Total factor productivity

Open Access Article

1 - Analysis of the role of research and development and the volume of imports on agricultural total factor productivity in Iran
علی باقرزاده اکبر کمیجانی

According to development economists in the modern theory of economic growth, total factor productivity is affected by domestic research and development costs .It also depends on the accumulation of foreign R & D and the volume of imports. According to the results of More

According to development economists in the modern theory of economic growth, total factor productivity is affected by domestic research and development costs .It also depends on the accumulation of foreign R & D and the volume of imports. According to the results of this research, total factor productivity in agriculture of Iran's is dependent on domestic and foreign R & D expenditures and the volume of imports from Partners. For this purpose, a model of agricultural total factor productivity to Iran with the help of ARDL econometrics approach and the time series between 1980 - 2010 was estimated.  The results showed that effect of domestic research expenditures on agricultural productivity is less than of foreign investment in research and development. In this study, intermediate inputs and goods imports have a positive and significant impact on agricultural TFP in the long-term. Climatic conditions as a symbol of rain, has a positive effect on agricultural total factor productivity. Based on this model, it is suggested that a significant proportion of GDP allocated to domestic agricultural research.  Furthermore, it is essential that agricultural imports from countries with a high volume of research and development to be done to enhance the size of productivity in this sector. Manuscript profile

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2 - Total Factor Productivity of Manufacturing Sector in India: A Regional Analysis for the State of Haryana
Shallu Sehgal Suparn Sharma

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3 - Productivity analysis in the banking system (The short-term and long-term causality between labor, capital adequacy and total factor productivity in banks)
Ahoo famil Bakhtiyari Hojabrkiani Kambiz Abbas Memarnegad ّّFarhad Ghaffari

Improving the productivity of financial markets plays an important role in the economies of countries. Given the bank-oriented financing system of most countries, it is important to know the ways to measure and increase the level of productivity in banks. Accordingly, t More

Improving the productivity of financial markets plays an important role in the economies of countries. Given the bank-oriented financing system of most countries, it is important to know the ways to measure and increase the level of productivity in banks. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is investigating the short-term and long-term causality between capital adequacy, labor and Total Factor Productivity (TFP) in a set of 10 banks listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in 2010-2019. So, Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) method, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and Wald test have been used. According to the results, in the short run, a one-way Causality from capital adequacy to TFP is obtained. In the long run, the two-way relationships between labor and capital adequacy variables with TFP are positive. In this study, the error correction term, which indicates the speed of short-term adjustment to long-term equilibrium, has been evaluated Manuscript profile

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4 - Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Productivity Growth with Emphasis on Human Capital and Institutional Quality in Iran: An Application of Wavelet Analysis.
Fatemeh Sadat Alavi Nazar Dahmardeh

The examination of correlation between foreign direct investment (FDI) and total factor productivity growth is one of the controversial issues in economy. Total factor productivity is one of the most important sources of economic growth in many countries, but it remains More

The examination of correlation between foreign direct investment (FDI) and total factor productivity growth is one of the controversial issues in economy. Total factor productivity is one of the most important sources of economic growth in many countries, but it remains at low level in Iran's economy. On the other hand, foreign direct investment can be effective in increasing productivity by transferring technology, provided that there are absorption capacities in the host country. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the idea that FDI in interaction with human capital and institutional quality, as absorptive capacities, has a significant impact on productivity growth. For this purpose, in this study, data from 1989-2017 period in Iran and continuous wavelet analysis in content software were used to provide a new insight into time-frequency analysis. The results show that FDI alone in the short and medium term stimulates productivity growth in a limited way. In terms of human capital and institutional quality, long-term foreign direct investment (over 6 years) has a direct and significant impact on productivity growth. According to the findings of the study, skilled human capital and institutional reforms are needed to attract foreign investment and influence its productivity. Manuscript profile

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5 - Effects of Human Capital on Total Factor Productivity in Iran
Ahmad Asadzadeh Parviz Mohammadzadeh Akram Akbari Somaye Atapour

For many economic planners and policy makers, enhancing productivityhas been one of the efficient methods in increasing economic growth. Basedon that, countries have invested a great deal to increase total factorproductivity. In this article, the effect of human capital More

For many economic planners and policy makers, enhancing productivityhas been one of the efficient methods in increasing economic growth. Basedon that, countries have invested a great deal to increase total factorproductivity. In this article, the effect of human capital, openness to tradeand inflation on total factor productivity has been investigated in Iran during1976-2012. We estimated total factor productivity TFP, using Malmquistindex. We also investigated the effects of various factors on productivity,using Johansen and Juselius’ co-integration techniques. Our findingsindicate that human capital has a positive effect on productivity. We alsofound that openness has a positive and inflation has a negative effect on totalfactor productivity in Iran Manuscript profile

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6 - The Impact of the Information and Communication Technology on Production and Total Factor Productivity of Industrial Firms
Yadollah Rajaye

This article has investigated the effect of information and communication technology (ICT) on the production and total factor productivity by using the analysis of the panel data. To perform this, the analysis was done through the application of the statistical data rec More

This article has investigated the effect of information and communication technology (ICT) on the production and total factor productivity by using the analysis of the panel data. To perform this, the analysis was done through the application of the statistical data received from the industrial firms related to Iran's StatisticsCenter using a panel data model to the firm level, based on the latest published information (2006-2007). The study has been conducted with two approaches. In the first one, the effects of information and communication technology on the production through estimating the expanded function of Cobb Douglas, regarding the largeness of the agency and the type of the industry have been noted. Six measuring characteristics related to the amount of implementing information and communication technology in Iranian Industry, within the scope of agencies, have been taken into account. In the second approach, the extended production function of Cobb Douglas has been estimated for the two groups of agencies. The groups included those which applied computers in doing the tasks and those which did not. Then, the amounts of the productivity of total production factors were compared. Accordingly, the effect of ICT on production in the first approach, and its effect on total factor productivity in the second one have been considered. The results indicate that most ICT characteristics confirm the positive effects of the information and communication technology on the productivity to the firm level. Also, the results of the second approach validate the undeniable impact of the so-called technologies on the total factor productivity.   Manuscript profile

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7 - The role of productivity of total factor inputs in buihding domain in Iran and Azerbaijan countries
hossein parham Mohabat Mohammadoof

The constant importance of assets market necessitates continual investigation of housing and real estate market. Economical fluctuations variables in different sections in particular in assets market are a common phenomenon in most of the countries. Economy may once rea More

The constant importance of assets market necessitates continual investigation of housing and real estate market. Economical fluctuations variables in different sections in particular in assets market are a common phenomenon in most of the countries. Economy may once reach the highest point and yet the lowest in another. One of the most important parts of assets is housing estate. This study is about to investigate the effect of total factor inputs productivity on building construction price index in Iran and Azerbaijan countries in a span of time between 1998-2014 based on quarterly measures. To assess the effects of the variables auto regression distributed lag method was used. The results indicated that, total factor inputs on building construction price index in the short and long run has positive impact on the field of building price index in both Iran and Azerbaijan countries. The credit facilities granted by the banking system, total housing production costs, inflation and urbanity acted as control variables had significant and positive impact on the housing price in both of countries. Which were entered into the model as control variables, have had significant and positive impact on the housing price in such countries. Manuscript profile

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8 - Applying the mathematical expected growth on common investment Funds and assessing pure productivity growth indices based on Malamaqueist productivity index
Ali Mansory Homa Droody Nargess Saadati

The favorable investment funds play a suitable role in economic growth and development of a country. Thus, the investment fund has a key role in guiding the capital investment. The study aimed at the performance net growth of investment funds. The research method was ca More

The favorable investment funds play a suitable role in economic growth and development of a country. Thus, the investment fund has a key role in guiding the capital investment. The study aimed at the performance net growth of investment funds. The research method was casual-comparative. In order to assess the total productivity changes the malamaqeist, s total productivity index in regard to its assessment growth regression was used. According to the previous researches, the beta coefficient of the fund, expenses and net asset value (NAV) at the beginning of each year was selected as input variable, and the average annual return on investment (ROI) from the time of establishment, and the end of the year (NAV) were used as output variable. Accordingly the total malmaqueist,s  productivity index was applied to the 19 common investment funds in 2013 and 2014 respectively. At the same time, mathematical expected growth of investment funds was compared with the status of each investment funds growth (regression) to neutralize the impact of environmental factors and assess the productivity performance growth in relation to each other. The results showed that the first mutual funds of agricultural bank with 314percent growth performance was in the first rank and gained the greatest growth rate and the joint funds of omid-saham with 38 percent regression had the greatest decline. Manuscript profile

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9 - TFP Growth, Technological Progress, Efficiency Changes: Empirical Evidence from Iranian Manufacturing Industries
saeed isazadeh masoud soufimajidpour

The purpose of this paper is decomposition of total factor productivity (TFP) to technological progress, technical efficiency, allocative efficiency, scale effects in Iran’s manufacturing industries. For this, a stochastic Frontier production model was estimated f More

The purpose of this paper is decomposition of total factor productivity (TFP) to technological progress, technical efficiency, allocative efficiency, scale effects in Iran’s manufacturing industries. For this, a stochastic Frontier production model was estimated for 135 manufacturing industries over the period 1379-1393. The findings showed that technological progress in 21 industrial groups has been grew on average 12 percent annually. In relation to technical efficiency many of technical industries have been weaken in using exist technologies or have been inefficient technically. The third factor findings showed that Iran’s manufacturing industries have been utilized from scale effects. In relation to allocative efficiency, also, all groups have experienced negative growth except Recycle group. In result, among components of total factor productivity, allocative efficiency has been more unfavorable and it refers to in Iran’s economy the resources allocate in unfavorable.  On the base of the results, improvement in financing system, increasing in private sector capacitance, improvement in business space are suggested.  Manuscript profile

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10 - The Effect of Capital Income Share Variation on Economic Growth and Total Factor Productivity: A Growth Accounting Approach
mehdi fathabadi

The factors ‘shares are constant in Solow growth accounting approach. The purposes of this paper are evaluating the effect of capital income share change on economic growth, implementing the growth accounting approach to calculate total factor productivity (TFP) c More

The factors ‘shares are constant in Solow growth accounting approach. The purposes of this paper are evaluating the effect of capital income share change on economic growth, implementing the growth accounting approach to calculate total factor productivity (TFP) considering that capital income share to be changed; and finally, estimating the effect of capital income share and it’s variation on TFP growth.   For this reason, the data of value added, capital stock, and labor compensation with constant values at 2011 as well as labor forces data of manufacturing industries in 31 Iran’s provinces during 2000-2014 have been collected. Findings show that the capital income share variation had positive effect on income per capita in provinces ‘manufacturing industries with value 11.5 thousand Rials. The growth accounting results indicate that classic factors contribution (labor and capital stock) of economic growth was 11.4 and 200 percent, respectively. Moreover, capital income share variation and Zuleta TFP contribution of manufacturing industries economic growth are 30 and -141 percent, respectively. Finally, outcomes of panel least squares (PLS) estimation show that capital income share variation has significant and positive effect on TFP growth, but income share level doesn’t significant effect during the considered period. In fact, a one percent increase in capital income share will increase the TFP growth by approximately 2.6 percent; which these are due to variation of factor abundant ratio and biased technological change in provinces ‘manufacturing industries of Iran.        Manuscript profile

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11 - Total Factor Productivity of Khosh Noosh Beverage Company
naserali yadollahzadeh tabari seyedeh zahra khoshabi

One of the most important objectives of all economic Companies is to get maximum returns of available resources and to achieve high level of productivity. This study is done in order to measure the total factor productivity in Sari Khosh Noosh Company during 2003-2009 b More

One of the most important objectives of all economic Companies is to get maximum returns of available resources and to achieve high level of productivity. This study is done in order to measure the total factor productivity in Sari Khosh Noosh Company during 2003-2009 by using monthly data and production function. At first, we took the data of capital stock based on exponential trend. Then, different types of functions were estimated, and finally chose Cobb-Douglas production function as the best form. To guarantee avoiding spurious regression, co-integration tests are used. Ultimately, by using Kenderik index, we calculated the total factor productivity and its growth rate. The results explained that, during of this period, the total productivity of the company has decreased. Manuscript profile

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12 - اثر تکانه‌های موقتی و دائمی‌بهره‌وری کل بر تقاضای واردات بخش کشاورزی ایران
زهرا توکلی Sedigheh Nabieian محمدرضا زارع مهرجردی سید عبدالمجید جلایی

تئوریهای اقتصادی نشان میدهند که، مسیر حرکت و اندازه نوسان متغیرهای اقتصادی بستگی به نوع و اندازه تکانههای وارده به آنها دارد. برای نوسانات تقاضای واردات علل متفاوتی ذکر میشود. از آن جمله میتوان به تکانههای بهرهوری اشاره کرد. برهمی More

تئوریهای اقتصادی نشان میدهند که، مسیر حرکت و اندازه نوسان متغیرهای اقتصادی بستگی به نوع و اندازه تکانههای وارده به آنها دارد. برای نوسانات تقاضای واردات علل متفاوتی ذکر میشود. از آن جمله میتوان به تکانههای بهرهوری اشاره کرد. برهمین اساس، این پژوهش به دنبال شناسایی اثر تکانههای بهرهوری کل عوامل تولید بخش کشاورزی بر واردات آن بخش طی دوره زمانی 1392-1360 بوده‌است. بدین منظور تکانههای مذکور با استفاده از تکنیک بلانچارد-کوآ به دو گروه تکانههای دائمی و تکانههای موقتی تقسیم شدند. سپس با استفاده از روش خودرگرسیون برداری ساختاری (SVAR) اثر تکانه تکانهها برتقاضای واردات بخش کشاورزی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد در کوتاهمدت و بلندمدت تکانههای موقتی و دائمی بهرهوری کل عوامل تولید بخش کشاورزی تأثیرمثبت و معنیداری بر تقاضای واردات بخش کشاورزی میگذارند و اثرگذاری تکانههای موقت بیشتر از تکانههای دائم میباشد. لذا اگر هدف سیاست سیاستگذاران کاهش تقاضای واردات بخش کشاورزی میباشد باید بهرهوری کل عوامل تولید آن بخش افزایش یابد. Manuscript profile

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13 - Production Risk, Total Factor Productivity, Risk Premium, Sistan and Baluchestan
Javad Shahraki Shahram Saeedian

The study investigates consumers’ preference for cowpea reflected in the Nigerian markets through price discounts and premiums that consumers pay for different cowpea characteristics. The price data used for this study were obtained through a market survey. A comm More

The study investigates consumers’ preference for cowpea reflected in the Nigerian markets through price discounts and premiums that consumers pay for different cowpea characteristics. The price data used for this study were obtained through a market survey. A common data collection protocol was employed. Every month, between October 2009 to December 2010, five cowpea samples per seller were bought from randomly selected sellers in six markets and the prices noted. In the laboratory, the non-price data, such as, 100 grain weight, number of bruchid holes per 100 grains, eye colour and texture of the testa were obtained. A hedonic pricing regression model was used to analyze data collected. Hedonic pricing methods provide a statistical estimate of premiums and discounts. Results indicate that eye colour is the most important determinant of cowpea market prices. Cowpeas with brown colour commands a clear premium in all but one market. The consumers discount prices for insect damage in most markets. In general, this study signals the need for cowpea breeders to identify cost effective ways of breeding for brown coloured cowpea (Ife-brown specie) which was noted to attract price premium.Risk-averse farmers are prudent to use different inputs because every input has a distinct effect on output fluctuations and production risk as well. This paper examines the effect of input using growth on producer welfare of date farmers in Sistan and Baluchestan province which is the second greatest producer and exporter of date in Iran. It is well known that input using growth impresses both productivity and risk premium. These two factors contribute to producer welfare so that increasing the productivity will boost the welfare and an addition to risk premium shall detract the welfare of risk-averse farmers. Results showed that technical change has reduced both productivity and production risk in 2011/2012 and the welfare increased as 912727.21. But, in 2010/2011, productivity and risk premium had a positive growth and finally the producer's welfare experienced a reduction as 1041478.41. Manuscript profile

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14 - The Effect of Quality and Quantity of Human Capital of Education on Total Factor productivity in Iran's Non-oil Economy
Shahram Mosalla Alireaz Amini Gholamreza Geraeeinejad Ali Akbar Khosravinejad

The study of the effect of human capital promotion in terms of education on totalfactor productivity (TFP) is one of the important topics in the macroeconomicliterature and educational policy that has been considered by many economists inrecent years. Therefore, in the More

The study of the effect of human capital promotion in terms of education on totalfactor productivity (TFP) is one of the important topics in the macroeconomicliterature and educational policy that has been considered by many economists inrecent years. Therefore, in the present study, quantitative and qualitative criteriawere selected and weighted by interacting by fifteen university professors in thefield of human capital. After constructing the aggregated indicators of quantity andquality of education, the relationship between these mentioned indicators on totalfactor productivity in the non-oil economy during the period 1986-1988 has beenstudied. For this purpose, after calculating the total factor productivity index viaSolo the remaining method, the effect of quantity and quality of education indicatorson total factor productivity has been analyzed. The results of implementing ARDLmodel while confirming the hypothesis of positive impact of human capital on TFP,showed that the quantity of education has a greater impact on TFP than the qualityof education. The positive impact of R&D and production capacity utilization rateon TFP was also confirmed. Due to reduced quality of education in recent years, theneed to control the quantitative development of education and improve the quality ofeducation has a higher priority than in the past. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - The Effects of Financial Integration on Total Factor Productivity In the Iranian Economy; Evidence for Vector Autoregressive Distributed Lag
masoud taherinia Ali Hassanvand Morteza Habibizadeh

10.30495/fed.2023.698839

AbstractFinancial integration through increasing the level of investment in countries can have many positive effects on macroeconomic variables such as employment, economic growth, increasing the volume of international trade and ultimately the productivity of countries More

AbstractFinancial integration through increasing the level of investment in countries can have many positive effects on macroeconomic variables such as employment, economic growth, increasing the volume of international trade and ultimately the productivity of countries. This study examines whether fiscal integration in Iran can affect overall productivity growth and whether integration policies and subsequent fiscal integration can be among the policies that are needed. Should these countries adopt for their economic integration process? This study investigates the role and effects of financial integration on the productivity of total factors of production through the vector Autoregressive Distributed Lag during the period 1379-1398 for the Iranian economy. The results of estimating the model in the short and long term indicate a positive and significant relationship between financial integration and productivity during the selected time period. Also, variables such as trade openness and domestic investment have a positive relationship with productivity, but the inflation rate has had a negative impact on overall productivity. Manuscript profile

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16 - Investigation of effective factors on non-oil exports with emphasis on non-price variables
Farhad Dejpasand Meysam Amiry1 Benyamin Saveh

One of the ways for encouraging economic development in oil exporting countries like Iran (which is known as an oil-dependent economy) is moving toward diversification of export revenues rapidly by increasing non-oil exports. This goal is not accessible without a compre More

One of the ways for encouraging economic development in oil exporting countries like Iran (which is known as an oil-dependent economy) is moving toward diversification of export revenues rapidly by increasing non-oil exports. This goal is not accessible without a comprehensive survey and examination of factors that affects non-oil exports condition. Although, in many developed countries, export and import analysis is performed in framework of relevant price variables (Also in our country most of the surveys have not gone beyond this framework).But it seems that institutional, scientific, technological and management factors have much greater effect on export variables in Iran in comparison to other countries. Hence, in this article we have tried to go beyond previous studies by adding real and non-price factors to quantitative model of non-oil export in order to estimate their impacts.In order to do this, we have considered non-oil exports to be a function of real exchange rate, total factor productivity, gross national product and the degree of openness of the economy. In addition, we have used ARDL for estimating the model and investigating the effects of each of these factors on non-oil export during 1975-2007. Finding of this paper shows that non-oil export is significantly and effectively, dependant on non-price variables. The results of our estimation show that productivity, degree of economic openness and GDP have positive effects on non-oil export. Albeit according to basic problems in production and export and according to our estimations, we claim that exchange rate does not have a significant impact on non-oil export. Manuscript profile

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17 - An Assessment of influencing Factors on total factor productivity (TFP) with emphasis on human capital
Alireza Amini Shahram mosalla

In this study, we have measured TFP over the period 1994 - 2004 by applying Solo residual and Tornquist index technique. The trend of TFP has been studied and compared with in twodigit ISIC classification over the same period. The results of productivity measurement sho More

In this study, we have measured TFP over the period 1994 - 2004 by applying Solo residual and Tornquist index technique. The trend of TFP has been studied and compared with in twodigit ISIC classification over the same period. The results of productivity measurement show that TFP in this period has increased on average by 6.9 percentages annually and its share in production growth is 65.8 percent. In addition, by using an endogenous growth model focusing on human capital, attempts have been made to elaborate the role of education, skill and technical progress in the growth of TFP. The results, based on the application of the panel data technique, show that education and skill, have positive and meaningful effect on TFP Moreover, the increasing share of technicians and engineers to total employment tends to increase productivity up to 17.21 but beyond this relative share, it cast a negative effect. On the other hand, technical progress has tended to have a positive effect on TFP. Further utilization of excess capacity and capital productivity enhancement has had a positive and meaningful effect on improvement of total factor productivity. Manuscript profile

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18 - تحلیل اثرات آزادسازی تجارت خدمات مالی بر بهره‌وری کل عوامل: مطالعه موردی کشورهای منتخب در حال توسعه
علیرضا امینی مریم لطفی پور

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19 - تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر بهره وری کل عوامل تولید : (مطالعه موردی صنایع تولید مواد شیمیایی اساسی ایران)
هوشنگ شجری حسین استادی ثریا شیخی

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20 - An Analysis Of Economic Components Of Social Capital Impact On Total Factor Productivity
Alireza Amini Karim Emami Faranak Mokri

In this study, factors affecting total factor productivity in the economy of Iran with emphasis on economic components of social capital studied. The economic component of social capital in this study have been studied include the gap between saving and investment as a More

In this study, factors affecting total factor productivity in the economy of Iran with emphasis on economic components of social capital studied. The economic component of social capital in this study have been studied include the gap between saving and investment as a substitute diversion of financial resources, government size, degree of openness of economy and inflation rate. in addition to the effect of above component, the impact of average years of education employees as a proxy of human capital on total factor productivity also has been studied. Model estimation results using time series data from the years 1353-16 to Auto regressive distributed lag indicate in long run human capital and the degree of openness of economy have positive and significant effects on total factor productivity ,but diversion of financial resources, government size and inflation rate have negative and significant effects on total factor productivity. The course was seen in spite of increased human capital and technology, productivity has declined in longrun because in this period social capital reduced Manuscript profile

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21 - Total Factor Productivity role in Economic Growth of Iran to achieving the goals of Vision 4141
Hossein Mirzaei Esmaeil Asghari

Total Factor Productivity is a various factor affecting on economic growth. This study also reviewed studies on total factor productivity, examines the effect of human capital, openness of the economy, inflation and terms of trade on Total Factor Productivity (TFP) for More

Total Factor Productivity is a various factor affecting on economic growth. This study also reviewed studies on total factor productivity, examines the effect of human capital, openness of the economy, inflation and terms of trade on Total Factor Productivity (TFP) for panel data for the region Southwest Asia countries in the 52-year ago( 089-5992). Countries that have been studied include Iran, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Kuwait, UAE, Oman, Pakistan, Egypt, Bahrain and the Israel. These countries were selected because of their importance in the regional outlook of Iran. These countries are classified in two groups, including the member states OPEC and Non-OPEC. According to the estimates of variables, human capital and openness of the economy has strong effect on total factor productivity. The human capital has a higher elasticity (7631) against open economy variable (with elasticity 7611) in all countries. In the group OPEC countries, open economy variable has a higher elasticity (5681) and human capital inelastic (9901) is against. Openness of the economy plays in total factor productivity in this group. Openness of the economy variable has a positive impact and high elasticity (165) in NonOPEC countries. In the first step these countries should go towards creating a competitive and open economy infrastructure then go towards improving productivity. To achieve Vision 7191 goals, we need to move towards an open economy. Manuscript profile

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22 - The Study of the relationship between Exchange Rates and the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) Growth: An Empirical Analysis Based On Panel Data in Selected Countries
Mohammad Reza Shahab

Productivity is one the important concepts and fundamental necessity for the economic growth and development of all countries of the world. Hence, the study and identification of variables and factors influencing it, is essential especially for appropriate policymaking. More

Productivity is one the important concepts and fundamental necessity for the economic growth and development of all countries of the world. Hence, the study and identification of variables and factors influencing it, is essential especially for appropriate policymaking. The main objective of this study can be served as an investigation of the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on the TFP growth and to achieve this, the third class of endogenous growth theories have been considered in order to design hypotheses and model.To test hypotheses, the panel data methodology is employed for the period of 2000 to 2009 and the specified model is estimated for 7 selected countries of APO members including I.R Of Iran in deferent approaches and in order to determine the presence and type of effects, the Leamer and Hauseman tests are carried out.The results of estimations confirm our two hypotheses and statistically indicate that the significant relation between exchange rate fluctuations and TFP growth cannot be rejected so that the TFP growth will decline if the exchange rate increases and vice versa. Furthermore, the study has several consequences which are concerned with the effects of other variables on the TFP growth, such as the degree of openness to foreign trade and inflationary circumstances. Policy recommendations have been discussed in the terminal sector of paper.  Manuscript profile

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23 - Measurement and Analysis of the Productivity of Factors of Production into Separate Economic Sectors Bushehr Province, Iran
S. Nargesi Heshmatolah Asgari

Due to the limited resources, the necessity of increasing productivity and the use of production factors in activities that are the most important. This study aimed to measure the productivity of the production of various economic sectors in the province for years of 20 More

Due to the limited resources, the necessity of increasing productivity and the use of production factors in activities that are the most important. This study aimed to measure the productivity of the production of various economic sectors in the province for years of 2000-2007. Using the production function and panel data techniques and methods Solow residual productivity of production factors calculated. Based on the results, average total factor  productivity , capital and labor in the study had abnormal trend and volatility are rising or falling. The mining industry and the highest rates of growth in productivity and labour and the communications sector as well as the highest average productivity of the capital. Manuscript profile

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