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Open Access Article
1 - Optimization of biomass production by probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnonsus at pilot-plant scale
Maryam Armand Mohammad Faezi Ghasemi Mohammad Reza Fazeli Mirsassan MirpourBackground & objectives: Probiotics play a very important role in improving the normal intestinal flora and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract and are also important for therapeutic purposes. This study aimed to optimize biomas MoreBackground & objectives: Probiotics play a very important role in improving the normal intestinal flora and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract and are also important for therapeutic purposes. This study aimed to optimize biomass production by Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC53103 (GG) using the experimental design process. Materials and Methods: In this study, the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus was used. Plackett-Burman design method was used for the optimization. Fermentations in basal and optimized cultures were performed in 1300 liter Parspad Company's fermenters. Results: The results showed that beet molasses, glucose, and casein have the greatest effect on biomass production by Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Glucose with casein and beet molasses have a synergistic effect and increasing the concentration of glucose with increasing the concentration of two other factors increases the production of the biomass. Based on the results obtained, after optimization, the optimal culture medium for biomass production by Lactobacillus rhamnosus has the following compounds g/L-1: glucose 112.50, beet molasses 56.25, casein 18.75, yeast extract 18.75, K2HPO4 13.13, Tween 80 1.88, MgSO4. 7H2O 0.3750, MnSO4. 4H2O 0.0750, CaCl2. 2H2O 0.1875 and Simethicone1.25. The biomass production in optimized conditions was increased more than 2-folds higher than the basal medium. Conclusion: Biomass production by Lactobacillus rhamnosus on a semi-industrial scale was carried out in 1300 liters fermentors. Therefore, the results of this study can be used in the industrial production of Lactobacillus rhamnosus biomass. Also, commercial production under fed-batch and continuous culture conditions is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Bacterial community structure in saline sediments from hypersaline wetland in south of Halghe Dare hills, Alborz province
Seyed Sina Seyedpour Layalestani Mahmoud Shavandi Azam Haddadi Mohammad Ali Amoozegar Seyed Mohammad Mehdi DastgheibBackground & Objectives: Survey of bacterial community structure in hypersaline ecosystems and identification of novel halophilic species can be very important from biotechnological and ecological aspects. In this study, we survey bacterial community structure in se MoreBackground & Objectives: Survey of bacterial community structure in hypersaline ecosystems and identification of novel halophilic species can be very important from biotechnological and ecological aspects. In this study, we survey bacterial community structure in sediments from saline wetland in south of Halghe Dare hills as one of the hypersaline ecosystems in Alborz province. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed by sampling from saline wetland in south of Halghe Dare hills in June 2018. Isolation of heterotrophic bacteria was conducted using R2A agar medium. After differentiation of isolates based on morphological and biochemical characteristics, identification and phylogenetic relationships analysis of selected isolates were performed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis using NCBI databases and bioinformatics softwares. The Illumina next-generation sequencing was also applied to survey bacterial diversity by cultivation-independent method. Results: Isolates included 13 species belonging to 8 genera including Bacillus (31.25%), Halomonas 25%, Gracilibacillus (12.50%), Virgibacillus (6.25%), Streptomyces (6.25%), Nitratireductor (6.25%), staphylococcus (6.25%) and Planococcus (6.25%). Illumina sequencing showed that Aneurinibacillus migulanus and Paenibacillus polymyxa were dominant species insoil sample. Conclusion: The results showed that the microbial population of the studied wetland is similar to the community of the wetlands reported in other parts of the world and dominated by halotolerant and halophilic species. Presence of various bacterial species and some probable novel taxonomic groups in saline wetland in south of Halghe Dare hills presents a new genetic and microbial source for future studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Optimization of Culture Conditions and Carotenoid Pigments production by Micrococcus spp. And Rhodotorula spp.
maryam Zohari abbass Akhvansepahy kumarss aminiBackground & Objectives:Biological sources of pigments receive major attention nowadays because of the stringent rules and regulations applied to chemically synthesized pigments. The aims of this study were isolating carotenoids producing Micrococcus spp < em> MoreBackground & Objectives:Biological sources of pigments receive major attention nowadays because of the stringent rules and regulations applied to chemically synthesized pigments. The aims of this study were isolating carotenoids producing Micrococcus spp < em>. and Rhodotorula spp. from soil sources, optimizing the culture conditions for biomass and carotenoids production and its identification. Materials and Methods: Carotenoid producing strains, M. luteus and R. mucilaginosa, were isolated from the soil and sediment samples in Kerman Province, Iran; they were identified using 16SrDNA analysis. Optimum conditions for biomass and carotenoids production were determined. FT-IR and spectrophotometry analysis showed high similarity of extracted pigments with carotenoids. Results: The optimum temperature of growth and pigment production was 25º C. for both of bacteria and yeasts. The optimum pH for bacteria was 7 and for yeasts 6.5. 1% of carbon source for both of them was the optimum condition while about nitrogen source, 2% for bacteria and 1% for yeasts were the optimum condition for growth and pigment production. Conclusion:Microorganisms presented in this study can be used as potential sources of commercial carotenoids production in Kerman, Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Isolation of fluorene degrading microorganisms from sediments of the Southern Caspian Sea Coasts and evaluation of their bioremediation potential
Ehteram Sadat Rahimi Jamshid Fooladi gholamhossein ebrahimipour Mohammad Reza Soudi Tayebeh FooladiBackground and Objectives: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are one of the most important environmental pollutants. Bioremediation using microorganisms is a cost-effective and safe method for the removal or conversion of these pollutants to less toxic substances. This s MoreBackground and Objectives: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are one of the most important environmental pollutants. Bioremediation using microorganisms is a cost-effective and safe method for the removal or conversion of these pollutants to less toxic substances. This study aimed to isolate and introduce fluorene-degrading microorganisms from the southern coast of the Caspian Sea. Materials and Methods: The mixed microbial culture enrichment and isolation was done in salt-based culture medium containing fluorene. The qualitative analysis of fluorene degradation in the solid basal salt medium was investigated. The rate of fluorene removal by the isolated mixed microbial culture was also determined using gas chromatography in a liquid salt base medium. The molecular identification of the fungal and bacterial isolates was performed using the sequential analysis of the ITS protected region and 16S rRNA sequencing, respectively. Results: The mixed microbial culture including bacterial isolates (belonging to the genus Pseudomonas, Acromobacter, Chryseobacterium, Microbacterium, and Rhodococcus) and fungal isolate (belonging to the genus Fusarium) was enriched and isolated. Chromatographic analysis showed that the mixed microbial culture was able to degrade 87% of fluorene (200 mg / l ) in a basal salt medium at 30 °C, pH 7 and 7 days of incubation. Conclusion: According to the results, the mixed microbial can remove a large amount of fluorene from the basal salt medium under the mentioned conditions and it is possible that under a similar situation, it can remove a large amount of fluorene from the contaminated area through bioremediation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Chromium bioremediation by Pseudomonas plecoglossicid and mesoporous silica nanoparticles from oil contaminated soils
mahdi Shahriarinour Shahghayegh Talebsarbazi Faten Divsar Background & Objectives: The presence of cytotoxic and carcinogenic heavy metals such as Chromium in industrial wastewater is an important pollution for agricultural soils and natural water sources. The aim of study was to evaluate chromium removal with More Background & Objectives: The presence of cytotoxic and carcinogenic heavy metals such as Chromium in industrial wastewater is an important pollution for agricultural soils and natural water sources. The aim of study was to evaluate chromium removal with a bacterium isolate form contaminated soil compared to mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Materials and methods: In this study, for isolate chromium decomposing bacteria, soil were sampled from different of contaminated beach of Kiashahr. Preliminary identification of the isolated strains was done based on biochemical tests and then molecular identification of bacteria by 16SrRNA sequencing. Cr removal was evaluated with resistant strain and nanoparticles by Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), individually. Results: Chromium-degrading bacteria were identified based on 16SrRNA analysis and 99% homology of Pseudomonas pelicoglucida. Removal of chromium by mesoporous silica nanoparticles at a concentration of 300 μg / ml was higher than the isolated strain of Pseudomonas pelicoglucida and showed a removal rate of up to 75%. However, by increasing the concentration of chromium by more than 600 micrograms per milliliter, the ability of bacteria to remove chromium from mesoporous silica nanoparticles showed better results by 80% to 72% chromium removal. Conclusion: Results indicated Pseudomonas pelicoglucida and nanoparticles can be used to remove chromium from contaminated soils and waters. It is also recommended to use chromium-removing bacteria and nano-adsorbents to remove chromium at the same time to increase the efficiency of chromium removal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Skin drug release and antifungal activity of econazole-containing silica nanoparticles
maryam montazeri Saman Ahmad Nasrollahi Alireza Feizbakhsh, , Mehdi Razzaghi-AbyanehBackground & Objectives: Silica Nanoparticles (MCM41) are silica mesopores (MSNs), which have large pores and relatively low density. The purpose of this study was to load Econazole onto silica nanoparticles (MCM41-NH2 and MCM41) And release of econazole in human sk MoreBackground & Objectives: Silica Nanoparticles (MCM41) are silica mesopores (MSNs), which have large pores and relatively low density. The purpose of this study was to load Econazole onto silica nanoparticles (MCM41-NH2 and MCM41) And release of econazole in human skin (Ex-Vivo) then the antifungal effect of loaded econazole on silica nanoparticles was investigated. Materials & Methods: In this study, MCM41 was prepared, then MCM41-NH2 nanoparticles were provided by using amine cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and finally, the drug econazole was loaded on it. The morphology of the nanoparticles was determined by SEM and drug loading by FT-IR. Francescell and UV-Vis were used to measure the release. The release cream from the skin containing 1/1 drug and nanoparticles was prepared. Finally, the anti-fungal effect of ECO/MSNs was investigated in three ways. Francescell device was also used to check skin release. Results: Silica nanoparticles were prepared about 300 nanometers Release of the drug into the skin showed that during the first 8 hours 80% release and then up to 24 hours of continuous drug release. Antifungal effect by disk diffusion method showed that ECO/MCM41 had a larger inhibitory effect and also minimal inhibition of fungal growth (MIC) 75 mg/ml. Antifungal tests showed that no fungus grew after 72 hours.the antifungal effect as well as ECO / MCM41 (MIC) was greater in methanol. Conclusion: The antifungal effect of the newest agar method was not suitable for this drug. Therefore, as a suitable drug in the cream, a drug loaded with methanol is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Optimization of nisin concentration in fermented beef sausage to decrease sodium nitrite concentration in the final product
Fatemeh Vaheb Nafiseh Sadat Naghavi Zarrindokht Emami-KarvaniBacteriocins such as nisin produced by lactic acid bacteria exhibit antimicrobial activity at very low concentrations without side effects. The aim of the present study was to optimize nisin content in fermented beef to achieve optimum pH and microbial community as well MoreBacteriocins such as nisin produced by lactic acid bacteria exhibit antimicrobial activity at very low concentrations without side effects. The aim of the present study was to optimize nisin content in fermented beef to achieve optimum pH and microbial community as well as reduction of nitrite concentration in the final product. In this experimental laboratory research, fermented beef was prepared using Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus sakei. Then, optimization of nisin and sodium nitrite concentrations were done by response surface methodology based on the pH decrease and spoilage causing microbial count in fermented product. Among treatments, 3 treatments with respectively 80 and 100 ppm sodium nistrit and nisin, 128.28 and 140 ppm sodium nitrite and nisin and 180 and 196 ppm sodium nistrit and nisin showed the best results based on pH and spoilage causing microbial count reduction. The residual nitrite contents in these three treatments reduced to 5.7 to 8.47 ppm, which were lower than the limited amount. Clostridium was absent in all three beef products after one mount storage at 4 °C. Addition of nisin to fermented beef significantly decreased the nitrite concentration. Therefore, the usage of nisin is recommended as a preservative in beef sausage industries in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Genetic diversity of Tomato leaf curl Palampur virus and its whitefly vector, Bemisia tabaci, in the Sistan region
javad abkhoo Ahmad MehrabanBackground & Objectives: Tomato leaf curl Palampurvirus (ToLCPMV) is one of the most important plant viruses that has been reported from some regions of Iran. In this study, we analysed the genetic diversity of Sistanian isolates of ToLCPMV and their vector, Bemisia MoreBackground & Objectives: Tomato leaf curl Palampurvirus (ToLCPMV) is one of the most important plant viruses that has been reported from some regions of Iran. In this study, we analysed the genetic diversity of Sistanian isolates of ToLCPMV and their vector, Bemisia tabaci by partial genome sequencing. Materials & Methods: Leaves of plants expressing symptoms of ToLCPMV infection and B. tabaci adults were collected from cities of the Sistan region during the autumn season of 2019. Specific primers of gene coat protein were used to detect ToLCPMV in three crops (melon, eggplant and pepper). Results: Nucleotide sequences of coat protein gene of three Sistanain isolates of ToLCPMV showed 92-99 % sequence identity with previously characterized ToLCPMV isolates. Phylogenetic analyses based on nucleotide sequences of coat protein gene indicated that in the Sistanian isolates of ToLCPMV grouped with other Iranian isolates. Eggplant and pepper represent new natural hosts of ToLCPMV in Iran. Phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase-I gene sequences showed that the collected B. tabaci samples from the Sistan region and other Iranian B. tabaci samples belong to the B biotype. Bemisia tabaci samplesof Zabol, Zahak and Helmand counties showed respectively 100, 97.75 and 99.68% nucleotide sequence identity to some from Fars province samples of B. tabaci. Conclusion: In this study, the Sistanain isolates of ToLCPMV were grouped with Iranian isolates of ToLCPMV and the collected B. tabaci samples from the Sistan region belong to the B biotype. Manuscript profile
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