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Open Access Article
1 - Combination of QuEChERS Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction based on Magnetic Ionic Liquids for extraction of Carbamate Pesticides from Apple Samples prior to their analysis by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Sajjad Farajpour Mohammad Reza Afshar Mogaddam Jalil Khandaghi Introduction: Today, the use of pesticides has become an essential part of agricultural activities. Due to their relatively short lifespan, strong effect, and extensive variety of biological activities, carbamates are one of those that are frequently utilized as i More Introduction: Today, the use of pesticides has become an essential part of agricultural activities. Due to their relatively short lifespan, strong effect, and extensive variety of biological activities, carbamates are one of those that are frequently utilized as insecticides. The need to monitor the presence of pesticides in food products is a major concern because of their major risk on consumers' health.Materials and Methods: In the current research, Aldicarb, Carbaryl, and Primicarb insecticides were extracted from apple samples using a combination of QuEChERS technique with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, and their determination was carried out using HPLC-DAD. For this purpose, the effect of the effective factors in the two stages of the proposed extraction process was investigated and optimized. Also, merit figures including linear range, limits of detection and quantification, repeatability, enrichment factor, and extraction recovery were calculated in order to validate the developed method.Results: Concerned with the broad linear range (10.7-2000 ng/g) and the repeatability based on RSD% of 2.6 to 4.8, the proposed method proved highly capable of extracting the desired pesticide residues from apple samples. Under optimal conditions, the suggested approach had an extraction efficiency of 67–75%, an enrichment factor of greater than 335, and limits of detection and quantification of less than 4.2 and 14 ng/ml, respectively, which were less than the MRLs set for these pesticides in fruits and vegetables. The mentioned method was successfully performed on real apple samples and the results revealed that the samples did not contain any of the expected carbamates.Conclusion: In general, the developed method has the necessary ability to detect carbamate insecticides in apple samples. This method offers several advantages of being simple and reliable, employing green solvents, and short analysis time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Development of Dispersive Solid-phase Extraction Combined with Air-assisted Liquid-Liquid Microextraction for Determination of Sulfonamide Residues in Pasteurized Milk Samples using High Performance Liquid Chromatography
M. Tajallayi A. Haghighat Asiabar M. R. Afshar Mogaddam J. Khandaghi Introduction: One of the significant contaminants in animal-derived foods, such as milk, is antibiotic residues, which put consumers' health at risk. Monitoring the amount of antibiotic residue in milk is crucial in order to alert the nation's health authorities More Introduction: One of the significant contaminants in animal-derived foods, such as milk, is antibiotic residues, which put consumers' health at risk. Monitoring the amount of antibiotic residue in milk is crucial in order to alert the nation's health authorities and in this regard, several researches have been conducted for determination of different antibiotic residues in milk using various traditional and chromatographic methods. In this study, an efficient method for determining the residual levels of some sulfonamides in pasteurized milk was developed and presented. Materials and Methods: After dispersive solid-phase extraction combined with air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction of analytes, the residues of sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfamethazine in the pasteurized milk were determined using HPLC with a diode array detector. Following the evaluation of the effective factors in the extraction and optimizing them, the validation of method was carried out by calculating analytical parameters such as linear range, LOD, LOQ, repeatability, and extraction recovery. Results: In the developed two-step extraction method, satisfactory figures of merit were obtained, therefore the method's linearity was shown with a coefficient of determination higher than 0.995. The limits of detection and measurement were less than 1.2 and 3.2 ng ml-1, respectively, which is less than the MRLs established for these antibiotics in milk. The analysis of real samples showed the presence of sulfamethoxazole in three milk samples in concentrations of 13±0.1, 9±0.2 and 9.6±0.5 ng ml-1 and no other antibiotics were discovered in the examined samples. Conclusion: Overall, the established approach is a sensitive, accurate and reliable method and has high efficiency in determining selected antibiotics in milk samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Validation of Taurine Determination Method in Energy Drinks by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
M. Zabihi Negin M. Taherkhani -
Open Access Article
4 - Investigating the Changes in β-Carotene concentrations of Carrot and Sweet Corn Using Different Methods of Heat Treatments
M. Yahyaei A. Ghavami M. Gharachorloo K. Larijani S. Z. Mazhari -
Open Access Article
5 - Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Olive and Refined Pomace Olive Oils using HPLC/FLD
Z. Taghvaee Z. Piravivanak K. Rezaei M. Faraji -
Open Access Article
6 - Extraction and measurement of β-Carbolines and evaluation of antioxidant properties of leaf and seed extract of Spand (P.harmala) of Zahedan
Saeedeh Fahimi Shahrbanoo Oryan Ramesh Ahmadi Akram Eidiβ-Carbolines are an alkaloid containing indole group that easily passes through the blood-brain barrier and change the concentration of neurotransmitters, as well as a range of neurophysiological and toxic effects, including effects on body temperature, seizures, a Moreβ-Carbolines are an alkaloid containing indole group that easily passes through the blood-brain barrier and change the concentration of neurotransmitters, as well as a range of neurophysiological and toxic effects, including effects on body temperature, seizures, anti-depressant activity, vascular dilatation, anti-cumulative effects of platelets and effects on appetite. The aim of this study was to extract and measure β-Carboline and also phenolic compounds of Spand (p.harmala) collected from Zahedan. Further phytochemical analysis of extracts was carried out and the quantitative and qualitative analysis included identification of anthocyanins, flavonoids, tannins, anthraquinones, an antioxidant test of extract, FT-IR analysis of extract, quantitative and qualitative analysis of HPLC extract and alkaloids. The results showed that although the antioxidant properties of methanolic extract from leaves are higher (due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds) than the methanolic extract seeds, the amount of β-Carboline in the seeds of this plant (p.harmala) is higher. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Development of a Simple and Efficient Method for Preconcentration and Determination of Trace Levels of Fexofenadine in Plasma and Urine Samples
Vahid Boloori Mahnaz Qomi Foroozan Piroozi Farhad Raofie -
Open Access Article
8 - Simultaneous Determination of Carbazoles in Water Samples by Cloud Point Extraction Coupled to HPLC
Rouhollah Heydari -
Open Access Article
9 - Chemical Modification of Nanosilica Toward Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction of Trace Triazine Herbicides from Environmental Water Samples
Faezeh Khalilian Hadi Soori -
Open Access Article
10 - Aflatoxin levels fluctuation analysis in Demineralized whey powder production
ایمان Ebdali takalloo علی Mohamadi saniDemineralized whey powder is one of the materials which isused in medical and infant milk powder industries recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate theratio of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) detoxification in 90% demineralized whey powder (DWP-90), produced from sweet whey MoreDemineralized whey powder is one of the materials which isused in medical and infant milk powder industries recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate theratio of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) detoxification in 90% demineralized whey powder (DWP-90), produced from sweet whey. For this purpose, 36 samples gathered from different steps of production line including Sweet whey (12 sample), demineralized whey (12 sample) and DWP-90 (12 sample). The samples gathered from Nutricia-MMP factory during one year (from 2012 to 2013). AFM1 detected by High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Based on results, AFM1 was found in 100% of the samples but the concentration of AFM1 in all samples was less than maximum limit defined by Iranian national standards, No 5925 (100ppt for wheyand 1000ppt for whey powder). The Average amount of AFM1 in sweet whey (32.5ppt) and DWP-90 (45.8ppt) was less than maximum limit in CODEX and EC 1881/2006, defined for raw milk (50ppt). Considering total solid in sweet whey (6%±0.1) and DWP-90 (٪97) and concentration of AFM1 in these samples, about 91% reduction was found in concentration of AFM1during DWP-90 production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Validation of histamine determination Method in yoghurt using High Performance Liquid Chromatography
مریم Jahedinia گیتی Karim ایرج Sohrabi Haghdust S.M Razavi Rohani محبوبه Eskandari Biogenic amines are organic, basic nitrogenous compounds of low molecular weight that are mainly generated by the enzymatic decarboxylation of amino acids by microorganisms. Dairy products are among the foods with the highest amine content. A wide variety o More Biogenic amines are organic, basic nitrogenous compounds of low molecular weight that are mainly generated by the enzymatic decarboxylation of amino acids by microorganisms. Dairy products are among the foods with the highest amine content. A wide variety of methods and procedures for determination of histamine and biogenic amines have been established. Amongst, HPLC method is considered as reference method. The aim of this study was to validate Reversed Phase HPLC method determination of histamine in yoghurt. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile/water (18:88 v/v) and the flow rate was set at 0.5 ml/min using isocratic HPLC. Detection was carried out at 254 nm using UV-detector. Calibration curve that was constructed using peak area of standards was linear and value of correlation coefficient (r2) was estimated at 0.998. Good recoveries were observed for histamine under investigation at all spiking levels and average of recoveries was 84%. The RSD% value from repeatability test was found to be %4.4. Limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.14 and 0.42 µ/ml, respectively. The results of validation tests showed that the method is reliable and rapid for quantification of histamine in yoghurt. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Extraction and determination of flavonoid compounds kaempferol and quercetin in petals of Rosa damascene Mill. from North and North eastern Regions of Iran
Jaimand, جایمند Rezaee, M.B M.H Asareh S.R Tabaei Aghdaei سعیده Meshkyzadeh,Flavonoid components are the largest phenolic groups in nature. Kaempferol, quercetin has medicinal effects againts viruses and cancer cells. In f this research for extraction and determination of flavonoid compounds kaempferol and Quercetin in petals of Rosa damascena MoreFlavonoid components are the largest phenolic groups in nature. Kaempferol, quercetin has medicinal effects againts viruses and cancer cells. In f this research for extraction and determination of flavonoid compounds kaempferol and Quercetin in petals of Rosa damascena from north and north eastern of Iran, samples were collected in research Institute of Forest and Rangelands. Fresh flower petals were extracting and were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Two flavonoids kaempferol and quercetin glycoside compounds were extracted from 7 samples. The highest kaempferol content were obtained from Mazanderan 758ppm, Golestan 354ppm, and Cemnan 1, 349ppm, and the lowest from Gilan, 243ppm, Khorasan 2, 245ppm, and Khorasan 1, 283ppm. The highest quercetin glucoside contents were obtained from Khorasan 2, 2763ppm, Golestan, 617ppm, and Khorasan 1, 266ppm, and lowest were from Cemnan 1, 100 ppm, Gilan 174 ppm, and Mazanderan 204 ppm. According to the results best samples were from Khorasan 2 (245ppm kaempferol, 2763ppm quercetin), Golestan (354ppm kaempferol, 617ppm quercetin) and Khorasan 1 (283ppm kaempferol, 266 ppm quercetin). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - بررسی اثر شرایط اقلیمی بر غلظت استویوزید در استویای تولید شده در مناطق مختلف ایران و بهینه سازی شرایط استخراج استویوزید
آلاله نیکوئی محمد حجت الاسلامی جواد کرامت حسین کیانیمقدمه و هدف: با توجه به افزایش بیماریهایی از جمله دیابت و چاقی امروزه استفاده از جایگزینهای ساکارز برای تولید محصولات کم کالری و بدون قند مورد توجه پژوهشگران و صنعتگران قرار گرفته است. در این میان استویوزید با شیرینی 300 برابر نسبت به ساکارز Moreمقدمه و هدف: با توجه به افزایش بیماریهایی از جمله دیابت و چاقی امروزه استفاده از جایگزینهای ساکارز برای تولید محصولات کم کالری و بدون قند مورد توجه پژوهشگران و صنعتگران قرار گرفته است. در این میان استویوزید با شیرینی 300 برابر نسبت به ساکارز با توجه به طبیعی بودن آن دارای جایگاه ویژه ای میباشد. هدف از اینپژوهش بهینه سازی شرایط استخراج استویوزید از برگهای گیاه استویا (میزان حلال، دما و زمان) و بررسی اقلیمهای متفاوت بر روی میزان غلظت استویوزید میباشد. روش تحقیق: در ابتدا بهینه سازی استخراج استویوزید (میزان حلال، دما و زمان) صورت گرفته سپس نتایج بر روی گیاهان پرورش یافته در سه ناحیه با اقلیم متفاوت (اصفهان: معتدل و کوهستانی، شهرکرد: سرد و کوهستانی و شیراز: گرم و کوهستانی) اعمال شد و در نهایت میزان غلظت استویوزید با استفاده از کروماتوگرافی مایع با کارایی بالا مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج و بحث: با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده بهترین شرایط استخراج در مدت زمان 120 دقیقه، دمای 50 درجه سانتیگراد و حجم 160 میلیلیتر از حلال (اتانول) میباشد؛ درادامهبااعمالایننتایجبررویگیاهانرشددادهشدهدرسه شهراصفهان،شیرازوشهرکردنتایج بدست آمده نشان داد کهشرایطاقلیمیمی­تواند تاثیرگذار بررویمحصولباشدبهطوریکهدراینمیان گیاهان پرورش یافته در اصفهانبیشترینسطحوراندمانتولیدتندرهکتارودرمقابلازبیشترینناخالصیبرخوردارمیباشد در حالیکه گیاهان پرورش یافته در شیراز دارای کمترین راندمان تولید تن در هکتار و دارای خلوص بالا میباشند. توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی:با توجه به بالا رفتن مصرف شیرین­کننده­ی استویوزید و همچنین قیمت بالای شیرین­کننده­ی فوق، کشت و پرورش آن در کشور امری مهم محسوب میشود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان­دهنده­ی تحقق کشت این گیاه در کشور و استخراج شیرین­کننده­ی استویوزید با استفاده از حلال میباشد؛ با این حال انجام پژوهشهای بیشتر بر روی روشهای استخراج دیگر نیز امری ضروری و مهم میباشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIP) for Selective Solid Phase Extraction of Celecoxib in Urine Samples Followed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Saeedeh Ansari Azam Ghorbani
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