Optimization of Culture Conditions and Carotenoid Pigments production by Micrococcus spp. And Rhodotorula spp.

Subject Areas : Microbial Biotechnology

maryam Zohari ¹ , abbass Akhvansepahy ² , kumarss amini ³

1 - Ph.D. Student, Department of biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Associate Professor of Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Sciences, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran

Received: 2020-08-04 Accepted : 2020-10-06 Published : 2020-11-21

Keywords: Spectrophotometry, FT-IR, Micrococcus luteus, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa,

Abstract :

Background & Objectives:Biological sources of pigments receive major attention nowadays because of the stringent rules and regulations applied to chemically synthesized pigments. The aims of this study were isolating carotenoids producing Micrococcus spp < em>. and Rhodotorula spp. from soil sources, optimizing the culture conditions for biomass and carotenoids production and its identification. Materials and Methods: Carotenoid producing strains, M. luteus and R. mucilaginosa, were isolated from the soil and sediment samples in Kerman Province, Iran; they were identified using 16SrDNA analysis. Optimum conditions for biomass and carotenoids production were determined. FT-IR and spectrophotometry analysis showed high similarity of extracted pigments with carotenoids. Results: The optimum temperature of growth and pigment production was 25º C. for both of bacteria and yeasts. The optimum pH for bacteria was 7 and for yeasts 6.5.  1% of carbon source for both of them was the optimum condition while about nitrogen source, 2% for bacteria and 1% for yeasts were the optimum condition for growth and pigment production. Conclusion:Microorganisms presented in this study can be used as potential sources of commercial carotenoids production in Kerman, Iran.

References:

1. Milani A, Basirnejad M, Shahbazi S, Bolhassani A. Carotenoids: biochemistry, pharmacology
   and treatment. Br J Pharmacol. 2017;174(11):1290-324.
   2. Mohana D, Thippeswamy S, Abhishe R. Antioxidant, antibacterial, and ultraviolet-protective
   properties of carotenoids isolated from Micrococcus spp. Radiation Protection and
   Environment. 2013;36(4):168-74.
   3. Maria A , raziano R, Nicolantonio DO. Carotenoids: potential allies of cardiovascular
   health? Food Nutr Res. 2015;59(1):26762.
   4. Hashimoto H, Uragami C, Cogdell RJ. Carotenoids and photosynthesis. Carotenoids in
   Nature: Springer; 2016. p. 111-39.
   5. Netzer R, Stafsnes MH, Andreassen T, oksøyr A, Bruheim P, Brautaset T. Biosynthetic
   pathway for γ-cyclic sarcinaxanthin in Micrococcus luteus: Heterologous expression and
   evidence for diverse and multiple catalytic functions of C50 carotenoid cyclases. J Bacteriol.
   2010;192(21):5688-99.
   6. Benjamin S, Surekha P, Dhanya P. Micrococcus luteus Strain BAA2, A Novel Isolate
   Produces Carotenoid Pigment. Electronic J Biol.12(1).
   
   7. olmeh M, Khamiri M, haemi E, RamezanPour S. Antimicrobial Activity of Carotenoid
   Pigments Extracted from Micrococcus roseus. Modares Journal of Biotechnology. 2018;9
   (4):565-70.
   8. olmeh M, Khomeiri M, horbani M, haemi E, Ramezanpour SS. High efficiency pigment
   production from Micrococcus roseus (PTCC 1411) under ultraviolet irradiation. Biocatalysis
   and agricultural biotechnology. 2017;9:156-61.
   9. Barnett JA, Payne RW, arrow D. easts: characteristics and identification: Cambridge
   University Press; 1983.
   10. Silva LT. Evaluating the potential of yeast strains to produce added value products for the
   food and/or pharmaceutical industries 2015.
   11. Stafsnes MH. Characterization and exploitation of a marine microbial culture collection:
   –a special focus on carotenoid producing heterotrophic bacteria. 2013.
   12. Marova I, Carnecka M, Halienova A, Certik M, Dvorakova T, Haronikova A. Use of several
   waste substrates for carotenoid-rich yeast biomass production. J Environ Manage.
   2012;95:S338-S42.
   13. hao , uo L, Xia , huang X, Chu W. Isolation, Identification of Carotenoid-Producing
   Rhodotorula sp. from Marine Environment and Optimization for Carotenoid Production. Mar
   Drugs. 2019;17(3):161.
   14. oodwin TW. Chemistry and biochemistry of plant pigments: Academic Press; 1976.
   15. Song M-J, Bae J, Lee D-S, Kim C-H, Kim J-S, Kim S-W, et al. Purification and
   characterization of prodigiosin produced by integrated bioreactor from Serratia sp. KH-95. J
   Biosci Bioeng. 2006;101(2):157-61.
   16. Baskar , Madhanraj P, Kanimozhi K, Panneerselvam A. Characterization of carotenoids
   from selected strains of Streptomyces sp. Ann Biol Res. 2010;1(4):194-200.
   17. Rahimi MT, Sarvi S, Sharif M, Abediankenari S, Ahmadpour E, aladan R, et al. Molecular
   Cloning, Expression and Characterization of Plasmid Encoding Rhomboid 4 (ROM4) of
   Tachyzoite of Toxoplasma gondii RH Strain. Iranian journal of parasitology. 2017;12(4):498.
   18. Csepanyi E, Czompa A, Haines D, Lekli I, Bakondi E, Balla , et al. Cardiovascular effects of
   low versus high-dose beta-carotene in a rat model. Pharmacol Res. 2015;100:148-56.
   19. Muthezhilan R, Ragul R, Pushpam R, Narayanan RL, Hussain AJ. Isolation, optimization and
   extraction of microbial pigments from marine yeast Rhodotorula Sp (Amby109) as food
   colourants. Biosci Biotechnol Res Asia. 2014;11:271-8.
   20. Surekha P, Dhanya P, Sarath M, Pradeep S, Benjamin S. Micrococcus luteus strain BAA2, a
   novel isolate produces carotenoid pigment. Electronic J of Biology. 2016;12(1):83-9.
   21. Al-Wandawi H. Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Micrcoccus luteus rown in the Presence of
   Different Concentrations of Nicotine. International Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences &
   Technology. 2014;24(1).
   22. Elsanhoty R, Al-Turki AI, M.M A-R. Production of carotenoids from Rhodotorula
   mucilaginosa and their applications as colorant agent in sweet candy. 2017;15:21-6.
   23. Taskin M, Sisman T, Erdal S, Kurbanoglu EB. Use of waste chicken feathers as peptone for
   production of carotenoids in submerged culture of Rhodotorula glutinis MT-5. Eur Food Res
   Technol. 2011;233(4):657.
   24. Malisorn C, Suntornsuk W. Optimization of β-carotene production by Rhodotorula glutinis
   DM28 in fermented radish brine. Bioresour Technol. 2008;99(7):2281-7.
   25. Akinnibosun F, Omorodion S. Isolation and Characterization of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
   from Pesticide-Contaminated Agricultural Soils in Edo State, Nigeria. NISEB Journal.
   2017;16(1).
   26. Abbes M, Baati H, uermazi S, Messina C, Santulli A, harsallah N, et al. Biological
   properties of carotenoids extracted from Halobacterium halobium isolated from a Tunisian
   solar saltern. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013;13(1):255.
   27. Shree S, Prasad K , Arpitha H, Deepika U, Kumar KN, Mondal P, et al. β-carotene at
   physiologically attainable concentration induces apoptosis and down-regulates cell survival
   and antioxidant markers in human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. Mol Cell Biochem. 2017;436
   (1-2):1-12.
   28. ijay K, Sowmya PR-R, Arathi BP, Shilpa S, Shwetha HJ, Raju M, et al. Low-dose
   doxorubicin with carotenoids selectively alters redox status and upregulates oxidative
   stress-mediated apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Food Chem Toxicol. 2018;118:675-90.
   29. Heidari H. R. , Partovifar M. , and Memarpoor M., Evaluation of the Bioactive Potential of
   Secondary Metabolites Produced by a New Marine Micrococcus Species Isolated from the
   Persian ulf, Avicenna J Med Biotechnol. 2020 Jan-Mar; 12(1): 61–65.
   30. Mohammadi M., Pourbabayee A. A., Javadi A., 2015, Optimization of carotenoid pigment
   production by native strains Haloarchaea lipolitical, Journal of Microbial World, olume 8,
   No. 2 (in persian)