شناسایی و رتبه‌بندی عوامل استرس‌زای شغلی نیروی انسانی در میان کارکنان آتش‌نشانی: یک مطالعه موردی از صنعت نفت و گاز
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت صنعتی
سعید رازقی
1
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قباد حکمت
2
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مهناز زارعی
3
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1 - دانشیار، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران
2 - گروه مهندسی ایمنی، بهداشت و محیط زیست، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه مهندسی صنایع، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران
کلید واژه: آتش‌نشان, رویکرد اولویت ترتیبی, صنایع نفت و گاز, عوامل استرس‌زای شغلی, منابع انسانی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش حاضر شناسایی و رتبه‌بندی عوامل استرس‌زای شغلی در میان کارکنان آتش‌نشانی شرکت پالایشگاه لاوان است. پژوهش حاضر از نوع کاربردی و به روش توصیفی-تحلیلی انجام شده است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق شامل آتش‌نشانان و کارشناسان ارشد شرکت پالایشگاه لاوان است که به‌طور مستقیم در عملیات آتش‌نشانی شرکت دارند. جهت گردآوری داده‌ها، از پرسشنامه‌های استاندارد دلفی فازی و اولویت‌بندی ترتیبی استفاده شده است. در ابتدا به منظور نهایی سازی عوامل، با مرور ادبیات فهرستی از عوامل اصلی و فرعی اولیه شناسایی و با روش گلوله برفی، تیم خبره تشکیل شد. در ادامه با استفاده از روش دلفی فازی، نظرات اعضای تیم خبره احتساب و 30 عامل فرعی مؤثر در قالب چهار عامل اصلی مدیریتی و سازمانی، عملیاتی (شرایط کاری)، فردی و بین فردی نهایی شدند. سپس، برای رتبه‌بندی عوامل اصلی و فرعی از رویکرد اولویت ترتیبی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که بعد عملیاتی (شرایط کاری)، بعد مدیریتی و سازمانی و بعد فردی به ترتیب اهمیت اول تا سوم عوامل اصلی را دارند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که دود و گازهای سمی تولیدشده در آتش‌سوزی، گرمای تولیدشده از آتش، کار در ارتفاع، ترس از انفجار در صحنه‌های حادثه که همگی جزو عامل اصلی بعد عملیاتی (شرایط کاری) هستند، به ترتیب رتبه اول تا چهارم عوامل فرعی را دارند. این یافته‌ها می‌تواند به مدیران منابع انسانی و مسئولان در کاهش استرس شغلی آتش‌نشانان و بهبود شرایط کاری آن‌ها کمک کرده و بر بهبود توسعه منابع انسانی در این حوزه تأثیرگذار باشد.
This study aims to identify and rank job stressors among firefighting personnel at Lavan Refinery Company. The research is applied in nature and employs a descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population includes firefighters and senior experts of LRC who are directly involved in firefighting operations. To collect data, standardized fuzzy Delphi and ordinal priority ranking questionnaires were used. Initially, a list of primary and secondary stressors was identified through a literature review, and a panel of experts was formed using the snowball sampling method. Subsequently, using the fuzzy Delphi method, expert opinions were gathered, finalizing 30 secondary stressors categorized into four main dimensions: managerial and organizational, operational (working conditions), individual, and interpersonal. Then, the ordinal priority approach was applied to rank the main and secondary stressors. The results indicated that the operational (working conditions) dimension ranked as the most significant, followed by the managerial and organizational, and individual dimensions. Additionally, the findings showed that toxic smoke and gases from fires, heat generated by fire, working at heights, and the fear of explosions at incident scenes—all classified under the operational (working conditions) dimension—were ranked as the top four secondary stressors. These findings can assist human resource managers and officials in mitigating firefighters' job stress, improving their working conditions, and contributing to the development of human resources in this field.
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