List of Articles Shading

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  1 - Designing Convertible Structure for building façade to control daylight (Case study: Snaspdragon)
  Zahra Yarmahmoodi Tahereh Nasr
  The building facade protects the interior space from the outside environment. In addition, most of the energy consumption in the building is aimed at increasing the comfort of the users, and the design of the facade with the correct function can provide the comfort of t More

  The building facade protects the interior space from the outside environment. In addition, most of the energy consumption in the building is aimed at increasing the comfort of the users, and the design of the facade with the correct function can provide the comfort of the users without wasting energy. Due to the necessity of the subject, today the design of kinetic facades to adapt to the surrounding environment of the building has become one of the main concerns of designers. Therefore, the main goal of the research is to design the Convertible Structure of the building facade using natural patterns. Organisms are alive, so, they react to external factors and have many solutions in the field of adaptation. Snapdragon pattern was chosen as a case example in the current research to inspire kinetic mechanism. Plants are very similar to buildings in their function. Both are fixed in place by the root and react to changes in the surrounding environment. Considering that the branches of reducing energy consumption in the building are very wide, therefore, in this research, the approach of daylight control in Shiraz has been chosen. The research method is modeling simulation. In this way, the shading device algorithm was done by the Rhino 6 software and the Grasshopper plugin based on the behavior pattern of the Snapdragon, and finally, the sunlight radiant was analyzed by the Ladybug plugin and the daylight was analyzed by the Honeybee plugin. The results indicate that the shading device designed in the climate of Shiraz, in August from 8:00 am to 4:00 pm on the 10th day, in the case of closed panels, can reduce 75% of the daylight and 64% of the sunlight radiation absorbed by the surface reduced. This causes a 16% decrease in the temperature inside the building. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Assessing energy performance of simulation-powered internal sun shading devices for residential buildings in Tehran
  Alireza Karimpour darab diba Iraj Etesam
  Sustainable development as a process for meeting human development goals while sustaining the ability of natural systems to continue to provide the natural resources has an undeniable impact on all aspects of human life. Energy efficiency is an essential factor for sust More

  Sustainable development as a process for meeting human development goals while sustaining the ability of natural systems to continue to provide the natural resources has an undeniable impact on all aspects of human life. Energy efficiency is an essential factor for sustainable development and in spite of worldwide climate change problems caused by fossil fuel use, energy consumption levels in Iran, while already high, continues to rise each year. About 40% of energy consumed by the residential buildings in this country is fossil fuel-derived. Therefore providing solutions to reduce energy consumption in this sector is very important. Tehran is largest city of Iran, and significant amounts of energy are consumed in these city. However, due to its location in semi-arid climatic region, high sun’s radiation even in winter and low relative humidity of the air, this city has a high potential for energy conservation in residential buildings. Therefore the introduction of energy efficient buildings in this city would have a significant overall impact on national energy consumption levels. Sun shading devices are one of the most efficient elements to manage the interaction between the interiors and exteriors of buildings. They can significantly reduce cooling loads, improve thermal comfort, prevent the heat loss in the winter and reduce potential glare problems in residential buildings. Sun shading devices can be categorized according to their placement as interior, exterior and mid-pane. Result of research and studies shows that the effectiveness increase 35% by using outside shade protection instead of inside one. This research is aware of this fact that optimized internal sun shading devices are not comparable with the external sun shading devices in efficiency and performance. Although due to the increased utilization of them in the residential buildings, this research studied the internal sun shading devices and determined the optimized internal sun shading system, and then analyzed its effect on the energy consumption in the residential building model. In this study at the first phase, the combination of four types of internal sun shading devices with three types of windows are evaluated by the Parasol simulation software to determine the optimized internal sun shading system. Simulations show that the double glazed transparent window with dense reflective Roller Blind (as optimized sun shading system), has most appropriate thermal behavior. At the next step, a building model as a case study (The six-story apartment in the city of Tehran) was considered for simulations of energy consumption. The Building Calc. software was applied for energy simulations and heating, cooling and total energy consumption of building was calculated with and without optimized internal sun shading system. The result shows that efficiency of internal sun shading devices increase by using dense texture, high reflectance and low transfer rate. Also only by using optimized internal sun shading system reduce energy consumption of residential buildings in Tehran up to 14%. Because of the large coordination with Iran’s economic, cultural and social conditions this method could be one of the best solutions to reduce the energy demand in residential buildings. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Comparison of the Fixed External Sun Shading Devices Performance in order to Daylight Control (Case Study: Southern Facade in Yazd Climate)
  Tahereh Nasr Zahra Yarmahmoodi
  10.30495/jest.2022.61515.5423
  Background and Objective: With the advancement of technology, there has been an increase in energy consumption. For example, in hot and dry climates, where the amount of heat and sunlight is high during the day, it causes too much sunlight to enter the interior and incr More

  Background and Objective: With the advancement of technology, there has been an increase in energy consumption. For example, in hot and dry climates, where the amount of heat and sunlight is high during the day, it causes too much sunlight to enter the interior and increases the temperature, which increases the consumption of cooling energy. Fixed sun shading in this climate can greatly reduce cooling energy consumption. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify different types of fixed external sun shading devices and finally select the best of them in terms of performance to optimize energy consumption in hot and dry climates.Material and Methodology: The research method is quantitative and simulation-modeling. The data collection tool for the theoretical foundations section is library and documentary. In this way, the fixed sun shading devices are modeled in Rhino 6 software and Grasshopper plugin. After that, the climate of Yazd, which is hot and dry, has been selected for energy analysis by the Ladybug Tools 1.1.0 in a Grasshopper environment in order to achieve a suitable type of fixed external sun shading devices in hot and dry climates. Thermal analyzes have been performed in Ecotect software.    Findings: The results of the present research show that the geometric, eggcrate and horizontal shading devices have the best performance in terms of optimizing energy consumption.  Discussion and Conclusion: Therefore, considering that geometric shading devices are very similar to the shading devices in traditional Iranian architecture, it can be concluded that proper innovation by preserving the principles and avoiding blind imitation of the past can be desirable and economical solutions to the problems of the present age. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Dynamic Envelope and Control Shading Pattern for Office Buildings Visual Comfort in Tehran
  Nasim Fazeli Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad Mohammadreza Bemanian
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  5 - The effect of external and internal shading devices on energy consumption and co2 emissions of residential buildings in temperate climate
  Samira Razazi Fatemeh Mozaffari Ghadikolaei Raheleh Rostami
  10.22094/soij.2022.1950918.1476
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  6 - Shading Impact on Qualitative Characteristics and Chlorophyll Content of Cut Rose (Rosa hybrida cv. Avalanche)
  Ali Dolatkhahi Mansour Matloobi Alireza Motallebiazar Navid Vahdati
  Light intensity is considered a limiting factor in greenhouse rose production. The main aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of shading treatments (0, 25, 50, and 65% shading) on quality and chlorophyll content of cut rose (Rosa hybrida cv. Avalanche), unde More

  Light intensity is considered a limiting factor in greenhouse rose production. The main aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of shading treatments (0, 25, 50, and 65% shading) on quality and chlorophyll content of cut rose (Rosa hybrida cv. Avalanche), under greenhouse conditions. The experiment was planned in randomized completely block design with four replications. All shoots were bent downwards from above the second bud after removing the young flower bud. Shading significantly affected on bud sprouting, flowering stem fresh and dry weight and flowering stem diameter, so that earliest bud sprouting, highest flowering stem, fresh and dry weight and flowering stem diameter were observed in no shading treatment. However, shading had no significant effect on flowering stem length and leaf area, but specific leaf area increased with shading percentage increment at 65% shade. Results of total chlorophyll content as well as chlorophyll a and b showed a decrement with increasing of shading percentage. In general, shading could be a cause of low-quality in cut roses; therefore greenhouse roses growers should consider greenhouse architecture to maximize light deep penetration. Manuscript profile
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  7 - New Strategy of Grid Connected Photovoltaic System Using Module Integrated Converters with B4 Inverter to Overcome Partial Shading Effect
  Reza Rezaii Mohammad Amin Abolhasani Ali Yazdian Varjani Reza Beiranvand
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  8 - Study of root structure and leaf of lentils (Lens culinaris Medic) under light stress and Azospirillium bacteria
  Fershteh Darabi Ali Hatami Mohammad Javad Zarea Rahim Naseri
  in order to study the effects of different light intensities and bio-priming an experiment was conducted in two lentils cultivars to introduce the best cultivar. Experiment was evaluated using factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three re More

  in order to study the effects of different light intensities and bio-priming an experiment was conducted in two lentils cultivars to introduce the best cultivar. Experiment was evaluated using factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Station of Ilam University during 2012-2013 cropping season. The treatments consisted of different levels of shading (no shading, 25, 50, 75 and 100% shading), Bio-priming (inoculation with Azospirillium brasilense and without inoculation) and lentil cultivars (Ziba and ILL4400), respectively. The results indicated that shading reduced leaf specific leaf, Water saturate deficit, total number of active nodes, root fresh weight, root dry weight, root volume, main root length and grain yield, but increased leaf area index, total water content, specific leaf area, respectively. But Azospirillium leaded to reduced losses caused by shading and increased plant growth and yield of lentil. Two lentil cultivars along with inoculation with Azospirillum had the more amount of grain yield. The Ziba cultivar compared to ILL4400 cultivar had the more grain yield in the higher levels of shading. interaction effect of shading× bio-priming × cultivar showed that the lack of shading (control treatment) and selection of the Ziba cultivar and inoculation with Azospirillum may achieve the acceptable grain yield, but in the conditions of intercropping and agroforestry systems that light is a limiting factor, grown Ziba cultivar along with inoculation with Azospirillum will be more successful than the ILL4400. Manuscript profile
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  9 - Study the Effects of Micro-nutrients, Macro-nutrients and Plant Shading on Quantitative Traits of Tomato) Lycopersicon esculentum)
  MOHAMMAD MIRZAEI HEYDARI SARA KABODI
  10.30486/roce.2022.698393
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