بررسی روشهای مختلف عصاره‌گیری بر ویژگی‌های فیتوشیمیایی، آنتی¬اکسیدانی، ضد¬باکتریایی و ضدالتهابی گیاه کککش بیابانی ((Pulicaria gnaphalodes (Vent.) Boiss. در مراحل مختلف فنولوژی
محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی
محمد رضا سميعي
1
,
مجید شریفی راد
2
*
,
محمد ساراني راد
3
1 - گروه مرته و آبخيزداري دانشگاه زابل
2 - گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه زابل
3 - دانشکده علوم و فنون نوين دانشگاه تهران
کلید واژه: روشهای عصاره‌گیری فعالیت زیستی ماده مؤثره Pulicaria Gnaphalodes مراحل رشد,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسي اثر روشهاي مختلف عصارهگيري بر ميزان ترکيبات شيميايي، فعاليت آنتیاکسیدانی، ضدباکتریایی و ضدالتهابي گونه مرتعی کک کش بیابانی (Pulicaria gnaphalodes) در مراحل مختلف فنولوژی است. ميزان فنول کل، فلاونوئيد کل، تانن کل، آلکالوئيد کل و ساپونين کل با استفاده از روشهای استاندارد اندازهگیری شد. جهت ارزیابی فعاليت آنتياکسيداني عصارههای مختلف از روشهاي مهار رادیکالهای آزاد DPPH ،ABTS و احياء یونهای فريک (FRAP) استفاده شد. همچنین فعالیت ضد باکتریایی عصارههای مختلف به روشهاي انتشار ديسک، حداقل غلظت مهارکنندگی (MIC) و حداقل غلظت کشندگي (MBC) و فعاليت ضد التهابي عصارهها به روش پایداری غشای گلبول قرمز اندازهگیری شد. بيشترين ميزان فنول کل (5/67 میلیگرم اسید گالیک در گرم وزن خشک گياه)، فلاونوئید کل (3/37 میلیگرم معادل کوئرستین بر گرم وزن خشک گیاه)، تانن کل (3/45 میلیگرم معادل کاتچین در گرم وزن خشک گیاه)، آلکالوئید کل (2/75 میلیگرم معادل آتروپین در گرم وزن خشک گیاه) و ساپونین کل (3/284 میلیگرم معادل اسپین در گرم وزن خشک گیاه) در عصاره متانولی مرحله گلدهی گياه مورد مطالعه و کمترين مقادیر آنها در عصاره آبی مرحله فنولوژی بذردهی آن به ثبت رسید. نتایج مربوط به بررسی فعالیت آنتیاکسیدانی، ضدباکتريايي و ضدالتهابي عصارهها نشان داد که عصاره متانولی گیاه در مرحله گلدهی دارای بالاترین میزان فعالیت و عصاره آبی آن در مرحله بذردهي دارای کمترین میزان فعالیت آنتیاکسیدانی، ضدباکتريايي و ضدالتهابي است. به طور کلی و با در نظر گرفتن تمامی عصارهها میتوان بیان کرد که گونه مورد مطالعه در مرحله گلدهی از بالاترین میزان ترکیبات شیمیایی و فعالیت زیستی برخوردار است و عصاره متانولی و آبی گونه مورد مطالعه در مراحل مختلف فنولوژی به ترتیب دارای بیشترین و کمترین میزان ترکیبات شیمیایی و فعالیت زیستی بودند.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different extraction methods on the chemical compounds, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities of the Pulicaria gnaphalodes at different phenological stages.Total phenol, total flavonoid, total tannin, total alkaloid and total saponin were measured using standard methods. The antioxidant activity of different extracts was measured by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. Also, the antibacterial activity of different extracts was measured by disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods and the anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by human red blood cell stabilization method. The highest amounts of total phenol (67.5 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight), total flavonoids (37.3 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g dry weight), total tannins (45.3 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g dry weight), total alkaloids (75.2 mg atropine equivalent (AE)/g dry weight) and total saponins (284.3 mg escin equivalent (EE)/g dry weight) were recorded for methanolic extract of the studied plant at the flowering stage and their lowest amounts were related to its aqueous extract at the seeding stage. The results of the antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities showed that the methanolic extract obtained from the flowering stage has the highest antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities and the aqueous extract obtained from the seeding stage has the lowest antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. In general and considering all the extracts, it can be stated that the studied plant has the highest amount of chemical compounds and biological activity at the flowering stage and the methanolic and aqueous extracts of the studied plant at different phenological stages had the highest and lowest amount of chemical compounds and biological activity, respectively.
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