Introduction: The study focused on examining the role of the spatial layout of hospital rooms on improving patients' outcomes with an interdisciplinary approach based on data science.
Methods: The present research was mixed-method and done through coding in the Python programming environment. The research data included demographic characteristics, patients' history, and environmental characteristics collected through the health information system of the hospital (HIS) and field observation. This was a cross-sectional done in 2019 with a sample volume of 330 patients in the Omid hospital. Data correlation was measured by drawing a Heat map and chi-square test with a significant level of (α <0.05). The data clustering was done using the Cluster map.
Results: According to the Chi-squared test results, two environmental characteristics including the number of beds and the view of windows were correlated with the length of hospital stay (LOS). According to the Heat map, the rooms' distance from the nursing station and the ward entrance with the correlation values of 0.69 and 0.76, respectively, compared with the size of the rooms with a correlation value of 0.5 was more correlated to the LOS. The effect of the room length compared to width was greater with 0.52 and 0.48 values, respectively. Either right or left-handedness of the rooms and the beds' distance of the window, did not correlate significantly with LOS.
Conclusion: The results confirmed the effect of rooms' spatial layout on patients' recovery. This research was a step in the development of evidence-based design (EBD).
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