List of Agricultural Education subject articles

Open Access Article

1 - Analysis of Electronic Learning Facilities Utilization among Agricultural Students of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike Abia State, Nigeria
Chioma Nwaobiala O.O Ekumankama E. M Nwagbara

This study investigated utilization of electronic learning facilities among Agricultural students in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike. One hundred and twenty (120) students undergoing training in different agricultural courses in the university were ran More

This study investigated utilization of electronic learning facilities among Agricultural students in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike. One hundred and twenty (120) students undergoing training in different agricultural courses in the university were randomly selected. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution, mean, percentages and inferential statistics (Probit regression analysis). The result reveals that majority (84.17%) of the respondents were competent in the use of internets, had low access ( = 1.89) to these electronic learning facilities and utilized them in on-line registration of courses ( =3.70), learning/ studying ( = 4.30), assignments ( = 3.30), seminar presentation ( =4.70), project writing and sending messages ( = 4.20) and receiving messages ( = 4.10). The probit estimates of the determinants of utilization of electronic leaning facilities among agricultural students of the university showed that coefficients of study habit, competency in computer application, aptitude and education were positive and significant at different levels of probability, while age was negative. Problems of poor network, power failure and preference of usage hindered the use of these electronic learning facilities by students of the university. The study therefore recommended adequate provision of electronic learning facilities in the university, training and cost reduction in the use of these facilities among students of the university. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - The opinion of respondents about the effects of Grazing on Tabar (Ipomaea kordofana) on animal health and milk characteristics in Gezira State, Sudan
Mohamed Hashim

Abstract The objective of the experiment was the opinion of respondent about effects of Grazing on Tabar plant on animal health and milk characteristic in Gezira State, Sudan. This the questionnaire was conducted in two localities of Gezira state where Tabar plant was More

Abstract The objective of the experiment was the opinion of respondent about effects of Grazing on Tabar plant on animal health and milk characteristic in Gezira State, Sudan. This the questionnaire was conducted in two localities of Gezira state where Tabar plant was cultivated. This included, South Gezira locality and Greater Wad Madani Locality. The questionnaire was distributed randomly to 50 animal owners who already have experience with grazing of Bt-CCR, in each of the two localities. Revealed that the results of increase in milk production, the color of milk ,the taste of milk , There is an impact on animal health, Symptoms of feeding on Tabar plant, Quick coagulation of milk , presence of diarrhea and increased frequency of affected animals by Tabar plant grazing was significantly different (p< 0.001) higher in no effect of Grazing on Tabar plant . It is recommended that, further studies are required for recommending of the optimum level of inclusion of Tabar plant in ruminant diets. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Comparative Assessment of Leadership Style of Past Three Vice Chancellors of University of Agriculture, Makurdi
Gyanden Kughur Bini Adiel Dennis Tumba

The degree of complexity attendant in university administration is hardly to be encountered in any other organization with peculiarities which distinguish it from military, paramilitary and ministry. The vice chancellor in university is primarily concerned with how to m More

The degree of complexity attendant in university administration is hardly to be encountered in any other organization with peculiarities which distinguish it from military, paramilitary and ministry. The vice chancellor in university is primarily concerned with how to manage resources allocated to them which requires constant teamwork and communication; however the situation is different in most of the universities. The study assessed leadership style of past three vice chancellors of University of Agriculture, Makurdi. Simple random sampling was used in selecting 16 respondents from four colleges, two departments, one directorate and one institute; primary data were collected using structured questionnaire. Results revealed that Gyang authoritarian 63.5%, Ayatse flexible 56.25%, Uza authoritarian 43.75%, on selected leadership attributes: Gyang 31.25% low level of accessibility, Ayatse 31.25% good financial resources management, Uza 37.5% financial transparency. On rate of violation of the University laws Gyang 62.5% violated laws concerning promotion, recruitment and admission. It is recommended that vice chancellors style of leadership should be service to the people since decision making in the university is different from what is obtainable in other organizations Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Socioeconomic Analysis of Different Categories of Farm in Selected Areas of Mymensingh, Bangladesh
Limon Deb Md. Mian Md. Asaduzzaman Shahali Mitul Md. Rahaman

The purpose of this research was socioeconomicanalysis of farms using primary data in two villages of Mymensingh Sadar. A total of 60 farms including 20 small, 20 medium and 20 large were randomly selected for the study. Socioeconomic analysis showed that indebtedness w More

The purpose of this research was socioeconomicanalysis of farms using primary data in two villages of Mymensingh Sadar. A total of 60 farms including 20 small, 20 medium and 20 large were randomly selected for the study. Socioeconomic analysis showed that indebtedness was higher in large farms than those of small and medium ones. Large farms also engaged more in farm activities than others. All of the asset position, income expenditure and saving were positively related with farm size but non-farm income was negatively related. Analysis of balance sheet depicted that all the farms became able to generate a positive net worth which was the highest in large farms followed by small and medium ones in terms of percentage term. Income statement analysis showed that each of the farms was profitable and earned positive net profit at the end of the accounting year. Net profit had a positive relation with farm size. Results of ratio analysis expressed that none of the farms was fully financially strong. But maximum of seven ratios were favorable to large farms followed by small and medium farms. So, considering overall situation, large farms were relatively strong followed by small and medium farms in the study area. This study recommends for similar studies in other parts of country to develop a benchmark for comparison which is almost absent in present situation of Bangladesh. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Effect of Services and Facilities of Tobacco Companies Ion Tobacco Crop in Malakand Division, Pakistan
Faheem Khan Bilal Ahmad Badar Siddiqui Nowshad Khan

The present research is conducted to find out the services and facilities of tobacco companies in promotion of tobacco crop in Malakand division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A multi-stage sampling technique applied for selection sample size. In this method, 135 toba More

The present research is conducted to find out the services and facilities of tobacco companies in promotion of tobacco crop in Malakand division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A multi-stage sampling technique applied for selection sample size. In this method, 135 tobacco growers were selected from fifteen villages of tobacco growers. The principle researcher interviewed selected respondents face by face through a well-designed interview schedule. The results show that majority 65.18, and 72.57% growers were small size of landholders and literate. Moreover, the tobacco companies provided seed quality, size of plant, leaf cluster, and leaf quality facilities to tobacco growers. So, maximum 51.90% tobacco growers reported that above mentioned facilities were 26-50% beneficial for seed quality, and plant size. Meanwhile, individual, group contact, and mass contact extension methods practiced for delivery of various facilities to tobacco growers. Meantime, farm home visit, office call, leader training, method demonstration, lecture meeting, Radio, Television, and Poster extension techniques recorded for promotion of services to tobacco growers. While, majority 97 and 63.70% enclosed that farm home visit and office call were excellent techniques for services promotion. Beside these facilities, tobacco companies provide training to almost all tobacco growers related seed bed preparation, transplantation, field preparation, fertilizers application, harvesting, and curing process. It is suggested that tobacco companies had better to start programs on electronic media related suitable and appropriate technologies in tobacco crops on equality base for illiterate and literate growers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Designing the Structural Equation Model of Agricultural Entrepreneurship Development in Rural Areas of Iran (Case Study: Villages of Marvdasht County)
Mahdi Rahmaninkoshkaki Yaghoub Zarei

The main purpose of this descriptive-correlative study was to design the structural equation model of agricultural entrepreneurship development in villages of Kamfiruz district, Marvdasht County in Iran. The population of the study consisted of all 3106 families of 20 v More

The main purpose of this descriptive-correlative study was to design the structural equation model of agricultural entrepreneurship development in villages of Kamfiruz district, Marvdasht County in Iran. The population of the study consisted of all 3106 families of 20 villages. According to the Bartlett et al. table, a sample of 197 households was selected using stratified random sampling technique. The data were collected by the questionnaire consisting of personal and professional features of the respondents and preceding studies related to measuring the components of agricultural entrepreneurial development (including innovativeness, renewal, pro-activeness and risk-taking) and the structures affecting the development of agricultural entrepreneurship in rural areas (including social capital, subjective norms, self-efficacy belief and local institutions). The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. The construct validity and the composite reliability of the research instrument were tested by estimating the measurement model and they were satisfied after making necessary corrections. The data were analyzed using SPSSwin22 and AMOS21 soft wares. The results showed that there was found an acceptable fitness of the model used in the present study, which confirm the study hypothesis. Based on the villagers opinion, social capital, subjective norms, self-efficacy belief, and local institutes explained 46.8 percent of variance in developing the agricultural entrepreneurship. It is recommended that the role of government and officials in agricultural entrepreneurship should be more highlighted to encourage the villagers in entrepreneurship. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Assessment of the Usage of Liquid Fertilizer Technology in Dry Season Vegetable Production in Nigeria
Ivie Olaghere Olubunmi Omotesho

The use of liquid fertilizer as an alternate means of improving soil fertility has the possibility of increasing the quality and quantity of food crops. Specifically, this study was designed to examine the level of usage of liquid fertilizer among the dry season vegetab More

The use of liquid fertilizer as an alternate means of improving soil fertility has the possibility of increasing the quality and quantity of food crops. Specifically, this study was designed to examine the level of usage of liquid fertilizer among the dry season vegetable farmers; determine the intensity of usage; and identify the determinants of liquid fertilizer usage among the farmers. Data was collected from 309 farmers using a pretested interview schedule. Descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression were used for data analysis. The study revealed that only 28.1% of vegetable farmers used liquid fertilizer. Farm size, quantity of water, membership of vegetable association and mode of irrigation increased the likelihood that the farmers would use sole liquid fertilizer relative to sole non-liquid fertilizer. Amounts of pesticide and water, sex of the farmer, household size and years of education determined the usage of the combination of both liquid and non-liquid fertilizer relative to sole non- liquid fertilizer. The study concluded that there was a low level of usage of liquid fertilizer and therefore recommended the need for more awareness on the existence and usage of liquid fertilizer through improved extension activities. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - The Role of Training, Extension and Education Facilities on Production Efficiency of Rice Growers in Dinajpur District of Bangladesh
Md. Shajedur Rahaman Sadika Haque Md Abdur Sarkar Mou Sarker Md Abu Siddique

To meet the growing food demand of Bangladesh requires efficiently use of inputs and effectively manage of production practices at the farm level. Thus, the present study aims to measure the technical efficiency and establish core factors affecting boro and aman rice pr More

To meet the growing food demand of Bangladesh requires efficiently use of inputs and effectively manage of production practices at the farm level. Thus, the present study aims to measure the technical efficiency and establish core factors affecting boro and aman rice production in Bangladesh. The study employed mainly farm level data collected from 80 farm households selected randomly in Dinajpur district. Translog Stochastic Frontier Production function approach used to estimate farm specific technical efficiency of the farmers. Evidence revealed that, overall production efficiency of boro and aman rice production were 83.25, and 85.15 percent, respectively which implies that there is still room to further improve technical efficiency given the same level of inputs and technology. Furthermore, the level of output of boro and aman rice production varied according to area cultivated, employed human labor, irrigation management, fertilizer and manure application. On the other hand, farmer’s education, access to microcredit, training and extension facilities were the important factors influencing the level of inefficiency according to technical inefficiency effect model. In conclusion, the sustainability of the high efficiency will dependent on the continuous support of supply and proper use of inputs in the study areas. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Assessment of Adoption of Improved Fish Pond Management Technologies Among Fish Growers in Benue State, Nigeria
Mtimbir Iornenge Mlumun Asema Yankyar Ukohol

The study assessed adoption of improved fish pond management technologies among fish growers in Benue State, Nigeria. Stratified, purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used in selecting 221 respondents. Primary data were collected using structured questio More

The study assessed adoption of improved fish pond management technologies among fish growers in Benue State, Nigeria. Stratified, purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used in selecting 221 respondents. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaire. Data collected were analysed using both descriptive such as frequency distribution tables and inferential statistics such as Kruskal Wallis H test and factor analysis. The results revealed that 88.7% of the respondents used concrete ponds in fish production. One of the major sources of information on improved fish pond management technologies was from friends/neighbour/relation 93.7%. Socio-economic characteristics of innovations and politico-cultural cum ecological constraints were faced by the fish growers. The results of Kruskal Wallis analysis indicated that there was no significant difference (P> 0.05) in adoption of improved fish pond management technologies among fish growers in the three agricultural zones. It was therefore recommended that more efforts should be made to ensure that improved fish pond management technologies are adopted by fish growers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Structural Model of Job Satisfaction in Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) Staff Based on Herzberg Motivational Theory
Jamshid Abdi Sahar Dehyour Azita Zand Masoumeh Arfaee

This study intends to draw a structural model of job satisfaction from the perspective of Herzberg’s hygiene-motivation theory. The study was conducted on 528 staff of Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iran. The sample size was determined by More

This study intends to draw a structural model of job satisfaction from the perspective of Herzberg’s hygiene-motivation theory. The study was conducted on 528 staff of Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iran. The sample size was determined by the Cochran method (n=222) and the data collection tool was a questionnaire which was a combination of Minnesota questionnaire and researcher-made. Panel of experts and Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.89) indicated the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed using SPSS software. According to the results of the correlation, the effect of individual characteristics on staff job satisfaction showed that 10% of the variance (variance) of staff job satisfaction was explained by them. Average satisfaction with hygiene factors and average satisfaction with motivational factors of AREEO staff were lower than average the job satisfaction rate. Amos software tested the theoretical model of research that showed that job satisfaction has both motivational and hygiene factors in the target population. The unique result of this paper was extracted the fitting model that indices were used to check the fit of the model (RMSEA=0.137; GFI=0.808; CMIN; 145.297), and the fitting values obtained for the research model as a whole confirm the suitability of the model. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Willingness and Motivation of Nigerian Youth to Pursue Agricultural Careers After Graduation
Grace Inegbedion Md. Mofakkarul Islam

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has the world’s highest proportion of young population and there has been widespread interest in and calls for engaging this youth in agricultural occupations for achieving sustainable agricultural development and food security in the regi More

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has the world’s highest proportion of young population and there has been widespread interest in and calls for engaging this youth in agricultural occupations for achieving sustainable agricultural development and food security in the region. Yet, very little is known if the youth themselves are willing to take up such employments and what would motivate them to do so. We investigated these questions in the context of Nigeria. A questionnaire was designed with insights from the Expectancy-Value Theory of motivation. Data were collected from over nine hundred undergraduate students of agriculture in four Nigerian universities to investigate their willingness and motivations to pursue an agricultural career after graduation and analysed using descriptive statistics and Principal Axis factoring. Vast majority of the students were willing to pursue an agricultural career and self-employment based on agricultural production was their most preferred choice, which varied according to gender, rural vs. urban residence, and study programmes. Both Success Expectancy (perception of own ability/competence to perform agricultural tasks) and Utility Value (usefulness of agriculture to achieve career goals) exerted positive motivational influence on the students’ willingness, with Utility Value being more influential. Motivation based on Utility Value also had the strongest influence on career choice. These findings can guide policy and intervention design to ensure maximum impact and effectiveness in increasing and sustaining educated youths in agriculture.DOR:20.1001.1.22517588.2021.11.1.6.8 Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Determinants of Agricultural Students’ Academic Performance at the University Level: Case of Bangladesh
Md. Wakilur Rahman Kazi Shek Farid Nishith Zahan Tanny

20.1001.1.22517588.2021.11.4.3.1

This study identifies the determinants of students’ academic performance at the tertiary level of agricultural education in Bangladesh. Primary data were collected through interview survey with a pre-tested interview schedule over a period of three months from ran More

This study identifies the determinants of students’ academic performance at the tertiary level of agricultural education in Bangladesh. Primary data were collected through interview survey with a pre-tested interview schedule over a period of three months from randomly selected 437 students of four agricultural universities of Bangladesh. Regression analysis was performed to identify the factors affecting students’ academic performance. Students are seemed to perform better provided they had a good result in the first semester at the university as the coefficient value of this variable is found statistically significant at one percent level. Their academic achievements are largely influenced by their motivation along with their active participation in different extra-curricular activities. Teaching and research facilities provided by the institutions influence academic achievement of the students positively as well. The study further reveals that pre-university results, family income, connectivity with family members, parents' occupation, and residence positively influence academic results. In contrast, the uncongenial environment of the residential hall and non-cooperation from supporting staffs make students apathetic in achieving better academic results, which is evident in the data with the statistically significant relationship at a one percent level having a negative effect on academic results. The findings emphasize on creation of enabling environment for the fresher, enhancement of need-based teaching and research facilities, and provision of extra-curricular activities to foster the academic performance of the students. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Understanding the Entailment to Establish the Entrepreneurial University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (Iranian Higher Education Universities)
Bahareh Abedi Masoud Baradaran Bahman Khosropour Masoud Yazdanpanah Jafar Yaghobi

20.1001.1.22517588.2023.13.3.1.1

Today, due to the effective role of higher education in building a knowledge economy, varied missions and expectations have been assigned to the university. Accordingly, the university must, with the long-term support of economic development through the production of kn More

Today, due to the effective role of higher education in building a knowledge economy, varied missions and expectations have been assigned to the university. Accordingly, the university must, with the long-term support of economic development through the production of knowledge, and the mechanism of technology transfer, affect the economies of countries and promote their economic prosperity. In this context, it is merely an entrepreneurial university that, as a third-generation university with a more Transcendental duty than traditional universities, ensures a better university capacity in response to changes and expectations, Such as improving the job skills of graduates and reducing the number of unemployed graduates, especially in agriculture. The Iranian agricultural sector, being one of the most important sectors of the economy, desperately needs to develop and improve, therefore, building Entrepreneurial Agriculture and Natural Resources University (EANRU) and making fundamental changes in current universities is more urgent. Therefore, this study aims to identify the necessities of creating a university using the qualitative paradigm. The statistical society was comprised of 37 faculty members of the Iranian Higher education Centers. Grounded theory was used to collect data. Snowball sampling method was used. The conceptual model of entailments for creating EANRU was developed after reaching the theoretical saturation, open coding, axial coding and eventually selective coding. Finally, practical suggestions for implementing the model were presented. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Socio-Economic Factors influencing the Participation of Smallholder Vegetable Farmers in High-Value Markets A case study of Arumeru District, Tanzania
Happiness Huka Fredy Kilima Alban Mchopa

20.1001.1.22517588.2023.13.3.5.5

High-value market chains are regarded as one of the country's lucrative market segments. However, various constraints hinder the effective involvement of smallholder farmers in these market chain, thus limiting their ability to generate income for their households and l More

High-value market chains are regarded as one of the country's lucrative market segments. However, various constraints hinder the effective involvement of smallholder farmers in these market chain, thus limiting their ability to generate income for their households and livelihood. The objective of this paper was to examine the influence of socio-economic factors on the participation of smallholder vegetable farmers in high-value markets (HVM). The study used a cross-sectional research design, involving a sample of 384 respondents. Data collection involved the use of structured questionnaires, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. The study applied a probit model to assess these factors. Findings reveal that socio-economic factors including access to information, distance to the market, availability of extension services, and crop diversification significantly (p < 0.05) influence the participation of smallholder farmers in HVM. To enhance the participation of smallholder vegetable farmers in HVM, the study recommends that the government and agricultural organizations invest in extending agricultural extension services to remote farming areas. Additionally, efforts should focus on enhancing transportation infrastructure. Furthermore, the study suggests facilitating the dissemination of market information to smallholder farmers through information centers, mobile apps, or SMS services, to provide them with real-time market updates. Lastly, promoting specialization in crop production is encouraged. These combined measures can empower smallholder farmers, leading to increased participation in high-value markets, ultimately resulting in improved economic outcomes and livelihoods. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Analysis of Extension and Education Contents in Agricultural Cooperatives in the Lorestan Province of Iran
Elahe Rashidipour Azadeh N. Noorivandi

The purpose of this research was analysis of contents of extension and education in agricultural cooperatives in the Lorestan province, Iran. The population of study consisted of 832 members of agricultural cooperative in Lorestan province, Iran in which 260 people were More

The purpose of this research was analysis of contents of extension and education in agricultural cooperatives in the Lorestan province, Iran. The population of study consisted of 832 members of agricultural cooperative in Lorestan province, Iran in which 260 people were selected as a sample size, using Krejcie and Morgan table. The results indicate that more than 66.92 percent of the agricultural cooperative members had Diploma and lower level education, while only 4.23 percent of them educated in MSc level. In order to assess the attitude of farmers regarding contents of cooperatives agricultural education, seven statements were designed and asked from members to show their opinions. In this study, for analyzing attitude of farmers, the Likert scale was used. The ratings on the Likert scale were from one to five ranks (1. Strongly Disagree, 2. Disagree, 3. No opinion, 4. Agree, 5. Strongly agree). Based on the results, 32.31 percent of farmers were strongly agreed to desirability contents of education in agricultural cooperatives. The results of research showed the correlation between level of education, idea of farmers about cooperative practices, social participation, income, crop yield and attitude of farmers regarding contents of education in agricultural cooperatives was significant. The result of regression analysis by stepwise method indicated level of education, idea of farmers about cooperative practices, social participation, income, crop yield may well explain for 62.8% changes (R2 = 0.628) in attitude of farmers regarding contents of education in agricultural cooperatives. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Knowledge Management (KM) in Agricultural Colleges of Khuzestan Province, Iran
Masoud Ahmadinejad

The purpose of this study was analyzing knowledge management in agricultural colleges Islamic Azad University of Khuzestan Province, Iran. The statistical population was (N=210). The sample size (n=108) were investigated. After confirm the validity of the instrument by More

The purpose of this study was analyzing knowledge management in agricultural colleges Islamic Azad University of Khuzestan Province, Iran. The statistical population was (N=210). The sample size (n=108) were investigated. After confirm the validity of the instrument by panel of experts, to determine the reliability coefficient using Cronbach alpha coefficients were obtained for all sections of the questionnaire over 0.81 were calculated. Method of research was descriptive and correlative. Based on the results, research activities, job motivation, academic rank, social and cultural activity can explain 65.7% of variance of knowledge management. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Analyzing Attitude of Rural Cooperatives Managers in Khouzestan Province toward Electronic Commerce
Elahe Kiani Azadeh N. Noorivandi

The purpose of this research was analyzing attitude of rural cooperatives managers in Khouzestan province toward electronic commerce, Iran. The research method was correlative descriptive. The population of this study included rural cooperatives managers in Khuzestan pr More

The purpose of this research was analyzing attitude of rural cooperatives managers in Khouzestan province toward electronic commerce, Iran. The research method was correlative descriptive. The population of this study included rural cooperatives managers in Khuzestan province. The total number of members was 101 people. Due to the limited population, census method was used. Questionnaire reliability was estimated by calculating Cronbach’s alpha and it was appropriate for this study. There was between 0.771 to 0.842. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). To reach the research objectives, appropriate statistical procedures for description were used. Data analysis was carried out through data description and data inferential analysis. The results of research showed the correlation between level of education, creativity, technical requirements, social requirements, educational requirements, managerial requirements, economical requirements, political requirements, age and attitude toward electronic commerce in rural cooperatives was significant. Also the result of regression analysis by stepwise method indicated level of education, creativity, attitude to technical requirements, social requirements, educational requirements, managerial requirements, economical requirements, political requirements and age may well explain for 61.9% changes (R2 = 0.619) in attitude of managers. Manuscript profile

List of articles (by subject) Agricultural Education