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Open Access Article
1 - Theoretical Thermodynamic Study of Arginine and Lysine Amino Acids at different Solvents
farideh Keshavarz Rezaei -
Open Access Article
2 - Synergistic effects of central nitrergic and glutamatergic systems on food intake in neonatal chickens
M. Pourrahimi, V. Babapour, N. Panahi,Food intake is a set of physiological mechanisms that affects different area of central nervous system. Glutamate has important role in central control of food intake in birds. On the other hand, nitric oxide (NO) is a hypophagic agent in birds. ‎The present study a MoreFood intake is a set of physiological mechanisms that affects different area of central nervous system. Glutamate has important role in central control of food intake in birds. On the other hand, nitric oxide (NO) is a hypophagic agent in birds. ‎The present study aimed to investigate the synergistic effects of glutamate and nitrergic system on feeding behavior in neonatal chickens. A total of one hundred- forty-four neonatal female laying hens (Hy-line) were randomly divided into three experimental groups. Each experiment had a control group and three treatment groups (n=12 in each group). In all experiments, 3-hour food-deprived (FD3) birds received intracerebroventricular (ICV) ‎injections either control diluent or drug solution. Then the birds had ad libitum access to the ‎food and fresh water, and then cumulative food intake (gr) was measured based on the ‎percentage of the body. In the first experiment, L-arginine (NO precursor, 200, 400 and 800 nmol) and in the second experiment, glutamate (75, 150 and 300 nmol) were ICV injected. In the third experiment, L-arginine (200 nmol), glutamate (75 nmol) and L-arginine + glutamate was injected. ‎ The results showed, ICV injection of L- arginine dose- dependently decreased food intake (P<0.05). Also, injection of the glutamate decreased food intake in a dose- dependent manner (P<0.05). Co-injection of sub-effective doses of L-arginine and glutamate significantly decreased food intake in neonatal chicks (P<0.05). According to the results, there is probably a synergistic effect between nitrergic and glutamatergic systems on food intake control of neonatal chicks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Effect of Acute L-Arginine Supplementation on Cardiac and Muscle Cell Damage Indices after Exhaustive Exercise Training in Young Karate Players
S. Atashak S. MohammadzadehIntroduction: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of short-term L-arginine supplementation on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and troponin T (Tnt) enzymes levels after exhaustive exercise in young karate players. Materials and Methods: MoreIntroduction: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of short-term L-arginine supplementation on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and troponin T (Tnt) enzymes levels after exhaustive exercise in young karate players. Materials and Methods: In semi-experimental study, 18 young karate players randomly assigned in two supplement and placebo groups. Participants in supplement group consumed 3grams daily of L-arginine capsules for seven days, while the placebo group received the same amount of placebo. All subjects performed an exhaustive aerobic exercise after seven days supplementation. Venous blood samples were collected at four stages; 1: pre supplementation, 2: After the end of the supplementation period and pre exercise, 3: Immediately post exercise and 4: 24 hours after exercise. Data was analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test at α ≤ 0.05. Results: The results of the study indicated that the increase of CK, was significantly higher (p<0/05) at the immediately and 24 hours after exercise in the placebo group as compared to the L-arginine group. However, the LDH and Tnt levels significantly increases in both placebo and supplement group at the immediately and 24 hours after exhaustive exercise (p<0/05). Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that short-term L-arginine supplementation can ameliorate the muscle cell damage induced to exhaustive exercise by prevention of the CK increase in young athletes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Allevation of Oxidative Damages Induced by Salinity in Cress (Lepidium sativum) by Pretreating with Arginine
الهام Asadi karam زهرا AsrarSalinity is one of the main stresses that have negative effectcs on seedling growth, and plant production. It inhibits growth of plants through disturbance of the balance between production of ROS and antioxidant defense mechanism which results in oxidative stress. Beca MoreSalinity is one of the main stresses that have negative effectcs on seedling growth, and plant production. It inhibits growth of plants through disturbance of the balance between production of ROS and antioxidant defense mechanism which results in oxidative stress. Because, arginine is a vital regulator of physiological and developmental processes the effect of different concentrations of arginine pretreatment of the plant on alleviation of oxidative stress induced by salt 50 and 100Mm NaCl was investigated. Arginine pretreatment increased chlorophyll a, b, carotenoid and seedling growth under salinity condition. Results also showed that salt stress increased proline, protein, H2O2, soluble sugar and the activity of ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase and catalase. Pretreatment of plants with Arg reduced proline, soluble sugar, H2O2 and antioxidant enzymes activity content significantly. The conclusion is that in garden cress plants, pretreatment with concentration of 5 µM and 10 μM arginine may protect cress under salinity stress, probably through the contracting with ROS and or induction of anti-oxidative enzymes Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The effects of different levels of arginine on cecum microbial population and serum antioxidant properties of healthy and coccidia-challenged broiler chicks
ّfatemeh Izadi ghoulam Ali moghaddam Ahmad Nematollahi monireh khordad mehr Mahdi Abbasabadi Hadi GhanbarzadehCocidiosis causes annual economic losses in industrial poultry farms and nutritional strategies can alleviate these losses. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of arginine on cecum microbial population and serum antioxidant proper MoreCocidiosis causes annual economic losses in industrial poultry farms and nutritional strategies can alleviate these losses. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of arginine on cecum microbial population and serum antioxidant properties of healthy and Eimeria-challenged broiler chicks. Experimental treatments included healthy and challenged broiler chicks fed with 85, 100, 125 and 150% of the recommended arginine. To conduct bacterial culture, samples were collected aseptically from cecum during slaughter (on days 21 and 42). The levels of antioxidant and oxidant factors and nitric oxide were also assessed in the serum of broiler chicks. The chicks which had received 125 and 150% of arginine showed lower E. coli population and higher population of lactobacillus, total bacteria, bifidiobacteria and pH in the cecum (p < /em><0.05), but entrococous population was not influenced (p < /em>>0.05). Eimeria challenge decreased the level of glutathione peroxidase, super oxide dismutase, and total antioxidant capacity and increased the levels of malondialdehyde (p < /em><0.05), but inclusion of arginine in the levels of 125 and 150% only increased the level of glutathione peroxidase (p < /em><0.05), and did not have any effect on other parameters (p < /em><0.05). In summary, consumption of arginine in higher levels (125 and 150%) decreased the pathogenic population and increased the beneficial bacteria and the level of glutathione peroxidase in Eimeria-challenged broiler chicks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Comparison of the effect of short-term consumption alone and a combination of L-arginine and L-citrulline supplements on aerobic and anaerobic capacity of young football players
abolfazl ghodsi abas mehranpour bahram abedi Mojtaba khansoozAbstractObjective: The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effect of short-term use alone and a combination of L-arginine and L-citrulline supplements on the aerobic and anaerobic capacity of young soccer players.Materials and Methods: n this semi- MoreAbstractObjective: The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effect of short-term use alone and a combination of L-arginine and L-citrulline supplements on the aerobic and anaerobic capacity of young soccer players.Materials and Methods: n this semi-experimental study, which was conducted with a pre-test-post-test design, 60 young male soccer players with an age range of 15 to 18 years were selected as available and in 4 groups of 15 L-arginine supplement, L-citrulline supplement, combined of L-arginine, val-citrulline supplement and placebo. In the pre-test and post-test stages, the aerobic and anaerobic power of the subjects was measured using yo-yo tests and RAST test. The period of supplement consumption was for 7 days. The amount of L-arginine and L-citrulline supplements alone was 2.4 grams per day, and in the combined group, each of the supplements consumed 1.2 grams.Findings: Short-term consumption (7 days) of L-arginine supplement, L-citrulline supplement and a combination of L-arginine and L-citrulline supplement on increasing aerobic power, peak anaerobic power, average anaerobic power, minimum anaerobic power and reducing the fatigue index of football players Young people have a significant effect (P>0.05). Other results indicate the greater effect of the combination of L-arginine and L-citrulline supplements compared to L-arginine and L-citrulline supplements alone in improving the aerobic and anaerobic capacity of young soccer players.Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that the combined use of L-arginine and L-citrulline supplements can be effective in increasing the aerobic and anaerobic capacity of young football players.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The effect of folic acid treatment on the post-harvest life of cucumber through influencing the activity of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of proline, polyamine, and chlorophyll-degradation
Parviz MalekzadehIn this study, the mechanism of cold stress tolerance in cucumber fruits pretreated with folic acid was investigated. Control group and the group treated with 5 mgL-1 folic acid were stored for 15 days at 4 °-C. The results showed that, in comparison with the contr MoreIn this study, the mechanism of cold stress tolerance in cucumber fruits pretreated with folic acid was investigated. Control group and the group treated with 5 mgL-1 folic acid were stored for 15 days at 4 °-C. The results showed that, in comparison with the control, treatment with folic acid resulted in reduced chilling injury and decreased electrolyte leakage. The cucumber fruits treated with folic acid showed higher chlorophyll contents in storage conditions with suppressed chlorophyllase enzyme activity. Exogenous folic acid treatment also increased the activity of arginine decarboxylase and ornithine decarboxylase resulting in the accumulation of polyamine contents. Also, higher levels of proline were observed in the fruits treated with folic acid, which is attributed to the increased activity of proline synthesizing enzymes △1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate syntheses and ornithine aminotransferase and also reduced activity of proline dehydrogenase enzyme that decompose proline. Generally, the results showed that folic acid treatment increased the resistance to the cold stress by regulating the activity of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of proline, chlorophyll, and polyamines. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - تجویز سطوح مختلف آرژنین و لیزین همراه با مس برای تغییرغلظت مس در شیر در میشهای شیرده زندی
ا. پردل ه. خزعلی ح. رکنی ع. حسینیمس نقش اساسی در سیستم بدن انسان و حیوان دارد. یکی از مهمترین منابع مس، شیر است. هدف از این مطالعه مشخص ساختن این بود که تزریق دوزهای متفاوت مس غیرآلی و مس آلی به صورت کلاته با آمینواسیدهای آرژنین و لیزین میتواند غلظت مس را در شیر بزهای زندی شیرده تغیر دهد. این پژوهش تج Moreمس نقش اساسی در سیستم بدن انسان و حیوان دارد. یکی از مهمترین منابع مس، شیر است. هدف از این مطالعه مشخص ساختن این بود که تزریق دوزهای متفاوت مس غیرآلی و مس آلی به صورت کلاته با آمینواسیدهای آرژنین و لیزین میتواند غلظت مس را در شیر بزهای زندی شیرده تغیر دهد. این پژوهش تجربی شامل 54 میش زندی شیرده که از سازمان کشاورزی استان تهران جمعآوری شده، در 3 گروه اصلی به شرح زیر اختصاص داده شد: گروهی که کلرید مس را در شکل معدنی (25، 50 و 100 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم، وزن بدن) دریافت کردند و گروههایی که مس آلی در دوزهای مختلف آرژنین و یا لیزین (25، 50 و 100 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم، وزن بدن) به صورت کلاته شده دریافت کردند. نمونههای شیر 30 دقیقه قبل و 6 ساعت پس از تزریق داخل وریدی آمادههای مس گرفته شد. غلظت مس در شیر با استفاده از روش طیفسنجی جذب اتمی شعله اندازهگیری شد. قبل از تزریق مس معدنی و یا آلی در غلظت مس شیر تفاوت معنیداری بین دو گروه وجود نداشت. تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها نشان داد که تجویز مس غیر آلی باعث افزایش قابل توجهی از غلظت مس در شیر به صورت وابسته به دوز شد (01/0<P). همچنین، تزریق آرژنین و یا لیزین با مس در فرم کلاته باعث افزایش قابل توجهی در غلظت مس شیر در مقایسه با غیر آلی مس در صورت وابسته به دوز شد (01/0<P). با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده، مصرف فرمهای مختلف مس غلظت مس در شیر را تحت تأثیر قرار میدهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - A Review on the Effect of Arginine on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Intestine Morphology, and Immune System of Broiler Chickens
H. Ghamari Monavvar G. Moghaddam M. Ebrahimi -
Open Access Article
10 - تأثیر مکملهای سولفات مس و آرژنین بر عملکرد و خصوصیات لاشه در جوجههای گوشتی تغذیه شده با جیرههای بر پایه کنجاله کانولا
ص. عظیمی یوالاری پ. فرهومند پ. باغبان کنعانی ب. حسینتبار قاسمآبادهدف از این آزمایش بررسی اثرات سولفات مس (0، 125 و 250 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم)، مکمل آرژنین (0، 1/0 و 2/0 درصد) و محتوی گلوکوزینولات بر عملکرد و خصوصیات لاشه در جوجه­های گوشتی تغذیه شده با جیره­های بر پایه کنجاله کانولا بود. آزمایش به شکل آزمون فاکتوریل 3 × 3 Moreهدف از این آزمایش بررسی اثرات سولفات مس (0، 125 و 250 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم)، مکمل آرژنین (0، 1/0 و 2/0 درصد) و محتوی گلوکوزینولات بر عملکرد و خصوصیات لاشه در جوجه­های گوشتی تغذیه شده با جیره­های بر پایه کنجاله کانولا بود. آزمایش به شکل آزمون فاکتوریل 3 × 3 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 405 قطعه جوجه­ گوشتی نر در یک دوره­ 3 هفته­ای (42-22 روزگی) انجام گرفت. میانگین افزایش وزن بدن و ضریب تبدیل خوراک تحت تأثیر سطح 250 میلی­گرم در کیلو­گرم مس قرار گرفت (05/0>P). عمل­آوری کنجاله کانولا با مس (01/0>P) و افزودن سطح 2/0 درصد آرژنین (05/0>P) به جیره به طور معنی­داری وزن سینه را افزایش داد. همچنین، وزن نسبی ران نیز به طور معنی­داری تحت تأثیر سطح 250 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم مس و 2/0 درصد آرژنین قرار گرفت (05/0>P). مکمل­سازی سطح 2/0 درصد آرژنین باعث کاهش چربی حفره شکمی (01/0>P)، وزن شش­ها (05/0>P) و بالعکس افزایش وزن دوازدهه (05/0>P) و ژژنوم (01/0>P) گردید. پایین­ترین وزن سکوم در جوجه­های تغذیه شده با جیره­های بر پایه کنجاله کانولا عمل­آوری شده با سطح 250 میلی­گرم در کیلو­گرم مس مشاهده شد (05/0>P). به طور کلی نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که عملآوری کنجاله کانولا با مس می­تواند باعث کاهش اثرات مضر گلوکوزینولات­ها بر عملکرد جوجه­های گوشتی گردد. علاوه بر این، افزودن سطح 2/0 درصد آرژنین می­تواند باعث تغییر تقسیم­بندی انرژی به سمت ذخیره پروتئین و کاهش چربی محوطه بطنی گردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Excitatory and inhibitory effects of nitric oxide on the process of evolution of the Cardiomyocyte of rat embryo
Seyed Mohammad Hossein Noori Mugahi Mahnaz Azarnia Amir Ehsan Samie ZN Sharifi SH Movassaghi عطاردالسادات Mostafavinia پارسا Nazari Maryam ShiasiBackgrounds: According to increased consumption of supplements during pregnancy and the teratogenic impact of some drugs on evolution the vital systems of embryos, in this study to improve the health of the fetus and prevention of cardiovascular abnormalities as the mos MoreBackgrounds: According to increased consumption of supplements during pregnancy and the teratogenic impact of some drugs on evolution the vital systems of embryos, in this study to improve the health of the fetus and prevention of cardiovascular abnormalities as the most common cause of infant mortality, we examined the effects of L-Arginine and L-NAME administration on fetal rat heart.Material &Methods:Forty Wister rats, weighing 200-250gr with age of 8 weeks, were divided into 5 groups after observing the vaginal plug. Except the control group, the others were received 2ml/kg normal saline, 200mg/kg L-Arginine, 20mg/kg L-NAME and a mixture of the same doses of L-Arginine & L-NAME respectively on 8 to 11th gestational days via Intraperitoneal. The fetal Hearts were removed on 18th gestational days and were fixed in formalin 10 percent, after tissue preparation and staining method (H&E) histological changes were studied by Light microscopy Olympus Cx31 and software Image tools III.Results: Despite of the control group, the significant decrease (p <0.05) in the diameter of cells and their nuclei were observed in L-NAME group , L-NAME group also was associated with irregularities in heart muscle structure and intercalated and in the L-Arginine group severe Myogenesis and Angiogenesis was observed.Conclusion:Results of this study showed that Nitric oxide (NO) in amounts higher or lower than normal is associated with congenital heart diseases. Therefore, drugs and supplements should be used with caution especially during pregnancy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Investigation of Excitatory and Inhibitory Effects of L-Arginine and L-NAME on the thickness of the cortex and medulla of Thymus in Pregnant Rats
SMH Noori Moogahi ZN Sharifi shabnam movaseghi عطارد السادات MostafaviniaConsidering the important role of Nitric Oxide (NO) in many biologic processes of cells and tissues including during pregnancy and its different stages, this study investigated the effects of L-Arginine as a NO precursor and L-NAME as a NO inhibitor on structural and st MoreConsidering the important role of Nitric Oxide (NO) in many biologic processes of cells and tissues including during pregnancy and its different stages, this study investigated the effects of L-Arginine as a NO precursor and L-NAME as a NO inhibitor on structural and stereological changes of the thymus in pregnant rats. In this experimental study, thirty-two female Wistar rats, aged 8 weeks and weighing 200-250g, were randomly divided into 4 groups: Control, L-Arginine (200 mg / kg), L-NAME (20 mg / kg) and L-Arginine + L-NAME; 8 rats in each group. On the 18th day of pregnancy, the rats anesthetized with ether, then, their thymus was extracted and fixed in 10% formalin. After tissue passage, the sections were stained with H&E and the histological and morphometric studies were performed. L-Arginine with its stimulative effect on NO synthesis in thymus causes to increase T-lymphocyte population, therefore thickness of cortex is increased and thickness of medulla decreased. Analysis of variance showed that the thickness of cortex and medulla of thymus in the L-Arginine group was significantly different in comparison with the control group, with p=0.000 and p=0.002, respectively. The thickness of cortex and medulla in the L-NAME group showed a significant decrease, with p=0.000, compared to the control group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Foliar Application of Arginine Improves Vegetative and Reproductive Characteristics of Bearing Pistachio Trees
Ali Tajabadipour Mohammad Reza Fattahi Moghaddam Zabihollah Zamani Fatemeh Nasibi Hossein Hokmabadi -
Open Access Article
14 - Potentiometeric study of protonation and complex formation of some amino acids with Zn (II) , Co(II) and Ni (II) in aqueous solution
Mohammad Mazloum-Ardakani Sharam Lotfi Jahan B. Ghasemi -
Open Access Article
15 - Effects of Inhibitory and Stimulatory Administration of Nitric Oxide Synthesis on the Zona Pellucida Thickness of Ovarian Follicles in Pregnant Rats
Mohammad Hossein Noori Mugahi Shabnam Movassaghi Atarod Sadat Mostafavinia Mahnaz Nouri Zahra Nadia SharifiNitric oxide is a short-lived mediator which produced in different mammalian cell types. Nitric oxide synthesizes (NOSs) are a family of complex enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of L-Arginine to form Nitric Oxide. Overproduction of nitric oxide may imply in the patho MoreNitric oxide is a short-lived mediator which produced in different mammalian cell types. Nitric oxide synthesizes (NOSs) are a family of complex enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of L-Arginine to form Nitric Oxide. Overproduction of nitric oxide may imply in the pathogenesis of several immune diseases. The present study demonstrates the potential role of nitric oxide in zona pellucida thickness. This study was performed on 8 weeks pregnant Wistar rats (n=32). To study the impact of Nitric Oxide on zona pellucida thickness four experimental designs were investigated. Control group, 200 mg/kg L-Arginine, 20 mg/kg L-NAME and a combination of L-Arginine, and L-NAME. Ovary removal via laparotomy was performed 13 days after intraperitoneal injection. Zona pellucida thickness was investigated by Image tools III quantitative technique. Based on our findings, L-Arginine causes a significant decrease in zona pellucida thickness (p ≤ 0.05). No discrepancy was detected in zona pellucida thickness between the other experimental groups and the control group. The results support the hypothesis that destructive effects on ovary and zona pellucida formation can be mediated by the overproduction of nitric oxide. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - The effect of plyometric training plus arginine supplementation on injury prevention related to physical fitness level of beach soccer players
Azadeh Doroodgar Pedram Esmaeilian DehaghaniBackground: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of plyometric exercises with arginine supplementation on some physical fitness factors of beach soccer players for the purpose of injury prevention. Method: Based on the research entry c MoreBackground: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of plyometric exercises with arginine supplementation on some physical fitness factors of beach soccer players for the purpose of injury prevention. Method: Based on the research entry criteria, 20 beach soccer players were selected and were randomly assigned to two groups of plyometric exercises (n=10) and plyometrics with arginine supplement (n=10). Then, age, height, weight, and physical fitness factors including aerobic and anaerobic capacity, muscle strength and endurance, and fat percentage of subjects were evaluated. The first training group received plyometric exercises with arginine supplement. In the second group, plyometric exercises were applied along with placebo. After 8 weeks of training, physical fitness factors were re-evaluated. The correlated T test was used to determine the intra-group changes and the ANCOVA test was used to compare between the groups. The obtained results were analyzed using SPSS version 26 software. Results: The findings showed that both plyometric training programs with and without arginine supplementation had a significant effect on improving aerobic power (P=0.002, P=0.001), anaerobic power (P≥0.01), muscle strength. (P=0.001), muscle endurance (P=0.004) and fat percentage (P=0.001). Also, the results of comparing the effects of two training programs show that there is a significant difference between the two training programs in the variables of aerobic power (P=0.01), anaerobic power (P≥0.05) and fat percentage (P=0.02). Conclusions: According to the results and previous studies, using two types of plyometric exercises, with and without using Arginine supplementation especially with arginine supplementation could be useful to prevent sports related injuries specially ankle and knee sprains and groin strain which are prevalent among soccer players of all types specially beach soccer players. It is explained by different mechanisms including affecting aerobic and anaerobic powers, muscle strength and endurance, and body fat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - The Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Arginine and Rice Hull on Growth Performance, Immune Responses, Intestinal Morphology, Tibia Bone Mineral Content and Intestinal Microbial Population of Broiler Chickens
M. Abbasabadi S.M. Hosseini H. Naeimipour F. Izadi YazdanabadiArginine and fibers may have positive effects on gastrointestinal tract and indirectly affect immune re-sponses, growth performance, intestinal morphology and microbial population. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of arginine and ric MoreArginine and fibers may have positive effects on gastrointestinal tract and indirectly affect immune re-sponses, growth performance, intestinal morphology and microbial population. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of arginine and rice hull on growth performance, immune re-sponses, intestinal morphology and intestinal microbial population of broiler chickens. Three hundred and sixty male broiler chickens were randomly allocated into nine dietary treatments with four replications of 10 broiler chickens based on a factorial arrangement (3×3) in a completely randomized design. Experimen-tal treatments were including basal diets supplemented with arginine (90, 100, and 110% recommended levels), and fiber (0.00, 2.50, and 5.00%). Growth performance, immune responses, intestinal morphology, tibia bone mineral content and intestinal microbial population of broiler chickens were measured. The ef-fects of dietary inclusion of rice hull, arginine, and their interactions were significant on average daily gain (P<0.05) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P<0.05), so that highest gain and the lowest feed conversion ratio were observed in broiler chickens fed with highest levels of arginine (110.00%) and fiber (5.00%). Dietary supplementation of arginine progressively increased immune responses (P<0.05), while inclusion of rice hull increased villus height and crypt depth (P<0.05) and decreased the concentrations of calcium (P<0.05), phosphorous (P<0.05) and magnesium (P<0.05). The inclusion of arginine (P<0.05), and fiber (P<0.05) in higher levels increased Lactobacilli population (P<0.05). In total, higher levels of fiber (5.00%) and arginine (110.00%) improved the growth performance and are suggested in diet of broiler chickens for improving growth performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Effect of amino acids foliar spraying on growth and physiological indices of tomato under salt stress conditions
Mohsen Poursoltan Hojagan Hossein Arooie Seyyed Jalal Tabatabaei Seyyed Hossein NeamatiWater and soil salinity are considered as one of the major problems for agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions of the world which restrict cultivation and as a result, crops yield decrease. There are some solutions for reducing its damages. Among them, using bio-fert MoreWater and soil salinity are considered as one of the major problems for agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions of the world which restrict cultivation and as a result, crops yield decrease. There are some solutions for reducing its damages. Among them, using bio-fertilizers and environmentally friendly in the production process can be mentioned. In this regard, a factorial experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design with three replications in 2014. The first factor was salinity in 0, 30 and 60 mM rates, and the second factor was amino acid including arginine, tryptophan and proline. The interactive effects of salinity and amino acids on the number of pancakes, proline content, electrolyte leakage percentage, total chlorophyll content, and their simple effects on stem length, the number of leaves and nodes were significant. With an increase in salinity level, stem length, the number of leaves and nodes decreased. Amino acid consumption increased the number of leaves, but proline showed a more positive effect in the number of nodes and stem length. The negative role of proline salinity and positive role of proline in the number of pancakes and total chlorophyll content and the positive role of salinity in increasing the amount of proline and the percentage of leaf electrolyte leakage were significant. Therefore, under the conditions of salt stress in the fields as well as increased soil salts and irrigation water in the greenhouse, the growth conditions in tomato can be improved by using biofertilizers. Manuscript profile
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