Evaluation of the relationship between land use, land vegetation, urban development with urban temperature classes using TM Landsat images and NDVI Index (Case study of Kermanshah (
Subject Areas :
1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد لارستان
Keywords: Kermanshah, surface temperature, Landsat images, remote sensing, Thermal island,
Abstract :
The haphazard urban growth and the increase in population have caused problems for urban communities. Including the phenomenon of thermal islands, which is the result of an unusual increase in temperature of the city compared to its suburbs. In this paper, the condition of Kermanshah thermal island in terms of spatio-temporal changes was investigated. The purpose of choosing Kermanshah is its important location and the lack of study in the field of thermal island. The data used in this research include using Landsat 5 multitemporal images b4, b5 and Thermal InfraRed with resolution 30, 120 meters and Landsat 8 b10, b11 with resolution 30 and 100 meters (TM 1992, 1998, 2007, 2011 and OLI/TIRS 2016), NDVI Index, Planck law for the TM images and two-window algorithm for OLI/TIRS images. Then the surface temperature was normalized, its relationship with vegetation loss and land use changes was investigated. The city was classified into five temperature classes from very cool to very hot, the area of each class was calculated and their variations were analyzed. The results showed a direct relationship between the thermal islands of Kermanshah with the city’s construction and land use. In the period of the study (1992-2016), the area of the city has almost doubled with the conversion of 3,800 hectares of agricultural and barren lands into urban areas. It was found that barren land use is the main center of the thermal islands.
