-carotene

Open Access Article

1 - Comparison of Serumic Concentration of Vitamin A and Beta-Carotene in the Serum Positive Against Peste des Petits Ruminant and Healthy Dams
, A. Ganjkhanloo , A. Hassanpour , Sh Agajani

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an economically important viral disease between sheep and goats that is endemic in Iran. This study was performed to Comparison of Serumic Concentration of Vitamin A and Beta-Carotene in the Serum Positive Against Peste des Petits Rum More

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an economically important viral disease between sheep and goats that is endemic in Iran. This study was performed to Comparison of Serumic Concentration of Vitamin A and Beta-Carotene in the Serum Positive Against Peste des Petits Ruminant and Healthy Dams in sheep and goats in healthy animals in Khodabandeh area in summer of 2018.During this study, 200 samples were collected from Jugular veins of sheep (150) and goats (50) which were not vaccinated against PPR disease and after serum isolation the samples were analyzed using competitive ELISA kit (ID.vet French). Seroprevalence of PPR in sheepwas 108 cases (72%) and in goats was 36 cases (72%). Seropositive animals were placed in the sick group (144 animals) and Seronegative animals were placed in the healthy group (56 animals). Then Serum levels of Vitamin A and Beta-Carotene measured in all serum samples by hexane method. The mean and standard deviation of vitamin A and Beta-Carotene in serum was 27/6 ± 4/1 mg/dl and 19/5 ± 3/2 mg/dl in diseased group and 58/9 ± 3/2 mg/dl and 19/8 ± 2/1 mg/dl in healthy group, Respectively. Serum level of vitamin A was significantly different between healthy and diseased animals (p<0.05), but Beta-Carotene serum level was not significantly different. The final result is that given the low levels of vitamin A in animals infected with the disease, in areas where the disease is contagious, it can be administered injectable form to provide this vitamin and strengthen the immune system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Growth Pattern and β-Carotene Production of Dunaliella salina Cells in Different Salinities
S.A. Hashemi F. Pajoum Shariati H. Delavari Amrei A. Heydarinasab

Introduction: Dunaliella salina is a green unicellular eukaryote microalga which has no cell wall in its cell structure. In the normal condition of growth it has green color but under stress situation such as high salinity, high light intensity and nutrient deficiency. More

Introduction: Dunaliella salina is a green unicellular eukaryote microalga which has no cell wall in its cell structure. In the normal condition of growth it has green color but under stress situation such as high salinity, high light intensity and nutrient deficiency. it turns to yellow. In this state, the cells produce a high amount of the second metabolite such as beta-carotene, glycerol, etc. to maintain their viability. These second metabolites have a high economic value with many applications in the food industry (natural colorant), pharmaceutical industry (pro-vitamin A) and use as additives to food and feed. Nowadays with the significant increase in the world population, it seems necessary to exploit the new alternative sources for energy and food requirement. Microalgae with their unique specifications could be an excellent choice. Materials and Methods: In this study, the optimum NaCl concentration for the growth of Dunaliella salina which was purified from Urmia Lake was investigated. Dunaliella salina cells were cultivated under 10000 lx white light intensity within modified Johnson medium. Furthermore, the amount of beta-carotene accumulated within microalgae cells due to 11 steps of 0.5 M salt stresses was measured. Results: The optimum salt concentration related to the maximum biomass production was recorded in 1 M salinity. The highest amount of beta-carotene was 36.64 µg per ml of cell culture medium in 3.5 M salt concentration. Although beta-carotene content has a descending procedure by salt addition, these amounts were considerable till 6.5 M salinity of the culture medium. Conclusion: The culture condition can approach to the natural condition by application of salt in jection in small concentration.  In this condition, a significant amount of beta-carotene can be accumulated within the Dunaliella salina cells.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Combined Encapsulation of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Beta-Carotene Using Casein-Carrageenan and Estimation of their Durability during Storage and in Simulated Gastric Acid Situation
A. Poursefollah D. Zare M. Mirzaei

Introduction: Bifidobacterium bifidum is a beneficial probiotic usually utilized as supplement in food and food products. Beta-carotene is also a food supplement with antioxidant activity. These compounds are usually susceptible and have short durability, therefore, mic More

Introduction: Bifidobacterium bifidum is a beneficial probiotic usually utilized as supplement in food and food products. Beta-carotene is also a food supplement with antioxidant activity. These compounds are usually susceptible and have short durability, therefore, microencapsulation improves the sustainability. In the present study, the effect of encapsulation using “freeze drying” method was investigated on survivability of Bifidobacterium bifidum and stability of beta-carotene. Materials and Methods: Emulsified beta-carotene in a solution of sodium caseinate and carrageenan were prepared and mixed with a dense suspension of Bifidobacterium bifidum. The solutions were then dehydrated with a freeze dryer device. The viability of bacterium and durability of beta-carotene in encapsulated samples were compared with non-encapsulated samples at the day zero and during storage at 4 and 25 °C for one month and also in simulated gastric acid situation. Results: The results showed that encapsulation could increase the viability of encapsulated Bifidobacterium bifidum and durability of beta-carotene. The presence of beta-carotene in encapsulated samples significantly (P˂0.05) increased the survivability of encapsulated bacterium during storage. Microencapsulation had also a significant positive impact (P˂ 0.05) on the survivability of bacterium in simulated gastric conditions. Conclusion: Microencapsulation of bifidobacterium bifidum and beta-carotene using casein and carrageenan could improve the survivability of bacterium and stability of beta-carotene during storage and in simulated gastric acid situation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Investigating the Changes in β-Carotene concentrations of Carrot and Sweet Corn Using Different Methods of Heat Treatments
M. Yahyaei A. Ghavami M. Gharachorloo K. Larijani S. Z. Mazhari

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Open Access Article

5 - Development of Traditional Date Cookie Formulation Using Pumpkin Puree
S. Kia S. H. Hosseini Ghaboos

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Open Access Article

6 - Comparison of serum beta-carotene and vitamin A levels in sheep of Khalkhal region in open and closed breeding system
esmaiil Amani Firoozabad Ali Hassanpour amir ganj khanloo Abdollah Dolatabadi

10.30495/jvcp.2020.515131.1261

Retinol or vitamin A is an essential fat-soluble vitamin. Because of the particular role of vitamin A in different tissues and organs, various clinical signs are seen during its deficiency. In addition, in cases of marginal deficiency without clinical signs performance More

Retinol or vitamin A is an essential fat-soluble vitamin. Because of the particular role of vitamin A in different tissues and organs, various clinical signs are seen during its deficiency. In addition, in cases of marginal deficiency without clinical signs performance defects, such as infertility are seen. This study was conducted to determine the serumic amounts of beta-carotene and vitamin A of sheep in Khalkhal city. During the summer of 2018; 200 blood samples (100 males and 100 females) were collected from jugular veins of sheep. Spectrophotometry was used for determination of vitamin A and β-carotene levels. The mean±SEM concentration of β-carotene and vitamin A of serum in the open breeding system were 19/5±9/3 (µg/dl) and 57/6±13/1 (µg/dl) respectively, and also in the closed breeding system these values were 19/2±9/6 (µg/dl) and 26/9±7/9 (µg/dl) respectively. The difference between vitamin A in the two groups was significant (p < /em>=0.000), but beta-carotene was not. There was no significant difference in levels of vitamin A and beta-carotene of serum in the four age groups and between the two sexes. In conclusion, the role of age, sex and nutrition in the serumic amounts of these compounds is significantly varied and laboratory results should be interpreted more cautiously. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Determination of beta-carotene and vitamin A contents of serum and liver of sheep slaughtered in Ahvaz abattoir during different seasons of the year
نگار Hedayat علیرضا Ghadrdan Mashhadi علی Shahriari مهدی Zarei

Because of the particular role of vitamin A in different tissues and organs, various clinical signs are seen in its deficiency. Additionally, marginal deficiency of vitamin A without the presence of clinical signs leads to performance defects such as infertility. In thi More

Because of the particular role of vitamin A in different tissues and organs, various clinical signs are seen in its deficiency. Additionally, marginal deficiency of vitamin A without the presence of clinical signs leads to performance defects such as infertility. In this study, the seasonal changes of β-carotene and vitamin A of serum and liver of slaughtered sheep in Ahvaz abattoir were investigated. A total of 360 sheep were sampled from October 2013 to June 2014. Spectrophotometry was used for measuring values. The results were analyzed statistically with student t-test. The mean ±SE concentration of β-carotene and vitamin A of serum and liver were 209/9±1/5, 98±0/9 (µg/dl), 19/8±0/4, 32/3±0/8(µg/g), respectively. Although there wasn't significant difference in levels of the measured parameters in two age groups(sheep only with immature teeth and sheep with a minimum mature tooth) but there was a significant difference in vitamin A of serum and liver in the two sexes. The serumic levels of vitamin A in male sheep was more than the females while the concentration of vitamin A in the liver of female sheep was more than the males. The difference between seasons in vitamin A of serum was also statistically different with higher concentrations observed in warm seasons in comparison to milder seasons. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Determination of drought tolerance clones in Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) by investigating the activity of antioxidant enzymes
Mehdi Rahimi Mojtaba Kordrostami Mojtaba Mortezavi Sanam Safaei-Chaeikar

In order to investigate the activity of antioxidant enzymes of 14 tea clones under normal and drought stress conditions, two separate experiments were carried out in a randomized complete block design with two replications in 2017 at Fashalem Tea Research Station in Ras More

In order to investigate the activity of antioxidant enzymes of 14 tea clones under normal and drought stress conditions, two separate experiments were carried out in a randomized complete block design with two replications in 2017 at Fashalem Tea Research Station in Rasht. Irrigation in both designs was carried out routinely until July 22 followed by a drought stress treatment for one plot until August 22 when tea leaves were harvested. Tea leaves from each plot of the both experiments were then removed and transferred to a freezer at -80 °C. The activity of the antioxidant such as ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, phenylalanine ammoniaase, lipid peroxidase, malondialdehyde, β-carotene, and lycopene were measured. The results showed that drought stress increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Based on the results obtained from the mean comparisons, clones 100, 399 and Bazri, had the highest activity for ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, phenylalanine ammoniaase, and lipid peroxidase under drought stress conditions. On the other hand, these clones had the lowest contents of malondialdehyde. Clones 278 and 276 on the other hand, had the least values of antioxidant enzymes under drought stress conditions (except malondialdehyde) and were considered as sensitive clones. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Optimization of beta-carotene production of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa isolated from the waste leather factory
Sheida Beiranvand Mohaddeseh Larypoor Jamileh Norozi

Background & Objectives: Yeasts have a special value for human in biotechnology because of the production of pigments. Rhodotorula species produce high amounts of beta-carotene. The aim of this study was to maximize the production of beta-carotene at least prices fr More

Background & Objectives: Yeasts have a special value for human in biotechnology because of the production of pigments. Rhodotorula species produce high amounts of beta-carotene. The aim of this study was to maximize the production of beta-carotene at least prices from native yeast species.   Materials & Methods: The four isolation evaluated were isolated from specific environments during three stages of sampling from the waste leather factory.  Subsequently, two isolates of Aa1 and Aa4 were identified using the biochemical test and PCR technique. The production of beta-carotene was determined by the identified isolates and a standard strain in different conditions of salt, nitrogen source, carbon source, aeration, temperature, and pH. Optical absorption of the pigment was read through spectrophotometer at 470 nm.   Results: Among the four isolates, only the isolate Aa1 is capable to produce carton-free pigment. The genetic identification of the two isolates Aa1 and Aa4 confirmed 98% similarity to those of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Debaryomyces hanseni, respectively. The results showed that the maximum production of beta-carotene was obtained after optimization of 75.6 μg/ml for Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and 32.7 μg/ml for Rhodotorula glutinis (standard strain).   Conclusion: The isolation of native species and the optimization of its functional activities in the laboratory is not only useful in the production of high-quality industrial products, but also the use of the native species is highly economical. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - The effect of irrigation- cut off on chlorophyll content and yield of cotton genotypes (Gossypiumhirsutum L.)
vahid ghodrat Reza Hamidi Omid Alizadeh Forood Bazrafshan Shahram Sharafzadeh

In order to evaluate the effect of cut-irrigation on chlorophyll content and yield of different genotypes of cotton, a field experiment were performed in Haji Abad (28°36'N, 54°41'E) during 2014-2015 growing season. The experiment was conducted in split plot des More

In order to evaluate the effect of cut-irrigation on chlorophyll content and yield of different genotypes of cotton, a field experiment were performed in Haji Abad (28°36'N, 54°41'E) during 2014-2015 growing season. The experiment was conducted in split plot design with three replications. The main plot was drought levels (Full irrigation (every 10 days) and irrigation-cut for two periods (30 days)) and the sub-plot was different cotton genotypes (Super Elit Arian, Super ElitGolestan, Kiza, SB-35, Opal, Super ElitBakhtegan, T-2, Dr-Omoomi, Khandagh, Superokra, Termez-14, T-3, Sahel, Sepid, Silend, Armaghan, Pak, Oltan(. Irrigation cutting reduced the chlorophyll content of different cotton genotypes. The highest and lowest β-carotene, Xanthophyl, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll were obtained for Termez-14 and Dr-Omoomi genotypes, respectively. Under irrigation cutoff some genotypes had higher levels of chlorophyll content and yield such as, Khandagh, Pak, Opal, Armaghan, Sahel and Oltan which shows that these genotypes can better tolerate drought stress condition. Manuscript profile

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