Objective: The purpose of the present study is the exploration and analysis of the research trends and obvious methodologies in the study of the Public Administration (PA), especially in the content of the journal of "Public Administration and Development (PAD)" and "In More
Objective: The purpose of the present study is the exploration and analysis of the research trends and obvious methodologies in the study of the Public Administration (PA), especially in the content of the journal of "Public Administration and Development (PAD)" and "International Public Management Journal (IPMJ)" in the 5-years period of time (2010-2014). Methods: Present study is a qualitative research based on the content analysis, which uses the descriptive-analytical approaches to evaluate and descript the content of journals' published papers. Findings: Findings shows that journal of "Public Administration and Development (PAD)" pays more attention to the papers which uses qualitative methods for the gathering and analysis of data, but "International Public Management Journal(IPMJ)"focus more on the papers which use quantitative methods for the gathering and analysis of data. In the case of the considered research topics, both of them move in line with each other and in the line of their own determined mission. The common focus of two journals puts on the issues such as: public service and public service motivation, public-private-civil society(citizenship)partnerships, governance and good governance, public sector performance, administrative and management reforms in the public sector, models and theoretical foundations of the public management and public administration.
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The current study aims to investigate the impact of intelligent leadership and organizational structure on Management Accounting Trends with emphasis on the role of mediator IT is done. The method of the study is descriptive and the research plan is correlation through More
The current study aims to investigate the impact of intelligent leadership and organizational structure on Management Accounting Trends with emphasis on the role of mediator IT is done. The method of the study is descriptive and the research plan is correlation through structural equations modeling. The total population of the study included the entire high level managers of companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange in 2018, i.e. 500 individuals, out of whom 215 were selected as the sample population of the study based on Cochran formula using random sampling. To collect research data from three researcher-made questionnaires of intelligent leadership, organizational structure and management accounting trends and Standard Questionnaire Information technology was used. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis, composite reliability index (CR) and mean variance index, the content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis, composite reliability index (CR) and mean variance index, the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Research data after collecting were analyzed using Lisrel and SPSS software. The results show that smart leadership is directly and with the mediating role of information technology has a positive and significant impact on management accounting. Also, it was found that the organizational structure is directly and with the mediating role of IT has a positive and significant impact On Management Accounting. As a result, to develop management accounting trends intelligent leadership, organizational structure and information technology must be considered.
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In this study we present a modle to show the impact of financial intelligence and behaviors tendencies of invester`s decisions based on the theory of planned behavior. statistical community in this research is Tehran stock exchange.the data collected through Standardize More
In this study we present a modle to show the impact of financial intelligence and behaviors tendencies of invester`s decisions based on the theory of planned behavior. statistical community in this research is Tehran stock exchange.the data collected through Standardized questionnaire including,investment decisions that distributed among active investors in Tehran stock exchange in the second half of the 1395 were distributed.analysis of data is based on t-test and using spss 23 , smart pls3.to assess normality we use the kolmogrof-smirnof test.the results show that variables such rational behavior,the behavior of the messes,reaction,behavior based on experience and trial and error behavorial based on behavorial and attitudinal trends,norm behaivior perceived behavior control based on financial intelligence and eventually effect investment decisions. The impact of behavioral tendencies 0.822 and financial intelligence was 0.810 and behavior tendency to have a greater impact on investment decisions is financial intelligence.
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Mustafa Lutfi el-Manfaluti is one of the literary men whose writing method was effective on literary change of the previous generation. He was born in Egypt. He was interested in reading literary books; that’s why he had completed the science by Mohammad Abdoh. He More
Mustafa Lutfi el-Manfaluti is one of the literary men whose writing method was effective on literary change of the previous generation. He was born in Egypt. He was interested in reading literary books; that’s why he had completed the science by Mohammad Abdoh. He had translated many stories and articles and had applied some French stories in his writings. His books are the most eloquent Arabic ones in the contemporary era.
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Exchange rates always have a high priority and attractiveness in society, especially among companies. Different methods are used to predict the exchange rate, among which structural methods as methods of fundamental analysis, a little precision in advance. They have an More
Exchange rates always have a high priority and attractiveness in society, especially among companies. Different methods are used to predict the exchange rate, among which structural methods as methods of fundamental analysis, a little precision in advance. They have an accurate forecast of the exchange rate, but they are very useful as a long-term perspective and illuminate the movement of the exchange rate. Technical compensation can be used to compensate for the shortcomings of these methods. Using futures research techniques, in addition to covering the study gap of futures research techniques in forecasting exchange rates, errors due to quantitative methods have been minimized so that companies are prepared for the occurrence of various situations. In the final part of the article, the effect of currency fluctuations on the performance indicators of the tobacco company during the last three years is examined. The results of the study indicate that currency fluctuations have the first and greatest impact on the implementation of development projects and also sudden economic shocks are not immediately reflected in the performance of companies and due to the presence of shock absorbers such as inventory in Warehousing, borrowing purchases and long-term debt creation, over time, gradually affect and weaken the company's performance.
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Despite the significant progresses made in the reduction of mortality due to cardiovascular diseases, they are still the primary cause of death in many countries and hyperlipidemia is an important causal agent of cardiovascular diseases. Probio More
Despite the significant progresses made in the reduction of mortality due to cardiovascular diseases, they are still the primary cause of death in many countries and hyperlipidemia is an important causal agent of cardiovascular diseases. Probiotics are food supplements containing live microbes which balance the flora of the digestive system and produce positive effects in the host body. L.acidophilus is a beneficial bacterium used in the production of probiotic products .The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of consumption of milk containing L.acidophilus on serum lipid trends of rats fed high lipid diet. This is an experimental study in which 30 male albino Wistar rats with a body weight of 200±15 gr. were randomly allocated to two groups of treatment and control each containing 15 rats which were adapted to a high lipid diet (11.74%) and water containing 25% milk within a week. Rats in both groups received high lipid diet and water containing 25% milk for 60 days with the exception that rats in the treatment group received water containing L. acidophilus at a level of 109 CFU/rat/day throughout the experiment. Independent t-test revealed that at a level of α= 0.05, mean levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C of rats in the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05), and HDL-C of rats in the treatment group was significantly higher than the control group (p<0.05), but the mean levels of triglyceride and VLDL-C was not significantly different. Also increase in body weight was significantly higher in the treatment group compared with the control group (p<0.01). On the whole, long term daily consumption of milk containing L. acidophilus improves serum lipid trends by lowering total cholesterol level and LDL-C and increasing HDL-C and also increases the rate of body growth.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects ofconsumption of different amounts of fermented milk by L.casei on serum lipid trends including total cholesterol, LDL-C, HLD-C, VLDL-C and triglyceride in the serum of rats fed 1 and 2% cholesterol enriched diet. For th More
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects ofconsumption of different amounts of fermented milk by L.casei on serum lipid trends including total cholesterol, LDL-C, HLD-C, VLDL-C and triglyceride in the serum of rats fed 1 and 2% cholesterol enriched diet. For this purpose 49 male albino wistar rats with a body weight of 200±15 gr were randomly allocated to seven groups each containing 7 rats and adapted to new conditions during a week. Rats in the first group (control group) received commercial diet and water for 30 days, the second to fourth groups received diet enriched with 1% cholesterol and rats in the fifth to seventh groups received diet enriched with 2% cholesterol. Each rat in the fourth and seventh groups (double dose receiving treatment groups) consumed fermented milk containing 4×108 CFU bacteria per day, rats in the third and sixth groups (single dose receiving treatment groups) consumed fermented milk containing 2×108 CFU bacteria per day and in the second and fifth groups (sham group) consumed sterilized milk instead of fermented milk. According to the statistical tests, one way analysis of variance and Tukey at a level of α= 0.05, mean levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C of rats in the double dose receiving treatment groups and single dose receiving treatment groups were significantly lower and mean level of HDL-C was significantly higher than sham group (p<0.05). In the rats fed 1% enriched cholesterol, mean levels of VLDL-C and triglyceride of rats in the double dose receiving treatment groups were significantly lower than sham group (p<0.05). Long term daily consumption of milk fermented by L.casei improves serum lipid trends by lowering total cholesterol and LDL-C level and by increasing HDL-C level. The effectiveness of this probiotic on lipid trends is dose dependent.
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Abstract: The Middle East is one of the most important regions of the world that has been affected by terrorism as one of the most serious security threats for the future of the region. Although the states in the region have adopted different strategies to fight his phe More
Abstract: The Middle East is one of the most important regions of the world that has been affected by terrorism as one of the most serious security threats for the future of the region. Although the states in the region have adopted different strategies to fight his phenomenon yet these strategies have not been able to effectively resolve the problem in the region and at the international level. The present article takes the help of English school theory of international relations and wants to answer this question as to what desirable and probable trend will exist in future for dealing with terrorism at the international level? The finding of the study shows that a scenario with characteristic like the solidarity of international community in fight against terrorism, more serious leadership of the United Nations, commitment to human rights while fighting against terrorism, formation of a coherent operational strategy, accepting the jurisdiction of International Punitive Court for punishing the agents of terrorist acts and strengthening equality and justice, will be the most favorable and probable outlook for fight against terrorism in the international arena in coming three decades. The purpose of the present paper is to examine the threats coming from terrorism and the opportunities for fighting against it with coming three decades with the cooperation of international community under the leadership of the United Nations. The methodology used in the paper is descriptive-analytical and futures studies.
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The aim of the present article is to identify the grand trend of the international system in beginning of the new millennium. The question which is raised is what grand processes the international system after the collapse of the Soviet Union is having which limits the More
The aim of the present article is to identify the grand trend of the international system in beginning of the new millennium. The question which is raised is what grand processes the international system after the collapse of the Soviet Union is having which limits the decision makers in formulating their foreign policy? The finding of the study shows the instances like the increasing role of national and international public opinion, the rise in the importance and place of terrorist organizations in creating world insecurity, the expansion of the wave of demand for democracy and the emergence of more democratic governments in the world, the multi aspect process of globalization, the change of the traditional concept of security to a complicated and multi faceted concept, economic and security regionalism and finally the United States unilateralism and its disregard for international norms are among the important trends which have affected the international system. Therefore, the governments notwithstanding the structural limitations are facing procedural limitations and have to formulate and implement their foreign policies within these constraints.
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جهت برآورد روندهای ژنتیکی و فنوتیپی از 72124 رکورد باروری گاوهای هلشتاین ایران که طی سالهای 1360 تا 1386 جمعآوری شده بود، استفاده شد. صفات باروری عبارت بودند از: فاصله زایش تا اولین تلقیح (DFS)، تعداد تلقیح به ازای هر آبستنی (INS)، روزهای باز (DO)، فاصله بین اولین و More
جهت برآورد روندهای ژنتیکی و فنوتیپی از 72124 رکورد باروری گاوهای هلشتاین ایران که طی سالهای 1360 تا 1386 جمعآوری شده بود، استفاده شد. صفات باروری عبارت بودند از: فاصله زایش تا اولین تلقیح (DFS)، تعداد تلقیح به ازای هر آبستنی (INS)، روزهای باز (DO)، فاصله بین اولین و آخرین تلقیح (IFL)، فاصله گوسالهزایی (CI) و موفقیت در اولین تلقیح (SF). روند ژنتیکی مطلوب و معنیدار برای صفات باروری مشاهده گردید. میانگین ارزش اصلاحی SF در هر سال 00067/0 افزایش یافت. روند ژنتیکی سالانه برای INS، DFS، IFL، CI و DO به ترتیب برابر 0029/0-، 062/0-، 041/0-، 23/0- و 24/0- بود. روند فنوتیپی بجز برای DO و DFS برای بقیه صفات باروری نامطلوب بود. روند فنوتیپی برای IFL، INS و SF روند افزایشی نامطلوب بود. روند فنوتیپی برای DO و CI در طول زمان بدون تغییر بود. مقدار IFL از لحاظ فنوتیپی 6/1 روز افزایش و DFS 6/1 روز کاهش یافته است. روند فنوتیپی سالانه برای INS و SF به ترتیب برابر 04/0 و 018/0- بود.
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Human predilection to enjoy happiness and inner tranquility, depending on the intellectual and social situation in the Persianquatrains in the form of phrasesconnected with taste and ethical teachingshas been manifested. As this doctrine has always been one of the centr More
Human predilection to enjoy happiness and inner tranquility, depending on the intellectual and social situation in the Persianquatrains in the form of phrasesconnected with taste and ethical teachingshas been manifested. As this doctrine has always been one of the central didactic themes in the poem. This article intends to contemplateon the Iranian most popularquatrains, tillthe 8th century,in order to not only understanding the quality ofdistinct reflections of the teachings in their work, and findingthe social and intellectual fundamentals of the idea of inviting the audience to use every opportunity, lenienceand joyfulness,but alsofindingthe quality of the idea being impressedbyemotional and intellectual society situations. According to the study, ethical teachings in thesequatrains, being profoundly impressed by current thoughts and political situations, despite thesimilarities to the idea of hedonism in the attitude of the meaning of happiness, peace, and strategies to achieve,have benefitted fromthe deep intellectual supports, independent ofthe school of hedonism, which arerooted in their humanistic worldview and attitude.
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Today, the importance of the role of human capital as a vital and privileged factor for the survival and success of organizations has been increasingly considered.Organizations should be familiar with the techniques of this action in order to identify and attract capabl More
Today, the importance of the role of human capital as a vital and privileged factor for the survival and success of organizations has been increasingly considered.Organizations should be familiar with the techniques of this action in order to identify and attract capable HR.Competency identification is the common language for describing the needs of each job, and the competency model is an appropriate tool for identifying competencies.The purpose of this study is to present a model of HR competencies for customs organization in Futuristic approach. Identifying the factors Effective the Customs by studying processes by environmental scanning method (PESTEL technique) and identification of drivers is done by analyzing the data in Micmac software. Then, the future Customs scenarios was adjusted (CBI) and analyzed by data in Wizard scenario.To identify indicators of HR competency, while using the scenarios of Customs, the interview method was used and a questionnaire was used to assess the model. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and statistical tests in SPSS and PLS software. Identifying environmental factors affecting the organization, identifying drivers, uncertainties, and Customs future scenarios can improve long-term forecasting. Results show; Value, knowledge and skills have been identified as effective dimensions of the competency model and core values,professional, operational and managerial competencies have been identified as model areas (levels). Develop competency model with a futuristic approach as a practical solution can help customs managers define the skills and knowledge needed for jobs, evaluate and improve employee performance, align the talent management process with organizational strategy.
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Since the beginning of writing and with emerging thinking in the human society,e especially in humanity sciences, the writing and thinking were intracting in different manners in various places and times. Also , this was a bit common in Iran. It could be said that this More
Since the beginning of writing and with emerging thinking in the human society,e especially in humanity sciences, the writing and thinking were intracting in different manners in various places and times. Also , this was a bit common in Iran. It could be said that this was observed for these recent hundred years and has been recently established as the thinking trends. Clearly , the way for emerging their own thoughts by using their thoughts. Additionally , they followed the political, social and cultural thoughts through the thinking frameworks through of story styles. Among the authors, Hosshang Golshiri was Specially credited. With regarding the social , Political and cultural aspects interacting on each other and with a gesture on the political, social positions of the previous periods, his stories will be analyzed in terms of the contemporary thinking approaches.It will be clarified that he was strongly influenced by the trends while also he himself was influencing on the trends.
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Civil society is an issue that has attracted the attention of many thinkers and Various scientific fields such as law, political science, management, sociology, etc. encompasses.. The concept of civil society in the development of modernist discourse is a special place More
Civil society is an issue that has attracted the attention of many thinkers and Various scientific fields such as law, political science, management, sociology, etc. encompasses.. The concept of civil society in the development of modernist discourse is a special place to review the theories of political development after the Second World War show The development and formation of civil society and political development, in fact, one of the basic conditions is a precondition for the fulfillment of all other conditions . Background Of formation of civil society in Iran has been facing many difficulties. Due to the changes that are driving this trend continues and there is not possible in this area. The purpose of the implementation of the method (CLA) that it has designed Sohail Inayatullah This is done by analyzing the causes layered, deconstructs social phenomena and And to achieve deep understanding of the underlying layers of problems, to a deeper understanding of the subject there.
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