Urine

A theoretical study at the B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) level was performed on the tatumerization of 2-amino-7H-purine-6-thiol into 2-amino-9H-purine-6-thiol. Such a tautomerism can take place via three different pathways namely A, B, and C. The energetic results associated with More

A theoretical study at the B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) level was performed on the tatumerization of 2-amino-7H-purine-6-thiol into 2-amino-9H-purine-6-thiol. Such a tautomerism can take place via three different pathways namely A, B, and C. The energetic results associated with the gas phase reveal that pathways A, B, and C display a very high activation Gibbs free energy of 47.6, 69.4, and 52.1 kcal/mol, respectively, indicating this process cannot take place in the gas phase. When solvent effects of water are taken into account through a continuum of a uniform dielectric constant, the gas phase activation Gibbs free energies increase to 51.1, 71.9, and 55.4 kcal/mol along pathway A, B, and C, respectively, emphasizing long range solute-solvent interactions do not play a key role in the considered tautomerization. The studied process can easily take place by inclusion of three molecules of water in which a significantly reduced activation Gibbs free energy of 24.8 kcal/mol indicates the predominance of short range solute-solvent interactions over the long range ones. Combination of short range and long range solute-solvent interactions lead to an activation Gibbs free energy of 23.6 kcal/mol for tatumerization of 2-amino-7H-purine-6-thiol into 2-amino-9H-purine-6-thiol. This value clearly points out that employing a polar and protic solvent is able to noticeably reduce the barrier of tatomerization. Manuscript profile

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7 - The Role of Women’s Figurines in Ancient World Based on Archaeological Discovery
S. R. Mosavi Haji سامان Farzin مریم Zour

Prior to script ion invention the humane expressed hearts and minds by figurines made of either mud or stones and etc. The scattered settled tribes of the Iranian plateau on B.C millennium were not always pure faithful imitators of the nature, but they often tended to e More

Prior to script ion invention the humane expressed hearts and minds by figurines made of either mud or stones and etc. The scattered settled tribes of the Iranian plateau on B.C millennium were not always pure faithful imitators of the nature, but they often tended to expose their fancy and memory contents via either stone sculpture or artistic pottery by using ax head or fingers based on their wishes, rites or beliefs manifestation. The animal figurines were possibly considered as either vow; made to God or a sacred person or shrine, or as offerings. The female figurines were probably symbolized the birth and creation (Mother Goddess) and represented the rituals aspects. The psychological analysis of the mentioned art works could reveal that the artist that made such an artwork not due to the pure art but also to express an idea. The earliest man-made works of art were mostly the female human being figurines. The feminine was so mysterious for the ancient people and this could be seen in the created figurines. From the archaeological and the anthropology perspectives the woman represented the myth symbol considering the archaeological ancient world weltanschauung. The Lady Goddess was the primal archetype of woman characteristics. The Goddess was not only the mother figure of the humane being but the mother of the all creatures. The animals sculptured in any figurine represented such a matter. Manuscript profile

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8 - Density Functional Theory studies of purine bases adenine and guanine
Leile Rahimi Ahar Zahra Javanshir

In the present investigation, HOMO-LUMO energy gap, polarizability, structural parameters, molecular mass, hardness, softness, chemical potential of the purine bases adenine and guanine in the gas phase were calculated. Density Functional Theory calculations were perfor More

In the present investigation, HOMO-LUMO energy gap, polarizability, structural parameters, molecular mass, hardness, softness, chemical potential of the purine bases adenine and guanine in the gas phase were calculated. Density Functional Theory calculations were performed by the B3LYP method with 6-311G basis set on the compounds. Adenine and guanine present polarizability of 80.49572 and 86.061264 a.u. at the B3LYP method, respectively. The HOMO–LUMO energy gap of 5.356154 and 5.44758 ev were obtained for the adenine and guanine using B3LYP method, respectively. According to the calculations, HOMO–LUMO energy gap, hardness, dipole moment and polarizability of guanine, and softness of adenine in the gas phase have the largest values. According to the HOMO values, guanine is more reactive in the reactions with electrophiles and according to the values of LUMO, adenine is more reactive against reactions with nucleophiles. The adenine and the guanine have the most negative charge on N5 and N1 atoms and N4 and O10 atoms have the most negative electrical potential, respectively. Manuscript profile

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9 - Evaluating the Effect of Cytokinin Foliar Application on Morphological Traits and Yield of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) under Optimal Irrigation and Drought Stress Conditions
Hadi Salek Mearaji Afshin Tavakoli Niaz Ali Sepahvand

10.30495/jcep.2021.679976

Drought is the most important non-biotic stress which decreases growth and the yield of crop plants. Quinoa is a plant with high nutritional value and drought tolerant. To evaluate the effect of cytokinin foliar application on morphological traits and yield of quinoa cu More

Drought is the most important non-biotic stress which decreases growth and the yield of crop plants. Quinoa is a plant with high nutritional value and drought tolerant. To evaluate the effect of cytokinin foliar application on morphological traits and yield of quinoa cultivars, a split factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted during during 2017 cropping season with four replications at the research farm of Agriculture Faculty, the University of Zanjan. Experimental treatments were levels of irrigation (optimal irrigation, with -0.4 MPa and drought stress with -1.5 MPa) as main factor and sub factors were four quinoa cultivars (Q 26, Q 29, Giza1 and Red Carina) and foliar cytokinin with three levels (0, 50 and 100 μM). Irrigation and cultivar treatment had significant effect on all evaluated traits. Foliar application with cytokinin had significant effect on all traits except length of main ear and greeness index (SPAD). The maximum and minimum of grain yield 2364.7 and 1701.8 kg.ha-1, obtained under optimal irrigation and drought stress conditions, respectively. Drought stress reduced seed yield by 28 percent. The highest yields obtained by Giza 1 (2746.7 kg.ha-1) and Red Carina (2589.7 kg.ha-1) with the application 100 µm of cytokinin. The foliar application of cytokinin did not affect seed yields of Q 26 and Q 29 cultivars significantly. According to the results, Giza 1 can be recommended as a suitable cultivar under both optimum and drought stress conditions at the experimental site. Manuscript profile

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10 - The effect of some growth regulators on the micro propagation of orchid (Phalaenopsis philippinensis) by flowering stem buds
Mehdi Khorshidi

10.30495/iper.2022.688801

Orchids are one of the most famous and important ornamental plants that have a high commercial value. plant tissue culture is one of the most important methods for the plant proliferation. The aim of this study was to determine the best concentration of growth regulator More

Orchids are one of the most famous and important ornamental plants that have a high commercial value. plant tissue culture is one of the most important methods for the plant proliferation. The aim of this study was to determine the best concentration of growth regulators of benzyl amino purine (BAP) and indole butyric acid (IBA) on orchid micro propagation. The flower stem buds of orchid (Phalaenopsis philippinensis) were used as explant. This study was performed as a factorial in a completely randomized design with two factors BAP, IBA and in three replications. In the stem formation section of the first factor BAP at 4 levels (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/l) and IBA at 2 levels (0 and 0.25 mg/l), also in the root formation section the first factor IBA in 4 levels (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/l) and BAP were considered at 2 levels (0 and 0.1 mg/l). The results of this study showed that the highest number of shoot formation was obtained at the concentration of 1 mg/L BAP with 0.25 mg/L IBA which has led to the production of 12.27 shoot per explant. The lowest number of shoot formation was observed in the group control. In the root formation, the highest number of roots (4.33) and also the maximum root length (8.67 cm) were obtained at the concentration of 1 mg/L IBA with 0.1 mg/L BAP. The results also show that the combination of growth regulators together improves the result in comparison with their uses alone. Therefor results generally shows that the plant tissue culture is a suitable and optimal way to propagate orchid species. Manuscript profile

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11 - Evaluation of the effects of exogenous auxin and cytokinin hormones on growth, morphology, photosynthetic pigment content and the possibility of creating favorable responses in the ornamental plant Adenium obesum
Aryan Sateei Masomeh Habibi Mehdi Ebadi Shadman Shikravi Mazeyar Ahmadi golsefidi

10.30495/iper.2022.1941175.1735

This study evaluates the effects of foliar application of auxins and cytokinins hormones on growth and photosynthetic pigment content in Adenium obsum. Experiments were performed in a completely randomized blocks with 8 treatments and a control group, 4 replications, an More

This study evaluates the effects of foliar application of auxins and cytokinins hormones on growth and photosynthetic pigment content in Adenium obsum. Experiments were performed in a completely randomized blocks with 8 treatments and a control group, 4 replications, and 8 stages of hormone application. Two types of auxin, IAA and IBA, 200 mg / l and of cytokinin, BAP and KIN, 400 mg / lit were used independently and in combination. The evaluated traits included leaf area, number of lateral buds and flowers, shoots and roots fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids content. Different treatments containing BAP as well as KIN and IAA + KIN increased leaf area. Highest increase was related to IAA + BAP. The application of hormonal treatments did not have a significant effect on shoot length, except for IBA and IBA + BAP treatments but other treatments increased root length. IBA + BAP and especially IAA + BAP treatment caused a significant increase in the number of lateral buds. Stem fresh weight also increased significantly in IBA + BAP, IAA + BAP and IAA treatments, but stem dry weight increased only in IAA + BAP. The treatments had no effect on root fresh weight but its dry weight increased in all treatments except IAA and IBA + KIN.The highest number of flowers was obtained without significant difference with the control in IBA + KIN treatment. Independent or combined BAP treatments reduced the number of flowers. The content of chlorophylls a and b increased under IAA + BAP and KIN-treated treatments. IBA + BAP also increased chlorophyll b content. Carotenoid content was not affected by treatments. Morphologically, IAA + BAP clearly affected the shape of the leaves, the appearance of the veins and the general shape of the plant. Manuscript profile

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12 - Investigating in vitro culture of Abu Jahl watermelon plant Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad
سورمه Qara Matrosyan مه‌لقا Ghorbanli

In this research, the determination of the best cultivation environment for stem organogenesis and the selection of the most suitable cultivar from Abu Jahl watermelon seeds have been studied. In order to obtain sterile roasted seeds, the inhibition of the seed shell wa More

In this research, the determination of the best cultivation environment for stem organogenesis and the selection of the most suitable cultivar from Abu Jahl watermelon seeds have been studied. In order to obtain sterile roasted seeds, the inhibition of the seed shell was removed in concentrated sulfuric acid for 20 minutes. After washing with sterile distilled water, the seeds were transferred to a sterile culture medium. 20 days later, small pieces (cotyledon, terminal bud, cotyledon axis and root) were prepared from the roasted seeds and transferred to MS medium with different hormone treatments. All isolated cultures produced callus, and only the terminal bud treated with IAA and quintine equal to 1 mg in relitertolide produced callus, then it was differentiated into bud and branch. To determine the most suitable cultivation environment; Two cultivation environments were considered. MS basic culture medium with IAA and quintine treatment equal to 1 mg and MS basic culture medium, vitamin 2 equal to MS basic medium and benzyl aminopurine treatment 2 mg/liter along with naphthalene acetic acid 0.1 mg/liter. The terminal bud was separated from the sterile culture medium and placed in these two culture mediums. The design was based on a completely random block. Data collection was done in four stages. The ability to produce callus in the culture medium treated with benzyl aminopurine along with naphthalene acetic acid was higher than in the culture medium of IAA and quintine. In the cultivation environment with IAA and quintine treatment with equal amounts, branching and increase in the length of the branches were significant. In the culture medium, treatment with benzyl aminopurine along with naphthalene acetic acid caused the differentiation of callus into branches, but branching and increasing the length of branches were not significant. Manuscript profile

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13 - Silica photonic crystal fiber structure in order to simplify the process of making them
Ashkan Ghanbari Mehran Nikoo

In this research, a new structure of photonic crystal fibers(PCFs) will be proposed,in which instead of using the aire- holes in the cladding region, the flourine(2%) doped solid silica rods in order to reduce the problems associated with deformities of air-holes in the More

In this research, a new structure of photonic crystal fibers(PCFs) will be proposed,in which instead of using the aire- holes in the cladding region, the flourine(2%) doped solid silica rods in order to reduce the problems associated with deformities of air-holes in the cladding region will be used.Also, in the following, a few of the propagation charactristics of the proposed Photonic Crystal Fiber with a conventional silica Photonic Crystal Fiber such as, Normalized frequency,effective refractive index,total dispersion and higher order dispersions ( Group velocity dispersion and Third Order Dispersion) will be analyzed and compared. Finally it will be observed that, the proposed PCF structure is much simpler than the conventional one in the fabrication process. But they are not suitable for femtosecond solitons propagation .Also, it will be shown that, the situation of the conventional Photonic Crystal Fiber is much better than the proposed structure in the femtosecond optical solitons propagation.  Manuscript profile

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14 - ریز ازدیادی (کشت درون شیشه) کلیماتیس (Clematis orientalis L)
علی ایزدی صادق آبادی احمد خلیقی عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی مرضیه تقی پوردهکردی

مقدمه و هدف: کلیماتیس از گیاهان زینتی و دارویی است که تکثیر و ازدیاد آن از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. در این پژوهش اثر تنظیم‌کننده ‌های رشد بر ریشه زایی و رشد گیاه در شرایط کشت درون شیشه‌ای بررسی گردید. روش تحقیق: به منظور بررسی ریز ازدیادی کلیماتیس تأثیر هورمون‌های &nbs More

مقدمه و هدف: کلیماتیس از گیاهان زینتی و دارویی است که تکثیر و ازدیاد آن از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. در این پژوهش اثر تنظیم‌کننده ‌های رشد بر ریشه زایی و رشد گیاه در شرایط کشت درون شیشه‌ای بررسی گردید. روش تحقیق: به منظور بررسی ریز ازدیادی کلیماتیس تأثیر هورمون‌های  NAA(نفتالین استیک اسید) در غلظت‌های ( 0، 4/0، 5/0 و 6/0 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) وIBA  (ایندول بوتیریک اسید) در غلظت‌های ( 0، 4/0، 5/0 و 6/0 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) با استفاده از کشت ریز نمونه های جانبی و انتهایی در شرایط درون شیشه‌ای حاوی محیط کشت پایه موراشیگی و اسکوگ (MS) بررسی گردید. نتایج و بحث: نتایج نشان داد که غلظت‌های مختلف اکسین بر رشد گیاهچه‌های درون شیشه معنی‌دار بود؛ به طوری که بیشترین درصد ریشه زایی و تعداد شاخه در گیاه شاهد مشاهده شده است. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که با اضافه نمودن هورمون به محیط کشت، ریشه زایی کاهش یافت. بیشترین کاهش با اضافه نمودن 6/0 میلی گرم در لیتر هورمون NAA به محیط کشت MS مشاهده گردید. همچنین استفاده از ریز نمونه های جانبی بر تعداد شاخه گیاه تأثیر معنی داری داشت و موجب افزایش تعداد شاخه گیاه گردید. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: نتایج این تحقیق تاثیر مثبت ریز نمونه های جانبی و محیط کشت بدون هورمون را در افزایش ریزازدیادی کلیماتیس نشان داد. Manuscript profile

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15 - Nano-SiO2/Taurine as a new natural based catalyst for synthesis of hexahydroquinolines derivative
Saeed Sharifi Sharifabad Bi Bi Fatemeh Mirjalili Abdolhamid Bamoniri

10.30495/ijc.2022.1959104.1936

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16 - The Effect of Different Level of Concentrates in Diet on Microbial Protein Synthesis in Iranian Native Buffaloes
K. Jafari Khorshidi Y. Vakilfaraji M. M. Zahedifar

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17 - سطح بالای موننسین برای گاوهای شیری در اواسط شیردهی:قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی، تخمیر شکمبه و سنتز پروتئین میکروبی
جی.ر. گاندرا جی.ای. فریتاس جونیور م. ماتورانا فیلهو ر.و. بارلتا ل.ن. رنو سی.اس. تاکیا ف.پ. رنو

هدف از این مطالعه بررسی قابلیت هضم مواد غذایی، تخمیر شکمبه و سنتز پروتئین میکروبی در گاوهای اواسط دوره شیردهی بود که با سطح بالای موننسین تغذیه شدند. دوازده گاو هلشتاین به چهار مربع لاتین 3 × 3 توزیع شدند و به تیمار های: شاهد (CON)، موننسین 24 (M24، افزودن 24 میلی More

هدف از این مطالعه بررسی قابلیت هضم مواد غذایی، تخمیر شکمبه و سنتز پروتئین میکروبی در گاوهای اواسط دوره شیردهی بود که با سطح بالای موننسین تغذیه شدند. دوازده گاو هلشتاین به چهار مربع لاتین 3 × 3 توزیع شدند و به تیمار های: شاهد (CON)، موننسین 24 (M24، افزودن 24 میلیگرم موننسین/کیلوگرم ماده خشک جیره) و موننسین 48 (M48، افزودن 48 میلیگرم موننسین/کیلوگرم ماده خشک جیره) تقسیم شدند. سطوح موننسین در جیره به طور خطی سبب کاهش مصرف ماده خشک بدون تغییر در قابلیت هضم ظاهری کل مواد مغذی شد. موننسین به طور خطی pH مایع شکمبه و غلظت استات را افزایش داد. موننسین به طور درجه دوم کل اسیدهای چرب با زنجیره کوتاه شکمبه، غلظت پروپیونات، استات و تولید پروپیونات و نسبت استات به پروپیونات را تحت تأثیر قرار داد. علاوه بر این، موننسین به طور خطی بازده سنتز پروتئین میکروبی را افزایش داد. Manuscript profile

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18 - The Effect of Replacing Barley Grain with Powerfeed® in Finishing Diets on the Performance, Serum Sodium and Potassium Concentration, and the Urine pH of Chall Lambs
A. Pirzadeh Naeiny A.A. Khadem M. Rezaeian A. Afzalzadeh M.A. Norouzian

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19 - Investigation of Differences in Biochemical and Mineral Composition of Urine between Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Crossbred Dairy Cattle
م.م. خان اس. پراساد اف.آ. خان اچ.پ. گوپتا

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20 - Effect of various concentrations of different growth regulating hormones on callus weight and the amount of thymol of Thymus daenensis.
Roksana Saleh Mahlagha Ghorbanli Sedighe Khalife

10.30495/ijpp.2016.532431

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21 - Influence of Explant Nodal Positions on the In Vitro Shoot Regeneration of Rose
Shreef Mahmood Bernhard Hausera

The influence of explant nodal positions on the in vitro shoot growth and proliferation were studied in the two rose cvs. ‘Bianca’ and ‘El Torro’. Third, fourth and fifth nodal explants were cultured on the modified MS medium supplemented with 1. More

The influence of explant nodal positions on the in vitro shoot growth and proliferation were studied in the two rose cvs. ‘Bianca’ and ‘El Torro’. Third, fourth and fifth nodal explants were cultured on the modified MS medium supplemented with 1.0 and 5.0 mg/l BA. In both the cultivars, higher rate of proliferation (‘Bianca’ 3.75; ‘El Torro’ 2.65) were obtained from the explants distal to the apex than those of the proximal position with 5.0 mg/l BA. But proliferating shoots derived from the fifth nodal explant with 1.0 mg/l attained highest shoot length (‘Bianca’ 1.43 cm; ‘El Torro’ 1.19 cm) and produced higher number of leaves (‘Bianca’ 5.45; ‘El Torro’ 6.30) and fresh weight (‘Bianca’ 659.38 mg; ‘El Torro’ 255.95 mg) per explant than the third and fourth nodal explants. The fifth nodal explant with 1.0 mg/l BA was found the best treatment for the shoot regeneration of rose cvs. ‘Bianca’ and ‘El Torro’. Manuscript profile

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22 - The effects of Cadmium nitrate and growth regulators in Phaseolus vulgaris L. tissue culture
Aida Taghizadeh ghavidel Ahmad Majd masome mirzai

Cadmium is a heavy metal that it’s poisonous forms can naturally exist in soil or can enter to soil in following ways:by industrial activities,mine probing and agricultural fertilizers.Phaseolus vulgaris L.is one of the plants that can tolerate poison of cadmium a More

Cadmium is a heavy metal that it’s poisonous forms can naturally exist in soil or can enter to soil in following ways:by industrial activities,mine probing and agricultural fertilizers.Phaseolus vulgaris L.is one of the plants that can tolerate poison of cadmium and Bean is one of the most important species in Fabaceae family that have high economic significance in human nutrition.Regeneration by tissue culture is one of the effective and appropriate methods for preserving and also propagation of plants.In this study,research of effects cadmium nitrate and growth regulators in Phaseolus vulgaris L.tissue culture,percentage of germination,rhizogenesis and callus generation of seed of Bean plant cultivar(cos 16)in mediums containing cadmium nitrate and2ip hormone evaluated.In the Beginning seeds were surface sterilized respectively with:etanol70%,distilled water and sodium hypocholorite5%.Sterilized seeds were cultured into different culture containing:T0(MS),T1(MS+ 2ip: 0.1 mg&frasl;l );T2(MS + 2ip: 0.1mg&frasl;l +CdNo3:0.05mg&frasl;l);T3( MS+ CdNo3: 0.05mg&frasl;l)for percentage of germination.Explants of leaf and hypocotyl were prepared from ten-day sterilized seedling cultured in T0 medium and moved in T0(MS),T1(MS+2ip: 3mg&frasl;l );T2(MS+2ip: 5mg&frasl;l).A number of hypocotyl explants were transferred intoT1(MS+ NAA: 0.5mg&frasl;l),T2 (MS+ BAP:2.5mg&frasl;l) ;T3(MS+NAA:0.5mg&frasl;l+BAP:2.5mg&frasl;l). Eventually calluses of hypocotyl explant subcultured fromT0 medium into T0(MS), T1(MS+CdNo3:0.05mg&frasl;l);T2(MS+CdNo3: 0.1mg&frasl;l).According to the above results,maximum and minimum percentage of germination in T0(MS),T3(MS+CdNo3: 0.05mg&frasl;l).Best percentage of callus generation inT0(MS),was observed in hypocotyl explants.Also most rhizogenesis inT2(MS+2ip:5 mg&frasl;l)in leaf explant and Best callus generation and rhizogenesis were seen inT3(MS+NAA: 0.5 mg&frasl;l +BAP:2.5mg&frasl;l)in hypocotyl explant.Finally In subculture of the callus of hypocotyl explant,the most callus generation and rhizogenesis was observed in absence of cadmium nitrate:T0(MS). Manuscript profile

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23 - Investigate of miR-21 expression level in urine samples of people with prostate cancer
Alireza Emamvirdizadeh mehrdad hashemi franak jamshidian

Introduction: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men A group of diagnostic biomarkers is MicroRNA, they can be used to diagnose variable diseases, especially cancers. this study, we investigate changes in the expression level of miR-21 in urine, in people with More

Introduction: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men A group of diagnostic biomarkers is MicroRNA, they can be used to diagnose variable diseases, especially cancers. this study, we investigate changes in the expression level of miR-21 in urine, in people with prostate cancer and healthy group. Materials and methods: This research was done on 70 urine samples of prostate cancer patients (32 Metastatic and 38 Non-metastatic) and 30 control samples with negative biopsy report. First RNA was extracted with Trizol, after the cDNA synthesis, changes in the expression of miR-21 and miR-214 in the urine of people with prostate cancer and healthy group were investigated by using Real-time PCR. Statistical analysis of data was calculated with REST 2009. Results: The results revealed the presence of miR-21 in urine samples in patients with prostate cancer, and it was found that miR-21 showed a significant increase in expression (P=0.003) than healthy group. miR-21 in metastatic group (P=0.042) demonstrate over expression than non-metastatic group (P=0.036). Conclusions: The results show that, miR-21 has significant change in expression level in patients with prostate cancer in compare of healthy group, and can be a non-invasive method to detect prostatic patients and also use this biomarker to determine metastatic and non-metastatic group. Manuscript profile

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24 - Investigation of miR-25 expression level in urine samples of people with prostate cancer
Alireza Emamvirdizadeh ملیحه انتظاری Saghi Nooraei Faranak Jamshidian Hamidreza Gholamrezaei

10.30495/jdb.2021.686990

Introduction: After breast cancer, prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men. Screening is recommended by examining prostate-specific antigen levels and performing accurate rectal tests, but there are still problems with the specificity and sensitivity of these t More

Introduction: After breast cancer, prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men. Screening is recommended by examining prostate-specific antigen levels and performing accurate rectal tests, but there are still problems with the specificity and sensitivity of these tests. A group of diagnostic biomarkers are microRNAs, a class of small non-coding RNAs that play a broad regulatory role in molecular signaling pathways in the cell. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the expression level of miR-25 in the urine of patients with prostate cancer (metastatic and non-metastatic groups) and healthy individuals.Materials and methods: 70 urine samples from prostate cancer patients (32 metastatic and 38 non-metastatic) and 30 from healthy subjects with negative biopsy reports were collected. RNA was extracted with Trizol, after the cDNA synthesis, the expression level of miR-25 in the urine was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Statistical analysis of data was calculated with REST 2009.Results: The results showed that miR-25 significantly reduced expression in patients with prostate cancer compared with healthy individuals (P = 0.001). Also, miR-25 in the metastatic group (p = 0.002) had a lower expression than the non-metastatic group (p = 0.045) compared to healthy individuals.Conclusions: The results of this study showed that miR-25 had a significant decrease in expression in patients with prostate cancer compared to healthy individuals, which with further studies is hoped to be able to diagnose patients with prostate cancer and even distinguish metastatic and non-metastatic groups. Manuscript profile

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25 - A fast and easy detection for Listeria monocytogenes in urine of women using polymerase chain reaction and fluorescent probes hlyA gene
Mohammad Sbhani Lari Nader Shahrokhi Mohammad Kargar

Background & Objectives: Listeria monocytogenes is one of the etiologic causes of asymptomatic infection that can cause urogenital tract infection in infants and fetal death. Given the challenges posed by growing the bacteria, this study aimed to detect Listeria in More

Background & Objectives: Listeria monocytogenes is one of the etiologic causes of asymptomatic infection that can cause urogenital tract infection in infants and fetal death. Given the challenges posed by growing the bacteria, this study aimed to detect Listeria in urine using polymerase chain reaction and fluorescent probes. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 urine samples obtained from the patients who were referred to a specialized center for women in Jahrom and Larestan. The sensitivity of the technique was evaluated using a standard strain. Then hlyA gene probes were designed using the polymerase chain reaction, and fluorescence level was determined by fluorescent probes. Results: Based on FLASH-PCR assay between 5 to 10 genes were detected in each reaction. Using fluorescent probes for L. monocytogenes hlyA gene overall, 30 out of 100 clinical samples (30%) were infected to this bacterium. Conclusion: The results showed that fluorescent probe increase speed, sensitivity and specificity of the molecular identification of Listeria and therefore it can be a suitable alternative to electrophoresis. Thus, with respect to the accuracy of this non-invasive method it is possible to monitor larger amounts of samples suspected to L. monocytogenes infections. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - Detection of T6SS secretory system and membrane purine involved in antibiotic resistance in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates
Tohid Piri Gharaghie Abbas Doosti Seyed Abbas Mirzaei

10.30495/jmw.2021.690441

Background & Objectives: Type 6 secretory system (T6SS) and the presence of a strong efflux pump due to membrane purine are important indicators of pathogenicity of Acinetobacter baumannii. This study aimed to track the secretory system of T6SS and membrane purine a More

Background & Objectives: Type 6 secretory system (T6SS) and the presence of a strong efflux pump due to membrane purine are important indicators of pathogenicity of Acinetobacter baumannii. This study aimed to track the secretory system of T6SS and membrane purine as well as the pattern of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates.Materials and methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on 33 strains of A. baumannii isolated from clinical samples including blood, urine, respiratory trachea, and wound. Antibiotic susceptibility of isolates was evaluated by the disk diffusion method according to CLSI protocol. Also, the frequency of genes encoding the effector proteins secreted from the type 6     secretory system and membrane purine was determined using Multiplex PCR.Results: 31 strains of A. baumannii were identified, using the molecular method.  A. baumannii isolates showed 93.55% sensitivity to colistin sulfate. The lowest susceptibility was related to five classes of antibiotics: fluoroquinolones (12.9%), cephalosporins (6.45%), aminoglycosides (6.45%), macrolides (16.1%), and inhibitory antibiotics (12.1%). The results showed that in addition to the MDR phenotype (100% of isolates), 20 isolates (64.52%) had the XDR phenotype. The frequency of the hcp gene was confirmed in 18 isolates (58%) and ompC in all isolates (100%). Also, the frequency of the ompC gene in MDR and XDR isolates was 100%. However, the hcp gene was observed only in the XDR phenotype with 90% frequency. Conclusion: The results of this study showed the possible effect of the hcp gene on the compatibility of A. baumannii isolates with unfavorable conditions and the occurrence of resistance phenotype.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - The effect of taurine amino acid addition on performance, carcass characteristics, blood factors and liver enzymes in broilers
tahereh sandoghdar mehrdad irani Shahabodin Gharahveysi

This research was conducted in order to study the effect of taurine amino acid addition on performance, carcass characteristics, blood factors and liver enzymes in broilers. The experiment was conducted in 45 days in the form of a completely random design with 300 piece More

This research was conducted in order to study the effect of taurine amino acid addition on performance, carcass characteristics, blood factors and liver enzymes in broilers. The experiment was conducted in 45 days in the form of a completely random design with 300 pieces of one-day-old broilers of the Ras strain, including 4 treatments, 5 repetitions and 15 birds in each repetition with the same energy and protein diets with the same rearing conditions. The experimental treatments included: the first treatment (basic diet) and the second, third and fourth treatments respectively: the basic diet along with 1 g/kg taurine amino acid, 3 g/kg taurine amino acid and 6 g/kg taurine amino acid. The results showed that body weight gain, feed consumption and food conversion ratio were significant between the experimental treatments and the control treatment during the breeding period (P0.05). But numerically, a better performance was observed with the addition of taurine supplement to the diet in these enzymes. (P > 0.05). In general, the results of this experiment showed that adding 6 grams/kg of taurine amino acid leads to an improvement in the titer of blood parameters and liver enzymes without negatively affecting the performance and characteristics of the carcass. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - The first report of Dourine's disease in horses with suspected clinical forms of the disease in the rural villages of Dorood city, Lorestan province, Iran
saeid Hashemi Meisam Salarvand

10.30495/vmj.2022.1965806.1020

Dourine is a parasitic venereal disease of horses caused by the flagellated protozoan Trypanosome equi perdum from the Trypanosomatida's order. This deadly disease, which existed in the past and is emerging again in Lorestan today, has not been investigated in Lorestan More

Dourine is a parasitic venereal disease of horses caused by the flagellated protozoan Trypanosome equi perdum from the Trypanosomatida's order. This deadly disease, which existed in the past and is emerging again in Lorestan today, has not been investigated in Lorestan despite suspected cases.Therefore, for this purpose, venous blood samples (4 stallion samples and 9 mare samples) were collected from 13 suspected horses by referring to four villages on the outskirts of Dorood city, were collected from May 2020 to May 2021. The results of the field examination of the animal include fever of 38.5 ± 1 degrees Celsius, edema of the genital tract and rapid fatigue, and paleness of the eye mucosa, eye hyperemia (6 cases of fever and 2 cases of eye infection), cardiac tachycardia, and in one case of a stallion, a skin plaque with a diameter of 5 Centimeters were seen on the leg. From each horse, 20 ml of blood was taken from the Vedic vein, and the samples were analyzed by the method of preparing a slide from a buffy coat and measuring the hematocrit in a capillary tube. Out of 13 horses studied, 7 cases showed a hematocrit of 32 ± 1%. The average hematocrit was 28% ± 1 in 4 stallions and 30% ± 1 in 3 mares. The trypomastigote forms of the parasite Trypanosome equipurdum, with an average absolute frequency of the disease of 23.07%, were seen in three samples Manuscript profile

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