Dynasty

Open Access Article

1 - Dihghāns and Islamic Conquests
شهرام امیری

As the representatives of the social middle class in Iran before Islam,Dihghāns had an active role in the inner changes of the society;particularly in Sassanid era that they were a joining link betweencentral government, Arian aristocrats, Zoroastrian priests, and peopl More

As the representatives of the social middle class in Iran before Islam,Dihghāns had an active role in the inner changes of the society;particularly in Sassanid era that they were a joining link betweencentral government, Arian aristocrats, Zoroastrian priests, and people.From the beginning of Islamic conquests and then during the first andsecond centuries after Hijra, their role became more prominent as theyconducted most of the economical and social changes in Islamic Iran,and protected the old Iranian culture and transmitted it to nextgenerations. This role is investigated in this article. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Story as A Critical Text under N§sirÊd Period: Yåsuf Sh§h or Sit§rig§n-i FarÊbkhurdih by Akhåndz§deh
Hossein Bayatloo

10.30495/jhcin.2021.18218

The critical texts have been expanded under Q§j§r dynasty by most Iranian critics and reformists. The various works were written under the influence of political and social developments of Iran. The works were as Siyāsatnāmeh, Rasāil- i Mashråtah, intell More

The critical texts have been expanded under Q§j§r dynasty by most Iranian critics and reformists. The various works were written under the influence of political and social developments of Iran. The works were as Siyāsatnāmeh, Rasāil- i Mashråtah, intellectual and Ulamā works, Maktåbāt- i Khiyāli and story. The story as a new genre showed how the writers criticized some unsatisfactory situation under Q§jar that worth to be studied carefully. Among those who were pioneered in the such cases, we can refer to Mirz§ Fath Ali Akhåndz§de who is used in Tamthil§t tried to criticize some aspects of the NasirÊd period. Apparently, the story of Yåsuf Sh§h or Sit§rig§n i -FarÊbkhurdih is the most significant critical text which he has written about Q§j§r society. In this paper the author tries to examine this story as a critical text. According to the research findings, Yåsuf Sh§h is the best story of Akhundz§de and his political and social ideas about unorganized conditions of N§sirid period.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - A Study on the Structure of Rab’i Rashidi in Ilkhanids Era
Amir Dehghan Nejad Abdolrasoul Emadi Mohsen Rahmati

Rab’-i- Rashidi” was the largest medical center with a great religious endowment in Ilkhanids era. It was a hospital, for admitting and treating patients and a place for teaching medicine as well as preparing various drugs. The present paper investigates the More

Rab’-i- Rashidi” was the largest medical center with a great religious endowment in Ilkhanids era. It was a hospital, for admitting and treating patients and a place for teaching medicine as well as preparing various drugs. The present paper investigates the Rab’-i-Rashidi’s management structure, financial system, medical and scholarly functions via an analytic-descriptive study. The results show that, with the financial backing Rab’-i-Rashidi has had many functions as the modern hospitals. Using theoretical and clinical teaching methods simultaneously and also connecting to the educational centers worldwide, particularly China and India, Rab’-i- Rashidi tried to transform the scientific accomplishments to Iran. References Awḥadī Marāghiʾī, Rukn al- Dīn, Kulliyyāt- i Ashār- i Awḥadī Marāghiī (Manṭiḳ al- ʿUshshāḳ, Djām- i Djam), Revised by Saeed Nafisi, Tehran, Intishārāt- i Sanāyī, 1391/ 2012. Chardin, Jean, Safar- Nāma (Journal du voyage du Chevalier Chardin en persea aux Indes Orientals), Trans. Eghbal Yaghmaei, Tehran, Tūs, 1372/ 1992. Clavijo, Ruy González de, Safar-Nāma- yi Clavijo(Clavijo Embassy), Trans. Masoud Rajab Nia, Tehran, Bungāh- i Tardjuma wa Nashr- i Kitāb, 1377/ 1998. Clinical Research Development Units (CRDU) Hospital Research Development Committee  (HRDC) Declaration of Alma-Ata International Conference on Primary Health Care, Alma-Ata,  USSR, 6-12 September 1978. Sadeghiani, Ebrahim,  Sāzmān wa Mudīriyyat- i Bīmāristān, Vol. 2, Tehran, Intishārāt- i Djahān Rāyāna, 1377- 1389/ 1998- 2010. Gholi pour, Ariyan & KhaterehSilani, Mudīriyyat- i Manābi- i Insānī dar Bīmāristān- hā wa Marākiz- i Bihdāshtī wa Darmānī, Tehran, Mehraban Publishers , 1392/ 2013. Hamdānī, Rashīd al- Dīn Faḍl ullāh, Āthār wa Iḥyā, Revised by Manouchehr Sotodeh & Iraj Afshar, Tehran, University of Tehran McGill, 1368/ 1989. Idem, Djāmi al- Tawārīkh, Tarīkh- i Aḳwām Pādishāhān- i Khatā, Revised by Mohammad Roshan, Tehran Mīrāth- i Maktūb, 1385/ 2006. Idem, Laṭāif al- Ḥaḳāyiḳ, Revised by Gholamreza Taher, Vol.2, Tehran, University of Tehran, 1356/ 1977. Idem, Mukātibāt- i Rashīdī, Revised by Mohammad Shafi, Lahore, Lahore press, 1945/ 1324. Idem, Sawāniḥ al- Afkā al- Rashīdī, Revised by Mohammad Taqi Danesh Pajouh, Tehran, University of Tehran, 1358/ 1979. Idem, Tansūḳ- Nāma Yā Ṭib- i Ahl- i Khatā, Prolegomena by Mojtaba Minovi, Tehran, University of Tehran, 1350/ 1971. Idem, Tarīkh- i Mubārak Ghāzānī, Karl Jahn, Hertford, Steven Austin press, 1940/ 1319. Idem, Waḳf-nāma- yi Rab- i Rashīdī, Revised by Mojtaba Minovi & Iraj Afshar, Tehran, Intishārāt- iAndjuman- i Āthār- i Millī, 1356/ 1977. Herse,paul and kenneht H. Blancard, management of Organizional Behavior:Utilizing  human Resources, Englewood cliffs, New jersey, prentice Hall, Inc, 1989. Ivancevich, j, Human Resource management,11th  Editon. Irwin professional pub,2010. Jafari, Gholam- Ali & Others, Istāndārd- Hā- yi Itibār Bakhshī- yi Bīmāristān dar Iran, Tehran, Intishārāt- i Markaz- i Nashr- i Ṣidā, 1391. Khwāndmīr, Ghiyāth al- Dīn b. Hamām al- Dīn Ḥusaynī,Ḥabīb al- Siyar fī Akhbār-i Afrād al- Bashar, Vol. 4, Tehran, Intishārāt-i Kitāb Furūshi- yi Khayyām, 2nd ed., 1380/ 2001. Koontz, Harold & Others, Uṣūl- i Mudīriyyat(Essentials of management), Trans. Mohammad Ali Toosi & Others, Vol. 2, Tehran, Intishārāt- i Markaz Āmūzish- i Mudīriyyat- i Dawlatī, 1374/ 1995. Mīrkhwānd, Muḥammad b. Khwānshāh b. Maḥmūd, Rawḍat al- Ṣafā fī Sīrat al- Anbiyā wa l Mulūk wa l Khulafā, Revised by Jamshid Kian Far,Vol. 15, Tehran, Intishārāt- i Asāṭīr,1380/ 2001. Mojtahedi, Karim, Madāris wa Dānishgāh-hā- yi Islāmī wa Gharbī dar Ḳurūn- i Wusṭā, Tehran, IHCS, 1379/ 2000. Mustawfī, Ḥamdullāh, Nuzhat al- Ḳulūb, Revised by Mohammad Dabirsiaghi, Tahouri Bookstore, 1336/ 1957. Nahas VL and Others, Jordanian undergraduate nursing students' perceptions of effec  clinical teachers, Nurse Educ Today 1999; 19(8): 639-48.  Nasr, Hossein, Maḳām- i Rashīd al- Dīn Faḍl Allāh dar Tarīkh- i Falsafa wa Ulūm-i Islāmī, Madjmūa- yi Khaṭaba- Hā- yi Taḥḳīḳī Darbara- yi Rashīd al- Dīn Faḍl Allāh Hamdānī, University of Tehran, 1350/ 1971. Petrushevsky, Ilya Pavlovich & John Masson Smith, Tarīkh-i Idjtimāī- Iḳtiṣādī-yi Iran Dar Dawra- yi Mughūl,Trans. yaghoub Azhand, Tehran, Intishārāt- i  Iṭilāʿāt, 1366/ 1987. Rahnima, Majid, "Rashīd al- Dīn wa Rabʿ al- Rashīdī", Madjmūa- yi Khaṭaba- Hā- yi Taḥḳīḳī Darbara- yi Rashīd al- Dīn Faḍl Allāh Hamdānī, Tehran, Tehran University Press, 1350/ 1971. Rezaeian, Ali, Mabānī- yi Mudīriyyat- i Raftār- i Sāzmānī, Tehran, Samt, 1382/ 2003. Samarḳandī, Dawlatshāh, Tadhkirat  al- Shuarā, Revised by Edward Browne, Tehran, Asāṭīr, 1382/ 2003. Samarḳandī, Kamāl al- dīn ʿAbd al- Razzāḳ, Maṭla al- Sadayn wa-Madj ma-i al- Baḥrayn, Revised by Abdolhossein Navaei, Vol. 4, Tehran, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, 1383/ 2004. Sarton, George, Muḳaddamih’ ī  bar Tarīkh- i Ilm(Introduction to the History of Science), Trans. Golamhossein Sadri Afshar, Vol.3, Tehran, Intishārāt- i ʿIlmī wa Farhangī, 1383/ 2004. Shanghi Ranking consultancy. 2014. Retrieved 29 January 2015. Tabrizi, Hossein Abdoh, Nahād- i Mālī- yi Ṣandūḳ- hā- yi Waḳfī wa Uṣūl- i Islāmī- yi Faāliyyat- i Ān dar Iran, Nashriyya Markaz- i Taḥḳīḳāt- i Dānishgāh Imām Ṣādiḳ, No.25, 1384/ 2005. Ṭūsī, Khwadja Naṣīr al- Dīn Muḥammad b. Aḥmad, Madjmūa Rasāil Khwadja Naṣīr al- Dīn Ṭūsī, Revised byMohammad Taqi Modarres Razavi, Tehran, University of Tehran, 2nd ed., 1390/ 2011. Waṣṣāf, Faḍl Allāh b. ʿAbdullāh, Tarīkh- i Waṣṣāf al- Ḥaḍrat, Revised by Mohammad Mahdi Esfahani, Tehran, Ebne Sina & Allama Jafari Library, 1338/ 1959. Yidan, Wang, Khadamāt- i Khwādja Rashīd al- Dīn Hamdānī Dar Gustarish- i chīn Shināsī, Madjmūa- yi Maḳālāt Darbāra- yi Khwādja Rashīd al- Dīn Faḍlullāh wa Rabl- Rashīdī Tabrīzī, Revised by Reza Rahmani, Vol.2, Tehran, (Und.), 1388/ 2009.               Manuscript profile

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4 - A Review on Zanȃn-i- Khȃndȃn-i- ‘Asr-i-Tiymûrȋ (The Women of TimårÊd Dynasty)
Seyyed Hadi Zabihi

10.30495/jhcin.2022.20103

Although the Timurid period is one of the most important periods in the history of Iran, it has been less studied. One of the neglected fields of research of this period is the study of the status and role of Timurid women. The book The Women of Timurid Dynasty is a boo More

Although the Timurid period is one of the most important periods in the history of Iran, it has been less studied. One of the neglected fields of research of this period is the study of the status and role of Timurid women. The book The Women of Timurid Dynasty is a book that deals with this topic and is therefore praiseworthy. The present review is organized in two parts: firstly, an overview of the book chapters and secondly general imperfections of the book which includes: incorrect way of using sources and references, overcoming of feminist view and contradiction, lack of attention to details, lack of definitive analysis and obvious comments and Incorrect historical claims. Manuscript profile

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5 - Historical Evolution of Qajar House of Baqeri in Gorgan
Behnam Qelichkhani

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6 - Elixir of Recent Vestiges; A Comparative Study of the Indentity Problem in the Qajar Chronology
محسن Khalili

Cataloging of historical events could be done in three manners:historigraphy, chronology and beholding history. The author callsthem narration which has a distinguished speciality. He belives that asa matter of fact writing the events which have been taken place in theQ More

Cataloging of historical events could be done in three manners:historigraphy, chronology and beholding history. The author callsthem narration which has a distinguished speciality. He belives that asa matter of fact writing the events which have been taken place in theQajar dynasty into history was not never historigraphy and nor wasa chronology by itself. So there are several themes that run throughthe time which attemp to rethink beholding history in this way. Theauthor uses a modernized one: identity. He describes it as a processwhich leads to the realization of what is and who is. The content ofthis context can be analyzed on the basis of “Self-Else” , “traditionalreligiouslegitimate” and “authority”. In this article three texts of theQajar dynasty have been collate by these Substances: (elixir of history,royal vestiges, modern history). He concludes that identity have anyobjectivity itself. It is important to appreciate the full significance ofthe point that the history texts imply a process with men’s identity orindividaulity. This binary matching of identity with history has beenunderstood too inflexibly. Manuscript profile

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7 - The Aim of Mirza Melkum Khan Nazim al-Dowleh from Supporting Constitutional Movement
Rohollah Tahernia Reza Shabani Samghabadi Sina Forouzesh

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8 - The Impact of Quranic and Hadith Instructions on the Civilization of Buyid Dynasty and its Influence on Aḍud al-Dawla’s Practical Measures
Ramezan Rezaei

10.30495/qsf.2021.680780

The historical documents of Baghdad in the fourth century, as well as the analyzes obtained by narrators, commentators, historians, civilizations, philosophers of history, and others, indicate the intellectual and religious growth and expansion of Islam in comparison wi More

The historical documents of Baghdad in the fourth century, as well as the analyzes obtained by narrators, commentators, historians, civilizations, philosophers of history, and others, indicate the intellectual and religious growth and expansion of Islam in comparison with other periods. Therefore, this study intends to promote the unique development of various civil engineering areas such as the construction of medical and cultural sites, urban planning and restoration of ruins, attention to the restoration of holy observation, collection of hadith and the growth and expansion of interpretations and finally security in this era. ; Which has Quranic and hadith roots; Using original sources and texts and side analyzes, to discover the development motives of this ruler (Aḍud al-Dawla) and the motives that determine the why and how to direct his activities to some extent. For this reason, the main question is what has been the effect of Quranic and hadith teachings on the flourishing and brilliance of Shiite and Iranian thought? Manuscript profile

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9 - Tendency to Superstition and Anti-superstition in Iran’s Political Ideology (with Emphasis on the Qajar Dynasty)
Fariba Masoudi Mahmoud Ketabi Ali Akbar Amini

10.22034/sej.2020.1902229.1247

The purpose of the present study is to review the effects of “superstition” on the political underdevelopment in the Qajar dynasty. In this regard, the relationship between the superstitious culture and underdevelopment in the Qajar dynasty and the effects o More

The purpose of the present study is to review the effects of “superstition” on the political underdevelopment in the Qajar dynasty. In this regard, the relationship between the superstitious culture and underdevelopment in the Qajar dynasty and the effects of superstition on the non-participative political culture back then were studied. The method of study was causal-qualitative based on the historical and sociological approach; and the results showed that the superstitious culture of the Qajar dynasty with its non-scientific, irrational, and non-religious approach led the Iranian society to decadence or at least political underdevelopment. Indeed, the tendency to superstition and people’s belief to such false ideas during that age led to irrationality, dominance of mythological mentality, political dictatorship, and finally political underdevelopment. Manuscript profile

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10 - The School of Jabal ‘Amil and Cultural Transformations in Safavid Dyn
Mohammadreza Abdolahnasab Ali Shirkhani Maghsoud Ranjbar

10.22034/sej.2020.1884792.1211

  The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of the Jabal ‘Amil’s school on the cultural transformation of the Safavid dynasty. In this regard and using descriptive-analytical method, it was attempted to survey the nature and extent More

  The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of the Jabal ‘Amil’s school on the cultural transformation of the Safavid dynasty. In this regard and using descriptive-analytical method, it was attempted to survey the nature and extent of the immigration of Jabal ‘Amil’s scholars’ to Iran, the formation of the Safavid dynasty and its relationship with Jabal ‘Amil’s scholars, the effects of Jabal ‘Amil on the Safavid social developments, and the establishment of the jurisprudential school of Isfahan. The results showed that due to their principled approach in jurisprudence, the jurists of the Jabal ‘Amil played an active role in the Safavid social sphere. They margined Sufi movements and increased their authority by consolidating the authority of Marja’iat and establishing an administrative network of the Ulama. Therefore, Shiite religious rituals were performed according to jurisprudence. Manuscript profile

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11 - Theory of Political Sovereignty of Wali-e Faqih (Jurist Ruler) in the Jurisprudential Idea of Mullā Ahmad Narāqi
Azim Izadi Odlo Behnam Bahari Odlo

10.22034/sej.2021.1933009.1344

The purpose of the present study is to review the theory of political sovereignty of Wali-e Faqih (jurist ruler) in the jurisprudential idea of Mullā Ahmad Narāqi based on his book 'Avā'ed al-Ayyām. The research method is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that More

The purpose of the present study is to review the theory of political sovereignty of Wali-e Faqih (jurist ruler) in the jurisprudential idea of Mullā Ahmad Narāqi based on his book 'Avā'ed al-Ayyām. The research method is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that Mullā Ahmad Narāqi is the first jurist who has seriously and fundamentally dealt with the theory of Welāyat-e Faqih and discussed the total authority and power of the jurist during the Age of Absence. Therefore, what distinguishes Narāqi as a unique jurist is his claim and proposal of the theory of Welāyat-e Faqih denoting government and political leadership. Through introducing different aspects of the theory of Welāyat-e Faqih and bringing evidence for them, he has left former jurists and authoritative interpreters of the religious law behind and has revived Shi'ite political theory by giving a special and new manifestation to that. Thus, his perception of the political sovereignty of Wali-e Faqih per se created a new move in the realm of jurisprudence so that Welāyat-e Faqih found a new structure and gradually turned into a dominant and common theory in jurists' discussion about political ideology. Therefore, although the theory of political sovereignty of Wali-e Faqih proposed by Mullā Ahmad Narāqi during the Qajar dynasty was mostly theoretical and idealistic, it turned to be one of the most influential political beliefs in later periods so that the victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran in 1978 has been the manifestation of that perspective in Shi'ite political jurisprudence. Manuscript profile

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12 - Do's and Don’ts of Thermidor in the Political Regime in Islamic Republic of Iran Comparing to Parliament Regime
rashid rekabian

The purpose of present research is to investigate do's and don’ts in the Thermidor of the Islamic Republic of Iran comparing to parliament governance. Using a descriptive- analytic research method, the study aims to survey the disadvantages and advantages of parli More

The purpose of present research is to investigate do's and don’ts in the Thermidor of the Islamic Republic of Iran comparing to parliament governance. Using a descriptive- analytic research method, the study aims to survey the disadvantages and advantages of parliament governance and dynasty. The results show that thermidor towards parliament dynasty is essential since the tension between the authoritative power and the supreme leader increasingly develops in the last two decades but considering to the parliament dynasty advantages, this kind of tension will end. Moreover, the republic nature will be preserved and also the power and election result will be skewed to the path that promotes the legitimacy and efficiency of the Islamic regime and develop a moral culture in the society. On the other hand, it leads to an increase in the alliance among revolutionary forces and a decrease in the cost of voting and political misbehavior. On this base, a parliament dynasty is considered desirable. Manuscript profile

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13 - The Study of Sufism with Dynasty in Safavid and Qajar Period
masoud motallebi azeem Izadi Oudlo

The present research aims to investigate the position and quality of the Sufism relations with the dynasty in Safavid and Qajar period. Using the descriptive-analytical research method, the result show that mysticism in the first half of the Safavid realm and also in Mo More

The present research aims to investigate the position and quality of the Sufism relations with the dynasty in Safavid and Qajar period. Using the descriptive-analytical research method, the result show that mysticism in the first half of the Safavid realm and also in Mohammad Qajar’s realms have the most political power and they are considered one of the basis of power. Taking the key positions in authority, the Safavid established and promoted their political power and realm and became one of the most powerful forces while their power increasingly developed. However, when greediness and conspiracy of Kizilashes increased, the next kings of Safavid dynasty tried to suppress them and this dynasty lost its power by and by from the second half of Safavid governance. Having suppression the Safavid, most of them emigrated from Iran. Through establishing Zand dynasty in Iran and taking the power of the dynasty, Sufism (Tasawwuf) returned to Iran and resided in different cities and areas. The most critical tribe among them is Darvish Ne’matollāhī who gained very considerable influence in various parts of the country during Mohammad Shah’s period that their power increased again in political scenes and took high political status in Iran. Manuscript profile

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14 - Foucault's viewpoint of Power Struggle Analysis in the Shahnameh (the Goshtasp Dynasty) and Nibelungen Song
zahra Ghorbanipour farhad tahmasbi Sareh Zirak

10.30495/dk.2022.697638

Based on Foucault’s viewpoint, Power dominates all mechanisms of social exchange and it is linked to truth. Power in every society or period produces certain discourses as truth. According to Foucault's holistic plan for power, it is power that monitors, tames, no More

Based on Foucault’s viewpoint, Power dominates all mechanisms of social exchange and it is linked to truth. Power in every society or period produces certain discourses as truth. According to Foucault's holistic plan for power, it is power that monitors, tames, normalizes, and identifies the human.The process of power, including discourse power, Bio power, and disciplinary discourse (Genealogy), monitors the least detailed subject’s behavior. Also, there are discourses in the time and place that create conflict atmosphere and semantic disputes (Archeology). Meanwhile, this study duo to the infrastructures, signifiers, and discursive functions, especially power discourse analyzes and compares the two texts to understand how power discourse and its proportions produce and the role of man. The research method is descriptive and comparative which are indicating that in the story of Goshtasp the dominant discourses are religious-political identities, political identities, and Iranian king identity. On the other hand, in the Nibelungen Song there are religious - political identity, political identities, German king identities and class identity. In conclusion, the religious - political identity discourse with two signifiers (holy and magic), have found a dominance and influence on the others discourse identity. Goshtasp and Kriemhilde are not normalized by power, but they are the powerful and knowledgeable characters, and combine the ideas of other characters with their own. Esfandiari and Siegfried were not normalized by power relation, but they adjust to the prevailing relations later. Manuscript profile

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15 - The Images of Iranian Characters in the Poetic Mirror of al-Buhturi (the Case Study of Āl Sahl)
Farshad Jabaruti Aliasghar Ghahramani Moghbel Abolfazl Rezayi

According to historical books, "’Āl Sahl" was an original Iranian family who played a prominent role in the first Abbasid government after the Barmakids. Fadl ibn Sahl, known as Dhu al-Ri'āsatayn (The man of two chairmanships), Hasan ibn Sahl, his brother and More

According to historical books, "’Āl Sahl" was an original Iranian family who played a prominent role in the first Abbasid government after the Barmakids. Fadl ibn Sahl, known as Dhu al-Ri'āsatayn (The man of two chairmanships), Hasan ibn Sahl, his brother and wazir of al-Ma'mun), and Ibrahim bin Hasan, hajib (chamberlain) of al-Mutawakkil, were the most distinguished characters of this family. Al-Buhturi (d. 284 H.) despite of his Arab origin, praised this family, after familiarity with them, in several of his odes and confessed their merits, and of course received their generous gifts. Al-Buhturi mixed ’Āl Sahl praises with the names of Sassanid kings, which manifests the desire of this Arab poet to Iranian civilization and culture. The method of this research is comparative one relied on imageologic approach from French school. We can conclude that al-Buhturi, due to his abundant interests in ’Āl Sahl, reflects also in his poems numerous dimensions of the Iranian civilization and culture. He manifested clearly through 'Arab I' the transcendental characteristics of the human beings in the portrait of 'Iranian the other'. Manuscript profile

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16 - A study of Mongol and Teymour Goverments’ Effects on Developmment of Mystical Thoughts
mehdi Mohaghegh Aezu Lari Jani

The Literature is born in the thought of poets ,and it shows itself in the from of prose and poems. What directs the human’s thought and motivates him to   think a bout a subject is the political’ social, and cultural condition of  society bec More

The Literature is born in the thought of poets ,and it shows itself in the from of prose and poems. What directs the human’s thought and motivates him to   think a bout a subject is the political’ social, and cultural condition of  society because human is not separated from his society. Hardship, comfort, and dominant culture and happiness. A literary man or Poet, in flounced by such a condition ,leads his thought period of Monogl and Teymour is one of the most effective period in the formation of literary subjects of this era. The particular domineering condition of society, Mongol culture, religious freedom, and Mongol’s suppressions beliefs provided the helpful conditions to develop the mythical reflections. In this article it has been tried to study and investigate the Mongol period in order to identify (extract)the main reasons of mysticism development at that time. Manuscript profile

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17 - Sufi s List of Evidencess (Naghshbandineh: Based on narrations by Seddighiyeh Dynasty)
پروفسور سیدحسن امین

Sufis dynasties recognize themselves as the disciples of religious leaders, as for which they have registered their kinship dynasty. The relevant documents and narrations are considered to be a significant part of the written inheritance of Sufism ans so far little has More

Sufis dynasties recognize themselves as the disciples of religious leaders, as for which they have registered their kinship dynasty. The relevant documents and narrations are considered to be a significant part of the written inheritance of Sufism ans so far little has there been any ananlysis on them. The current paper endeavors to deal with one of the narrations related to Naghshbandineh, having a fundamental role in identifying personages of the dynasty such as Abdur Rahman Jami and others as well as being regarded as the keys to explore mysticism ans Sufism. Studyng the available primary resources can lead us to the date of extablishment of Khanghah-Sufis temple- and Sufis establishments as well, depiciting an important part of social and political Sufism. Manuscript profile

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18 - Comparative analysis of the concept of Islamic City in Esfahan during Seljuq and Safavid dynasties
Pooya Parvin Mona jadidi

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19 - Woman and Political Development from the 7th Century to Pahlavi Dynasty Cease
بیتا Babai rad Sh Hatam por

The contemporary Iranian society is an in-transformation society. The significant features of the transmutting period are disorganization of society general conditions, behavioral and thought chaos.  Political, cultural, social and economical structures, as parts o More

The contemporary Iranian society is an in-transformation society. The significant features of the transmutting period are disorganization of society general conditions, behavioral and thought chaos.  Political, cultural, social and economical structures, as parts of a society, are evolving from traditional authority to rational sovereignty. Meanwhile, status of Iranian woman had undergone some quantitative changes whether by force or by obliging, but regarding the political development, in contrast to women status in western world, Iranian women political situation has not sustain an appropriate place. The reason of being in such cast away of women from political developments is rooted in old cultural, social and political believes and structures of the previous centuries. In this research, we reviewed the role of women in political streams and revolutions from 7th century to Pahlavi dynasty cease based on the historical documents. Manuscript profile

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20 - Ardashir Khorreh; the Capital of Ardashir Papakan
Reza MehrAfarin Sorour Khorashadi Abbas Jame Bozorg

Ardashir Papakan, the founder of Sassanid dynasty, emphasized to urbanism. He made a large number of cities to who pointed out most of historians and geographers of the first Islamic century. The largest and most important city of Ardashir was Gur or Ardashir Khoreh whi More

Ardashir Papakan, the founder of Sassanid dynasty, emphasized to urbanism. He made a large number of cities to who pointed out most of historians and geographers of the first Islamic century. The largest and most important city of Ardashir was Gur or Ardashir Khoreh which was located in the vicinity of Firooz Abad in Fars province. This was the capital of Ardashir and also had a circular shape as like as some Parthian cities. There was located a lofty tower called Terbal in the middle of the town. It was the symbol of Anahita, the goddess of water and near it was a large palace. Islamic geographers have described the buildings of Ardashir Khoreh and also the archaeologists have dug in it in recent century. So, there are many data about this city and its installations. Ardashir Khoreh was founded after Ardeshir victory over Ardavan V and then constructed a glorious palace called Ardashir palace in the vicinity of the town and at a good climate place. This palace was Appropriate to dignity and glory of Ardashir, so, he rest in it at the end of his life and indeed, after abdication of power. Ardashir ordered to construct a strong and stable fortress on the summit of Tangab in order to maximize his small army against Ardavan`s attacks and also underpin the release of Iran. Manuscript profile

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21 - The reasons behind the Zubeir dynasty, wives and vassals in their approach to Early Islamic tradition and narratives
mohammadreza ghazanfare

Zubeir ibn Awwam one of the companions of prophet (p.b.u.h) his sons, wives and vassals had quoted prophetic narratives and historical information about the events of early Islamic period. Their historical and traditional advices have been transmitted to next generation More

Zubeir ibn Awwam one of the companions of prophet (p.b.u.h) his sons, wives and vassals had quoted prophetic narratives and historical information about the events of early Islamic period. Their historical and traditional advices have been transmitted to next generation it is because they not only are derived from persons who had participated in those events, but also as protectors of the special information of dynasty. They were recognized as one of the resources of traditions and narratives with employing special methods that was current in course of time. Although political and military aspects of Zubair dynasty are more prominent in the history of Islam; but scientific and cultural aspects of this dynasty are also considerable and remarkable which can not to be neglected. In this paper it has been tried to exmine the motine and the reasons that this dynasty have choosen new approach in narrating the early Islamic history traditions.   Manuscript profile

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22 - The Effect of social and Economic system on dichotomy of caliphat and monarchy Institution during Buyid dynasty
mohammad hashem rahnema

In this paper it has been tried to examine the relationship between «social and economic system» and «State Institution» during Buyid dyanasty and their effect on each other. For this purpose it is going to answer to this question that why Shia B More

In this paper it has been tried to examine the relationship between «social and economic system» and «State Institution» during Buyid dyanasty and their effect on each other. For this purpose it is going to answer to this question that why Shia Buyid did not expell the Sunni caliph while they had enough power to do so. It is going to explain the main reason for not doing so was the dichotomy of caliphate and monarch and the effect of «social and economic system on it which had formed long ago after» translation movmet. This study, incentives the political opportunism of Buyid rulers and explains that capabilities of «social and economic system» of caliphat preuonting Buyid to expell caliphate Manuscript profile

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23 - Gilan religious conditions at the Age of Al-e Kiya
mohammadkarim yusofjamali

The territory of Gilan has been already different from ancient Periods to Temporary periods for natural geography and its social and land system structure with other areas of Iran .Its natural cover has been caused the big governors of the history could not enter this p More

The territory of Gilan has been already different from ancient Periods to Temporary periods for natural geography and its social and land system structure with other areas of Iran .Its natural cover has been caused the big governors of the history could not enter this province, so political ,religious opposites of governments  used this situation and continued to promoting of his religion in this area .Islam religion could not admit to Gilan territory till half-second of 3th century.From this period,Shieate opposites of Abbasi could promote their (religion )to this .It means (Tashayo e Zeydi ).Their (religion) to this territory.The same time with the extension and power of Zeydiyeh in Gilan ,other religions such as Esmaealiyeh ,Moshabahi  and Tashayo Emami made effort.Al-e Kiya family ,after getting power in Eastern Gilan bothered the other group of religious for self confident in religion of Zeydiyeh and blocked their activity.One of the most important of religion evident in Gilan history is the refuging of Esmaeel Mirza to Lahijan and the effect of Al –e Kiya on Safaviyeh.According to witness ,Al – e Kiya has many effect on creating the Shiite  on the Safavid Dynasty ).The safavid Dynasty government had put Al-e Kiya under pressure on the 10 th A.H  century  (15 A.D) and forced them to accept the religion of Tashayo e Jafari  Manuscript profile

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24 - Reza Qoli Mirza and reflexive traditionalism
Keramatollah Rasekh

The aim of the study is to explore the application possibility “reflexive traditionalism” concept with the empirical study of the travel book of Reza Qoli Mirza. The research method is bibliographic and has been carried out with the help of historical docume More

The aim of the study is to explore the application possibility “reflexive traditionalism” concept with the empirical study of the travel book of Reza Qoli Mirza. The research method is bibliographic and has been carried out with the help of historical documents. “Reflexive Traditionalism” is an expression of the reaction of tradition to modernity. Fathali Shah, the second Shah of the Qajars (1796-1925), died in October 1834. After his death his sons argued for the succession. One who was entitled to the throne was his son Hosyen Ali Mirza, governor of Fars. He did not submit to the Crown Prince Mohammed Shah, the son of Abbas Mirzas and the grandson of Fathali Shah, and was crowned in Shiraz as “Ali Shah”. Mohammed Shah sent his army to Shiraz, defeated, sent to Tehran, and died in June 1835 in Tehran when he was 47 years old. His sons Reza Quli Mirza, Taymur Mirza and Najaf Qoli Mirza fled and left Iran in April 1835 and traveled to England via Iraq, Syria and Lebanon. They stayed in England for almost a year, on September 3, 1836, and arrived in Baghdad on April 11, 1837, through France, Belgium, Bavaria, Prussia, Austria, and the Ottoman Empire. Reza Qoli Mirza summarized the events of this journey as a travel book. The travel book Reza Qoli Mirza is examined with emphasis on the following aspects: 1) England from his point of view; 2) The English from the perspective of Reza Qoli Mirza; 3) About his person. Manuscript profile

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25 - A speculation over Timortash’, a minster of Royal Courts during Reza Shah, political behaviour and the end of his currier
usef motevali

Formation of Pahlavi dynasty was the result of efforts a number of Smart administrators  during the Reza Shah who by managing the critical condition of Iran and by help of foreigner governments could provide a ground for the fall of Qajar and the formation of Pahla More

Formation of Pahlavi dynasty was the result of efforts a number of Smart administrators  during the Reza Shah who by managing the critical condition of Iran and by help of foreigner governments could provide a ground for the fall of Qajar and the formation of Pahlavi dynasty. Abdol-Hossian Sadr-e Azam Korasani known as Timortash was one those smart administrators in this period. He together with two other admistrators, Ali Akbar Davar and Nasrollah Firouz played an important role on rise of Reza Khan and formation of Pahlavi dynasty. It was probably because of his effort that he was later appointed as the minster of Royal Court and became the second powerful man in Iran after Reza Shah.  Because of  strong position of Timoretash in early of Reza Shah rule, the appointment of any Prime Minesters, Minsters, MPs, Provincial governors and... was nearly impossible without his consent. However, in middle of Reza Shah Rule anything was changed. In this period not only he lost all of his political influence and power, but also he lost his life as well. In this research and based off on contemporary documents and sources from Qajar and pahlavi it has been tried to examine the process of Timoretash raising to power, his political currier and end of his life by using historical research method Manuscript profile

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26 - Nader Shah Afshar Ali Shah endowment Tasyrsyasthay and reduce or increase the endowments of Astan Qods Razavi
ali souzanchi reza shabani

Since main formation of Astan-qods-Razavi based on endowment for Razavi holy shrine; confiscation of this income by king Nader Afshar has affected on A.Q.R organization. Affection in financial field specially in reduce of endow during that time in Iran because of no de More

Since main formation of Astan-qods-Razavi based on endowment for Razavi holy shrine; confiscation of this income by king Nader Afshar has affected on A.Q.R organization. Affection in financial field specially in reduce of endow during that time in Iran because of no desire of devote their property in whole is subject to study These affair (endowment) that included NGO institution converted to governmental identity for the purpose of government army funding and intent of endower wasted. When Alishah came to throne after Nader; he tried to restoration of trust of society in endow field. He tried to change the procedure of endowment to real purpose the same like in Safavid period. At the beginning himself determined many endowment for A.Q.R and changed intent of endower for endowment instead of government economical purpose. In this article , endowment in king Nader period and his successors have been studied and affection of endowment policy of king Nader and Alishah Afshar in reduce and increase of endowment in A.Q.R at Afshari dynasty has been analyzed Manuscript profile

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27 - The Effect of social and Economic system on dichotomy of caliphat and monarchy Institution during Buyid dynasty
Mohammad Hashem Rahnama

In this paper it has been tried to examine the relationship between «social and economic system» and «State Institution» during Buyid dyanasty and their effect on each other. For this purpose it is going to answer to this question that why Shi More

In this paper it has been tried to examine the relationship between «social and economic system» and «State Institution» during Buyid dyanasty and their effect on each other. For this purpose it is going to answer to this question that why Shia Buyid did not expell the Sunni caliph while they had enough power to do so. It is going to explain the main reason for not doing so was the dichotomy of caliphate and monarch and the effect of «social and economic system on it which had formed long ago after» translation movmet. This study, incentives the political opportunism of Buyid rulers and explains that capabilities of «social and economic system» of caliphat preuonting Buyid to expell caliphate.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - The reasons behind the Zubeir dynasty, wives and vassals in their approach to Early Islamic tradition and narratives
Mohammad Reza Ghazanfari

Zubeir ibn Awwam one of the companions of prophet (p.b.u.h) his sons, wives and vassals had quoted prophetic narratives and historical information about the events of early Islamic period. Their historical and traditional advices have been transmitted to next generation More

Zubeir ibn Awwam one of the companions of prophet (p.b.u.h) his sons, wives and vassals had quoted prophetic narratives and historical information about the events of early Islamic period. Their historical and traditional advices have been transmitted to next generation it is because they not only are derived from persons who had participated in those events, but also as protectors of the special information of dynasty. They were recognized as one of the resources of traditions and narratives with employing special methods that was current in course of time. Although political and military aspects of Zubair dynasty are more prominent in the history of Islam; but scientific and cultural aspects of this dynasty are also considerable and remarkable which can not to be neglected. In this paper it has been tried to exmine the motine and the reasons that this dynasty have choosen new approach in narrating the early Islamic history traditions.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - Investigation of Shi'ism current opportunities from the fall of Baghdad To the establishment of the Safavid dynasty
Azadeh Montazeri

Recognizing Shi'ism in the Safavid period is a phenomenon which is rooted in centuries, currents, and ups and downs that Shi'ism faced in its attempt to prove itself. The present study made an attempt to examine Shi'ism, its opportunities from the fall of Baghdad to the More

Recognizing Shi'ism in the Safavid period is a phenomenon which is rooted in centuries, currents, and ups and downs that Shi'ism faced in its attempt to prove itself. The present study made an attempt to examine Shi'ism, its opportunities from the fall of Baghdad to the establishment of Safavid dynasty, and the recognition of Iran's Twelver Shi'ism .The results revealed that ,in the course of Iran’s history, from the beginning until before the fall of Baghdad(656 A.H),the tendency to Shiite has been rising but it occurred slowly. However, after the Mongol devastating invasion of Iran and the Muslim world and the presented opportunities, Shi'ism current found such power and acceleration that, after nearly three centuries, despite various sects and religions in Iran, finally, it was formalized and conjoined with the Iranian identity. Manuscript profile

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30 - Gilan religious conditions at the Age of Al-e Kiya
Mohammad Karim Yosef Jamali Abbas Panahi

The territory of Gilan has been already different from ancient Periods to Temporary periods for natural geography and its social and land system structure with other areas of Iran .Its natural cover has been caused the big governors of the history could not enter thi More

The territory of Gilan has been already different from ancient Periods to Temporary periods for natural geography and its social and land system structure with other areas of Iran .Its natural cover has been caused the big governors of the history could not enter this province, so political ,religious opposites of governments used this situation and continued to promoting of his religion in this area .Islam religion could not admit to Gilan territory till half-second of 3th century.From this period,Shieate opposites of Abbasi could promote their (religion )to this .It means (Tashayo e Zeydi ).Their (religion) to this territory.The same time with the extension and power of Zeydiyeh in Gilan ,other religions such as Esmaealiyeh ,Moshabahi and Tashayo Emami made effort.Al-e Kiya family ,after getting power in Eastern Gilan bothered the other group of religious for self confident in religion of Zeydiyeh and blocked their activity.One of the most important of religion evident in Gilan history is the refuging of Esmaeel Mirza to Lahijan and the effect of Al –e Kiya on Safaviyeh.According to witness ,Al – e Kiya has many effect on creating the Shiite on the Safavid Dynasty ).The safavid Dynasty government had put Al-e Kiya under pressure on the 10 th A.H century (15 A.D) and forced them to accept the religion of Tashayo e Jafari . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - Political sociology of political developments of the Qajar government from the point of view of Vilfredo Pareto's elite circulation theory
Ghasem Gol hoseini Manije Kazemi Shahrazad Sasanpour Daud Ebrahimpour

10.30495/jss.2023.1985135.1556

The main goal of the present study was to analyze political sociological developments of the Qajar government from the point of view of Vilfredo Pareto's elite circulation theory. In this article, the following research questions are investigated: How can the political More

The main goal of the present study was to analyze political sociological developments of the Qajar government from the point of view of Vilfredo Pareto's elite circulation theory. In this article, the following research questions are investigated: How can the political developments of the Qajar dynasty be analyzed from the point of view of Vilfredo Pareto's elite circulation theory? What was the role of the elites in creating the changes of the Qajar period? The research method was practical in terms of purpose, and in terms of data collection, it was qualitative in a documentary and library style, and data collection tools were slips and note-taking. Pareto introduces the circulation of elites in the history of societies as a necessary and natural factor in the direction of progress. The political sociological analysis of the political developments of the Qajar regime showed that the lack of circulation of elites in the society of the Qajar era caused the imbalance of the political system and the appropriate response to political and social developments, in addition to proving the inefficiency of the official elites, it paved the way for entering new elites in the political domain. With the fall of the tsarist government in Russia, the Qajar government, which relied on the political structure of tribal kings, suffered social disintegration. Manuscript profile

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32 - the reign of Darius the Great and Ardashir I and their role in the development of Persepolis
Amir Hossein Soltani Bahman Firuz Mandy Reza Shabani Hayedeh Khamseh

Persepolis is one of the most valuable historical monuments in Iran and the world, which is very important because of its political position, sovereignty, geographical location, architecture and its role in the developments of ancient Iranian history.It was started by D More

Persepolis is one of the most valuable historical monuments in Iran and the world, which is very important because of its political position, sovereignty, geographical location, architecture and its role in the developments of ancient Iranian history.It was started by Darius and continued during the reign of Ardashir I. Therefore, the present article seeks to examine the kingdom of Darius the Great and Ardashir I and their role in the development of Persepolis. After expanding the conceptual space of the research topic, he will examine the role of Dariush the Great and Ardeshir I in the development of Persepolis. According to the thematic documents presented in this study, the research method is descriptive-analytical and the method of data collection in this research is library.The findings of this study indicate that the land of Iran has long been the origin of great and ancient civilizations, the Achaemenid kingdom is one of them that is aware of the civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece and Rome and of course from These civilizations have inspired and influenced them, this has influenced the formation and construction of Persepolis.Secondly, many consider the construction of Persepolis to be from the time of Darius the Great, which was later restored by the kings, and during the reign of Ardashir I, its construction and development were added. Manuscript profile

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33 - The secret of the failure of the Azerbaijan State Association during the Iranian constitutional movement
saeed atashbar manizheh Sadri seyed mahmoud sadat Monirh kazemirashed

Purpose: Investigating the causes of the failure of the Azerbaijan State Association in the constitutional era. Method and Research: This article tries to study the causes of failure of the Azerbaijan State Association in the constitutional era by descriptive-analytical More

Purpose: Investigating the causes of the failure of the Azerbaijan State Association in the constitutional era. Method and Research: This article tries to study the causes of failure of the Azerbaijan State Association in the constitutional era by descriptive-analytical method.Research Findings: One of the most important achievements of the Iranian constitutional movement is the formation of state and provincial associations. These associations played a significant role in the developments of the constitutional era, and as the main protectors of the constitutional movement and the National Assembly, they acted in a way that provoked the anger and hatred of the supporters of tyranny against them. In the same way, in the last months of the life of the first term parliament, a sharp reaction was formed in the associations and especially in the Tabriz association, which was called the Holy National Association; Which led to the extinction of all associations in the coming days of the assemblies. The present article intends to advance the discussion and provide a proper answer to the fundamental question of finding the causes of the failure of the Azerbaijan State Association in the developments of the constitutional era. Keywords: Qajar Dynasty; Constitutional Movement; Tabriz Association; Association Failure; Dissolution. Manuscript profile

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34 - Analysis of Iran-Japan relations from the constitutional movement to the end of the Pahlavi dynasty
mohammad Bidgoli asghar rajabi dehborzoei

Undoubtedly, the capacities of the two countries of Iran and Japan in various political, commercial and cultural fields have become an undeniable necessity. In fact, these two great countries with long-standing and historical relations that have always been respected an More

Undoubtedly, the capacities of the two countries of Iran and Japan in various political, commercial and cultural fields have become an undeniable necessity. In fact, these two great countries with long-standing and historical relations that have always been respected and liked by the nation and people of both countries have been the basis for development in all fields throughout history. The aim of the current research is to answer this basic question: how was the relationship between Iran and Japan from the constitutional movement to the end of the Pahlavi dynasty? In this article, the researchers investigate this issue by using the documentary method, relying on written library sources and articles. The results of the present research show that, except for a period in the Second World War when the Iranian government was forced to cut ties with Japan due to the pressure of the Allies, in other historical periods, the political, commercial and cultural relations between Iran and Japan are always and gradually growing and has been expanding. Manuscript profile

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35 - An Introduction to the Religious Beliefs and Politics of Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar
Javad Noorian Amir Teymour Rafiei hamid reza safakish

The religious beliefs of Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar can be discussed regarding his religious policy. A kind of religious belief seems to be apparent and recognizable in his behavior and actions so that he, as the king of a Shiite country, tried to show that he is the guar More

The religious beliefs of Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar can be discussed regarding his religious policy. A kind of religious belief seems to be apparent and recognizable in his behavior and actions so that he, as the king of a Shiite country, tried to show that he is the guardian of the Shiite religion. Generally, the rule of Agha Mohammad Khan is mostly referred to as a military and violent rule. Historical resources have further described his immeasurable military campaigns and bloodshed. In the meantime, the study of his religious spirits and beliefs has been completely neglected. The purpose of this research was to investigate the religious beliefs of Agha Mohammad Khan and his approach in dealing with Shiite scholars. This research is conducted through a descriptive-analytical method using library resources. The results showed that as the founder of the Qajar dynasty, he was completely religious and loyal to the principles of Shiism by his heart regardless of hypocrisy. On the other hand, while respecting Shiite scholars, he did not allow them to involve in political affairs very much and used them occasionally. Manuscript profile

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36 - Insight and Method Historiography of Hamzeh Esfahani In the Sanni al-Muluk and al-arz al-Anbia
Zekrollah Mohammadi Pourya Esmaeili

This article examines the historiography style of Hamzeh Esfahani, the historian of thefourth century AH. His book is Sanni al-Muluk and al-arz al-Anbia, which was writtento Arabic in 350 AH. There are ten episodes that have been dedicated in several chapterto the histo More

This article examines the historiography style of Hamzeh Esfahani, the historian of thefourth century AH. His book is Sanni al-Muluk and al-arz al-Anbia, which was writtento Arabic in 350 AH. There are ten episodes that have been dedicated in several chapterto the history of the kings of Iran, Rome, Greece, the Copts, the Israelites, the Qassani,and Quraysh. The author was heavily patriotic and influenced by Shubia movement,which is very clear in the content of the book. This question arises, what was the basis ofthe insight and method of historiography of Hamzeh Esfahani? The hypothesis is asfollows, his vision is universal and is based on divine appreciation, because it deals withthe history of the various tribes according to divine providence and his methodology isbased on the historiography of the dynasties, which is based on the tradition of Iranianhistoriography. This article with use the method of historical research is based on thedescription and analize, examines the dimensions and angles of the subject gives. Themain findings of the research show, which Hamzeh Esfahani, influenced by SassanidPahlavi texts such as, Xvatai-Namag, as well as with awareness of governments, tribesand various religions, named as the book History of the Prophets and the Kings, So thisway Link and matched between the two and with a clever to draw the attention of thepeople to his book, which is interesting in this regard. Manuscript profile

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37 - Study and comparison of ministry position under Abbasid and Ilkhanid caliphates with leaning of Barmakids and Joveini dynasty
Nahid Mohammadioun Shabestari Masoumeh GhareDaghi Zekrollah mohammadi Manizheh sadri

During both periods when Iran was attacked by Muslim Arabs and the Mongols,bureaucrats came to cooperate with the conquerors. Included in these were theBarmakids and the Joveini dynasties who could reach ministry under Abbasidand Ilkhanid caliphates. Bureaucracy used to More

During both periods when Iran was attacked by Muslim Arabs and the Mongols,bureaucrats came to cooperate with the conquerors. Included in these were theBarmakids and the Joveini dynasties who could reach ministry under Abbasidand Ilkhanid caliphates. Bureaucracy used to be the trend in these two dynastiesand they were bureaucrats in previous in previous governments. These twodynasties could influence the Abbasid and Ilkhanid caliphates and steer themtowards Iranian culture and they could take steps to revive and restructureIranian culture. During their ministries, the Barmakids and the Joveini dynastiesconducted many development services including building mosques, schools andmansions. Also, they could reach a highly significant position in science andliterature. Not only did they write books by themselves but also many writersand scientists wrote their books under their names. Similarly, they patronizedmany poets and scientists. Although the Barmakids and Joveini dynastiesprovided many services, their power and influence produced rivals who set thestage for their fall. Barmakids and Joveini dynasties represent a specialbureaucrat group in Iranian society who left their name permanently in historyand time. Manuscript profile

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38 - Hadis Centrality in Ahvaz and its position in Holism of Jafari Jurisprudence In the second and third centuries
mehdi nedaei Mohammad Reza Hedayatpanah

Ahvaz region has had its period of scientific flourishing in the second and third centuries AH and recorded as the Central of Hadis competence.Muhaddiths like Faddala b. Ayyub, Hassan Ibn Saeed and Hussein Ibn Saeed Hamad Ahwazi, Ali ibn Mahziar Ahvazi, and Hazini Ahvaz More

Ahvaz region has had its period of scientific flourishing in the second and third centuries AH and recorded as the Central of Hadis competence.Muhaddiths like Faddala b. Ayyub, Hassan Ibn Saeed and Hussein Ibn Saeed Hamad Ahwazi, Ali ibn Mahziar Ahvazi, and Hazini Ahvazi are among the scholars who, apart from their roles as representatives of a'imma, had effective bearings in significant Shi'i scientific schools ( Hawza'Ilmiyya), and some of them such as Hammad brothers Ahvazi had defining roles in revolution in holism of Shii Fiqh by compiling thirty-way Fiqhi books about topics from purification to blood money. As long as, their holism on Hadis was determined as criteria for other Shii Muhaddith and Mujtahids.This hadith center has been neglected in Shiite history books. This paper aims to examine Hawza Ilmiyya ( Scientific religious school) in Ahvaz as a Shii Hadis center And express its role in Holism of Jafari Jurisprudence. Manuscript profile

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39 - Studying Mohtasham Kashani’s Āshūrá-Content Tarkib-Band, Inspired by Ancestors
hamidreza jadidi

The most famous Farsi ritual elegy is Mohtasham Kashani’s Āshūrá-content tarkib-band, which was continuously considered. The cultural and lingual effect of this elegy is more than just a poem; it was modeled and admired by experts. Mohtasham, sincerely, was More

The most famous Farsi ritual elegy is Mohtasham Kashani’s Āshūrá-content tarkib-band, which was continuously considered. The cultural and lingual effect of this elegy is more than just a poem; it was modeled and admired by experts. Mohtasham, sincerely, was inspired by poets before him; created an eternal piece. This article represented the goods of this poem and experts’ thoughts around it by analytical-descriptive method, and showed his influence by Khaghani Shervani, Ravandi, Hasan Kashi, Khajooi-e-Kermani, Azari-e-Toosi, Ibn Hesame Khosfi and others. In this tarkib-band the poet endeavoured properly and simply to add a combination of other poets’ goods to his poet, not mentioning God’s favour, Infallibles’ help, and encouragement of Safavid King. Studying its structure, no great piece, especially in literature field, can be created without gaining benefits of others’ remarkable pieces; and every type of literature has reached its peak in its stylistic life, it is set as a model for others, but its first acceptance is rarely repeated. Manuscript profile

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40 - Review of Literary Aspects of Fotooh-ol-Salatin (Shahnameh Dakan)
. Abolghasem Radfar

  Ala-e-ddin Hasan Bahmani, the founder of Bahmanian dynasty in Dakan, commanded Persian-speaking people to settle in south of India. After that some mystics, poets, scholars, artists, and merchants emigrated from Iran, Dehli and other Indian cities to south of I More

  Ala-e-ddin Hasan Bahmani, the founder of Bahmanian dynasty in Dakan, commanded Persian-speaking people to settle in south of India. After that some mystics, poets, scholars, artists, and merchants emigrated from Iran, Dehli and other Indian cities to south of India. One of the distinguished immigrants was Aboulmalek Asami, poet and author of Fotooh-ol-Salatin (Shahnameh Dakan). In this article, literary aspects of this book will be studied.     Manuscript profile

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41 - Political sociology of political developments of the Qajar government from the point of view of Vilfredo Pareto's elite circulation theory
Ghasem Gol hoseini Manije Kazemi SHAHRZAD sasanpour Davood Ebrahimpoor

The main goal of the present study was to analyze political sociological developments of the Qajar government from the point of view of Vilfredo Pareto's elite circulation theory. In this article, the following research questions are investigated: How can the political More

The main goal of the present study was to analyze political sociological developments of the Qajar government from the point of view of Vilfredo Pareto's elite circulation theory. In this article, the following research questions are investigated: How can the political developments of the Qajar dynasty be analyzed from the point of view of Vilfredo Pareto's elite circulation theory? What was the role of the elites in creating the changes of the Qajar period? The research method was practical in terms of purpose, and in terms of data collection, it was qualitative in a documentary and library style, and aslo data collection tools were slips and note-taking. Pareto introduces the circulation of elites in the history of societies as a necessary and natural factor in the direction of progress. The political sociological analysis of the political developments of the Qajar regime showed that, lack of circulation of elites in the society of the Qajar era caused the imbalance of the political system and the inappropriate response to political and social developments, in addition to proving the inefficiency of the official elites, it stopped entering new elites in the political domain. With the fall of the tsarist government in Russia, the Qajar government, which relied on the political structure of tribal kings, suffered social disintegration. Manuscript profile

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