method of this study was casual-descriptive, and the statistical population involved all mentally retarded children in Tehran in 2010. Sixty educable children aged 9 to 13 including 30 children with DCD (15 boys and 15 girls) and 30 children without DCD (15 boys and 15 girls) were selected by sampling method. The data gathering was done by Test of Visual Perceptual Skills revised (TVPS-R) and the data were Analyzed by independent t-test and Univariate Analyze of variance. Results indicated significant differences across means of visual perceptual subtests scores between DCD and non-DCD children P(V) Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Prediction of Internet Addiction,Based on Emotional Intelligence Among Isfahan University Students
nasim jafari maryam fatehizade

The aim of this research was to investigate the predictive role of emotional intelligence in internet addiction among Isfahan university students. This is a multiple correlation research. The statistical population included students of Isfahan university of Iran. The More

The aim of this research was to investigate the predictive role of emotional intelligence in internet addiction among Isfahan university students. This is a multiple correlation research. The statistical population included students of Isfahan university of Iran. The randomly selected training samples included 71 students (36 girls and 35 boys). Assessment instrument consisted of Internet Addiction Test Young (1998) and Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire Petrides and Furnham (2001). The gathered data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics and regression methods. The results showed that there were correlations (r=-0.54) between internet addiction and emotional intelligence (P < 0.001) and emotional intelligence can predict 29% of internet addiction (P < 0.001) . Manuscript profile

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