بررسی و تحلیل پراکنش خدمات شهری با رویکرد عدالت فضایی در کلانشهر اهواز (با استفاده از تکنیک ادغام)

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

سعید امانپور ¹ (دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران)
سعید ملکی ² (دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران)
نبی الله حسینی شه پریان ³ (کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1394/06/19 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/01/31 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/01/01

کلید واژه: خدمات, شهر اهواز, عدالت فضایی, تکنیک ادغام,

چکیده مقاله :

      توزیع فضایی عادلانۀ امکانات و منابع بین مناطق مختلف شهری و دستیابی برابر شهروندان به آنها مترادف با عدالت اجتماعی است، زیرا عدم توزیع ناعادلانه منجر به ایجاد بحران­های اجتماعی و مشکلات پیچیدۀ فضایی و توزیع عادلانه نیز زمینه ساز توسعۀ متوازن مناطق شهری خواهد شد. بنابراین، پراکنش بهینۀ و اصولی خدمات و امکانات شهری، منطبق با عدالت اجتماعی، در فرآیند برنامه­ریزی شهری از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی و تحلیل پراکنش خدمات شهری با رویکرد عدالت فضایی در سطح مناطق 7 گانه شهر اهواز است. پژوهش حاضر از نوع کاربردی و از نظر روش، ترکیبی از روش‌های توصیفی– تحلیلی است و در گردآوری داده‌ها از شیوه‌ی کتابخانه‌ای و اسنادی استفاده ‌شده است. جهت رسیدن به اهداف، 14 شاخص تعیین‌کننده خدمات عمومی انتخاب‌ شده‌اند. سپس با استفاده از نظرات کارشناسان اقدام به میزان اهمیت شاخص‌ها در محیط فازی شد. برای تحلیل و رتبه‌بندی مناطق شهری از منظر برخورداری از خدمات عمومی از مدل‌های تصمیم‌گیری چند معیار شامل تاپسیس فازی و ویکور و برای رسیدن به یک نتیجه‌ی واحد از تحلیل داده‌ها در مدل‌های مختلف، از تکنیک ادغام (میانگین وزن‌ها، روش بردا و کپ لند) استفاده ‌شده است. تجزیه‌وتحلیل شاخص‌ها بیانگر آن است که مناطق 3 و 4 تقریباً در همه مدل‌های مورد استفاده، برخوردارترین مناطق و مناطق 6 و 7 پایین ترین برخورداری را از خدمات شهری دارند. همچنین یافته­ها حاکی از آن است که شاخص­های مذهبی، ورزشی و آموزشی در سطح مناطق نسبت به دیگر شاخص­ها از تعادل بیشتری برخودار هستند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

     Social justice refers to the fair distribution of resources when people can equally access to them. While the unfair distribution results in social crisis and complex spatial problems, the fair distribution leads to the balanced development of urban areas. Therefore, the principled and optimal distribution of facilities and resources is the great significance in urban planning. The aim of this applied research is to investigate the distribution of public services from the spatial justice perspective in 7’s zone of Ahvaz. In the present study, the researcher employed a descriptive-analytic approach and data were collected via library and documentary research from 14 determinative indices of public services. Based on the experts’ points of view, the researcher prioritized indices in the FUZZY model. FTOPSIS and VIKOR models were used for ranking different regions in terms of their use of public services. Afterwards, the researcher employed the triangulation study to obtain a unified result from the data that had been analyzed in different models (i.e., FUZZY, FTOPSIS and VIKOR). The results revealed that public services were widely accessible to the areas of 3 and 4; however, the areas of 6 and 7 had been determined to have the less access to them. The findings also suggest that indicators such as religious, athletic and trainingin in areas are more balanced than the other indicators.

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