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Open Access Article
1 - The effect of different levels of salinity on germination and growth indices of two cultivars of Quinoa
Saber jamali Hossein sharifan Aboutaleb hezarjaribi Niaz Ali sepahvandIn the present study, the effect of different levels of salinity on germination and growth indices Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in two types of cultivars Sajama and Titicaca under 5 salinity levels (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 percent of the mixing sea water and tap wate MoreIn the present study, the effect of different levels of salinity on germination and growth indices Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in two types of cultivars Sajama and Titicaca under 5 salinity levels (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 percent of the mixing sea water and tap water). This experiment laboratory was conducted as a factorial experiment in the basis of randomize complete design with 3 replications with two factors at department of irrigation, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources in 2016. Measured characteristics were germination velocity, vigor index, radicle and plumule length, seedling growth fresh and dry weight and mean germination time. According to the results, different levels of salt stress had significant effects on germination velocity, radicle length (p ≤ 0.01) and plumule length, seedling growth fresh weight (p ≤ 0.05) while the effect of cultivar type was significant on vigor index, radicle length, seedling growth fresh weight and mean germination time (p ≤ 0.01). The interaction between salinity and cultivar type had significant effect on germination velocity, mean germination time, plumule length, seedling growth dry weight (p ≤ 0.05) and vigor index, radicle length (p ≤ 0.01). The results showed that with increase in salinity level, all measured characteristics were significantly decreased. According to the results, the germination stage of Quinoa has a good tolerance to elevated levels of salinity and it seems that a good stand establishment in saline soils and water conditions could be insured, if proper management is exerted in farms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The Effect of Salicylic Acid and Pseudomonas Putida Bacteria on Enzyme Properties of Quinoa Plant in Saline Soil Contaminated With Arsenic
Mahmood Nabizade Ali Reza Astaraei Amir LakzianIntroduction: Due to the fact that some of the country's regions, such as Khorasan Razavi, Isfahan, Kerman, etc., are contaminated with arsenic (As), and on the other hand, most of Iran's soils are associated with different degrees of salinity and few agricultural manag MoreIntroduction: Due to the fact that some of the country's regions, such as Khorasan Razavi, Isfahan, Kerman, etc., are contaminated with arsenic (As), and on the other hand, most of Iran's soils are associated with different degrees of salinity and few agricultural management operations like plant selection or applying organic acids such as salicylic acid (SA) have been used, therefore, this research is conducted with the following objectives: 1) Investigate the effect of Pseudomonas putida (P. Putida) bacteria inoculation in soil salinity stress conditions, 2) Investigate the effect of arsenic pollution in soil salinity stress conditions, 3) Investigate the effect of salicylic acid foliar application on cultivated quinoa plant in saline soil and 4) Dual and triunal effects of experimental treatments on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the quinoa plant (Titicaca cultivar).Methods: A completely randomized design (factorial), including the first factor 1) control soil (no inoculation of Pseudomonas putida bacteria, 2) inoculation of Pseudomonas putida bacteria, the second factor: two levels of arsenic (0 and 40 mg/kg) and the third factor: foliar spraying of two levels of salicylic acid (0 and 0.5 mM) in total of 24 pots with a volume of 5000 cubic centimeters were prepared to apply the desired treatments in three replications. To provide saline soil without arsenic, samples are taken from the depth of 0 to 30 cm from Areh village located 45 km of Mashhad-Sarkhos Road. After air-drying and pounding, the samples are sieved with a two-millimeter sieve, and then part of it is moved to the soil science laboratory for preliminary analysis. After preparing the soil, 4 kg of soil is transferred to each pot. Then arsenic salt (Na2AsHO4.7H2O) is added to the pots with the amount of 40 mg/kg of soil. After quinoa plant cultivation, Titicaca variety, when the plants reached the two-leaf stage, the liquid culture medium containing Pseudomonas bacteria is added in three stages (with 5 days intervals). In the following, the plants are sprayed with salicylic acid solution at the 4-leaf stage in 5 stages (with 6 days intervals). Subsequently, the parameters of photosynthetic pigments’ (Lichtenthaler, 1987) antioxidant activity, (Brand-Williams et al, 1995), proline (Bates et al, 1973) and catalase (Dhindsa et al, 1981) of plants’ new leaves are carried out in the soil science laboratory of Ferdowsi University.Results: The results of the analysis of variance of the triple interaction effects of arsenic × salicylic acid × bacteria illustrate that the triple interaction effect on carotenoid is significant at the level of 1% (p<0.01), and the values of chlorophyll a, proline and antioxidant activity are significant at the level of 5% (p<0.05).The results of comparing the average of the triple interaction effects of arsenic levels, salicylic acid and bacteria show that at the zero level of arsenic + spraying solution 0.5 mM salicylic acid + the presence of bacteria can have a positive and significant role on the amount of chlorophyll a (10.76 micrograms per gram of fresh weight) equivalent to +25.11% and carotenoid (3.53 μg/g fresh weight) equal to +25.17 % compared to the control samples (soil with salinity stress). Also, the presence of arsenic (40 mg/kg) + 0.5 mM salicylic acid solution spraying + the presence of bacteria caused a significant increase in proline (8.23 μg/g fresh weight) equivalent to +22.29% compared to the control samples, which demonstrates the positive effects of spraying salicylic acid and bacteria in the conditions of salinity stress with arsenic contamination in the soil. Arsenic (40 mg/kg) + 0.5 mM salicylic acid solution + the presence of bacteria shows a significant rise in the antioxidant activity of quinoa plant (45.03 μg/g fresh weight) equivalent to +47.88% compared to the control sample.Conclusion: The application of Pseudomonas putida bacteria and salicylic acid can enhance the tolerance of plants against salinity stress and heavy metals by regulating the levels of different metabolites of antioxidant enzymes, secondary metabolites, and metal-chelating compounds. In this research, salicylic acid under natural soil salinity conditions (8.16 dS/m) increases chlorophyll a, carotenoid , proline , and antioxidant activity to +14%, +9.6%, +6.4% and +8.7%, respectively. On the other hand, under natural soil salinity conditions (8.16 dS/m) with 40 mg/kg of arsenic contamination in the soil, it has significantly increased plant proline equivalent to 20.65%, which led to a significant rise in antioxidant activity equivalent to +38.02%. The inoculation of Pseudomonas putida bacteria in saline soil contaminated with arsenic significantly boost proline of the plant equal to +22.29% and antioxidant activity equal to +47.88%, which greatly improved the content of chlorophyll, carotenoid and photosynthesis of quinoa plant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Optimization of Pasta Formulation Containing Wheat, Quinoa Flour and Purslane Leaves Powder
M. Afshar B. Ghiasi Tarzi A. Seyed Yagoubi -
Open Access Article
4 - The Effect of Uinoa Extract on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Indices In Hamsters
MOHAMMAD REZA EBAD SICHANI PARNIA POURHADI elham Moghtadaiee khorasganiInroduction & Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which is on the rise worldwide, is one of the chronic liver injuries from steatosis to liver cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of quinoa extract on non-alcoholic fatty liver produc MoreInroduction & Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which is on the rise worldwide, is one of the chronic liver injuries from steatosis to liver cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of quinoa extract on non-alcoholic fatty liver produced by high fat diet in hamstersMaterial and Method: In this experimental study, 50 hamsters were randomly divided into two groups: high-fat diet (40 heads) and control group (10 heads). After 1 month of high fat diet, hamsters were divided into 4 groups of 10. This group used a high-fat diet, the other 3 groups that received the extract diet were divided into doses of 400, 200, 100 mg / kg and were treated with the extract for 2 months. At the end of liver histology, the activity of liver enzymes and lipid profile in serum were examined.Results: Elevated serum triglycerides and cholesterol were seen in hamsters fed a high-fat diet (p<0.05). Treatment with the extract in different doses did not cause significant biochemical changes except in triglyceride and cholesterol in laboratory results(p<0.05). Histopathological results also confirmed the positive effects of quinoa extract treatment.Conclusion: Eating a high-fat diet led to fatty liver disease, which treatment with quinoa seed extract improved the symptoms of this disease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Effects of Drought Stress and Humic Acid on Plant Growth, Yield Quality and Its Components of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd)
Farah Mohammadi Abbas Maleki Amin Fathi -
Open Access Article
6 - The Study of Using Mixture of Wheat flour and different levels of Quinoa flour on Farinograph and Extensograph Properties of Baguette Bread
Shahin Yusefkhan Alireza Shahab Lavasani Orang EyvazzadehThis study was aimed to study the effect of wheat flour replacement with Quinoa flour at ratios 0,5,10,15 and 20%(w / w) on rheological properties of baguette breads including Farinograph test (water uptake, paste development time, stability time, The degree of softenin MoreThis study was aimed to study the effect of wheat flour replacement with Quinoa flour at ratios 0,5,10,15 and 20%(w / w) on rheological properties of baguette breads including Farinograph test (water uptake, paste development time, stability time, The degree of softening of the dough) and the extensograph test (energy consumption, tensile strength and ratio). The results indicated that water absorption improved with the addition of quinoa flour. Development and stability time of dough and the degree of softening after 10 and 12 minutes were increased and then decreased with a high percentage of quinoa flour. extensograph test showed that addition of Quinoa flour, the energy decreased compared to the control sample, and extensibility increased untile 5 and 10% and then decreased. Texture of breads containing quinoa flour were softer than the control sample. The best partial replacement of wheat flour by Quinoa flour is up to 5%.in baguette bread. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Grain Yield Adaptability and Stability of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Genotypes Using Different Stability Indices
Maryam Etaati Mohammad Reza Ardakani Mahmoud Bagheri Farzad Paknejad Farid GolzardiQuinoa is known as a suitable plant in adverse environmental conditions due to its desirable nutritional value and high production potential such a country like Iran, which has a climate diversity, it will create food security, increase farmers'''' incomes and sustainab MoreQuinoa is known as a suitable plant in adverse environmental conditions due to its desirable nutritional value and high production potential such a country like Iran, which has a climate diversity, it will create food security, increase farmers'''' incomes and sustainable production. To study the genotype and environment interaction and determine the stability and adaptability of grain yield of quinoa genotypes in different regions of Iran, ten genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications in four regions of Karaj, Shahrekord, Urmia, and Kashmar during 2017-2018 cropping season. The studied genotypes included Titicaca, Red Carina, Giza1, Q12, Q18, Q21, Q22, Q26, Q29, and Q31. The results of the combined analysis of variance showed that the effect of environment and the genotype and environment interaction on the grain yield were significant (p≤0.01). The highest grain yield in Karaj and Shahrekord (717 and 2196 kg.ha-1, respectively) was obtained by the Q26 genotype and in Urmia and Kashmar (1614 and 829 kg.ha-1, respectively) by the Q18 and Titicaca genotypes, respectively. According to the results of stability and compatibility analysis with different methods and indices (parametric and non-parametric), the Red Carina genotype was identified as a genotype with suitable and stable yield and compatible with the study areas, with 996 kg.ha-1 grain yield higher than the average yield of all genotypes (939 kg.ha-1), the highest rank of simultaneous selection index for yield and stability, the lowest mean rank (1.56), and the minimum standard deviation of rank (SD = 1.03). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizers on Morpho-Physiological Characteristics and Seed Yield of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)
Hossein Abdolahpour Enayatolah Tohidi Nejad Amin Pasandi PourTo evaluate the effect of different levels of NPK nutrition on some morpho-physiological characteristics and seed yield of quinoa, a randomized complete block design experiment was carried out in Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman in 2019. In this study, response of qu MoreTo evaluate the effect of different levels of NPK nutrition on some morpho-physiological characteristics and seed yield of quinoa, a randomized complete block design experiment was carried out in Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman in 2019. In this study, response of quinoa (Titicaca variety) to seven fertilizer combinations, consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (N: K: P, 30:25:20, 60:50:40, 90:75:60, 120:100:80, 150:125:100, 180:150:120 kg.ha-1) were investigated for plant height, number of branch, panicle length, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, content of photosynthetic pigments, leaf area index, crop growth rate, seed protein content and seed nutrients. The results indicated that the effect of NPK nutrition treatments on all measured traits were significant. The highest mean of Chl a, Chl b, Chl a+b, carotenoid, LAI, CGR and seed protein content belonged to combination of 120: 100: 80 which was not significantly different from combination of 90: 75: 60, in terms of Chl a and LAI. In this study, the highest mean of panicle lengths, number of branches, 1000 seed weight and seed yield were recorded for combination of 120: 100: 80 which were not significantly different from combination of 90: 75: 60, in terms of panicle length and seed yield. According to the results, thus, it can be concluded that combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers with a ratio of 90: 75: 60 are appropriate to achieve maximum seed yield for research location under Kerman climatic conditions and avoid overuse of chemical fertilizers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Growth Index, Yield and Yield Components of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) Cultivars Affected by Date and Method of Planting at Ahvaz Region
Mehrnoosh Golabi Shahram Lak Abdolali Gilani Mojtaba Alavi Fazel Aslan EgdernezhadThe most important component compatible with climatic diversity in agriculture is the planting date, which has the greatest impact on the phenological characteristics of the plant. Planting date is determined based on cultivar and climate of each region. In order this s MoreThe most important component compatible with climatic diversity in agriculture is the planting date, which has the greatest impact on the phenological characteristics of the plant. Planting date is determined based on cultivar and climate of each region. In order this study was conducted to investigate the effect of seed and transplanting method on yield and yield components of quinoa cultivars in different planting dates in Ahvaz climatic conditions. The experiment as a split split plot in a randomized complete block design with four replications in crop years 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. Planting date was taken as the main factor in four levels (22 October, 1 November, 11 November and 21 November) and sub factor including planting method (transplanting and seed planting) and sub-sub factor also Quinoa cultivars (Giza1, Q26 and Titicaca). The results showed that delay in planting date reduced growth index (22, 39 and 26% LAI, DM and CGR recpectively), days to flowering (21%) and grain yield components (number of panicles per plant (42%), number grain per panicle (26%) and 1000-grain weight (21%)), grain yield (63%) and harvest index (54%) in quinoa. The highest value of these traits was related to the date of first sowing (October 22) and it was also found that transplanting in early sowing date is weaker than seed sowing but in late sowing date is better than seed sowing and reduces the negative effects of late sowing. Among the studied cultivars, Q26 cultivar was more acceptable in terms of growth rate (LAI (4.87), DMT (637.3 g. m-2), CGR (18.58 g. m-2.day) and yield components (number of panicles per plant (9.72) and 1000-grain weight (4.81 g)) and grain yield (1813 kg. h-1) than the other two cultivars. The highest grain yield (3058 kg.ha-1) belonged to Q26 cultivar on 30 October planting and 22 October planting and seed sowing (3148 kg.ha-1) and the lowest grain yield (769 kg.ha-1) belonged to Titicaca cultivar on 11 and 21 November planting. In general, it was observed that the sowing date in early autumn was suitable for planting different cultivars of quinoa in Khuzestan province due to the longer growing season and Transplantation at this date of sowing did not have much advantage in terms of yield compared to seed sowing, but in the date of delayed sowing reduces the negative effects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Evaluation of Root Growth Dynamics and Yield Components of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) Cultivars by Changing Phosphorus and Zinc Levels
Anise Jorfi Mojtaba Alavifazel Abdolali Gilani Mohammad Reza Ardakani Shahram LackProper distribution of plant root facilitates the uptake of nutrients and improves crop yields. This study aims to evaluate the root and shoot structure of quinoa cultivars in response to the application of phosphorus and zinc in the Research, Agricultural Education and MoreProper distribution of plant root facilitates the uptake of nutrients and improves crop yields. This study aims to evaluate the root and shoot structure of quinoa cultivars in response to the application of phosphorus and zinc in the Research, Agricultural Education and Natural Resources Center of Khuzestan province in a factorial design with three factors including the use of triple superphosphate fertilizer at four levels (0, 6, 12, 18 mg.kg-1 soil weight), foliar application of zinc sulfate in three amounts (water without zinc sulfate (control), foliar application at 4 and 8 per thousand concentrations) and three quinoa cultivars (Giza 1, Q26, Titicaca) were performed in pot and in three replications. The results showed that root parameters such as root dry weight, root width, root diameter, distance from the first branch to the tip root, and the weight ratio of root to shoot were affected by phosphorus fertilizer levels and quinoa cultivars (P≤0.01) and foliar application of zinc sulfate had a significant effect only on root dry weight, root width, distance from the first branch to the root tip, root density, root weight to shoot weight, and aerial part parameters. Q26 cultivar was identified as the best cultivar in terms of root structure development, which at 18 mg.kg-1 phosphorus levels and 4 per thousand zinc sulfate concentration had a maximum root dry weight (3.23 g.plant-1), root width (18.06 cm) and distance from the first branch to the root tip (53.23). At these levels of element consumption, the highest number of grains per plant (4542) were obtained in cultivar Q26. Based on the experiment results, the optimal level of elements by reducing antagonistic effects and increasing synergistic effects of P and ZnSO4 led to the root structure development, improved element uptake and increased production components of quinoa cultivars. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Evaluating the Effect of Cytokinin Foliar Application on Morphological Traits and Yield of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) under Optimal Irrigation and Drought Stress Conditions
Hadi Salek Mearaji Afshin Tavakoli Niaz Ali SepahvandDrought is the most important non-biotic stress which decreases growth and the yield of crop plants. Quinoa is a plant with high nutritional value and drought tolerant. To evaluate the effect of cytokinin foliar application on morphological traits and yield of quinoa cu MoreDrought is the most important non-biotic stress which decreases growth and the yield of crop plants. Quinoa is a plant with high nutritional value and drought tolerant. To evaluate the effect of cytokinin foliar application on morphological traits and yield of quinoa cultivars, a split factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted during during 2017 cropping season with four replications at the research farm of Agriculture Faculty, the University of Zanjan. Experimental treatments were levels of irrigation (optimal irrigation, with -0.4 MPa and drought stress with -1.5 MPa) as main factor and sub factors were four quinoa cultivars (Q 26, Q 29, Giza1 and Red Carina) and foliar cytokinin with three levels (0, 50 and 100 μM). Irrigation and cultivar treatment had significant effect on all evaluated traits. Foliar application with cytokinin had significant effect on all traits except length of main ear and greeness index (SPAD). The maximum and minimum of grain yield 2364.7 and 1701.8 kg.ha-1, obtained under optimal irrigation and drought stress conditions, respectively. Drought stress reduced seed yield by 28 percent. The highest yields obtained by Giza 1 (2746.7 kg.ha-1) and Red Carina (2589.7 kg.ha-1) with the application 100 µm of cytokinin. The foliar application of cytokinin did not affect seed yields of Q 26 and Q 29 cultivars significantly. According to the results, Giza 1 can be recommended as a suitable cultivar under both optimum and drought stress conditions at the experimental site. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The effect of quinoa germs on the quality of wheyless cheese
Mahsa Karimpour afshin Javadi Shahin Zomorodi Navideh AnarjanThe production of imitation whey-less cheeses is one of the new achievements in the dairy industry, which has been noted for its nutritional and economic aspects. In these cheeses, it is possible to increase the nutritional value of cheese and decrease the production co MoreThe production of imitation whey-less cheeses is one of the new achievements in the dairy industry, which has been noted for its nutritional and economic aspects. In these cheeses, it is possible to increase the nutritional value of cheese and decrease the production costs by using plant ingredients. The effect of quinoa germs was investigated on the physicochemical properties, phenol compounds, textural profile, and microbial and sensory properties of whey-less cheese. The results showed that with increasing quinoa germs, the dry matter, acidity, and fat in dry matter content increased and moisture and protein content decreased in all samples (p<0.05). The value of hardness, springiness and cohesiveness of the samples containing quinoa germs were significantly lower than the control sample (without quinoa germs). However, the samples with higher amounts of quinoa germs had the highest hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness compared to the ones with lower values of quinoa germs (p<0.05). According to the sensory results, the flavor score was significantly improved by adding the quinoa gems up to 6%. But with the increasing germs to 9 %, the flavor score decreased significantly (p<0.05). Based on the results obtained in this study, 6% of quinoa germs can be used in the preparation of whey-less functional cheese. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Potential of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) for phytodesalination of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium and chlorine under different water salinity stresses
Sepideh Hoseini Roxana Moogouei Mehdi Borghei Zahra Abedi Mehdi RamezaniThis study was conducted to evaluate the ability to grow and reduce water salinity by quinoa and wheat plants in greenhouse and hydroponic. This research was conducted in the form of a two-factor factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with thre MoreThis study was conducted to evaluate the ability to grow and reduce water salinity by quinoa and wheat plants in greenhouse and hydroponic. This research was conducted in the form of a two-factor factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments included 4 salinity levels of zero (control), 5, 10 and 15 dS / m and two species of wheat and quinoa. In this study, traits such as total plant dry weight, accumulation of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium and total plant chlorine and the efficiency of water uptake by plants were measured. The results of this study showed that quinoa has more ability to absorb and accumulate elements than wheat and is a plant resistant to salinity stress. The results showed that the concentrations of sodium, chlorine and magnesium per plant (5.48, 10.12 and 1.12 g for wheat and 10.76, 11.65 and 2.66 g for wheat, respectively). Absorption efficiency of sodium, chlorine and magnesium from water (12.28%, 11.30% and 20.22% for wheat and 23.12%, 14.60% and 24.79% for quinoa, respectively). The results also showed that the amount of sodium, chlorine and magnesium accumulated in the plant and the efficiency of phytodesalination of sodium, chlorine and magnesium from saline water significantly increased with increasing in salinity for both wheat and quinoa. In the case of calcium and potassium bioaccumulation and phytodesalination efficiency decreased with increasing salinity. As a result, quinoa showed a significant bioaccumulation efficiency in dry weight production, compared to wheat, so it can be considered as an alternative plant for cultivation in salinity and dry climate conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - خصوصیات گیاهشناسی ، فیتوشیمیایی و دارویی گیاه دارویی کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) ؛ مروری
نسیم پاکباز حشمت امیدی حسنعلی نقدی بادی امیر بوستانیزمینه و هدف: با توجه به شرایط اقلیمی و جغرافیایی ایران و عواملی مانند تغییر آب و هوا ، محدودیت آب و وجود خاکهایی با محدودیت شوری، کشت گیاهان دارویی سازگار با چنین شرایطی مهمترین راهکار است. کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) یک گیاه دارویی ارزشمند و موثر بر سلامت ج Moreزمینه و هدف: با توجه به شرایط اقلیمی و جغرافیایی ایران و عواملی مانند تغییر آب و هوا ، محدودیت آب و وجود خاکهایی با محدودیت شوری، کشت گیاهان دارویی سازگار با چنین شرایطی مهمترین راهکار است. کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) یک گیاه دارویی ارزشمند و موثر بر سلامت جامعه است. کینوا حدود 5 هزار سال است که در آند کشت میشود. بزرگترین سطح زیر کشت کینوا در بولیوی 100000 هکتار است. در این بررسی گیاهشناسی، کاربردهای سنتی، خواص فیتوشیمیایی و دارویی کینوا مورد بحث قرار گرفته است.روش تحقیق: در مطالعه مروری حاضر، کلمات کلیدی شامل کینوا و خواص دارویی در وب سایت های علمی مانند Science Direct ، PubMed و Google Scholar برای جمعآوری خواص گیاهشناسی و دارویی کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) جستجو شد.نتایج: بر اساس مرور تحقیقات، پروتئین کینوا 8-22 درصد با کیفیت مناسب و تعادل آمینو اسیدهای ضروری (لیزین ، متیونین و تیرونین) است. میزان آمینو اسیدهای ضروری در کینوا بیشتر از نیاز روزانه اعلام شده توسط سازمان غذا و سازمان بهداشت جهانی برای هر فرد است. در مقایسه با سایر غلات، کینوا دارای آلفا توکوفرول (ویتامین E )، ریبوفلاوین ، تیامین و ویتامین C است و دارای 10 برابر اسید فولیک بیشتر است. دانه های کینوا به عنوان یک جایگزین ایمن و بدون گلوتن برای دانههای غلات در بیماران مبتلا به سلیاک می تواند استفاده شود.توصیه های کاربردی/ صنعتی: کینوا با مقدار زیاد اجزای بیوشیمیایی و اثرات دارویی میتواند به عنوان داروی گیاهی ارزشمند مورد استفاده قرار گیرد و همچنین رژیم غذایی بدون گلوتن و مفید برای بیماران سلیاک باشد. کشت آن برای اهداف صنعتی و دارویی میتواند به بهبود تولید داروهای آنتیاکسیدان ، ضد دیابت ، ضد التهاب ، ضد سلیاک و ضد سرطان در ایران کمک کند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Foliar Application of Iron and Zinc on Quinoa under Drought Stress Affects Its Seeds Germination and Biochemical Properties
Nasim Pakbaz Heshmat Omidi Hassan Ali Naghdi Badi Amir Bostani -
Open Access Article
16 - Effects of Boron Priming On The Chemicals And Antioxidant Of Quinoa seedling
Ali Mansouri Heshmat Omidi Amir Bostani -
Open Access Article
17 - Response Of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) Cultivars To Organic Acid Under Drought Stress
Kosar Kohan Pourang Kasraie Hamidreza Larijani Farshad Ghoshchi Meysam Oveysi -
Open Access Article
18 - Effect of Managed Deficit Irrigation and Different Fertilizer Levels on Yield and some Physiological Traits of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa)
Hassan Fatemi Kiyan مریم تاتاری Mohammad Reza Tokalo Masomeh Salehi Kmal Haj Mohammadnia GhalibafThe availability of organic matter in deficit irrigation conditions can be a practical solution to compensate the negative effects of drought stress. In order to investigate the effect of deficit irrigation and chemical fertilizers on yield and some physiological traits MoreThe availability of organic matter in deficit irrigation conditions can be a practical solution to compensate the negative effects of drought stress. In order to investigate the effect of deficit irrigation and chemical fertilizers on yield and some physiological traits of quinoa an experiment was conducted in 2019 as split plot based on a randomized complete block design in two locations (Mashhad and Neishabour). Irrigation levels included, I0: full irrigation, I1: irrigation at emergence stage, I2: irrigation at stem elongation stage, I3: irrigation at flowering stage, I4: irrigation at seed setting stage. Fertilizer treatments included control (no fertilizer application); chemical fertilizer application according to local practices; manure application of 10 tons; and manure application of 20 tons per hectare. Seed yield and yield components, leaf area index, crop growth rate and relative growth rate were measured. The highest 1000-seed weight was obtained in 20 tons of manure and I2 treatment in Neishabour. The lowest 1000-seed weight was obtained in 10 and 20 tons of manure and I1 in Neishabour. The lowest grain yield in I1 treatment was observed in Neishabour and the highest grain yield in I0 treatment with 20 t.ha-1 manure was observed in Mashhad. Fertilizer treatments increased crop growth rate in both experimental sites, but the effect of manure on increasing crop growth rate was greater than the effect of chemical fertilizer. However, due to the high fat content of quinoa, the use of 20 tons of manure per hectare is recommended if it is purely economic. In general, I2 treatment along with the application of manure in both places had high grain yield and dry matter production. Manuscript profile
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