اثر فیلم زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر بر پایه پلی وینیل استات/ ژلاتین حاوی اسانس گلپر بر افزایش زمان ماندگاری نان پیتا
محورهای موضوعی :
علوم و صنایع غذایی
مهسا سلیم خانیان
1
(
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد ورامین–پیشوا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ورامین، ایران
)
لیلا ناطقی
2
(
دانشیار، گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد ورامین–پیشوا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ورامین، ایران
)
نازنین زند
3
(
استادیار، گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد ورامین–پیشوا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ورامین، ایران
)
تاریخ دریافت : 1400/04/19
تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/07/04
تاریخ انتشار : 1400/04/01
کلید واژه:
ژلاتین,
اسانس گلپر,
نان پیتا,
پلی ونیل استات,
فیلم زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر,
چکیده مقاله :
استفاده از فیلم‌های زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر حاوی ترکیبات ضدمیکروبی برای بسته بندی یکی از روش‌های مؤثر در کاهش آلودگی‌های زیست‌محیطی و ایمنی در محصولات غذایی است. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی اثر فیلم زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر بر پایه پلی وینیل استات/ ژلاتین حاوی اسانس گلپر بر افزایش زمان ماندگاری نان پیتا بود. فیلم بر پایه پلی وینیل استات و ژلاتین با نسبت‌های 100/0، 80/20، 60/40، 40/60، 20/80، 0/100 با یکدیگر مخلوط شدند و اسانس گلپر با غلظت 1250 میکروگرم/میلی‌لیتر افزوده شد. خواص ضدمیکروبی و مکانیکی آن‌ها طی 9 روز نگهداری در دمای 25 درجه سلسیوس ارزیابی شد. سپس فیلم بهینه با بالاترین خاصیت ضدمیکروبی برای بسته بندی نان پیتا انتخاب گردید و خواص میکروبی آن با نان پیتا بسته‌بندی شده در پلی اتیلن طی دوره نگهداری مقایسه گردید. بالاترین میزان هاله عدم رشد آسپرژیلوس نایجر و پنی‌سیلیوم اکسپانسوم متعلق به فیلم زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر پلی وینیل استات 40 درصد و ژلاتین 60 درصد بود. بنابراین فیلم مذکور برای بسته بندی نان پیتا انتخاب شد. میزان کپک و مخمر و شمارش کلی در نان پیتا بسته‌بندی شده در فیلم بهینه به‌صورت معنی‌داری کمتر از نان پیتا بسته‌بندی‌شده در پلی‌اتیلن بود. با افزایش میزان ژلاتین و کاهش پلی وینیل استات میزان نفوذ به بخار آب، حلالیت، جذب آب، نفوذ به اکسیژن و ضخامت فیلم ها افزایش یافت. استفاده از فیلم های زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر حاوی ترکیبات ضدمیکروبی می تواند گام مؤثری بر کاهش بار میکروبی و افزایش خواص کیفی نان طی دوره نگهداری باشد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
The use of biodegradable films containing antimicrobial compounds for packaging is one of the effective methods in reducing environmental pollution and the safety of food products. This study aimed to investigate the effect of biodegradable films based on polyvinyl acetate/gelatin containing Angelica essential oil on increasing the shelf life of pita bread. Films based on polyvinyl acetate and gelatin were mixed with 0/100, 20/80, 40/60, 60/40, 80/20, 100/0 ratios and given Angelica essential oil with a concentration of 1250 µg/ml was added. Antimicrobial and mechanical properties were evaluated during 9 days of storage at 25 °C. The optimal film with the highest antimicrobial properties was selected for packing pita bread and its microbial features were compared with pita bread packed in polyethylene. The highest growth inhibition zone of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium expansum belonged to the biodegradable film of 40% polyvinyl acetate and 60% gelatin. Thus, the film was selected for packaging pita bread. Loads of yeast and mold as well as the total bacteria in pita bread packed in the optimal biodegradable film were significantly less than a pita bread packed in polyethylene. With increasing gelatin and decreasing polyvinyl acetate, water vapor permeability, solubility, water absorption, oxygen permeability, and film thickness were increased. The use of biodegradable films containing antimicrobial compounds can be an effective step in reducing the microbial load and increasing the quality properties of bread during storage.
منابع و مأخذ:
Abedi, M.J., Esmailli, M. and Almasi, H. (2019). Investigation of the effect of propolis ethanolic extract on the physicochemical, microstructural, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of starch-gelatin-polyvinyl alcohol blend film. Innovative Food Technologies, 6(4): 568-587. [In Persian]
Alizadeh Behbahani, B. and Fooladi, A.A.I. (2018). Antibacterial activities, phytochemical analysis and chemical composition Makhlaseh extracts against the growth of some pathogenic strain causing poisoning and infection. Microbial Pathogenesis, 114: 204-208.
Azizkhani, M., Torian, F., and Beriri, M. (2016). Effects of Ocimum basilicum and Salvia sclarea essential oils on Listeria monocytogenes and Aspergillus flavus in Iranian white cheese. Iranian Food Science and Technology Research, 12(2): 286-295. [In Persian]
Barreto, P.L.M., Pires, A.T.N. and Soldi, V. (2003). Thermal degradation of edible films based on milk proteins and gelatin in inert atmosphere. Polymer Degradation and stability, 79(1): 147-152.
Barzegari Firouzabadi, F. and Mirhosseini, M. (2012). Effect of Persian hogweed (Heracleum persicum) on the morphological changes in mice testes and the level of hormone testosterone. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences, 19(99): 18-24. [In Persian]
Balaguer, M.P., Lopez Carballo, G., Catala, R., Gavara, R. and Hernandez Munoz, P. (2013). Antifungal properties of gliadin films incorporating cinnamaldehyde and application in active food packaging of bread and cheese spread foodstuffs. International Journal Food Microbiology, 166(3): 369-377.
Bodini, R.B., Sobral, P.J.A., Favaro-Trindade, C.S. and Carvalho, R.A. (2013). Properties of gelatin-based films with added ethanol–propolis extract. LWT-Food Science Technology, 51(1): 104-110.
Barzegar, H. and Alizadeh, V. (2017). Characterization of physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of biodegradable soluble soybean polysaccharide films containing Satureja hortensis essential oil. Iranian Food Science and Technology, 71(14): 35-45. [In Persian]
Chang, R., Jian, R., Yu, J. and Ma, X. (2009). Fabrication and characterization of chitosan nanoparticles/plasticised-starch composites. Journal of Food Chemistry, 120(3): 736–740.
Gandomi, H., Misaghi, A., Akhondzadeh Basti, A., Bokaei, S., Khosravi, A., Abbasifar, A., et al. (2009). Effect of Zataria multiflora essential oil on growth and aflatoxin formation by Aspergillus flavus in culture media and cheese. Food Chemistry and Toxicology, 47(10): 2397-2400.
Hong, Y.H., Lim, G.O. and Song, K.B. (2009). Physical properties of gelidium corneum-gelatin blend films containing grape fruit seed extract or green tea extract and its application in the packaging of pork loins. Journal of Food Science, 74(1): 6-10.
Hemati, A., Azarnia, M. and Angaji, A.H. (2010). Medicinal effects of Heracleum persicum (Golpar). Middle-East Journal Science Research, 5(3): 174-176.
Heydari, A., Samimi Hashjin, F. and Mohammadi Nafchi, A. (2017). Study of the functional and antimicrobial properties of combined cassava starch and bovine gelatin films reinforced with nano titanium dioxide. Journal of New Food Technologies, 5(3): 373-384. [In Persian]
Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran (ISIRI), (2007). Method for counting molds and yeasts. ISIRI 997. [In Persian]
Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran (ISIRI), (2007). Microbiology of food and animal feed - a comprehensive method for the general enumeration of microorganisms. ISIRI 5272. [In Persian]
Kechichian, V., Ditchfield, C., Veiga-Santos, P. and Tadini, C.C. (2010). Natural antimicrobial ingredients incorporated in biodegradable films based on cassava starch. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 43(7): 1088-1094.
Kurt, A. and Kahyaoglu, T. (2014). Characterization of a new biodegradable edible film made from salep glucomannan. Carbohydrate Polymers, 104: 50-58.
Mascheroni, E., Guillard, V., Nalin, F., Mora, L. and Piergiovanni, L. (2010). Diffusivity of propolis compounds in Polylactic acid polymer for the development of anti-microbial packaging films. Journal of Food Engineering, 98(3): 294-301.
Majdzadeh-Ardakani, K. and Nazari, B. (2010). Improving the mechanical properties of thermoplastic starch/poly (vinyl alcohol)/clay nanocomposites. Composites Science and Technology, 70(10): 1557-1563.
Miladinovic, D.L., Ilic, B.S., Mihajilov Krstev, T.M., Nikolic, D.M., Cvetkovic, O.G., Markovic, M.S., et al. (2013). Antibacterial activity of the essential oil of Heracleum sibiricum. Natral product communication, 8(9): 1309- 1311.
Monjazeb Marvdashti, L., Yavarmanesh, M. and Koocheki, A. (2017). The effect of different concentrations of glycerol on properties of blend films based on polyvinyl alcohol-allysumhomolocarpum seed gum. Iranian Food Science and Technology Research Journal, 12(5): 663- 677.
Nateghi, L. (2017). Investigation of the quantity and release of nisin used in corn husk film on population reduction of Micrococcus luteus. Quarterly Journal of New Food Technologies, 4(16): 123-141. [In Persian]
Ownagh, A., Hasani, A., Mardani, K. and Ebrahimzadeh, S. (2010). Antifungal effects of thyme, Agastache and Satureja essential oils on Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium solani. Veterinary Research Forum, 1(2): 99-105.
Paralikar, S.A., Simonsen, J. and Lombardi, J. (2008). Poly (vinyl alcohol)/cellulose nanocrystal barrier membranes. Journal of Memberane Science, 320(1-2): 248-258.
Pereda, M., Ponce, A.G., Marcovich, N.E., Ruseckaite, R.A. and Martucci, J.F. (2011). Chitosangelatin composites and bi-layer films with potential antimicrobial activity. Food Hydrocolloids, 25(5): 1372- 1381.
Ramos, M., Beltran, A., Valdes, A., Peltzer, M., Jimenez, A., Garrigos, M., et al. (2013). Active packaging for fresh food based on the release of carvacrol and thymol. Chemistry and Chemical Technology, 7(3): 295-303.
Rezayan, A. and Ehsani, A. (2015). Evaluation of the chemical compounds and antibacterial properties of the aerial parts of Persian Heracleum persicum essence. Journal of Babol University Medical Science, 17(6): 26-32. [In Persian]
Romero-Bastida, C.A., Bello-Perez, L.A., Garcia, M.A., Martino, M.N., Solorza-Feria, J. and Zaritzky, N.E. (2005). Physicochemical and microstructural characterization of films prepared by thermal and cold gelatinization from non-conventional sources of starches. Carbohydrate Polymers, 60(2): 235–244.
Rahmati-Joneidabad, M. and Alizadeh Behbahani, B. (2021). Evaluation of the antifungal effect of Froriepia subpinnata essential oil on Aspergillus niger (black mold) and Botrytis cinerea (gray mold) grape poisoning agent: A study "in vitro". Iranian Food Science and Technology, 17(108): 75-83.
Srinivasa, P., Ramesh, M., Kumar, K. and Tharanathan, R. (2003). Properties and sorption studies of chitosan– polyvinyl alcohol blend films. Carbohydrate Polymers, 53(4): 431-438.
Silvério, H.A., Neto, W.P.F. and Pasquini, D. (2013). Effect of incorporating cellulose nanocrystals from corncob on the tensile, thermal and barrier properties of poly (vinyl alcohol) nanocomposites. Journal of Nanomaterials, 142: 126-136.
Sedaghat Boroujeni, L., Hojat eslami, M., Keramat, J. and Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A. (2013). Antioxidant effect of Snow Angelica (Heracleumlasiopetalum Boiss) essential oil on chemical properties of potato chips. Journal of Herbal Drugs, 3(4): 249-256. [In Persian]
Salarbashi, D., Tajik, S., Shojaee-Aliabadi, S., Ghasemlou, M., Moayyed, H., Khaksar, R., et al. (2013). Development of new active packaging film made from a soluble soybean polysaccharide incorporated Zataria multiflora Boiss and Mentha pulegium essential oils. Food Chemistry, 146: 614-622. [In Persian]
Shen, Z., Ghasemlu, M. and Kamdem, D.P. (2015). Development and compatibility assessment of new composite film based on sugar beet pulp and polyvinyl alcohol intended for packaging applications. Journal Applied Polymer Science, 132(4): 41354.
Van Long, N.N., Joly, C. and Dantigny, P. (2016). Active packaging with antifungal activities. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 220, 73–
Zhang, S., Wang, Y., Herrlng, J.L. and OH, J.H. (2007). Characterization of edible film fabricated with channel catfish gelatin extract using selected pretreatment methods. Journal of Food Science, 72(9): 498-503.
Zeppa, C., Gouanve, F. and Espuche, E. (2009). Effect of a plasticizer on the structure of biodegradable starch clay nanocomposites: thermal, water sorption, and oxygen barrier properties. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 112(4): 2044-2056.
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Abedi, M.J., Esmailli, M. and Almasi, H. (2019). Investigation of the effect of propolis ethanolic extract on the physicochemical, microstructural, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of starch-gelatin-polyvinyl alcohol blend film. Innovative Food Technologies, 6(4): 568-587. [In Persian]
Alizadeh Behbahani, B. and Fooladi, A.A.I. (2018). Antibacterial activities, phytochemical analysis and chemical composition Makhlaseh extracts against the growth of some pathogenic strain causing poisoning and infection. Microbial Pathogenesis, 114: 204-208.
Azizkhani, M., Torian, F., and Beriri, M. (2016). Effects of Ocimum basilicum and Salvia sclarea essential oils on Listeria monocytogenes and Aspergillus flavus in Iranian white cheese. Iranian Food Science and Technology Research, 12(2): 286-295. [In Persian]
Barreto, P.L.M., Pires, A.T.N. and Soldi, V. (2003). Thermal degradation of edible films based on milk proteins and gelatin in inert atmosphere. Polymer Degradation and stability, 79(1): 147-152.
Barzegari Firouzabadi, F. and Mirhosseini, M. (2012). Effect of Persian hogweed (Heracleum persicum) on the morphological changes in mice testes and the level of hormone testosterone. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences, 19(99): 18-24. [In Persian]
Balaguer, M.P., Lopez Carballo, G., Catala, R., Gavara, R. and Hernandez Munoz, P. (2013). Antifungal properties of gliadin films incorporating cinnamaldehyde and application in active food packaging of bread and cheese spread foodstuffs. International Journal Food Microbiology, 166(3): 369-377.
Bodini, R.B., Sobral, P.J.A., Favaro-Trindade, C.S. and Carvalho, R.A. (2013). Properties of gelatin-based films with added ethanol–propolis extract. LWT-Food Science Technology, 51(1): 104-110.
Barzegar, H. and Alizadeh, V. (2017). Characterization of physical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of biodegradable soluble soybean polysaccharide films containing Satureja hortensis essential oil. Iranian Food Science and Technology, 71(14): 35-45. [In Persian]
Chang, R., Jian, R., Yu, J. and Ma, X. (2009). Fabrication and characterization of chitosan nanoparticles/plasticised-starch composites. Journal of Food Chemistry, 120(3): 736–740.
Gandomi, H., Misaghi, A., Akhondzadeh Basti, A., Bokaei, S., Khosravi, A., Abbasifar, A., et al. (2009). Effect of Zataria multiflora essential oil on growth and aflatoxin formation by Aspergillus flavus in culture media and cheese. Food Chemistry and Toxicology, 47(10): 2397-2400.
Hong, Y.H., Lim, G.O. and Song, K.B. (2009). Physical properties of gelidium corneum-gelatin blend films containing grape fruit seed extract or green tea extract and its application in the packaging of pork loins. Journal of Food Science, 74(1): 6-10.
Hemati, A., Azarnia, M. and Angaji, A.H. (2010). Medicinal effects of Heracleum persicum (Golpar). Middle-East Journal Science Research, 5(3): 174-176.
Heydari, A., Samimi Hashjin, F. and Mohammadi Nafchi, A. (2017). Study of the functional and antimicrobial properties of combined cassava starch and bovine gelatin films reinforced with nano titanium dioxide. Journal of New Food Technologies, 5(3): 373-384. [In Persian]
Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran (ISIRI), (2007). Method for counting molds and yeasts. ISIRI 997. [In Persian]
Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran (ISIRI), (2007). Microbiology of food and animal feed - a comprehensive method for the general enumeration of microorganisms. ISIRI 5272. [In Persian]
Kechichian, V., Ditchfield, C., Veiga-Santos, P. and Tadini, C.C. (2010). Natural antimicrobial ingredients incorporated in biodegradable films based on cassava starch. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 43(7): 1088-1094.
Kurt, A. and Kahyaoglu, T. (2014). Characterization of a new biodegradable edible film made from salep glucomannan. Carbohydrate Polymers, 104: 50-58.
Mascheroni, E., Guillard, V., Nalin, F., Mora, L. and Piergiovanni, L. (2010). Diffusivity of propolis compounds in Polylactic acid polymer for the development of anti-microbial packaging films. Journal of Food Engineering, 98(3): 294-301.
Majdzadeh-Ardakani, K. and Nazari, B. (2010). Improving the mechanical properties of thermoplastic starch/poly (vinyl alcohol)/clay nanocomposites. Composites Science and Technology, 70(10): 1557-1563.
Miladinovic, D.L., Ilic, B.S., Mihajilov Krstev, T.M., Nikolic, D.M., Cvetkovic, O.G., Markovic, M.S., et al. (2013). Antibacterial activity of the essential oil of Heracleum sibiricum. Natral product communication, 8(9): 1309- 1311.
Monjazeb Marvdashti, L., Yavarmanesh, M. and Koocheki, A. (2017). The effect of different concentrations of glycerol on properties of blend films based on polyvinyl alcohol-allysumhomolocarpum seed gum. Iranian Food Science and Technology Research Journal, 12(5): 663- 677.
Nateghi, L. (2017). Investigation of the quantity and release of nisin used in corn husk film on population reduction of Micrococcus luteus. Quarterly Journal of New Food Technologies, 4(16): 123-141. [In Persian]
Ownagh, A., Hasani, A., Mardani, K. and Ebrahimzadeh, S. (2010). Antifungal effects of thyme, Agastache and Satureja essential oils on Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium solani. Veterinary Research Forum, 1(2): 99-105.
Paralikar, S.A., Simonsen, J. and Lombardi, J. (2008). Poly (vinyl alcohol)/cellulose nanocrystal barrier membranes. Journal of Memberane Science, 320(1-2): 248-258.
Pereda, M., Ponce, A.G., Marcovich, N.E., Ruseckaite, R.A. and Martucci, J.F. (2011). Chitosangelatin composites and bi-layer films with potential antimicrobial activity. Food Hydrocolloids, 25(5): 1372- 1381.
Ramos, M., Beltran, A., Valdes, A., Peltzer, M., Jimenez, A., Garrigos, M., et al. (2013). Active packaging for fresh food based on the release of carvacrol and thymol. Chemistry and Chemical Technology, 7(3): 295-303.
Rezayan, A. and Ehsani, A. (2015). Evaluation of the chemical compounds and antibacterial properties of the aerial parts of Persian Heracleum persicum essence. Journal of Babol University Medical Science, 17(6): 26-32. [In Persian]
Romero-Bastida, C.A., Bello-Perez, L.A., Garcia, M.A., Martino, M.N., Solorza-Feria, J. and Zaritzky, N.E. (2005). Physicochemical and microstructural characterization of films prepared by thermal and cold gelatinization from non-conventional sources of starches. Carbohydrate Polymers, 60(2): 235–244.
Rahmati-Joneidabad, M. and Alizadeh Behbahani, B. (2021). Evaluation of the antifungal effect of Froriepia subpinnata essential oil on Aspergillus niger (black mold) and Botrytis cinerea (gray mold) grape poisoning agent: A study "in vitro". Iranian Food Science and Technology, 17(108): 75-83.
Srinivasa, P., Ramesh, M., Kumar, K. and Tharanathan, R. (2003). Properties and sorption studies of chitosan– polyvinyl alcohol blend films. Carbohydrate Polymers, 53(4): 431-438.
Silvério, H.A., Neto, W.P.F. and Pasquini, D. (2013). Effect of incorporating cellulose nanocrystals from corncob on the tensile, thermal and barrier properties of poly (vinyl alcohol) nanocomposites. Journal of Nanomaterials, 142: 126-136.
Sedaghat Boroujeni, L., Hojat eslami, M., Keramat, J. and Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A. (2013). Antioxidant effect of Snow Angelica (Heracleumlasiopetalum Boiss) essential oil on chemical properties of potato chips. Journal of Herbal Drugs, 3(4): 249-256. [In Persian]
Salarbashi, D., Tajik, S., Shojaee-Aliabadi, S., Ghasemlou, M., Moayyed, H., Khaksar, R., et al. (2013). Development of new active packaging film made from a soluble soybean polysaccharide incorporated Zataria multiflora Boiss and Mentha pulegium essential oils. Food Chemistry, 146: 614-622. [In Persian]
Shen, Z., Ghasemlu, M. and Kamdem, D.P. (2015). Development and compatibility assessment of new composite film based on sugar beet pulp and polyvinyl alcohol intended for packaging applications. Journal Applied Polymer Science, 132(4): 41354.
Van Long, N.N., Joly, C. and Dantigny, P. (2016). Active packaging with antifungal activities. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 220, 73–
Zhang, S., Wang, Y., Herrlng, J.L. and OH, J.H. (2007). Characterization of edible film fabricated with channel catfish gelatin extract using selected pretreatment methods. Journal of Food Science, 72(9): 498-503.
Zeppa, C., Gouanve, F. and Espuche, E. (2009). Effect of a plasticizer on the structure of biodegradable starch clay nanocomposites: thermal, water sorption, and oxygen barrier properties. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 112(4): 2044-2056.
