List of Articles Landsat images

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  1 - Tracking Dust Centers on the Common Border of Iran and Iraq in ten-year period of 2012-2022
  AliAsghar Mirzaei Nowroozani Ali Nik ahd AliEisa Alshoveyli
  Introduction: Particulate matter enters the atmosphere mainly from arid and semi-arid regions where annual precipitation is very low and a large amount of alluvial sediments have accumulated over long periods of time. In fact, deserts and dried up lakes that have turned More

  Introduction: Particulate matter enters the atmosphere mainly from arid and semi-arid regions where annual precipitation is very low and a large amount of alluvial sediments have accumulated over long periods of time. In fact, deserts and dried up lakes that have turned into small deserts due to climate change can be considered dust production centers. Iraq is one of the countries that is often affected by dust storms. The purpose of this research is to track, zone and identify dust centers in the border provinces of Iraq and Iran in a ten-year period. Materials and Methods: In order to carry out this research, a 60 km wide area along the Iran-Iraq common border was selected from Maysan and Wasit provinces located in Iraq (about 300 km along the common border). After performing pre-processing on the images (atmospheric and radiometric corrections) using the relevant algorithms, high errors and then using the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) to classify the earth surface phenomena, separately based on the threshold values of these Indexes were categorized. Results and Discussion: Spatial distribution includes three classes a) water areas which are related to areas covered with water, rivers, marshes and wetlands b) bare soil which includes areas without vegetation such as stony areas, uncultivated agricultural lands Sand fields and sand fields and c) Vegetation which includes areas covered with forests, pastures and agricultural lands were categorized and finally the areas prone to dust generation were determined and their area was determined Conclusion: Be made In general, the results of this study with other similar studies in the countries of Iran, Iraq and Saudi Arabia show the effects of drought and the expansion of desert lands and the drying of wetlands, marshes and rivers and the loss of vegetation and the bareness of the land without any cover. It is pasture, forest and agriculture. Due to the large area of deserts, they can be considered the center of growth and zoning of dust storms, and to deal with dust storms, methods such as moistening the soil, biological and mechanical methods such as mulching are performed. Manuscript profile
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  2 - The comparison of Artificial Neural Network to and maximum likelihood algorithms for forest changes detection
  parvin bagherifar Reza Basiri Shahram Yosefi Khaneghah Hamidreza Pourkhabbaz
  10.30495/jest.2023.74604.5889
  Background and Objective: Remote Sensing Technology is considered one of the most important sources of spatial and thematic data in the developed world of today. The objective of this work is a comparison of two different methods of change detection in forests using Lan More

  Background and Objective: Remote Sensing Technology is considered one of the most important sources of spatial and thematic data in the developed world of today. The objective of this work is a comparison of two different methods of change detection in forests using Landsat images. Therefore, sensor Landsat TM images of 1990 and 2011 (ETM+) satellite images have been used. Material and Methodology: In the classification of images, the maximum likelihood algorithm, and artificial neural network to multilayer perceptron method were used. Findings: Evaluated results showed that the algorithm approach, the maximum likelihood overall accuracy, and kappa coefficient maps classified in TM image, respectively, are 96.72 and 0.96 percent and image ETM+ 98.02 and 0.97 percent, and the method of artificial neural networks, overall accuracy and kappa coefficient map classified, TM image was 98.22 and 0.97% and ETM+ image was 98.34and 0.97 percent respectively. Following TM and ETM+ classification maps to detect the changes were marked and the map changes obtained. Discussion and conclusion: The results of this study showed that using Landsat data along with data from have inventory capabilities of forest change mapping Manuscript profile
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  3 - Change detection in the forest cover of Siyahmezgi watershed of Guilan using LandSat images
  seyed Armin Hashemi Seyed Raza Fatemi Talab Hamide Kavousi Kalashmi Mortaza Madanipour Kermanshahi
  In recent decades Caspian forest has been attacked by human intervention. Easy access, abundance and diversity of valuable forest products led to an increase in population density, development of new residential areas and activities of deforestation. Change detection is More

  In recent decades Caspian forest has been attacked by human intervention. Easy access, abundance and diversity of valuable forest products led to an increase in population density, development of new residential areas and activities of deforestation. Change detection is essential in the assessment and management of natural resources. The aim of this study, was to monitor changes in forests of Siyahmezgi watershed in two time periods (2000 and 2015), using LandSat ETM+ (2000) and OLI (2015) images. Images were geometric corrected using 20 ground control points that are randomly taken from all over the watershed area, and topographic maps. After selection of the best indicators of using Bhattacharyya distance, image classification using an artificial neural network algorithm was performed. The results of classification of neural network method of Siyahmezgi watershed in two time periods (2000 and 2015) showed that overall accuracy is equal to 95.75% and 95.96%, respectively. The area of forest lands during 2000 and 2015 has been reduced in size 213.55 ha. In addition, in this area dense rangelands have declined, but during this period the extent of dry farming and semi-dense rangelands have 169.95 and 9.6 hectares were added, respectively. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Analysis of agricultural drought using remote sensing indices (Case study: Marivan city)
  Karim Solaimani Shadman Darvishi Fatemeh Shokrian
  The effects of drought can be represented as water resources declinations, vegetation and consequently, reducing agricultural production. To study and monitor drought, it is necessary to quantify its effects using drought indices.  The purpose of this study was to More

  The effects of drought can be represented as water resources declinations, vegetation and consequently, reducing agricultural production. To study and monitor drought, it is necessary to quantify its effects using drought indices.  The purpose of this study was to analyze drought in Marivan city using Landsat images from 2000 to 2017. After preprocessing the images, vegetation drought index (VDI) and vegetation health index (VHI) were extracted. Assessment of the indices showed that agricultural drought in VDI index was not observed in any year, and the values of this index were close to 100 that it indicates normal and optimal conditions. So, from 2000 to 2004 the normal conditions and from 2008 to 2017 have been optimal conditions in the dominant region. The results of VHI also show the Conditions without drought in the region. According to this index, extreme drought, severe drought and moderate drought in the studied years did not occur. The largest area of mild drought in the eastern and southeastern parts of the region in 2000, 2001, 2003, and 2005 was 38.23, 38.28, 12.29 and 35.74 km2, respectively. In general, According to the main emphasis of this study, based on VDI and VHI indices, from 2000 to 2017 (with the exception of  2012), the results indicate the absence of agricultural drought in the Marivan city. Considering the benefits of satellite images such as broader coverage, higher temporal resolution, and lower cost, it is recommended to use the knowledge of remote sensing for drought study. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Evaluating and monitoring of moisture variations in Meyghan wetland using the remote sensing technique and the relation to the meteorological drought indices
  Zohre Ebrahimikhusfi Mohammad Khosroshahi Mariam Naeimi Samira Zandifar
  Wetlands are one of the most important natural ecosystems that due to climate changes and recent droughts, their moisture levels have been reduced. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the Standardized precipitation, drought index   More

  Wetlands are one of the most important natural ecosystems that due to climate changes and recent droughts, their moisture levels have been reduced. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the Standardized precipitation, drought index  (SPI) and Standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index (SPEI) with mean values of Modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI)in Meyghan wetland. For this purpose, Landsat multitemporal images and climatic data related to the Arak synoptic station were used for the period of 28-year (1990-2017). After applying the necessary preprocessing on satellite images, MNDWI and its average values were computed for each year. In order to investigate the relationship between drought indices and mean values of MNDWI, the scatter diagram between them was delineated and the coefficient of determination obtained from the bivariate regression model was calculated. The results showed that the drying trend in Meyghan wetland during the study period was growing so that the average surface moisture of the wetland decreased from 0.36 in the initial years to -0.04 in the final years the coefficient of determination obtained from the fitting of the regression model between the SPI and MNDWI and between SPEI and MNDWI was estimated 0.34 and 0.51, respectively. These results indicate that 34% and 51% of the moisture changes in Meyghan wetland are explained by the SPI and SPEI, respectively. Manuscript profile
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  6 - An investigation of the relationship between land surface temperatures, geographical and environmental characteristics, and biophysical indices from Landsat images
  Abbasali Vali Abolfazl Ranjbar Marzieh Mokarram Farideh Taripanah
  Land surface temperature (LST) is an important indicator of habitat quality assessment for a local and global scale. In the present study, the effects of multiple factors on land use, geological formations, topographical and climate factors on LST in Kharestan region we More

  Land surface temperature (LST) is an important indicator of habitat quality assessment for a local and global scale. In the present study, the effects of multiple factors on land use, geological formations, topographical and climate factors on LST in Kharestan region were investigated. To this end, images of July Landsat 7 and 8 satellites during the period 2000-2017, digital elevation model, geological map and topography were used. The surface temperature was extracted using a split-window method and also land use extracted from the supervised classification method which has been done in 2017. The correlation between surface temperature and elevation, aspect, slope, vegetation, soil moisture, and air temperature variables was investigated using statistical methods. The results indicated that the surface temperature average was 43 °C, Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was 0.144 and Normalized difference moisture index (NDMI) was 0.068. According to the classification of images with an overall accuracy of 99.96% and kappa coefficients of 0.96, pasture and horticultural land cover the highest and lowest area, respectively. The highest surface temperature, 53 °C was observed in bare soil and residential areas and the lowest 29 °C in horticultural land. Moreover, the highest and lowest surface temperatures were related to Pabdeh-Gurpi and Asmari formations, respectively. In sunny slopes, the highest correlation, R2>0.5 was observed between surface temperature, elevation, temperature, vegetation, and surface moisture. Furthermore, in shady slopes, the surface temperature had the highest correlation, R2>0.5 with elevation, temperature, and vegetation. Among the above factors, elevation and temperature had the most influence on surface temperature. In addition, the correlation between vegetation index and a normalized moisture index with inverse surface temperature was >0.9. Also, the correlation between surface temperature and the air temperature was positive. Therefore, land use, geology, topography, vegetation, soil moisture, and air temperature are important factors in ecosystem temperature equilibrium.  Manuscript profile
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  7 - Evaluation of the relationship between land use, land vegetation, urban development with urban temperature classes using TM Landsat images and NDVI Index (Case study of Kermanshah (
  mohammadebrahim afifi
  The haphazard urban growth and the increase in population have caused problems for urban communities. Including the phenomenon of thermal islands, which is the result of an unusual increase in temperature of the city compared to its suburbs. In this paper, the condition More

  The haphazard urban growth and the increase in population have caused problems for urban communities. Including the phenomenon of thermal islands, which is the result of an unusual increase in temperature of the city compared to its suburbs. In this paper, the condition of Kermanshah thermal island in terms of spatio-temporal changes was investigated. The purpose of choosing Kermanshah is its important location and the lack of study in the field of thermal island. The data used in this research include using Landsat 5 multitemporal images b4, b5 and Thermal InfraRed with resolution 30, 120 meters and Landsat 8 b10, b11 with resolution 30 and 100 meters (TM 1992, 1998, 2007, 2011 and OLI/TIRS 2016), NDVI Index, Planck law for the TM images and two-window algorithm for OLI/TIRS images. Then the surface temperature was normalized, its relationship with vegetation loss and land use changes was investigated. The city was classified into five temperature classes from very cool to very hot, the area of each class was calculated and their variations were analyzed. The results showed a direct relationship between the thermal islands of Kermanshah with the city’s construction and land use. In the period of the study (1992-2016), the area of the city has almost doubled with the conversion of 3,800 hectares of agricultural and barren lands into urban areas. It was found that barren land use is the main center of the thermal islands. Manuscript profile
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  8 - A Study of The Relationship Between The Land Surface Temperature and Normalized Indicator of Vegetation in Urban Environment (Case Study: Esfahan Mega City)
  Om Salameh Babaee Fini
  The purpose of this research is to study the method of distribution of thermal models of land surface and the normalized indicator of vegetation and the relationship between these two variables in the cold and hot seasons in Isfahan city as one of the most important pop More

  The purpose of this research is to study the method of distribution of thermal models of land surface and the normalized indicator of vegetation and the relationship between these two variables in the cold and hot seasons in Isfahan city as one of the most important population centers in Iran. In line with this objective, employing the four images of the Landsat TM sensor, the land surface temperature and the normalized Index of vegetation in a 19-year time span was made in the dates of January 7, 1991, June 16, 1991, December 29, 2010 and July 4, 2010. The results of the research showed that: On 7 January, 1991, the minimum temperature of-1/1 centigrade, the maximum temperature of 16 centigrade with an average of 5/1 and standard deviation of 1/4 were calculated. On 16 June, 1991, the minimum temperature of 16, the maximum temperature of 33 centigrade with an average of 28 centigrade and standard deviation of 3, On 4 June, 2010, the minimum temperature of 18, the maximum temperature of 37 , with an average of 29 centigrade and standard deviation of 3/2, On 29 December, 2010, the minimum temperature of -3/6, the maximum temperature of 19, with an average of 7/7 centigrade and standard deviation of 3/2 were calculated. Also, the index minimum On 7 January, 1991 of -0/96 and its maximum of 0/78 with an standard deviation of 0/1 and On 16 June, 1991, the minimum index of -0/36, the maximum of 0/66 and the standard deviation of 0/14, On 4 June, 2010, the minimum index of -0/23, the maximum of 0/68 and the standard deviation 0/11 and on 29 December, 2010, the minimum index of -0/4, the maximum of 0/56 and the standard deviation of 0/066 were calculated. The dispersion of the hot temperature range in the regions of 5, 6 and 13 and in the cold period of the year and the hot temperature range in the regions of 6 and 5 and cold in the peripheral regions of Zayandeh Rood (River) in the hot period of the year is observable. Manuscript profile
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  9 - Analysis Temperature patterns associated with urban land use using remote sensing data (Case Study: Kermanshah city)
  mehdi narengifard Ahmad mazidi esmaeil abdoli
  Land use and land cover diversity and difference on one hand and changes in destruction of green space of the urban landscape as a result of increasing population and expanding dense urban areas on the other hand would result in change in energy balance, heat accumulati More

  Land use and land cover diversity and difference on one hand and changes in destruction of green space of the urban landscape as a result of increasing population and expanding dense urban areas on the other hand would result in change in energy balance, heat accumulation and temperature patterns in urban areas. Thus, the analysis of user relationships and the influence of land cover on slopes temperature can influence each other and play an important role in urban management. In this study, the thermal patterns in Kermanshah, a city in west of Iran as the main center of population which is faced with a growing population and high rates of immigration was studied. The purpose of this study is to extract heat patterns and land use in urban areas using remote sensing data. Therefore, classification of land cover classification based on the maximum likelihood algorithm is applied and the land surface temperature from TM sensor Landsat satellite images using to date: 31 August 2011 was measured. The results represented five temperature ranges and three residential users, vegetation and barren derived from the city  in which barren land use, residential and vegetation temperature range of 30-36 ° C and 16-22 and 25-26 have occupied the largest area data Manuscript profile