مقایسه نقش آفرینی مدیران زن و مرد تشکل های زیست محیطی در تحقق اهداف توسعه پایدار (مطالعه موردی استان مرکزی )
محورهای موضوعی :
توسعه پایدار
رؤیا حسن زاده
1
,
محمد حسین اسدی داود آبادی
2
,
علی روشنایی
3
1 - دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی جامعه شناسی مسائل اجتماعی ایران، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد آشتیان ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آشتیان، ایران .
2 - استادیار گروه علوم اجتماعی ، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد آشتیان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آشتیان، ایران . ( استاد راهنما و نویسنده مسئول)
3 - استادیار گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد آشتیان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آشتیان، ایران . (استاد مشاور )
تاریخ دریافت : 1399/06/11
تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/11/09
تاریخ انتشار : 1400/07/01
کلید واژه:
تشکل های زیست محیطی,
توسعه پایدار,
اهداف زیست محیطی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: این تحقیق در حوزه جامعه شناسی محیط زیست انجام گرفته است. در مبانی نظری به رابطه میان انسان و طبیعت برای دست یابی به توسعه پایدار پرداخته شده و صاحب نظران جامعه شناسی اندیشه های خود را بیان داشته اند. هدف از انجام تحقیق مقایسه نقش آفرینی مدیران زن و مرد تشکل های زیست محیطی در تحقق اهداف توسعه پایدار بوده است.روش بررسی: این مطالعه به لحاظ جمع آوری داده ها توصیفی پیمایشی محسوب می شود. در این راستا تعداد 91 نفر از مدیران فعال در عرصه های زیست محیطی استان مرکزی در سال 1399 به پرسشنامه های تحقیق پاسخ دادند. روش تحلیل داده ها بهره گیری از آمار توصیفی ، آزمون t با دو گروه مستقل بوده است که از طریق نرم افزار spss انجام گرفت.یافته ها: مدیران زن تشکل های زیست محیطی در عرصه های، پایدار نمودن شهرها، مبارزه با تغییرات آب و هوایی، انرژی ارزان، و توانمندسازی زنان نسبت به گروه مردان برتری داشته اند ولی در موارد حفاظت از زیست بوم ها، حفاظت از دریاها، تضمین الگوی مصرف و بهره برداری بهینه از آب و فاضلاب با گروه مردان برابری نموده اند. در ضمن در این مطالعه تعداد مدیران زن یک دوم مردان بوده است. بنابراین گروه زنان موفق تر از مردان در تحقق اهداف توسعه پایدار عمل کرده بودند.بحث و نتیجه گیری: جامعه انسانی و جهان طبیعی در رویارویی اقتصادی با یکدیگر قرار دارند، از آنجا که محیط زیست یک برساخت اجتماعی است. حل و فصل مسائل زیست محیطی و تحقق اهداف توسعه پایدار زیست محیطی از طریق تلاش جمعی با مشارکت زنان و مردان امکان پذیر می گردد. غلبه بر بحران های زیست محیطی و استفاده بهینه از منابع طبیعی از طریق بازسازی فرایندهای تولید و مصرف با انگیزه های زیست محیطی ممکن می گردد. محیط زیست گرایی تحت دو نوع ارزش بقا و ارزش فرامادی شکل می گیرد؛ و ارزش فرامادی در مفاهیمی چون حفاظت از محیط زیست، کیفیت زندگی، رفتار اخلاقی زیست محیطی بروز و ظهور دارد. توسعه پایدار نیز در گرو پرداختن به ارزش های فرامادی است. در قلمرو تحقیق مشاهده گردید به ارزش های مادی بیش از ارزش های فرامادی توجه شده است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Purpose: This research has been done in the field of environmental sociology. Theoretically, the relationship between man and nature to achieve sustainable development is addressed and experts of sociology have expressed their thoughts. This research aimed to compare the role of male and female managers of environmental organizations in achieving the goals of sustainable development.Material and Methodology: This study is a descriptive survey in terms of data collection. 91 active managers in environmental fields of Markazi province in 2020 answered the research questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test with two independent groups. SPSS software was used for this purpose.Results: Female managers of environmental organizations have excelled over men in the areas of urban sustainability, climate change, cheap energy, and women's empowerment but in cases of protection of ecosystems, protection of the seas, ensuring the pattern of consumption and optimal utilization of water and wastewater, they are equal to the group of men. Meanwhile, in this study, the number of female managers was one-half that of men. Thus, the group of women were more successful than men in achieving the goals of sustainable development.Discussion and Conclusion: Human society and the natural world are in economic confrontation with each other because the environment is a social construct. Resolving environmental issues and achieving the goals of sustainable environmental development is possible through collective efforts with the participation of men and women. By reconstructing production and consumption processes with environmental motivations, environmental crises and the optimal use of natural resources can be overcome. Environmentalism is formed under two types of survival value and metamaterial value and metamaterial value manifests itself in concepts such as environmental protection, quality of life, and environmental moral behavior. Sustainable development also depends on addressing transcendental values. In the field of research, it was observed that material values have been paid more attention than metamaterial values.
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G.T.Conceptual in the field of collective behavior,In H.m. Blalock (ed). Sociological theory and research:A Critical appraisal.New York: the Free press. 1980.
Hanigan, John. Environmental sociology;2006. Translated by Musa Anbari and Anwar Mohammadi. Tehran: University of Tehran Press.2016.
Parsons,TAction theory and the human condition New York: the free press. 1978.
Irwin, Allen. Environmental sociology. Translated by Sadegh Salehi. Babolsar: University of Mazandaran. 2014.
Ajzen,I.&Fishbein,M.Understanding attitude and predicting social behavior. Englewood cliffs, NJ.Prentice Hall. 1980.
Froutan Kia, Shahrooz; Nawah, Abdul Reza. Environmental sociology. Tehran: Andisheh Ehsan Publications. 2018.
Molyneux, Maxine Gender and the silence of social capital :lessons from latin America. Development and chang. 2002.33 (2).167-188.
walhagen,Marita.Gender differences in Environmental perspectives among urban design professionals.Development,University of Gavle Sweden. 2018.
Companions, Azin. Iran and sustainable development, the global determination of the current generation for the well-being of the present and the future. 2017. On 1/4/1398. From: www.irna.ir
Damghani, Maryam; Abdoli, Gholamreza; Bahmanpour, Hooman. Recognizing the views of environmental experts and activists on the legal status and role of environmental NGOs (NGos) in the country. Bi-monthly research in the art of humanities. 2017. 20 (4) consecutive 6. 21-9.
Soleimanpour Omran; Nouri, Alireza. Investigating the relationship between green management and environmental behavior of school principals and deputies in North Khorsan province. Journal of Environmental Science - Extension. 2018. (61) .36-25.
Salehi, Sadegh; Kabiri, Afshar; Karimzadeh, Sara. Investigating the role of gender in environmental orientations. Quarterly Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2016, 18 (1). 161-149.
Shokohian, Mohammad. environmental engineering. Theoretical foundations and scientific applications. Mashhad: Imam Reza University Press. 2017.
Nawabakhsh, Mehrdad; Sabeti, Maryam; Modarreszadeh, style. The role of women in sustainable urban development with emphasis on clean energy (Case study of Tehran). Seventh International Conference on Economics and Management in Sweden. Dalarna State University. 2016.
Environmental Protection Agency. Introducing NGOs in the provinces of the country. 2018.Deputy of Public Participation on 5/4/2019. From: www.department of environment.
Lahijanian, Akram al-Muluk; Arjmandi, Reza; Muharram Nejad, Nasser; Jamshidi Deljoo, Mojtaba. A Study of the Structure and Performance of Environmental Non-Governmental Organizations and Their Role in the Urban Development Process of Markazi Province Quarterly Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2010.12 (3). 111-101.
Soleimanpour Imran, Mahboubeh; Alidadi, Fariba; Soodagar, Hamid Reza. Globalization, Politics, and Environmental Literacy: A Historical Series for Schools and Environmental Theorists. Journal of Environmental Science - Extension. 2017. (58) .56-43.
Potrich,Louise. A. Systematic Literature Review on Firm- Level proactive Environmental management. Journal of environmental management. 2019. (243).273-286.
Liu,Tiansen ;Liang,DapengThe antecedent and performance of environmental managers’proactive pollution reduction behavior in Chinese manufacturing firms:insight from the proactive behavior theory.journal of environmental management. 2019. 327-342.
Florini,Ann. Collaborative governance for the sustainable development goals.Wiley Asia & the pacific policy studies. 2018.
Alt,Elisa;SpitzeckImproving environmental performance through unit-level organizational citizenship behavior for the environment:A Capability perspective. Journal of environmental management. 2016. (182).48-58.
Nguyent Phan, Thanh;Baird,KevinThe comprehensiveness of environmental management systems: The influence of institutional pressures and the impact on environmental performance. Journal of Environmental Management. 2015 (160).45-56.
Maleki, Saeed; Saeedi, Jafar Investigation of environmental degradation and the position of urban environment in Iran's development programs. Quarterly Journal of Urban Management Studies. 2016. 8 (27). 92-69.
Asadi, Seyed Mohsen; Otadi, Nasrin. The role of public participation in the development of urban sustainability. Proceedings of the Sixth Conference of the Iranian Association of Environmental Specialists. Tehran: Iranian Association of Environmental Specialists. 2006.