List of Articles
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Open Access Article
1 - Comparison of Morphometric and Histological Parameters of Spleen in Balb/c and C57BL/6 Strains of Mice Raised in the Same Conditions
Morteza Abbaspour Samad Farashi BonabSpleen is the largest lymphatic organ of the body and plays a role in blood purification, storage of red blood cells, removal of damaged old red blood cells and creation of specific immune responses. Some studies have shown that the spleen tissue has differences in some MoreSpleen is the largest lymphatic organ of the body and plays a role in blood purification, storage of red blood cells, removal of damaged old red blood cells and creation of specific immune responses. Some studies have shown that the spleen tissue has differences in some species. Since Balb/c and C57BL/6 bi-strain mice are chosen as the first choice in many biological researches, it is necessary to carefully evaluate the anatomical, histological and genetic differences between them in order to develop study models be chosen correctly. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the morphometric and histological characteristics of spleen tissue in Balb/c and C57BL/6 mice. 10 Balb/c female mice and 10 C57BL/6 female mice were bred in the animal house under the same conditions. Then the spleen of mice was examined in terms of morphometric and histological characteristics. The data obtained from two groups were analyzed with t-set method and p < 0.05 was considered significant. The results showed that the shape and color of the spleen in mice do not differ significantly. The average spleen weight in Balb/c mice was slightly higher than that of C57BL/6 mice, which was not statistically significant. In the slides prepared from the spleen tissue of Balb/c and C57BL/6 mice, no visible difference was detected between the mice's spleen in terms of histology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Radiological and Histoanatomy Study of Cardiac Arteries in Mature German Shepherd Dogs
Saman Ahani Siamak AlizadehThe aim of this study was to investigate the cardiac arteries in mature German Shepherd dogs, so that its findings can be used as a source for comparison between different breeds of dogs, as well as in the interpretation of results and clinical decisions. Since most of MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the cardiac arteries in mature German Shepherd dogs, so that its findings can be used as a source for comparison between different breeds of dogs, as well as in the interpretation of results and clinical decisions. Since most of the surgical exercises by cardiac surgery residents in medical schools are done on the coronary arteries of animals especially dogs, the results of this research can be useful for this group as well. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 8 adult German Shepherd dogs (4 males and 4 females) with an average age of 2.4 years and an average weight of 30.56 kg were used. For radiology studies, barium sulfate contrast material was administered into the arteries of the heart, then radiography was performed. For histological studies, tissue samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and examined. The results show that the left coronary artery is located between the pulmonary artery and the left auricle of the heart and is divided into two left rotating arteries and the paraconal interventricular artery. In one of the samples, exceptionally, the beginning of the left coronary artery was bipartite, and the left rotating artery and the paraconal interventricular artery had separate origins. The right coronary artery originates from the left sinus of the aortic bulb and was placed between the pulmonary artery and the right auricle. The results of the radiology examinations were completely consistent with the anatomical findings and confirmed the things stated in the anatomical results. According to the histological findings, the sinus node had a central artery that branched from the right coronary artery. The atrioventricular node had no central artery. The detailed results obtained in this study can be used in the discussion of the comparative anatomy of the heart vessels of dogs, the interpretation of the results and the clinical evaluations of the heart diseases of German Shepherd dogs, and also be useful for veterinary and medical surgery residents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The Effect of Cardiac Preconditioning With Intense Intermittent Exercise on Tissue Levels of Hsp70 and SOD Enzyme Following Acute Myocardial Infarction in Male Rats
abdollah bagheri Ahmad Hematfar mehdi Ruzbehani naser behpoorSports training is considered as a tool to increase the protective power of the heart against stress.The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of pre-training with intense intermittent exercise on myocardial Hsp70 and SOD following acute myocardial infarction i MoreSports training is considered as a tool to increase the protective power of the heart against stress.The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of pre-training with intense intermittent exercise on myocardial Hsp70 and SOD following acute myocardial infarction in male rats. 20 8-week-old male Wistar rats (with an average weight of 224.41±5.1 grams) were divided into 4 groups: control, exercise, stroke, and stroke-exercise. The training groups did two weeks of intense interval training in four sections. The first part, three days of training every day, two sessions, each day, and each session includes 4 intense intervals of two minutes at a speed of 35 to 40 meters per minute, and between each interval, a 2 minute active rest period at a speed of 25 to 30 meters per minute. Considered in the second part, two days of training, each day consisted of two training sessions containing 4 periods of intense activity of 2 minutes (40 to 45 m/min) and 3 periods of active rest of 2 minutes (28 to 32 m/min). The third part also included 5 intense periods (40 to 45 m/min) and 4 active rest periods (28 to 32 m/min) in three training days. The fourth part included two training days with the same intensity as the third part, but with an increase in activity and active rest in each session. Finally, Hsp70 and SOD were measured along with the amount of infarcted area. Heart damage enzymes (CK and LDH) were also measured in serum. The one-way analysis of variance test showed that two weeks of intense intermittent exercise, although it reduces the infarcted area of the heart of rats, but there were significant changes in Hsp70 and SOD after acute myocardial infarction between the stroke-exercise and stroke groups. Does not cause, while the measured heart damage enzymes (CK and LDH) showed a significant decrease in the stroke-exercise group compared to the stroke group. Therefore, two weeks of HIIT training can protect the heart from acute ischemia-induced damage through signaling pathways. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Therapeutic Effect of Sitagliptin and Berberine Interaction on Fatty Liver and Hepatic GLUT4 Gene Expression in Diabetic Male Rats
Soraya Mehrdoost Parichehreh Yaghmaei Hanieh Jafari Azadeh Ebrahim-HabibiFatty liver disease causes accumulation of excess fat in liver cells. Berberine has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and Sitagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor that increases the function of incretin hormones. In this study biological activities of Berberine and MoreFatty liver disease causes accumulation of excess fat in liver cells. Berberine has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and Sitagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor that increases the function of incretin hormones. In this study biological activities of Berberine and Sitagliptin for the treatment of fatty liver in diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats were investigated. The therapeutic effects of Sitagliptin and Berberine on fatty liver in diabetic rats by Alloxan injection with a single dose of 100 mg/kg were done with the following groups. Groups include 1: control (physiology serum as Alloxan solvent); 2: model (fatty liver + Alloxan); 3: Sitagliptin (fatty liver + Alloxan and Sitagliptin 10 mg/kg); 4: Berberine (fatty liver + Alloxan and Berberine 150mg/kg); 5: Berberine/Sitagliptin (fatty liver + Alloxan and Sitagliptin 5 mg/kg and Berberine 75 mg/kg). After the treatment, the liver tissue separated and weighed. Levels of Liver triglyceride, cholesterol and GLUT4 gene expression in liver tissue measured by real-time PCR method. The level of GLUT4 gene expression levels increased in the treatment groups compared to the model group, but a significant difference was seen only in the co-administration group with the model group (p < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in the amount of liver cholesterol in the treatment groups compared to the model group (p < 0.01). Hepatic triglyceride decreased in the treatment groups, but only in the co-administration group, a significant difference was seen with the model group (p < 0.05). Berberine and Sitagliptin, especially when prescribed together with the increased expression of GLUT4 and the reduction of liver cholesterol and triglycerides, have a favorable effect on lipid metabolism and can be considered as an effective treatment for hyperlipidemia and fatty liver. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The Effectiveness of 8 Weeks of Aerobic Training on CT and TT Genotypes of rs2070744 Polymorphism of NOS3 Gene and Changes in Aerobic Performance of Untrained Women
hadis rahimi mania roozbayani abbas saremiThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic training on the CT and TT genotypes of the rs2070744 polymorphism of the NOS3 gene and the changes in aerobic performance of untrained women. For this purpose, 29 inactive wom MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic training on the CT and TT genotypes of the rs2070744 polymorphism of the NOS3 gene and the changes in aerobic performance of untrained women. For this purpose, 29 inactive women aged 30 to 45 were randomly selected from volunteer women in Shahriar city. The subjects did 8 weeks of aerobic training with a frequency of 5 sessions per week and each session lasting 30 minutes with an intensity of 55 to 75% of the reserve heart rate, so that in the first two weeks with 55 to 65% of the maximum heart rate, in two weeks Second, they trained with 60 to 65% of the maximum heart rate and the last 4 weeks with 65 to 75% of the maximum heart rate. 10 minutes for warming up and 10 minutes for cooling down were considered in each training session. Bruce's 7-step test was used to determine VO2max before and after training.Then, among the subjects who were able to perform the desired test based on the researcher's expectation, saliva sampling was done for DNA sequencing to determine the genotypes. The RFLP method was used to determine the genotype. The results of the data analysis were analyzed using the dependent t-test and the results showed that the VO2max level in women with CT genotype was not significant before and after the exercise intervention (p = 0.015), the amount of VO2max in women who had the TT genotype was not significant before and after the exercise intervention (p = 0.110). In this research, it was shown that the significant improvement of Vo2max did not depend on their genotypic differences, and no significant relationship was observed between the CT and TT genotypes of the rs2070744 polymorphism of the NOS3 gene and the changes in aerobic performance of obese untrained women after 8 weeks of aerobic training. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The Efect of Adding Prebiotic, Synbiotic and Phytobiotic Supplements in the Diet on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Apparent Digestibility of Nutrients and Some Blood Parameters of Fattening Zell Lambs
Mehdi Saravani Mohsen Hajipour Kaveh Jafari Khorshidi Seyed Makan Mousavi Kashani Parvin ShawrangIn this study, the effect of adding prebiotic, synbiotic and phytobiotic supplements in the diet on growth performance, carcass traits, apparent digestibility of nutrients and some blood parameters of fattening Zell lambs was investigated. For this purpose, 24 Zell male MoreIn this study, the effect of adding prebiotic, synbiotic and phytobiotic supplements in the diet on growth performance, carcass traits, apparent digestibility of nutrients and some blood parameters of fattening Zell lambs was investigated. For this purpose, 24 Zell male lambs with an avrage age of about 5 months and an avrage weight of 25.4±0.50 were used for 90 days. The experimental treatments included 1- control group (no supplement), 2- treatment containing 2 g of A-Max prebiotic supplement, 3- treatment containing 4 g of Biomin IMBO synbiotic supplement, and 4- treatment containing 6 g of Bioherbal phytobiotic supplement per head of lamb per day. The growth performance results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental treatments in the fattening weight, dry matter intake, daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). The highest weight at the end of the fattening period, dry matter intake and daily weight gain were observed in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement. The treatment with 6 g of phytobiotic supplement had the lowest feed conversion ratio. The highest apparent digestibility of dry matter, NDF and ADF was observed in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement (p < 0.05). The results of some blood serum parameters showed that there was a significant difference in the concentration of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride and blood urea nitrogen between the experimental treatments (p < 0.05). The highest concentration of glucose was in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement, the lowest concentration of cholesterol was in the treatment of 6 g of phytobiotic supplement. Blood urea nitrogen had the lowest concentration in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement. The treatment with 4 g of synbiotic supplement had the highest hot carcass weight, hot carcass percentage, cold carcass weight, cold carcass percentage, thigh percentage and shoulder percentage (p < 0.05). The present research showed that the addition of 4 g of synbiotic supplement in the diet improved the growth performance, valuable parts of the carcass and the apparent digestibility of nutrients in fattening lambs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Comparing the Effect of Galbanic Acid and Chitosan Gel on Pro-Inflammatory Factors in Intra-Abdominal Adhesions after Laparotomy in Rats
Firoozeh Saghaei melika montazeri Mahsa RezvanAbdominal adhesions are a common complication after laparotomy (abdominal surgery) that can cause intestinal obstruction, pelvic pain and infertility. Since inflammation plays an effective role in induction of intra-abdominal adhesions and galbanic acid has anti-inflamm MoreAbdominal adhesions are a common complication after laparotomy (abdominal surgery) that can cause intestinal obstruction, pelvic pain and infertility. Since inflammation plays an effective role in induction of intra-abdominal adhesions and galbanic acid has anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects, in the present research, its effect on inhibiting of pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-1β, in abdominal adhesions after laparotomy was investigated. For this purpose, after anesthetizing and opening the abdomen, adhesion was induced in male wistar rats and, adhesion was induced in male wistar rats, and in one group, 2 cc of chitosan gel was injected in the adhesion induction site and the abdomen was closed, and in one group, galbanic acid (10mg/ kg) was injected intraperitoneally for 7 days. At the end of 7 days, the abdomen was opened again and the abdominal adhesion was observed and a sample was taken from the adhesion sites. RT-PCR method was used to determine the gene expression of pre-inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β. The results of the study showed that intra-peritoneal injection of galbanic acid like chitosan gel effectively reduced the incidence of intra-abdominal adhesions after laparotomy. This effect was accompanied by a decrease in TNF-α and IL-1β gene expression in both groups, which indicates the anti-inflammatory effect of these two natural substances. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The Study of Native Fish of Mesopotamichthys Sharpeyi and Barbus Grypus in Khuzestan Province Warm Water Fish Farms with the Perspective of Contamination by Heavy Metals and Risk Evaluation for Consumers
Muhammad hamzehpour Reza Salighehzadeh Behnam Pedram Marjan MosaferHeavy metals, due to their indestructible nature, pose a serious threat to the health of aquatic animals as well as humans if a high concentration of them accumulates in the tissues of aquatic organisms. For this purpose, the present study was done with the aim of inves MoreHeavy metals, due to their indestructible nature, pose a serious threat to the health of aquatic animals as well as humans if a high concentration of them accumulates in the tissues of aquatic organisms. For this purpose, the present study was done with the aim of investigating native Bunni and Shabout fishes in tropical fish breeding farms of Khuzestan province with the perspective of contamination by heavy metals and risk assessment for consumers. In present study, the concentration level of thirteen heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, mercury, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, tin and zinc), in the muscle tissue of (Mesopotamichthyssharpeyi) and (Barbus gryous) was measured. The results of this study showed that there were no significant difference between the concentration of heavy metals measured in Bunni and Shabout fishes. The findings of the research indicated that iron and arsenic had the highest and lowest concentrations in the muscle tissue of Bunni and Shabout fishes, respectively. Comparison of measured heavy metals with international health standards showed that the concentration of all metals except lead were significantly lower than the permissible limit (p < 0.05). The concentration of lead was significantly higher than the permissible limit (p < 0.05). The assessment of health risk showed that daily and continuous consumption of these products by consumers is completely safe, except for cadmium and lead and there is no risk for them. The average concentration of all measured metals except lead were lower than international standards. The estimation of daily intake of all measured heavy metals except cadmium and lead were less than global standards. The estimation of daily intake in all metals except cadmium and lead showed that the consumption of Shabout and Bunni fish currently does not pose a risk to human health, however, in order to prevent possible contamination in the future, management should pay more attention to these pollutants and their possible sources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Rearing of Predatory Mite, Neoseiulus barkeri (Acari: Phytoseiidae) with Different Alternative Prey
maryam Rezaie fariba AedeshirThe predatory mite (Acari: Phytoseiidae) Neoseiulus barkeri is one of the native predators of. In order to investigate the semi-mass breeding methods of the predatory mite, different diets including different biological stages of three storage mite species Tyrophagus pu MoreThe predatory mite (Acari: Phytoseiidae) Neoseiulus barkeri is one of the native predators of. In order to investigate the semi-mass breeding methods of the predatory mite, different diets including different biological stages of three storage mite species Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Tyrolichus casei and (Acari: Acaridae) Rhizoglyphus robini and different plant pollens (corn and date pollen) were used in rearing containers on wet sponge. Storage mites fed with wheat bran, yeast and corn pollen. The number of predatory mites counted one, two, three and four weeks later. It was more suitable to use larger containers for predatory rearing. Among the three prey species used, the storage mite T. putrescentiae provided better food for the predatory mite, so in the fourth count, the number of mites reached 17.12. Corn pollen is the best option for predatory mites due to the presence of compounds that are more nutritious and the simplicity of its preparation. Increasing the amount of pollen or bran containing storage mites did not affect the increase in the number of predatory mites. T. putrescentia storage mite along with wheat bran, yeast and corn pollen are recommended in breeding this predator. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Identification of Behavioral Disorders in Cats Referred to Veterinary Clinics in Shiraz
Nastaran Varmazyar Seyedeh Ommolbanin Ghasemian Seyyed Morteza Razaghi ManeshCats are one of the most popular pets due to their adaptability. However, the behavioral problems associated with this species have also increased, and in some cases, these behavioral disorders lead to the abandonment and death of animals. The present study aimed to ide MoreCats are one of the most popular pets due to their adaptability. However, the behavioral problems associated with this species have also increased, and in some cases, these behavioral disorders lead to the abandonment and death of animals. The present study aimed to identify behavioral disorders in cats referred to veterinary clinics in Shiraz City. The current descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 140 cats with owners living in Shiraz during the year 2021. Information about cats, their keeping conditions, and behavioral disorders was recorded. In this study, the most frequent behavioral disorders of cats included urine inappropriate elimination (44.3%), aggression (36.4%), stool inappropriate elimination (21.4%), hyperactivity (10.7%), destructive grabbing (9.3%), respectively. Older cats had the highest amount of inappropriate elimination of urine and feces (P=0.04). Improper excretion of urine and feces, aggression, and destructive grabbing in male and unsterilized cats were significantly more than in other cats (p < 0.05). Moreover, destructive grabbing and anxiety caused by loneliness were significantly higher in cats living at home with other cats than in those alone (p < 0.05). There was no difference in behavioral disorders among short hair and Persian cats (p < 0.05). The behavioral disorders in Iranian domestic cats are affected by factors such as age, sterilization, gender, and the presence of several cats in the house. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Inhibition of Breast Cancer Cells by Microvesicles Containing Doxorubicin
Fatemeh Akhavan Attar Shiva Irani mana oloomi Azam Bolhasani Loabat Geranpayeh Fatemeh AtyabiBreast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women in the whole world. Therefore, it is necessary to identify new methods for BC treatment. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of microvesicles containing doxorubicin (EV-Dox MoreBreast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women in the whole world. Therefore, it is necessary to identify new methods for BC treatment. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of microvesicles containing doxorubicin (EV-Dox) on the MCF-7 cell line. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from human adipose tissue. Microvesicles secreted from MSCs were extracted by ultracentrifugation. The shape and size of microvesicles were assessed by SEM and DLS, respectively. Doxorubicin (Dox) was loaded into microvesicles by sonication method. MCF-7 cells were treated with different concentrations of Dox (2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 µM) for 24 and 48 h and EV-Dox (0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 µM) for 48 and 72h. IC50 was determined based on MTT assay. The findings from SEM and DLS showed that the extracted microvesicles are spherical in shape, with a size of about 592.3 nm. MTT results showed that microvesicles aloan had no significant inhibitory effect on MCF-7 cells, and IC50 of Dox and EV-Dox were reported as 2.2 µM and 2.4 µM, respectively. EV-Dox can be a suitable strategy for treating BC because this study showed that the amount of cell death caused by this type of treatment is higher than the treatment with Dox. Also, the survival assay showed that the amount of apoptosis caused by EV-Dox (56.5%) was significantly higher than Dox (43%) ( p < 0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Comparison of the effect of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae extract with sodium bentonite on performance, immune response and Blood parameters of broiler chickens infected with aflatoxin
Seyed Saman Seif Amir Fattah mohsen MohamadisaeiThis study was conducted to investigate the effect of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae extract with sodium bentonite on the performance, immune responses and blood parameters of broiler chickens fed with aflatoxin-contaminated diet. The experiment was conducted using 384 c MoreThis study was conducted to investigate the effect of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae extract with sodium bentonite on the performance, immune responses and blood parameters of broiler chickens fed with aflatoxin-contaminated diet. The experiment was conducted using 384 chicken pieces in a completely random design and were divided into 6 experimental groups in 4 repetitions and 16 pieces in each repetition. Experimental rations include: 1- negative control treatment (rations without aflatoxin); 2- Positive control treatment (rations contaminated with 0.5 mg/kg of aflatoxin); 3- Healthy diet + Chlorella vulgaris extract (0.4 g/kg feed); 4- Contaminated diet + chlorella extract (0.4 g/kg of feed); 5- Healthy diet + sodium bentonite (2 grams per kilogram of feed); 6- Contaminated diet + sodium bentonite (2 grams per kilogram of feed). In this study, functional parameters, hematological and immune parameters were determined. The results of the research showed that the addition of bentonite and chlorella food supplements to the basic diet in the final period did not affect weight gain and feed consumption, but in the initial period of growth and the whole period improved weight gain and feed consumption compared to the control group (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the control treatment and the aflatoxin treatment in any of the experimental periods in the field of food conversion coefficient (p < 0.05). Chickens fed with 0.4 g/kg of chlorella had the best performance in terms of blood biochemical metabolites compared to other experimental treatments. Adding chlorella supplement to the food diet compared to the control diet showed a positive and significant effect on the antibody titer and the relative weight of the lymphatic organs (p < 0.05), but bentonite did not showe a significant difference with the control in the spleen, thymus, and bursa. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Investigating the Destructive Effects of the Energizing Drug Oxymetholone on the Liver Tissue of NMRI Female Mice
Naeimeh Dehghani Hamed Danesh PajoohOxymetholone is an oral active anabolic-androgenic steroid. This drug was obtained in 1959 by methylating the 17α carbon and saturating the 5α carbon of testosterone. This drug in low doses are used to treat diseases such as; Anemia, lack of growth in children, reducing MoreOxymetholone is an oral active anabolic-androgenic steroid. This drug was obtained in 1959 by methylating the 17α carbon and saturating the 5α carbon of testosterone. This drug in low doses are used to treat diseases such as; Anemia, lack of growth in children, reducing the spread of the AIDS virus in the body and heart failure are used. Unfortunately; some athletes use this drug as an energy-boosting drug in high doses due to its anabolic properties and its effect on muscle growth. In this study, the effect of Oxymetholone in a dose much higher than the physiological limit of the body was investigated on the liver of NMRI female mice. For this purpose, 12 mg/kg/day of the drug was injected intraperitoneally to adult mice (45 days old) for ten days. The results obtained from intraperitoneal (IP) injection of oxymetholone on the number of Kupffer cells in the liver in adult rats (NMRI) show that the number of Kupffer cells increased, which is significant at P<0.001. Also, according to the histograms related to The number of liver hepatocyte cells, the diameter of liver hepatocyte cells and the number of double nuclei in the liver and the results obtained, it can be seen that there is no significant difference in the comparison between the sham, control and experimental groups at P<0.05. The results of the present study show that the consumption of oxymetholone steroids can cause harmful effects on the liver tissue of athletes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Effects of Replacing Mineral Selenium Supplement with Selenium Nanoparticles on Feed Digestibility and Ruminal Parameters of suckling Dairy Calves
Mohammad Karimi mehdi Ganjkhanlou farhang fatehiThis study aimed to investigate the effects of replacing mineral selenium supplement with nano-selenium particles in feeding infant calves and its effects on nutrient digestibility and, rumen fermentation characteristics. The number of 32 newborn Holstein calves with an MoreThis study aimed to investigate the effects of replacing mineral selenium supplement with nano-selenium particles in feeding infant calves and its effects on nutrient digestibility and, rumen fermentation characteristics. The number of 32 newborn Holstein calves with an average body weight of 37.85 ± 4.35 kg in the form of a completely randomized design with 4 treatments (eight calves in each treatment) for 83 days according to the supplemental consumption of milk or drinking water with sources different selenium were placed. Treatments include: 1) mineral selenium: providing 0.3 mg of selenium per kilogram of dry matter with sodium selenite source, 2) Low level of nano selenium: providing 0.15 mg of selenium per kilogram of dry matter with nanoparticles prepared from selenium source, 3 (Medium level of nano-selenium: providing 0.3 mg of selenium per kilogram of dry matter with nanoparticles prepared from selenium source, 4) High level of nano-selenium: providing 0.45 mg of selenium per kilogram of dry matter with nanoparticles prepared from selenium source. The results showed that improve the digestibility of protein and insoluble fibers in neutral detergent with nano-selenium. Ruminal ammonia nitrogen concentration in calves fed with rations supplemented with nano-selenium tended to decrease (p = 0.08) in a quadratic way, and its average level was the lowest. Acetate concentration for calves fed nano-selenium decreased (p < 0.01), while propionate concentration increased (p < 0.05) for calves fed nano-selenium. The results of this study showed that nano-selenium was effective in improving feed digestibility. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Utilizing the Transposon Vector to Enhance the Expression of Recombinant Erythropoietin in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells
Reyhane Lohrasbi Seyede Hoda Jazayeri Abbas Daneshipour Zahra Halfinezhad Robabe Mohammadi Parisa Javidzade Amir Amiri-YektaIn pharmaceutical biotechnology and recombinant protein production, due to the low efficacy of inserting the target gene into the host gene genome and its integration into the heterochromatin regions, which leads to the suppression of transcription as well as the instab MoreIn pharmaceutical biotechnology and recombinant protein production, due to the low efficacy of inserting the target gene into the host gene genome and its integration into the heterochromatin regions, which leads to the suppression of transcription as well as the instability of the expression of the desired sequence, achieving cells with highexpression is a challenge. To overcome the limitations transposons, which are mobile genetic elements and have the ability to cut and insert target fragments in certain regions of the genome with the “Cut and Paste” mechanism, are effective. This research aims to evaluate the effect of the PiggyBac transposon vector on the expression level of recombinant Erythropoietin (rEPO) protein and to find a cell line with high expression. First the optimized rEPO sequence based on CHO codon performance was cloned into the pOptiVECTM plasmid. To create the second expression vector, the EPO-IRES-DHFR fragment was inserted into the PB513B-1 plasmid, and then the homogenization steps in both vectors were confirmed using Colony PCR reaction, enzyme digestion, and Sanger sequencing. In order to create a stable cell line, both vectors were separately transfected into CHO DG44 cells and then screened. After confirming the insertion of the vectors into the genome of the target cell, the level of erythropoietin gene expression at the transcript and protein level was checked using qRT-PCR and western blotting tests, respectively, in two cell lines. The Real-Time PCR data indicate a 188-fold increase in erythropoietin gene transcript in the PB513B-1-EPO cell line compared to pOptiVEC-EPO. Additionally, the western blotting test's result confirmed the correct synthesis and secretion of this protein. Analysis of findings in this research revealed that the transposon element significantly increased the expression of the desired gene at the transcriptional level and had could create a cell line with high expression of the target protein. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Effect of Zataria multiflora Boiss. Extract against Carbon Tetrachloride – induced Liver Damage in Adult Male Wistar rats
Zahra Taherkhani Akram Eidi Pejman MortazaviThyme (Zataria Multiflora Boiss), belonging to the family Labiatae, is native to Iran and is used traditionally in food, especially in yogurt flavoring, as a stimulant, seasoning, and carminative. Very high medicinal properties of this plant were reported, such as antio MoreThyme (Zataria Multiflora Boiss), belonging to the family Labiatae, is native to Iran and is used traditionally in food, especially in yogurt flavoring, as a stimulant, seasoning, and carminative. Very high medicinal properties of this plant were reported, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activity. This research aimed to evaluate the protective effects of ethanolic extract of thyme against hepatic damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in adult male Wistar rats. 40 rats were randomly divided into 8 groups: group 1 as normal control, groups 2-4 only thyme extract (50, 100, 200 mg/kg, gavage), group 5 (liver damage) receiving CCl4 (5/ 0 ml/kg, intraperitoneally, twice a week) for 8 weeks and groups of 6 to 8 thyme extracts (50, 100, 200 mg/kg, gavage) together with CCl4 (0.5 ml/kg, intraperitoneally, twice a week). At the end of the experiment (28 days), serum sample were prepared and the liver was removed for enzyme tests. CCl4 alone increased the serum levels of ALT, AST and ALP. Also, CCl4 treatment significantly decreased the levels of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the liver. Thyme extract treatment significantly improved the above parameters. Therefore, the results showed that thyme extract is a potent antioxidant agent against CCl4-induced liver damage in rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - A Comparative Study of Nucleostemin Gene Expression in Two-Dimensional Culture Medium and Multicellular Breast Cancer Spheroids
N. Rezapour Vajiheh zarrinpour mohammad kamalabadi farahani amir atashiBreast cancer mortality is mainly due to metastatic disease caused by cancer stem cells. Nucleostemin is a GTP-bound nuclear cofactor that is highly expressed in normal stem cells and tumors and is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis and metastasis of MoreBreast cancer mortality is mainly due to metastatic disease caused by cancer stem cells. Nucleostemin is a GTP-bound nuclear cofactor that is highly expressed in normal stem cells and tumors and is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis and metastasis of breast cancer. This study examines the expression level of this gene in a comparison between primary and metastatic tumor cells in two-dimensional and three-dimensional culture conditions. In this study, after creating a mouse model of breast cancer using 4T1 cell line, primary breast cancer cells and brain and lung metastatic tumor cells were isolated and propagated in two-dimensional and three dimensional culture medium. Using real-time PCR reaction, analysis of nucleostemin gene expression was done comparetively between these two culture media. The findings of this experiment showed that the expression of the nucleostemin gene in the metastasis cycle in a two-dimensional culture medium is increased by 6 and 23 times, respectivly, in lung and brain metastatic tumor tissue compared to primary tumor cells. In the three-dimensional culture medium, which was done to enrich cancer stem cells, the expression level of nucleostemin gene in primary tumor cells and brain and lung metastatic cells compared to the two-dimensional culture medium in all three cell groups showed a significant decrease in expression. These findings provide information about nucleostemin gene expression in breast cancer metastatic cascade and 3D culture environment, which deserves further discussion. In this regard, analyzing the molecular properties of metastatic tumor cells, can be used to design targeted treatment strategies in the fight against breast cancer metastasis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Effect of 12 Weeks of High Intensity Interval Training with Spirulina Supplementation on Novel Adipokines in Obese Men
Farideh Afsheh Alireza Barari Asieh abbassi-daloii Ayoub SaeidiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) with spirulina supplementation on dermatopontine (DPT) and TGF-β in obese men. 44 obese men were divided into four groups of 11 including: control, Training, s MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) with spirulina supplementation on dermatopontine (DPT) and TGF-β in obese men. 44 obese men were divided into four groups of 11 including: control, Training, supplement and supplemental training. Subjects in the 12-week training group perform three HIIT sessions per week. Also, subjects in the supplement group took 6 grams of spirulina per day (three grams in the morning and three grams in the evening) for 12 weeks. 48 hours before the start of the research and 48 hours after the last day of training, blood Blood was drawn and, finally the aforementioned indicators were measured using an ELISA kit and device. The results of the present study showed that there is a significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05). The post hoc analysis showed that training and supplementary training decreased DPT and TGF-β compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The present study showed that HIIT alone and with spirulina supplementation decreased DPT and TGF-β levels in obese men. Also, the consumption of spirulina along with HIIT compared to HIIT alone had a greater effect on the levels of the investigated variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The Effect of Different Levels of Dietary Manganese on Antioxidant Activity, Liver Enzymes and Liver Histology in Reared Young Beluga (Huso huso)
Fatemeh Hemmati Hossein Khara Habib Vahabzadeh Roudsari Rezvanollah KazemiThis research aims to determine the effect of different amounts of dietary manganese on antioxidant activity, liver enzymes and, liver tissue of rearing young beluga (Huso huso) from October to December 2022 at the Dr. Beheshti Reproduction and Genetic Stock Restoration MoreThis research aims to determine the effect of different amounts of dietary manganese on antioxidant activity, liver enzymes and, liver tissue of rearing young beluga (Huso huso) from October to December 2022 at the Dr. Beheshti Reproduction and Genetic Stock Restoration Center of Sturgeon in Rasht, Guilan province. For this study, 180 pieces of beluga with an average initial weight of 266 ± 3.05 grams underwent a two-week adaptation period in the breeding environment, in six treatment groups and each treatment with three repetitions, with concentrations of 5 (Mn1), 10 (Mn2), 15 (Mn3), 20 (Mn4) and 25 (Mn5) mg of manganese sulfate monohydrate (MnSO4H2O) per kilogram of food and control treatment (Mn0) without adding manganese sulfate supplement were carried out in two months. At the end of each month, three pieces of fish were selected from each repetition, blood was collected and their livers were sampled for histological studies. The results revealed a significant difference in catalase and glutathione peroxidase levels among the experimental treatments (p<0.05) and their maximum amount was the control treatment fish, while superoxide dismutase levels did not differ significantly (p<0.05). Among the liver enzymes, Alkaline-phosphatase and aspartate-aminotransferase had a significant difference between the control treatment and other experimental treatments (p<0.05), but the alanine-aminotransferase enzyme had no significant difference (p<0.05). Also, different forms of tissue damage were observed in the liver tissue of all treatments, even the control (atrophy, biliary stagnation, Fat degeneration and, cellular necrosis). Based on the results of this research, the levels of 10-15 mg of dietary manganese could improve antioxidant activities, liver enzymes and reduce liver tissue damage in breeding young beluga. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Evaluation of Antibody Titer from Newcastle Vaccine and Histological Effect in Sebright Chickens
Kimia Karimi Sani Mehdi Rezaei Mohammadreza HossenchiNewcastle disease (ND) is one of the most important viral disease which make lots of casualty in poultry flocks. Therefor vaccination against ND is the main way to prevents the damages. The aim of this research was evaluation of antibody titer from ND vaccines and histo MoreNewcastle disease (ND) is one of the most important viral disease which make lots of casualty in poultry flocks. Therefor vaccination against ND is the main way to prevents the damages. The aim of this research was evaluation of antibody titer from ND vaccines and histopathological effects in Sebright chickens. In this research, 72 one-day-old Sebright chickens were tested in a completely random format in two groups (with three replications). From day one to the end of period, the breeding conditions were the same for all quails and the differences between the groups were only in the Newcastle disease vaccination program. Vaccination in the first group was based on using: Clone ND vaccine in day old (eye drop), injection of ND/AI + Clone ND (eye drop) in day 8 and using Avinew vaccine (drinking water) in day 15. The second group was considered as the control group (without vaccination). Blood samples were taken at day 25 and 35 and evaluated by HI test. Also, a sample was taken from the intestine and a histopathology specimen was prepared. The results of statistical analysis by Tukey test showed that the mean titer of Newcastle antibody in the vaccinated groups was significantly different (p < 0.01). Also, the results of morphometry and morphology of Newcastle vaccine in the intestinal tissue in the vaccinated groups showed a significant difference compared to the control group (p < 0.05). This study presents as a strategy in terms of antibody production and histological effects after vaccination in Sebright farms. Manuscript profile