BMP15 and GDF9 are two oogenesis specific genes play a pivotal role in female fertility in mammals and potential for improvement of prolificacy in marker-assisted selection. The aim of present research was to investigate the variation and association between BMP15 and GDF9 polymorphism and litter size in Markhoz goats. The sequence variability of the different amplified fragments utilized for genotyping was further investigated by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and sequencing. Sequencing technology allowed the detection of two nucleotide variations: A both non-functional mutation (G/A) transition at nt 1026 known as P3) and a synonymous mutation at 1049 position which for the first time was found at the BMP15 gene. Also, GDF9 gene exhibited a polymorphism on BcnI site (1159 bp) within exon 2 of amplified PCR products (glutamine/proline). Our analysis using general linear model (GLM) statistical methods showed litter size was significantly influenced by genotypes of GDF9 (P<0.01). Heterozygous genotype showed higher litter size than homozygous genotypes (P<0.01). The conformation of this founding would need large sample size and test to screen in other indigenous goats. پرونده مقاله

Parentage testing is an important tool in farm animals for genetically determining the accuracy of pedigree information. The objective of the current study was to implication of multiplexing 14 microsatellite markers for routine parentage testings. The twenty-four lambs were crossbred of Ghazel × Baluchi, Ghazel × Baluchi × Merinos, and Baluchi × Moghani × Merinos breeds. The genomic DNA was extracted from the whole blood samples and genotyped using fragment analysis method. The highest and the reproducible multiplex group appeared by grouping ILSTS0049, MCM512, BMC1009, BM148 and CSSM032 loci in 5-plex reaction. The markers were first evaluated based on the number of alleles, allelic frequency, polymorphism information content (PIC), expected heterozygosity (HE), observed heterozygosity (HO) and the individual exclusion probability using popgene and cervus software. The average heterozygosity, polymorphism index content (PIC) and number of alleles per loci were 0.60, 0.58 and 4.93, respectively. The total exclusion probability of 14 microsatellite loci was 0.9999 in the population by compatibility according to the Mendelian fashion. The pedigree was considered incorrect in one out of all the evaluated progeny, as the genotype of that progeny did not match to any of its parents. The results of our study suggest the multiplex microsatellite panel a fast, robust, reliable, and economically efficient tool to verify the parentage and hence it can be used in the routine parentage testing in sheep. پرونده مقاله

The objective of the present study was to determine polymorphism within the promoter region of somatotropin receptor genes in indigenous Sistani cattle (Bos indicus) and associations between this polymorphism and breeding value of birth weight. The pedigree structure was included by considering 1173 animals with 600 progeny birth weight data obtained from a Zhark breeding station in Sistan and Baluchistan. Heritability was estimated for birth weight using different univariate models with the derivative-free approach of restricted maximum likelihood algorithm (DFREML). The average weight of each birth was 23.9 ± 3.16 kg. The effects of non-genetic factors were significant (P<0.01) for birth weight. Direct heritabilities (h2) in single trait analyses were 0.31 ± 0.06. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood and semen using conventional methods. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assays were used to genotype this candidate gene in 72 individuals with the birth weight record. The observed allele size was similar to that reported in the literature. The Sistani cattle showed higher frequency of alleles ALuI (+) than ALuI (-) in population. Statistical analysis was conducted to test the association of this polymorphism with the breeding value of birth weight data. There was not significant association between producing genotypes and birth weight trait. Future research on another candidate gene and growth trait strongly is encouraged to deep in the understanding of growth pattern in this breed. پرونده مقاله