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Open Access Article
1 - Computational Linguistics: A Descriptive Approach towards its Uses and Techniques
Zolfa ImaniBased on Laclau and Mouffe's Discourse Theory, this study provides semantic systems of JCPOA-related discourse in the form of "Official / state" and "Conservative" discourse and their discursive battles, while Foregrounding / Backgrounding in field of language and media MoreBased on Laclau and Mouffe's Discourse Theory, this study provides semantic systems of JCPOA-related discourse in the form of "Official / state" and "Conservative" discourse and their discursive battles, while Foregrounding / Backgrounding in field of language and media discourses through Dichotomous Paradigms. Contents of six media outlets were assessed in Persian calendar 1394 till 14th Aban1397. The field of research is divided to Micro and Macro levels. In Macro, Discourses are analyzed on base of Laclau and Moufeh's Discourse Theory. In Micro, Text Analysis is held on base of Dichotomy as Seperated semiosis system. Seven dichotomous were recognized. The articulation of both discourses in media content engross of dichotomized representation of "foregrounding self" and "backgrounding the other". Official/State discourse takes "sanction lift" moment along with "good deal / bad deal" and also Foregrounding of "Transparency / Rent". This discourse tries to articulate its meaning system through Empty Signifiers. Conservative discourse defines Ideological discursive moments and focus its Nodal Points on Antagonistic relations in order to break its competitor's hegemonic domination of "Constructive interaction" and "Interaction / Confrontation. Both discourse employ signifier in rival's Field of Discursivity, for creating dichotomy, as well as employing floating signifiers after threat of JCPOA. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Attitude of International Media Outlets, Reuters, Bloomberg and Financial Times about Iran Oil Industry in Post Sanction ERA
Pooya Nematolahi Behrooz Kavehie Alireza SoltaniIran’s petroleum industry has been one of the main targets of the sanctions. The same sector also was the pioneer and made the greatest gains after the easing of international restrictions. One of the key variables that influenced and paved the way for either impo MoreIran’s petroleum industry has been one of the main targets of the sanctions. The same sector also was the pioneer and made the greatest gains after the easing of international restrictions. One of the key variables that influenced and paved the way for either imposition or removal of the sanctions was the role of International mass media. As a matter of fact, the media streams did play a key role in the success of the sanctions during imposed sanctions. In the post-sanctions setting, the same media did set the ground for implementation of the articles of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) especially with regard to the oil sanctions on Iran. The present article considers the role of three leading international media outlets, namely Thomson Reuters, Bloomberg and Financial Times, regarding the sanctions on Iran’s oil industry in two settings: Prior to the JCPOA implementation and after it. For the purposes of the study, all the news releases of these agencies regarding Iran’s oil industry and sanctions from the beginning of 2012 through the first quarter of 2016 were meticulously studied.The result of the studies indicated that Reuters and Bloomberg did in fact change their standing with regard to Iran’s oil industry and the sanctions before and after the JCPOA implementation. The results showed that the two media outlets changed their attitudes for coverage of the related news from negative to more positive and more supportive attitudes through the two settings. However, the Financial Times, based on the content it has published during the two periods, did not change its attitude towards Iran’s oil industry and the sanctions, and maintained its nonchalant, unmoved, and skeptical stance towards the issue throughout the two settings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - A Critical Discourse Analysis of Trump’s Speech Regarding Iran’s Nuclear Deal on the Basis of Van Leewen’s Socio-semantic Model
Danial Adrang Nikan Faraji -
Open Access Article
4 - An Analysis of the Feasibility of Urban Land Use in Comprehensive plans of small cities (Case Study of Asgaran City)
Mehdi Ebrahimi Boozani reza mokhtary Naser KarimiIntroduction and purpose of the research :The most important issue in the process of preparing and implementing urban development plans is the issue of their feasibility, and if these plans are implemented in the prescribed manner, public benefits and facilities will be MoreIntroduction and purpose of the research :The most important issue in the process of preparing and implementing urban development plans is the issue of their feasibility, and if these plans are implemented in the prescribed manner, public benefits and facilities will be provided and many urban problems will be resolved.. However, there are very few studies that show the feasibility of these projects in small towns.For this reason, in this article, the master plan of Askran city of Isfahan province with the level of small-scale cities has been studied.Research method: The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature and its data is based on documentary sources and field observation.Findings:The results show that the average percentage of feasibility of the proposed population of the comprehensive plan of Asgaran city is equal to 60.84%, which can be selected as the average feasibility of land uses. Accordingly, the feasibility of administrative and disciplinary uses, residential, educational, historical heritage and urban facilities above average, and the feasibility of other land uses have been below average.Among these uses, two commercial-service uses and park and green space had less than ten percent feasibility and recreational-tourism use, protective and therapeutic green space had zero and even negative feasibility. Thus, it can be said that the feasibility of land use proposed by the Asgaran Master Plan has been very low.Conclusions: Asgaran city master plan, like all comprehensive plans prepared with a traditional model, has little feasibility and with most of the weaknesses and bottlenecks of this model, including the separation of the design process from the implementation stage, definite planning and user location Followed by little flexibility and non-adaptation to changing spatio-temporal conditions, disregard for the financial and administrative resources of the municipality, stereotyping of the plan, disregard for the interests and needs of stakeholders, disregard for macroeconomic and political factors And social, ignorance of land ownership, and so on. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Strategic considerations in the comprehensive study of passive defense Reducing vulnerabilities City
Sayed Javad Hashemi Fesharaki Gholam Ali Rashid hasan hoseini aminIn view of the increasing threats against Iran's enemies and the experiences of recent wars, the enemy in time of war, in addition to attacks on critical centers of the country, the cities began with air and missile strikes during the invasion period, it continuity and MoreIn view of the increasing threats against Iran's enemies and the experiences of recent wars, the enemy in time of war, in addition to attacks on critical centers of the country, the cities began with air and missile strikes during the invasion period, it continuity and at the end a land invasion and occupation are also looking to capture the city. thus reducing urban vulnerability considerations apply to failures caused by passive defense against enemy threats target will be cities. Long-term plan of the city is where Land use and zoning of areas for residential, industrial, commercial, administrative and agricultural and urban needs and urban public utilities and facilities, the general lines of communication and locations end of line (terminal) and airports and seaports and the need for modernization of facilities and public facilities, improvements and priorities are determined and regulations related to the protection of monuments and historical sites and natural landscapes, provide and is regulated. Accordingly develop strategic considerations passive defense in order to have a comprehensive plan cities against asymmetric threats very important in achieving this noble objective is to take effect. In this study, the research design, research, result-oriented one, matched study, one rarely applied research, in terms of research, among a field of research - case. In order to gather the required information from the library and using resources, tools, books, theses and papers) and information bases (site) as well as scientific and official reference and official documents refer to the experts, using questionnaire be. Experts and elite urban architecture, supreme commander of the military and civil defense experts as they survey. The findings on strategic considerations in the plan of the city to provide passive defense to reduce the vulnerabilities of the extracted Vulnerabilities is observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Tehran air pollution reduction comprehensive plan with an emphasis on CO
Saeed Motesaddi Zarandi Azade RazzaghiIn this research, carbon monoxide as one of the pollutants in the city of Tehran was studied during the execution of Comprehensive Plan for the Reduction of Air Pollution (1999-2005) to evaluate the success of the said plan in lowering this pollutant. To this end, stati MoreIn this research, carbon monoxide as one of the pollutants in the city of Tehran was studied during the execution of Comprehensive Plan for the Reduction of Air Pollution (1999-2005) to evaluate the success of the said plan in lowering this pollutant. To this end, statistical data of the Air Pollutants Measurement Stations in Tehran were analyzed using the Excel software in which the daily level of carbon monoxide was measured and then based on the daily rates, the relative monthly and annual rates were calculated. Studying the trend of changes in the city’s carbon monoxide level, it can be concluded that the execution of this plan has not been effective in lowering the level of CO pollutant to the expected extent, but due to the increasing trend in the number of motor vehicles, considered to be the main source for producing CO in the city, the plan has been able to prevent the increase of this pollutant. Due to the stable trend of changes in the CO level in Tehran and also to the dissatisfaction with this trend, the researchers tried to review the Comprehensive Plan for the Reduction of Air Pollution which has been executed since 2000 so that the success of the plan in lowering the level of CO pollutant can be witnessed in the remaining years of the Plan (2006-2010). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - An Assessment of the Performance of Three Mainstream Media (Kayhan, E’temad, and Hamshahri) Regarding JCPOA (2015-2016)
Marzieh Rafati Abdul Ali Ghavam Khalil Mirzaiee Zahra Kharazi Mohammadvandi AzarThe purpose of the present study is to analyze the news representation of JCPOA from the perspective of three mainstream media (Kayhan, E’temad, and Hamshahri) during 2015 to 2016. The method of the study was qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data by ta MoreThe purpose of the present study is to analyze the news representation of JCPOA from the perspective of three mainstream media (Kayhan, E’temad, and Hamshahri) during 2015 to 2016. The method of the study was qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data by targeted sampling of 300 pieces of news related to “JCPOA” using SPSS. The results showed that despite the importance of “JCPOA”, this term has not frequently and conspicuously been used in the headlines of the above newspapers; and has only been mentioned in economic and political contexts, regardless of its various aspects. Although the impartiality of the media has been emphasized, the above newspapers have adopted a biased approach towards “JCPOA”. On the other hand, news coverage by the above newspapers and their approach to “JCPOA” has not usually been analytical but more inclined to hard news and informational rather than educational and guiding approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The U.S Foreign Policy against Iran during the Presidency of Obama and Trump (Based on Mearsheimer's Offensive Realism and Walitz's Defensive Realism)
Hasan Abediny koshkuieh Hossein Masoudnia Mahnaz GoodarziThe purpose of the present research is to explain and clarify the factors and components effective on the U.S foreign policy against Iran during the presidency of Obama and Trump as a period replete with fluctuations. The research method was descriptive-analytic with re MoreThe purpose of the present research is to explain and clarify the factors and components effective on the U.S foreign policy against Iran during the presidency of Obama and Trump as a period replete with fluctuations. The research method was descriptive-analytic with respect to the systematic review of Obama's and Trump's behavior based on defensive and offensive realism. The U.S foreign policy would be explained based on its security approach to Iran's nuclear activities and regional behaviors involving components such as the character of Arabic-Hebraic lobbies and cabinet members. Obama's foreign policy against Iran relying on the approach of interaction and pressure (intelligent power) was successful whereas Trump's foreign policy failed with respect to its offensive nature and the gap among western countries. Therefore, it can be concluded that both of the presidents attempted to challenge the Islamic Republic of Iran's interests by creating political and economic crises and military threats in internal and external aspects. Obama could restrain Iran's nuclear activities by reaching a nuclear agreement but Trump by withdrawing the nuclear deal, not only could not sustain Obama's achievements but also almost failed to restrain Iran to provide the U.S national interests. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Reading of Developments in Comprehensive Urban Plans-Review of the Iranian Experience (Limitations and problems from Master Plan to Strategic-Structural Plan)
Elham Lashkari Mehrshad Khalaj -
Open Access Article
10 - Application of Future Research Approach in the Feasibility of Objectives of Urban Development Plans (Case Study: Noorabad Mamasani Master Plan
ahmad rezaee Marzieh Mogholi mohammadebrahim afifiComprehensive urban plans, as pivital management tool on a city-wide scale, have faced problems in the previous decades, which have made it difficult to achieve their goals. One critical method in recognizing the success rate of urban development projects is to evaluate MoreComprehensive urban plans, as pivital management tool on a city-wide scale, have faced problems in the previous decades, which have made it difficult to achieve their goals. One critical method in recognizing the success rate of urban development projects is to evaluate them in line with the principles of sustainable development. Addressing this issue is considered as an tool in measuring the success and feasibility of the proposals of the comprehensive plan and helps the planners to better understand the problems when preparing and compiling comprehensive plans. We aim to evaluate the feasibility of the main and effective proposals in the comprehensive plan of Noorabad Mamasani city using the application of futurology approach. The study is practical and has been conducted in terms of exploratory method at the exploratory level and based on the future research approach. Driving forces have been prioritized according to the experts' opinion, using future research software (Micmac) based on the degree of importance and uncertainty. Wizard scenario software was used to write possible scenarios. Ten factors were identified in the column of direct influence, which played the greatest role in the realization of the master plan of Noorabad city. In the case of the obtained scenarios, the unfavorable situation prevails over the favorable role. Out of 100%, about 20% of the cases were optimistic, 22% static and 58% pessimistic. The best scenario is scenario no.1 Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - The Evolution of Urban Planning in Iran (A Case Study of Urmia)
mohammad ali pourali javad sharifnejad mirsaeid moosaviAs communities evolve and cities expand, urban planning methods are no longer responsive to the needs and problems of cities and the need to develop them is growing. This research is analytical and has been done using descriptive, comparative methods. Library studies, t MoreAs communities evolve and cities expand, urban planning methods are no longer responsive to the needs and problems of cities and the need to develop them is growing. This research is analytical and has been done using descriptive, comparative methods. Library studies, the Delphi method, observation tools, field studies, and questionnaires were used for data collection. The evaluations showed that the process of urban planning development in the city of Urmia follows the country planning and in terms of diversity and hierarchy of plans, the plans have been prepared at all levels of planning. Although most of the plans follow their upstream, this adherence has shortcomings in some cases. On the other hand, evaluations showed that although urban planning has evolved over the past several decades in the preparation of various programs due to inadequate focus on the needs, issues, and problems of the city, these programs have not been sufficiently effective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Investigating the Reasons for Non-Compliance with Regulations and Rules of Approved Projects by Municipalities Using MAXQDA Software (A Case of Ahwaz Metropolitan Area)
Lotfali Kozegar Kaleji sajad jokarAccording to the description of services Type 12 and the regulations for the approval of development and construction projects, comprehensive and detailed plans are supposed to adhere to certain regulations and rules, formulated and communicated to municipalities under MoreAccording to the description of services Type 12 and the regulations for the approval of development and construction projects, comprehensive and detailed plans are supposed to adhere to certain regulations and rules, formulated and communicated to municipalities under the title of ‘Regulations and Rules’ during the preparation of the plans. However, in practice, municipalities issue permits and completion certificates that are in violation of these regulations and rules. This research focuses on exploring the reasons for the non-compliance with regulations and rules of approved projects by municipalities. The research is applied in nature and conducted using the Grounded Theory methodology. Due to the need for maximum data, the survey method was employed. Data collection continued until data saturation was reached. The entire content of interviews was analyzed using the qualitative data analysis software MaxQDA version 10, through open, axial, and selective coding. Then, all similar codes were grouped based on conceptual and semantic affinity and reduced to 5 core codes. Finally, based on the core codes, 5 main themes were identified, including conflict of interest, structural shortcomings, weaknesses in monitoring systems, administrative corruption, and legal issues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (BARJAM), the Iranian Nuclear Dossier and the Non-securitization Context of Securitization
فرزاد رستمی masoud naderiAbstract Many theorists in the field of security are of the opinion that Iran does not adhere to the logic of security equation in the region and the world and this has led to political problems for the regional countries and Iran as well. The article by an analytical- MoreAbstract Many theorists in the field of security are of the opinion that Iran does not adhere to the logic of security equation in the region and the world and this has led to political problems for the regional countries and Iran as well. The article by an analytical-explanatory approach intends to examine the major determinants and performance of Islamic Republic of Iran in BARJAM (joint comprehensive plan of action) agreement within the framework of securitization and non-securitization. The present article tries to emphasize on the impact of BARJAM before and after this important agreement. BARJAM with its features led to a considerable change in the position of Islamic Republic of Iran. BARJAM showed Iran's position has been accepted by international community. The Iranian government has placed in the agenda normalization of her relations with West, so that it enables her to reconstruct her position in the region and the world. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Understanding the future uncertainties of the state of urban development plans in Iran in the context of scenario planning (Case study: Noorabad city master plan)
Ahmad Rezaiee Marzie Moghali Ebrahim AfifiComprehensive urban plans, as the most important management tool on a city-wide scale, have faced problems in the decades that have passed since their emergence, which have accompanied the achievement of their intended goals and results. Addressing the issue of comprehe MoreComprehensive urban plans, as the most important management tool on a city-wide scale, have faced problems in the decades that have passed since their emergence, which have accompanied the achievement of their intended goals and results. Addressing the issue of comprehensive plan evaluation is considered an important tool to measure the success and feasibility of comprehensive plan proposals and will help urban planners to better deal with the problems of preparing and compiling comprehensive plans that have been prepared Become familiar. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the feasibility of the main and effective proposals in the comprehensive plan of Noorabad Mamasani City using the application of the futurology approach. The present study, in terms of applied purpose, has been conducted in terms of exploratory method at the exploratory level and based on the future research approach. In this study, using the Delphi method and the participation of 30 experts, the results were analyzed in the Mick Mac software environment, and then these factors were determined based on the importance and uncertainty, prioritization, and the most vital factors, and to identify the drivers. The key is the software (Micmac) and the script is used for the scripting wizard software. interference of officials, lack of communication with the consultant, unreasonable solutions, lack of attention to local conditions, lack of government assistance, lack of credit assistance, and lack of stable income. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The Evolution of the Right to Peaceful Use of Nuclear Energy for Nations In International Law with Emphasis on (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action)
Parvin Poor saeed Peyman Hakimzade KhoeiNuclear energy has always been of interest to lawyers and politicians in two ways of military use, and peaceful use since its discovery. Not with standing the provisions of the Global Compact on the Prohibition of Local Weapons, the Inalienable Right to Economic Non Dis MoreNuclear energy has always been of interest to lawyers and politicians in two ways of military use, and peaceful use since its discovery. Not with standing the provisions of the Global Compact on the Prohibition of Local Weapons, the Inalienable Right to Economic Non Discrimination The peaceful use of nuclear energy at all Some aspects of the nuclear states and their supporters in recent decades have been addressed through legal interpretations and they have tried to make arrangements and international actions restrict the scope of this right under the pretext of preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons. One of these efforts is the Comprehensive Plan of Action Agreement which has imposed restrictions on Iran's peaceful nuclear programs and activities. The present article examines the concept of the right to peaceful use, its features and international efforts to limit it by emphasizing the provisions of the Comprehensive Plan of Action . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Nuclear agreement on Iran and Europe relations
Jafar Ghamat Mohammadreza Purghoshchi The relationship between Iran and European countries has a deeply rooted history and has constantly witnessed its ups and downs in different epochs. However, thanks to the recently signed nuclear deal and the ruling administration’s breakthroughs in resolv More The relationship between Iran and European countries has a deeply rooted history and has constantly witnessed its ups and downs in different epochs. However, thanks to the recently signed nuclear deal and the ruling administration’s breakthroughs in resolving Iran’s complex nuclear case, one can anticipate that such mutual ties are set to boom in a wide range of areas as both sides have lots of shared interests. The present study is an attempt to elaborate on the importance of strengthening the relationship between Iran and European Union (EU) member states. It also addresses key questions in the context of the aftermath of the nuclear deal, namely what factors will govern the ties between Iran and the EU and in which direction such cooperation may steer? In which sectors is it possible to identify shared bilateral interests and common grounds and how can they be realized in a constructive and interactive atmosphere? To fathom the nature of ties between Iran and Europe, one has to initially recognize influential factors on the future of these links and then within such framework analyze such a relationship. It seems that in the new era, combined efforts in the domains of energy and energy security, economy and commerce as well as political and security issues come as the main priorities to secure stability in the region. Following the implementation of The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), the framework for expanding such collaboration are explained through the use of pragmatism in international relations theory and analytical methods in this study. Manuscript profile
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