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Open Access Article
1 - اثر انواع مختلف خوراک‌های اکسترود تجاری بر برخی شاخص‌های رشد و کیفیت لاشه ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss) انگشت قد در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری
اسماعیل پیرعلی خیرآبادی* سید پژمان حسینی شکرابی -
Open Access Article
2 - Local Communities Attitudes towards the Construction of the Beheshtabad Reservoir Dam in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province
Esmail Karamidehkord Ladan Naderi Soleiman BahmaniConstructing reservoir dams for water storage and inter-basin water transfer is one of the main policies of recent decades in Iran for providing water that can have numerous positive or negative impacts on dam-affected local communities living in origin basin or people MoreConstructing reservoir dams for water storage and inter-basin water transfer is one of the main policies of recent decades in Iran for providing water that can have numerous positive or negative impacts on dam-affected local communities living in origin basin or people living in the receiving watersheds. This research aimed to investigate local communities' attitude towards the construction of the Beheshtabad reservoir dam in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province using a survey methodology. A sample of 200 out of 3514 households of the origin basin who may be affected if the dam is constructed was randomly selected. The data were collected using the structured interview technique and a questionnaire confirmed in terms of validity and reliability measures. Local communities tended to have negative attitude towards constructing the dam, particularly that it would cause the destruction of the basin's environment and nature and escalating rural-urban migration and socio-cultural abnormalities of local communities. Regression analysis showed that the attitude is explained by dependency on natural resources, having agricultural occupation, land area, the number of days working as nonagricultural laborer, access to external services and facilities and income from handcraft production. The households with higher dependency on natural resources and with occupations depended on the area, particularly agriculture and sales occupation, had higher negative attitudes, while the households who worked outside the origin basin, specially nonagricultural workers, and the households with higher access to external services and facilities and resources less affected by the dam had less negative attitudes towards the dam construction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Estimating the Outdoor Recreation Carrying Capacity in Berenjegan Forest, Chaharmahal-o-Bakhtiary Province
Maryam Eskandari Shahraki Kyumars Mohammadi Sammani Beytollah Mahmoudi Ayoub Moradi Background and Objective: Tourism is a process with different forms for providing human recreation needs. The increasing critical pressure on urban and near urban regions can be the reason for this statement. In such condition, providing a master schedule at the More Background and Objective: Tourism is a process with different forms for providing human recreation needs. The increasing critical pressure on urban and near urban regions can be the reason for this statement. In such condition, providing a master schedule at the national scale for each special regional condition is vital. Thus, natural resources conservation to ensure the sustainable development and to provide optimal quality for tourism services would be possible by paying attention to the carrying capacity. The aim of this study was to determine the carrying capacity of Berenjegan forest region in Chaharmahal-o-Bakhtiari province. Method: The instructions provided by the International Union for conservation of nature have been used to determine the carrying capacity of the study area. The appropriate sites with the capacity of concentrated tourist attraction were pidentified to determine the physical carrying capacity. Then real carrying capacity in the concentrated recreation site was specified by determining the restricted factors in the region, as well as considering the related effect on the physical carrying capacity. Finding: Results of this study showed that the area of suitable site for tourists reception in Berenjegan forest region was 6.1 ha from 480 ha. Real value of the physical carrying capacity was calculated. The physical carrying capacity was 10457 individuals per day, 3816856 per year, while the real carrying capacity was 911individuals per day and 112053 per year. Discussion and Conclusion: Real carrying capacity was less than the physical carrying capacity so that the number of limiting factors in the region could affect the real carrying capacity directly and it was decreased with the increase of limiting factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - آلودگی میکروبی لاشه گوسفند در فصول مختلف سال در کشتارگاه های سنتی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری
مرتضی کرمی یاسر رحیمیان -
Open Access Article
5 - بررسی انگل های ماهیان تالاب سولقان استان چهارمحال و بختیاری
مهدی رئیسی فیروز فدائی فرد مهسا انصاری هادی تاجی زادگان سید رضا حسینی -
Open Access Article
6 - بررسی سرواپیدمیولوژیکی ویروس بلوتانگ در بزهای استان چهار محال وبختیاری
وحید نعمان هدی ارزانی -
Open Access Article
7 - بررسی آلودگی ماهیان تالاب چغاخور استان چهار محال و بختیاری با انگل Lernaea cyprinacea (Linnaeus 1758)
مهدی رئیسی مهسا انصاری سعید یوسف پور فیروز فدائی فرد مهران مهدی پور -
Open Access Article
8 - بررسی شاخص های خونی ماهی قزل آلای رنگین کمان در برخی مزارع پرورشی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری
فیروز فدایی فرد غلامعلی طالبی مهدی رئیسی -
Open Access Article
9 - Genetic classification of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from raw chicken meat based on Spa gene
Hassan Momtaz Parisa HeydariObjectives: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causes of food poisoning in humans. Various methods including genotyping based on protein A (Spa typing) and PCR-based methods have been used for genetic classification of this bacterium. In the present study, MoreObjectives: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causes of food poisoning in humans. Various methods including genotyping based on protein A (Spa typing) and PCR-based methods have been used for genetic classification of this bacterium. In the present study, Spa gene tracking was used for genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus isolates.Methods: 100 samples of raw chicken meat were collected from chicken meat supply centers in the market of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. Samples were tested for Staphylococcus aureus bacteria by microbial culture and molecular methods and the presence of Spa gene in strains detected by PCR and enzymatic digestion.Results: Out of the total of 23 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus studied, 6 isolates lacked the Spa gene. In the rest of the isolates, a fragment with a size of about 1100 to 1500 bp was detected, and based on the detected gene fragment, 17 isolates containing the Spa gene were divided into four genotypes I to IV; So that 9 isolates were in SpaI genotype, 3 isolates in SpaII genotype, 3 isolates in SpaIII genotype and 2 isolates in SpaIV genotype.Conclusion: The presence of high genomic diversity in these isolates indicates cross-contamination of contamination and therefore can be prevented from the presence and growth of this bacterium in food by implementing quality control and food safety standards during the production process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Engineering Entrepreneurial Agency Compared to Learning Organization for Sport Expansion from the View of Executives of Sport and Youth Administrations in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiyari Province
Mahmood Hematiyan Dehkordi Ali Hematiyan DehkordiThe purpose of the present research is to study commonality and differences between two theories of entrepreneurial agency and learning organization from the view of executives in sport and youth administrations in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiyari province and also review the MoreThe purpose of the present research is to study commonality and differences between two theories of entrepreneurial agency and learning organization from the view of executives in sport and youth administrations in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiyari province and also review the impact of main constructs in the first theory on the completion of the second one. The research statistical population consisted of all executives and deputies in sport and youth administrations in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiyari province. Due to limited statistical population, the sample of study was considered to be equal to the whole population including 50 members. The results showed that constructs of the second practical model and double-loop learning have a significant role on recognition and usage of opportunities. Therefore, they complete the theory of entrepreneurial agency and expand sport activities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Forecasts of climate change effects on Amygdalus scoparia potential distribution by using ensemble modeling in Central Zagros
Maryam Haidarian Aghakhani Reza Tamartash Zeinab Jafarian Mostafa Tarkesh Esfahani Mohammad Reza TatianPredicting the potential distribution of plants in response to climate change is essential for their conservation and management. Amygdalus scoparia is a wild almond species native to Iran Therefore, this study aimed at predicting the effect of climate change on the geo MorePredicting the potential distribution of plants in response to climate change is essential for their conservation and management. Amygdalus scoparia is a wild almond species native to Iran Therefore, this study aimed at predicting the effect of climate change on the geographical distribution of A. scoparia in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province in the central Zagros region. In this regard, we used 5 modeling approaches, Generalized Linear Model (GLM), Classification Tree Analysis (CTA), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Generalized Boosting Method (GBM) and Random Forest (RF) to determine relationships between the occurrence of species and environmental factors under the ensemble framework by using Biomod and R software. The results showed that AUC values greater than 0.9 and functioning of all models been excellent. The mean temperature of the driest quarter and Annual precipitation had the most important role for habitat suitability of this species and (85%) changes in A. scoparia distribution was justified. The results of the model showed that 9%, (148680 ha) of in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province for the A. scoparia have had high habitat suitability. Area of suitable habitat was calculated by ArcGIS software on current and future climate conditions. Under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate scenario A. scoparia might lose (Respectively 43% and 59%) of its climatically suitable habitats due to climate change factors, by 2050, while in a number of areas (135% and 140%), the current unsuitable habitats may be converted to suitable. The results of this study can be used in planning, conservation and rehabilitation of A. scoparia. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Predicting the effects of the climate change on the geographical distribution of Astragalus verus Olivier in the Central Zagros region
Sima Teimoori Asl Ali Asghar Naghipour Mohammad Reza Ashrafzadeh Maryam Haidarian Aga KhaniBackground and ObjectiveClimate, soil characteristics, topography, land use, and biological relationships at various scales are the most important influencing factors on distribution and ecological niches of species. The climate is one of the most important determinants MoreBackground and ObjectiveClimate, soil characteristics, topography, land use, and biological relationships at various scales are the most important influencing factors on distribution and ecological niches of species. The climate is one of the most important determinants of plant distribution. Therefore throughout the past ecological history, climate change has had profound consequences on the current conditions of the world's ecosystems, including the existing distribution of species. Changes in the distribution of one species in a given geographical area due to the climate change can lead to shifting the presence regions of that species toward higher elevation that leads up to vegetative restriction or even extinction of the species. Shifting, or changing the geographical distribution of species is a strategy to be resistant to the climate change. Therefore, in order to protect the key ecological and valuable plant species, it is necessary to determine suitable habitats via identifying the most important environmental and human factors affecting the species presence in the current and future conditions. Astragalus L. (Fabaceae) is a genus widely distributed throughout the temperate regions. The Astragalus verus Olivier is a small, valuable shrub with many branches. In addition to its protective role from the point of view of the soil, this species has medicinal and industrial values. In recent decades, the geographical range of the A. verus variety has been significantly declined due to factors such as land degradation and over utilization. Despite the national importance of the Astragalus genus, so far little research has been done on the consequences of the climate change on the distribution of species of this genus. The present study was conducted to accomplish the following objectives; 1) To identify suitable habitats and determin the geographical distribution of A. verus in Central Zagros in the current situation; 2) to predict of the consequences of climate change by 2050 and 2070 under different scenarios on geographical distribution of A. verus; 3) to determin the most important factors affecting the distribution of this species. distribution of A. verus; 3) to determin the most important factors affecting the distribution of this species. Materials and Methods This study was carried out in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province in an area about 1.65 million hectare thai is totally located in Central Zagros region. Extensive field studies were integrated to collect geographical coordinates of the presence point (112 points) of this species by using Global Positioning System (GPS) throughout Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. Bioclimatic (bio1–bio19), Physiographic variables (elevation, aspect, and slope) and land cover/land variables were used for modeling. Before modeling, two methods of Pearson correlation analysis and Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) were used to check out the correlation between the various environmental variables. In order to model, 19 environmental variables including bioclimatic variables, physiography and land cover / land use were applied to model the distribution based on correlation analysis. Variables with Pearson’s correlation coefficient, r2<±0.8, VIF<3) were selected. Finally and after the omission of the layers having high correlation, nine variables were used for modeling. In order to predict the distribution of the suitable habitats of the Astragalus verus Olivier, Biomad2 software package in R environment (3.1.2 version) was used. In this study, ensemble methods including Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Generalized Boosting Method (GBM), the Generalized Linear Model (GLM), Flexible Discriminant Analysis (FDA), Random Forest (RF) and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) were used to estimate the suitable habitats. We used 80% of the occurrence points as training data for model calibration and 20% of the rest of the data set to evaluate the predition of the models. Prediction of the geographical distribution of the Astragalus verus Olivier in the future (years 2050 and 2070) was made based on four scenarios of the increase in the greenhouse gases (Representative Concentration Pathways; RCPs) RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6, RCP8.5 in general circulation model MRI-CGCM3. Model performance was assessed by using the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) and the true skill statistic (TSS). Results and Discussion Our results revealed that the most effective variables in desirability of the study species habitat were the isothermality, mean temperature of the wettest season of the year and seasonal precipitation variables respectively. In keeping with the findings, the Astragalus verus Olivier mostly exists in habitats with Isothermality (bio3) from + 36.8 to + 39.7 °C, Mean Temperature of the Wettest season of the year (bio8) from - 2 to + 3.5 °C, and seasonal precipitation variables (bio15) from 100 to 112 mm and the Annual Precipitation of 280 mm to 490 mm. Based on the results of modeling of current conditions, in comparison to the other regions, northeast and east of the province had the most habitat importance for the Astragalus verus Olivier. Our findings show that about 27.43% of the study area was identified as suitable habitats for the Astragalus verus Olivier. Prediction of the geographical distribution of the Astragalus verus Olivier in the future (years 2050 and 2070) was made based on four scenarios of the increase in the greenhouse gases (Representative Concentration Pathways; RCPs) RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6, RCP8.5 in general circulation model MRI-CGCM3. Based on the future projections were made for the year 2050 and 2070 with four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) scenario (2.6, 4.5, 6 and 8.5) and general circulation model MRI-CGCM3. In keeping with our findings, climate change can have significant consequences for the Astragalus verus Olivier suitable habitats in the study area. Based on various senarios, about 45.70 percent (year 2050, RCP2.6) to 89.88 percent (year 2070, RCP8.5) of the current habitats for the Astragalus verus Olivier will be unsuitable due to the climate change by 2050 and 2070. While in the same period of time, about 1.58 (RCP8.5, 2050) to 13.19 percent (RCP2.6, 2070) may be added to the suitable habitats of this species in areas with higher elevation. According to all scenarios, the suitable habitats of this species will decrease in all habitats, especially in areas with lower elevation. The climate change consequences especially the probability of decling and shifting the geographical range of the plant species in various habitats of Iran especially in the central Zagros and also in Central Iran range are predicted. Assessments showed that the models had acceptable accuracy and Random Forest model was determined as the most reliable model to predict the distribution of this species. Conclusion Generally, this study indicated that ensemble model might predict the potential distribution of the Astragalus verus Olivier with a relatively high accuracy (AUC= 0.92 and TSS= 0.79). The scenarios used in this study predict the probability of the shift of the geographical range of the studied species under climate change scenarios of 2050 and 2070. According to the results, it seems that the suitable habitat extent of the Astragalus verus Olivier in the study area has been decreased and will shit toward the higher elevation. Although land degradation and over utilization may be considered as two important factors in habitat degradation of this species but this study highlights the importance the effects of climate change on the distribution of the Astragalus verus Olivier. As a result of the severe and inappropriate harvest of the Astragalus verus Olivier, the range of its distribution and density has decreased in some areas, which has increased the intensity of phenomena such as soil erosion. This issue requires a double attention of the managers and experts of natural resources to the Astragalus verus Olivier and the other species with similar performance in ecosystems having importance from the view point of economic productivity as well as their ability to conserve the soil. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - ارزیابی توان های اقلیمی در توسعه اکوتوریسم استان چهارمحال و بختیاری
سیمین ارمغان -
Open Access Article
14 - ارزیابی روشهای تحلیل بارش‌های کوتاه‌مدت (مطالعه موردی: ایستگاه سینوپتیک شهرکرد)
حسین صمدی بروجنی کیومرث عماد روح الله فتاحی برآورد حداکثر دبی جریان‌های سطحی ناشی از رواناب برای حوزه‌های آبریز فاقد داده‌های طولانی مدت هیدرومتری، مبتنی بر مدل‌های بارش- رواناب است. داده‌های بارش‌های کوتاه مدت از مهمترین اطلاعات مورد نیاز در استفاده از این قبیل مدل‌هاست. در بسیاری از نقاط دنیا More برآورد حداکثر دبی جریان‌های سطحی ناشی از رواناب برای حوزه‌های آبریز فاقد داده‌های طولانی مدت هیدرومتری، مبتنی بر مدل‌های بارش- رواناب است. داده‌های بارش‌های کوتاه مدت از مهمترین اطلاعات مورد نیاز در استفاده از این قبیل مدل‌هاست. در بسیاری از نقاط دنیا و از جمله ایران داده‌های کیفی و کمی ثبت شده مناسبی از بارش‌های کوتاه مدت در اختیار نیست. روشهای متعددی جهت برآورد بارش‌های کوتاه مدت بر اساس سایر داده‌های باران سنجی از قبیل بارش‌های روزانه و ماهیانه پیشنهاد شده است. در این تحقیق با استفاده از رگبارهای ثبت شده در ایستگاه سینوپتیک شهرکرد، واقع در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، روابط منطقه ای برآورد بارش‌های کوتاه مدت و روش نسبت بارش‌های کوتاه مدت به حداکثر بارش 24 ساعته مورد مقایسه قرار گرفته است. نتایج نشان داد نسبت‌های استخراج شده از منحنی­هایSCS و روابط منطقه­ای موجب برآورد دست بالا می­گردند. با توجه به سادگی استفاده از روش نسبت‌ها، می­توان پس از استخراج نسبت‌های پیشنهادی SCS برای منطقه مورد نظر، از این روش به عنوان روشی قابل قبول استفاده نمود. همچنین نتایج نشان داد با اعمال ضریب اصلاحی 7136/0 در روابط قهرمان آبخضر، مقادیر "شدت- مدت- فراوانی" رگبارها را برای منطقه شهرکرد با خطای مطلق 4 درصد بدست آورد. در نهایت یک رابطه لگاریتمی با ضریب تعیین 98/0 برای تهیه منحنی­های "شدت-مدت- فراوانی" ایستگاه شهرکرد ارائه شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Providing a Framework to Assess and Prioritize Risks in Outsourcing Projects in Bakhtiari Province Gas Company
Sohaila Ghasemi Pirbaluti Seyed Akbar Nilipour Tabatabaie Bijan KhayatbashiDue to the growing trend of use of the outsourcing approach in organizations, Gas Company of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, keep pace with developments in the outsourcing of Iran, implementing the most of their capital projects as the treaty. But according to the t MoreDue to the growing trend of use of the outsourcing approach in organizations, Gas Company of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, keep pace with developments in the outsourcing of Iran, implementing the most of their capital projects as the treaty. But according to the tenure of parts of operation service is still undertaking company and planning for outsourcing during the coming years in the agenda is located, in order to correctly use of outsourcing approach and improvement of Performance Company’s project, correct evaluation of risks before the outsourcing seems necessary in this organization. The purpose of this study provided a useful framework for identifying risks in the company's outsourcing projects and prioritizing them uses FMEA technique. Therefore, investigating the studies conducted, major risks and their effective factors were identified and classified considering the parameters of quality, cost and delivery time. Then, using of FMEA technique and based on the priority level of acquired risk severity, occurrence and detection, attempting to quantify and prioritize identified factors and providing corrective actions to control and reduce the risks. In this study, using a questionnaire survey and interviews with seven of the top executives of companies that are directly related to the issue is performed. Based on acquiring results, structural defects, functional defects, and delay in outsourcing project's implementation are more significant and currency exchange fluctuations factors, uncertainty of changing technology and customer requirements, lack of experience, expertise and knowledge in the field of outsourcing and lack of required skills for performance projects in high level and requires greater managerial control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Analyzing peoples' role in Islamic Revolution of Iran in Chahrmahal and Bakhtiari province
mashaallah izadz Feizollah Boushasb Gousheh alireza abtahiThe main aim in the present article is studying the engagement role of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari revolutionary centers in forming of people's combats by focusing on the religious leaders' role in the success of Islamic Revolution of Iran. It is a historical research whi MoreThe main aim in the present article is studying the engagement role of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari revolutionary centers in forming of people's combats by focusing on the religious leaders' role in the success of Islamic Revolution of Iran. It is a historical research which uses library and field method in collecting relevant data. The current study introduces revolutionary centers and forums of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari in the combat years while explains the ways of forming peoples' movements and the function of fighting peoples by emphasizing religious leaders' role as the provice pioneers in revolutionary movements. The results indicates that the most important revolutionary centers in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari have been mosques, schools, universities, religious groups and house-held parties and meetings which acted to promote revolutionary ideas. Active revolutionary peoples such as religious leaders, teachers, sellers and women in these centers embarked upon promoting religious ideas and organizing fighters’ activities. They performed an effective roll in fulfillment of Islamic revolution by participating in protests, demonstrations and other combat actions. Religious leaders were the primary cores that promoted revolution values and caused unity among people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
mashallah izadi fizollah boshasb alireza abtahiaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Investigation of the prevalence of Neospora caninum in traditional cheeses produced from the milk of ruminants in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province by molecular method
Danial Abbasi tadi Ebrahim RahimiCheese isamong ther dairy products and is a suitable environment for the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. One of these pathogens, Neospora caninum, causes abortion in cows. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of N. caninum in traditio MoreCheese isamong ther dairy products and is a suitable environment for the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. One of these pathogens, Neospora caninum, causes abortion in cows. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of N. caninum in traditional cheeses produced from ruminant milk using molecular method. In this study, 86 traditional cheese samples consisting 42 cow cheese, 20 sheep cheese, 12 goat cheese, and 12 sheep cheese ripened in brine were randomly collected from dairy herds in Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari provinces. The samples were transferred to the laboratory in sterile conditions next to ice an, and Nested-PCR technique was used on Nc5 gene for molecular analysis. The results showed that 9.3% (8/86) of the samples were contaminated with N. caninum. The highest contamination (12.5%) was found in cow milk cheese samples. No contamination was observed in traditional cheeses produced from goat milk or sheep brined cheese. The comparison of contamination levels in different cheeses showed no significant difference between the groups. Since milk and dairy products have a high place in the human food basket; therefore, the healthiness of these foods is crucial. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Incidence of ascites in broilers affected by respiratory syndrome in Isfahan and Chaharmahal-va-Bakhtiyari provinces
majid gholami ahangaran ezzatollah Gholami-Ahangaran houman kamali For comparison of the incidence rate of ascites in broilers affected by respiratory syndrome in Isfahan (ISF) and Chaharmaha-va-bakhtiari (CMB) provinces, 74 broiler chicken flocks in ISF and 27 broiler chicken flocks in CMB were monitored along growing per More For comparison of the incidence rate of ascites in broilers affected by respiratory syndrome in Isfahan (ISF) and Chaharmaha-va-bakhtiari (CMB) provinces, 74 broiler chicken flocks in ISF and 27 broiler chicken flocks in CMB were monitored along growing period during 2010-2012. Results showed the frequency of ascites incidence in CMB was significantly higher than ISF (p<0.05). The analysis of data showed that there was a significant relationship between respiratory syndrome and ascites syndrome incidence in broiler chickens (p<0.05) but there was no relationship between ascites and location after respiratory syndrome. Furthermore, the percent of ascites incidence after respiratory syndrome in CMB was significantly higher than ISF (p<0.05). It seems that broiler chickens in CMB, due to some risk factors such as high altitude and low temperature, were highly susceptible to ascites after respiratory syndrome in comparison to ISF and it is necessary to apply specific nutritional and hygienic management measures of broiler flocks in this area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Detection of Infectious Bronchitis Virus (4/91 type) in Broiler Chickens in Chahrmahal-va-bakhtiyari Province
مجید Gholami-Ahangaran A.M Shoushtari عباس Doosti E.A Fathi Hafshejani نوشا Zia-JahromiInfectious bronchitis (IB) disease is a viral contagious respiratory disease. The causing agent of this disease has several serotypes. In this study, 4/91 type of Infectious bronchitis (IB) was identified. For this, tracheal samples were taken from 18 broiler chickens f MoreInfectious bronchitis (IB) disease is a viral contagious respiratory disease. The causing agent of this disease has several serotypes. In this study, 4/91 type of Infectious bronchitis (IB) was identified. For this, tracheal samples were taken from 18 broiler chickens flocks having respiratory signs suspected to IB disease with one percent mortality in day. After RNA extraction from tissue samples in one step RT-PCR reaction, a fragment of S1 gene was amplified by common primers for all IB viruses. Then RT-PCR product was amplified for identification of 4/91(793/B) type by type specific primers in Nested-PCR. Results showed, 11 out 18 flocks (61.1%) were infected to IB that 45.45% of IB infected flocks were infected to 4/91 type. Therefore it seems 4/91 type of IB has role in forming and complexing of respiratory signs in broiler chickens suffering to respiratory syndrome in Chahrmahal-va-bakhtiyari province and it is necessary to give a suitable controlling strategy for prevention of 4/91 infection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - An Analysis of Inter-Basin Water Transfer in Isfahan, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Provinces
Hamed Nasrazadani Hojat Mahkouii Amir Gandomkar Alireza AbasiWater is the most precious wealth available to mankind; Especially in the dry areas of the country, which covers a huge area of our country. At the national level, a large share of investments is spent on infrastructure and infrastructure and improving the management of MoreWater is the most precious wealth available to mankind; Especially in the dry areas of the country, which covers a huge area of our country. At the national level, a large share of investments is spent on infrastructure and infrastructure and improving the management of water resources and its transmission. These mentioned factors will show the importance of the water sector and economic and social security at the national level. One of the inter-basin water transfer projects that is being studied and implemented is the transfer of water from Beheshtabad to Zayandehroud. Beheshtabad project is the name used to transfer water from Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari provinces to Isfahan, Yazd and Kerman provinces. The purpose of this article is to analyze the situation of inter-basin water transfer in Isfahan, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari provinces, which has been collected using descriptive-analytical research method and using library resources and internet sites. The results of the findings show that most experts believe that the implementation of this plan has negative consequences on the provinces of origin in particular and on national security in general. Political activism, security challenges (ethnic conflicts), social, economic and environmental tensions resulting from not studying and incorrect feasibility of the plan are among the issues that make the justification of its implementation appear unjustified. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - توان سنجی اکولوژیکی و برنامه ریزی توسعه صنعت گردشگری در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری
رامین غفاری مریم موسی رضایی -
Open Access Article
23 - Analysis of changes Using the method of Mann-Kendall (Case Study of Four townships of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province)
عباس معروف نژاد shahla ghasamiAlong with increasing population of cities, informal employment is considered to be an integral part of the economy of the cities, which is known as a source of subsistence for poor families of the each city. A considerable part of informal labor force consists of stree MoreAlong with increasing population of cities, informal employment is considered to be an integral part of the economy of the cities, which is known as a source of subsistence for poor families of the each city. A considerable part of informal labor force consists of street vendors throughout the world, working in public spaces of the cities. Most of them are women. In this study, women street vendors have been investigated as one of the aspects of informal businesses. It also aims to scrutinize the social-economical characteristics of women working in the informal sector in district two of Rasht, streets and places where they sell their products, and also their geographical origins. The method is survey with descriptive-analytical approach. Data collection tool is questionnaires and interviews. Data analysis findings are as follows: Most of studied woman are either illiterate or unlearned. Most of them live in rural areas of Rasht. Most of them are between 40 and 59. Most of them are the only financial supplier for their households. More than half of studied population sells vegetables and other sorts of perishable substances. Respectively the streets of Sardar-E-Jangal, Motahari, and Shariati are hosting the most women working as street vendors. Most of them are from villages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Regionalization and evaluation of regional development in Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari province by using and compairing the results of multiple attribute decision making models (TOPSIS, ELECTRE, VIKOR)
Zahra Sadat Saeideh Zarabadi Mohammad Reza Shami Seyed Ali Reza HoseyniNowadays, achievement to comprehensive development in settlements is concerns for regional planners and moving toward sustainable development is final goal for them. Since that social justice is basic concepts of sustainable development so in regional planning process, MoreNowadays, achievement to comprehensive development in settlements is concerns for regional planners and moving toward sustainable development is final goal for them. Since that social justice is basic concepts of sustainable development so in regional planning process, identifying of existing situation and getting environmental abilities and potentials of regions is very important. It is so clear that thorough study of economic, social, cultural issues and better understanding of community needs are basic for balanced development in geographical areas. Multiple attribute decision making (MADM) techniques are one of the effective methods for identifying and evaluating many alternatives based on some criteria with different degrees of importance so this is a High performance technique in order to evaluation of regional development and classification. This method include some technique which we have used three of them simultaneously in this article. They are TOPSIS, ELECTRE and VIKOR. By analyzing the quantitative indices in six categories economic, demographic, educational, cultural-religious, health and infrastructure criteria we have determined levels of development among counties in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province. Using three techniques In addition to providing comparative study, we will have a high accuracy in regionalization. We can conclude the counties in this province are suited in various levels of development and those which are adjacent to Isfahan province are more developed. The order of developed counties is: Shahrekord, Lordegan, Borujen, Kiar, farsan, Kouhrang, Ardal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Frequency of Listeria species contamination in raw meat of cattle collected from abattoirs and butcher shops of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiary Province
S. Siavash Saei-DehkordiThe contamination of foodstuffs with different bacteria such as Listeria spp, is important from the viewpoint of public health. Therefore, this study was conducted to check the presence and occurrence of Listeria species in cattle meats from abattoirs and butcher shops MoreThe contamination of foodstuffs with different bacteria such as Listeria spp, is important from the viewpoint of public health. Therefore, this study was conducted to check the presence and occurrence of Listeria species in cattle meats from abattoirs and butcher shops located in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiary province. Two hundred and fifty-five of meat samples were collected. The total prevalence of Listeria spp. was equal to 12.94%. The highest (16.4%) and the lowest (8%) prevalence of Listeria spp. was found in samples from Farrokhshar abattoir and Shahrekord butcher shops, respectively. Among the six species of Listeria, Listeria innocua was the most prevalent (7.4%) species; while Listeria seeligeri and Listeria ivanovii were the least prevalent (0.4%) species. The highest percentage of prevalence (6.7%) of Listeria monocytogenes was detected in meat samples from the Hafshejan butcher shops. In the current study, none of the samples was contaminated by Listeria welshimeri. Of the ten isolates of Listeria monocytogenes, the most prevalent (40%) serotypes were 1/2a and 4b. In addition, the prevalence of serotype 1/2b was 20%. The results indicated that, due to the presence of Listeria contamination, improvement of sanitation principles in abattoirs and butcher shops is a guarantee of public health safety. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - بررسی ابعاد اقتصادی تولید بادام کوهی در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری
محمود بخشی نژاد جمشید پیک فلکمقدمه و هدف: سایر فعالیت­های کشاورزی و حتی جایگزین نمودن کشت محصولات جدیدی مانند گیاهان دارویی به جای محصولات سنتی در استان گیاهان دارویی از این جهت که مواد اولیه لازم را برای تولید صنایع داروسازی فراهم می نماید ،یکی از محصولات اساسی کشور محسوب می شوند، از طرفی نقش Moreمقدمه و هدف: سایر فعالیت­های کشاورزی و حتی جایگزین نمودن کشت محصولات جدیدی مانند گیاهان دارویی به جای محصولات سنتی در استان گیاهان دارویی از این جهت که مواد اولیه لازم را برای تولید صنایع داروسازی فراهم می نماید ،یکی از محصولات اساسی کشور محسوب می شوند، از طرفی نقش روستاهها، در توسعه اقتصادی، نقشی محوری،کلیدی و بی بدیل است، که برای رسیدن به این امر باید فرصتهای افزایش درآمد در روستاهها فراهم شود، و یکی از این فرصتها در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری تولید گیاهان دارویی در کنار است. در این پژوهش ابعاد اقتصادی بهره برداری از بادام کوهی به عنوان یکی از گونه های دارویی بومی استان، مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. روش تحقیق: داده های مورد نیاز از طریق مصاحبه با نمونه گیری تصادفی ساده به دست آمده و با استفاده از شاخص هزینه منابع داخلی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفته اند، نتایج و بحث: نتایج حاصله حاکی از آن است که استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، در تولید این محصول دارای مزیت نسبی بالقوه ای است و جمع آوری و فروش بادام کوهی از مناطق مستعد این محصول سود خالصی معادل چهارمیلیون و یکصد وسی هزارریال برای کشاورزان در بر دارد. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: با توجه به اینکه بادام کوهی بومی مناطق زاگرس در کشور می باشد، سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان آموزشهای لازم را برای کاشت و داشت و برداشت این محصول از روشهای موثر به کشاورزان ارائه نماید. در این صورت علاوه بر افزایش درآمد کشاورزان ، مواد اولیه لازم برای تولید برخی دارویی فراهم شده و همچنین از مهاجرت رستاییا ن به شهرها می کاهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Selection of Nomadic Tourism Sites (Case Study: Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province)
Pejman RezaeeHigh tourism abilities in nomadic areas is very essential for development of this country. in this regard, the location of suitable tourism spaces plays an important role in other stages of nomadic tourism planning. the goal of this article is select the best places for MoreHigh tourism abilities in nomadic areas is very essential for development of this country. in this regard, the location of suitable tourism spaces plays an important role in other stages of nomadic tourism planning. the goal of this article is select the best places for nomad tourism in Charmahal and Bakhtiaree province with use of AHP, Topsis model and GIS. the method of this research is descriptive and analytical and the type of research is functional. to locate the spaces, use some layers such as access to Ilrah, distance to the nomadic settlements, distance to the tourist attractions of the province, access to water, electricity, road network and etc. according to classification 10 sites select in province and these sits include: Chelgerd (0.816 score), Shalil ( 0.630 score) , Barz (0.541 score), Gale madrese ( 0.478 score), Samsami (0.426 score) , Shikh alikhan (0.423 score), Maze sokhte (0.420 score), Hiregan (0.381 score), kori chahar bonicheh (0.374 score) and Sharmak (0.266 score). Based on this prioritization other stages of the development of tribal tourism development in this province can be based on the equipment and planning of these sites. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - ﺗﺪوﻳﻦ و اﻧﺘﺨﺎب اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋی ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ی ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری براساس ماتریسSWOT و ماتریس برنامه ریزی استراتژیک کمی (QSPM)
هوشنگ سرور منیژه لاله پور مهدی اسلامی نسرین حیدری -
Open Access Article
29 - The Frequency and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Aeromonas hydrophila and Yersinia ruckeri Isolated from Diseased Rainbow Trout Cultured in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province
Nima Panahi Far Mohsen Pournia Reza Salighehzadeh Marjan MosaferRecognition of resistance and susceptibility of problematic bacteria such as Yersinia ruckeri and Aeromonas hydrophila in rainbow trout farms, in proper selection of antibiotics and infection control in breeding ponds. It plays an effective role. In this study, 100 dise MoreRecognition of resistance and susceptibility of problematic bacteria such as Yersinia ruckeri and Aeromonas hydrophila in rainbow trout farms, in proper selection of antibiotics and infection control in breeding ponds. It plays an effective role. In this study, 100 diseased fish were collected from rainbow trout farms in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province and after performing biochemical tests and purification of Aeromonas hydrophila and Yersinia ruckeri species, using PCR test with specific primers were finally approved. Antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria was investigated by disk diffusion method by culture on Müller-Hinton agar medium. Examination of the results of antibiogram of Aeromonas hydrophila isolates showed that the highest resistance was related to the antibiotics ampicillin (100%), colistin (80%), enrofloxacin (80%), flumquin (80%) and then, Compared to tetracycline (60%) and fluorophenicol (60%) antibiotics. The most sensitive isolates were related to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (60%) and phosphomycin (60%) antibiotics. Examination of the antibiogram results of Yersinia ruckeri isolates showed that the highest resistance among the isolates was related to the antibiotics ampicillin (100%), erythromycin (100), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (100%) and colistin (83.34%) and then showed about 67% resistance to tetracycline, fluorophenicol and phosphomycin antibiotics. Resistance to the antibiotics flumequin, lincomycin + spectinomycin (lincospectin) and enrofloxacin were also observed to be 50%, which means that none of these antibiotics would be a viable option for the treatment of bacterial infections caused by Yersinia ruckeri. In order to avoid growing bacterial resistance and to take the most effective decision in terms of antibiotic therapy, usage of antibiotics without antibiogram must be avoided. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - مقایسه تعالی سازمانی هیات های ورزشی استان چهار محال و بختیاری بر اساس مدل EFQM
غلامرضا امانی شلمزاری ابراهیم علی دوست قهفرخی علی احمدی -
Open Access Article
31 - Tribalism: A sociological explanation from political participation in Chahar Maham and Bakhtiari province (Emphacised on Islamic council assembly elections)
MOHAMAD NOUZARI Bashir Esmaeili Masoud Parsley RaceAll human society do experience many political units that their participiant forms, ways and instruments was diffirent. Now, the form of nation – state is accepted one, more or less, formally it’s criteria are hold by societies. But, in Iran that always have MoreAll human society do experience many political units that their participiant forms, ways and instruments was diffirent. Now, the form of nation – state is accepted one, more or less, formally it’s criteria are hold by societies. But, in Iran that always have experience of tribal sovereignty, kind and method of political participation is on transitional stage, and still their actors couldn’t passage from tribal spirit to party system. This spirit have a special appearance in tribal province, as Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari. Then, the problem of this article is explanation the relation between tribal spirit and political participation in Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari province. The method that be used in this research is mixture of geodistic and theoretical. Thus, by reliance on field and theoretical method, we gathered the data, meantime study the theoretical foundation on the elections deal with kind of political participation, and the role of tribal identity and study the people electoral behavier in Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari province in the Islamic council assembly on the differ periods. This study conclude that there are relation between political participation and tribal spirit in Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari province. Results also show their political participation not diffirent in terms of tribe and education. Manuscript profile
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