بررسی فیتوشیمیایی اسانس گیاه Prangos ferulacea Lindl. در رویشگاه‌های مختلف شهرستان دلفان

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی

امیر میرزایی موسی وند ¹ (استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه لرستان)

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/04/11 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/09/01 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/09/01

کلید واژه: اسانس, فیتوشیمیایی, Prangos ferulacea Lindl, شهرستان دلفان,

چکیده مقاله :

جاشیر (Prangos ferulacea Lindl.) گیاهی است پایا، بلند و معطر متعلق به تیره چتریان است. بخش‌های هوایی گیاه مذکور اواسط خردادماه سال 1394 در مرحله گلدهی از سه رویشگاه حرنا، دروزناب و سمسانه (به‌ترتیب با 2450، 2200 و 2150 متر ارتفاع از سطح دریا) در ارتفاعات شمال شرق شهرستان دلفان جمع‌آوری گردید و پس از خشک کردن گیاه در سایه، اسانس‌گیری با روش تقطیر با آب صورت گرفت. اجزای اسانس با استفاده از دستگاه‌های کروماتوگرافی گازی (GC) و کروماتوگرافی گازی متصل به طیف‌سنج جرمی (GC/MS) تجزیه و تحلیل و شناسایی شدند. از آزمون تجزیه واریانس و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون به‌ترتیب برای مقایسه خصوصیات خاک رویشگاه‌ها و شاخصه‌های کمی و کیفی اسانس استحصالی و همچنین نحوه پیوند میان شاخصه‌های خاک و اسانس حاصله استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که عملکرد متوسط اسانس از سه رویشگاه حرنا، دروزناب و سمسانه به‌ترتیب 2/0، 2/0 و 3/0 درصد می‌باشد. شش ترکیب شیمیایی آلفا-پینن (77/59 درصد)، اکساید کریوفیلن (14/49 درصد)، ترانس کریوفیلن (65/31 درصد)، آلفا-فنیل (63/26 درصد)، آلفا-هومولن (65/5 درصد) و آلفا-کوپن (09/5 درصد) از مهم‌ترین ترکیبات غالب و مشترک در هر سه رویشگاه بودند. آنالیز تجزیه واریانس نشان داد در رویشگاه سمسانه مقدار نیتروژن، اسیدیته و ماده آلی نسبت به سایر رویشگاه‌ها بیشتر بود و دارای اختلاف معنی‌دار با آن‌ها می‌باشد. نتایج همبستگی پیرسون نشان داد که بین اکثر شاخص‌ها و عوامل ادافیکی همبستگی معنی‌داری وجود دارد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Prangos ferulacea Lindl. is a persistent, tall and aromatic plant belonging to the family Apiacea. The aerial parts of the plant were collected in three flowering sites of Harena, Derouzenab and Samsane at mid-June, 2015 (2450, 2200 and 2150 m above sea level, respectively), and after drying the plant in the shade of the essential oil, it was distilled with water. The essential oil components were analyzed using GC and GC/MS. ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to compare soil properties of habitats and quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the essential oil, and evaluate the relationship between soil characteristics and the essential oil obtained respectively. The results showed that the average essential oil yields from the three sites of Harena, Derouzenab and Samsane were 0.2, 0.2 and 0.3%, respectively. Comparison of the active ingredients showed that the six chemical compounds α-pinene (59.77%), cryophyllene oxide (49.14%), trans-cryophyllene (31.65%), α-Fenchyl (26.66%), α -Humulene (5.65%) and α -Copaene (5.09%) were the most dominant and common compounds in all three habitats. The Pearson correlation between the soil data and the chemical and index components showed that there was a significant correlation between most of the indices and adaphic factors.

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