List of Articles متابولیت های ثانویه

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  1 - بررسی مسیر بیوسنتز کارنوسیک اسید در رزماری(Rosmarinus officinalis)
  سید محسن حسینی امین باقی زاده
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  2 - Phytochemical variation of the seed essential oils of several populations of garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) in different habitats of Iran
  Niloufar Jelvehgar Seied Mehdi Miri Khodadad Mostafavi Abdollah Mohammadi
  The genus Lepidium from the family Brassicaceae has 16 species in Iran, and the most famous species is garden cress (L. sativum), which is used as a vegetable or medicinal plant. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the quality and quantity of seed essential oil of More

  The genus Lepidium from the family Brassicaceae has 16 species in Iran, and the most famous species is garden cress (L. sativum), which is used as a vegetable or medicinal plant. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the quality and quantity of seed essential oil of seven L. sativum populations collected from different climatic regions of Iran. Seeds of L. sativum populations were hydro-distillated by clevenger, and the chemical composition of the essential oils and their quantitative percentages were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The main compounds of seed essential oil were monoterpenes 1,8-cineole (44.5%), α-terpinyl acetate (13.9%) and α-pinene (7.7%). The populations of Karaj, Kerman and Qazvin had the highest amounts of 1,8-cineole, α-terpinyl acetate and α-pinene, respectively. The results of cluster analysis based on the chemical composition of garden cress seed essential oil using the Nearest neighbor method showed that seven studied populations were divided into two groups, and this grouping did not match the geographical coordinates of the regions. The first group included the populations of Kerman, Qazvin, Shahriar and Tabriz, and the second group were the populations of Shiraz, Hamadan and Karaj, which had the highest amount of 1,8-cineole and the lowest amount of α-terpinyl acetate and 7,10-hexadecadienoic acid, methyl ester. According to the results of the bi-plot diagram of principle component analysis (PCA), Karaj population -which had the lowest values of the first and second components- was placed in a distinct group. No significant correlation was observed between the main compositions of the essential oil with the geographic coordinates and weather conditions of the collection sites. Manuscript profile
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  3 - واکنش فیتوشیمیایی گیاه زوفا (Hyssopusofficinalis L) به محلول پاشی اسید جاسمونیک
  عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی ابوالقاسم گرگیج مهدی رحیم ملک بهزاد حامدی
  مقدمه و هدف: اسید جاسمونیک به عنوان یکی از تنظیم کننده های رشد بر رشد و نمو، تولید متابولیت های ثانویه و هم­جنین واکنش به تنش نقش مهمی دارد. در این پژوهش اثر محلول پاشی غلظت­های مختلف اسید جاسمونیک روی گونه زوفا (Hyssopusofficinalis L.)  مورد بررسی قرار گرف More

  مقدمه و هدف: اسید جاسمونیک به عنوان یکی از تنظیم کننده های رشد بر رشد و نمو، تولید متابولیت های ثانویه و هم­جنین واکنش به تنش نقش مهمی دارد. در این پژوهش اثر محلول پاشی غلظت­های مختلف اسید جاسمونیک روی گونه زوفا (Hyssopusofficinalis L.)  مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. روش تحقیق: آزمایش به صورت گلدانی در سال زراعی 91-90 با تعداد پنج تیمار و سه تکرار در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد. تیمارها شامل آب مقطر (شاهد)، آب مقطر و حلال هورمون (استون)، غلظت­های مختلف شامل 50، 100 و 200 میکرومول اسید جاسمونیک بودند. اعمال تیمار در مرحله قبل از گلدهی به صورت محلول پاشی روی گیاه مورد مطالعه انجام شد. نمونه های اندام هوایی با استفاده از دستگاه کلونجر به روش تقطیر با آب اسانس­گیری گردید. اسانس به دست آمده جهت شناسایی ترکیبات به دستگاه کروماتوگرافی جرمی متصل به طیف سنج جرمی (GC-MS) تزریق شد. نتایج و بحث: نتایج نشان داد که مهمترین ترکیبات موثره در اسانس اندام هوایی زوفا شامل سیس -3-پینانون (10 تا 39 درصد)، ترانس-3-پینانون (4 تا 28 درصد) و بتا پینن (27 تا 34 درصد) بودند. غلظت های مختلف اسید جاسمونیک بر میزان ترکیبات اصلی زوفا اثرات معنی­داری داشتند؛ به طوری­که غلظت­های مختلف به­کار­رفته سبب کاهش یا افزایش تعدادی از ترکیبات ثانویه شدند. اختلاف معنی­داری بین مقدار ترکیبات ثانویه مهم با کاربرد غلظت 200 میکرومول جاسمونیک اسید در مقایسه با سایر تیمارهای مورد مطالعه مشاهده شد. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: در زراعت متابولیک اگر تولید یک متابولیت یا متابولیت های خاص مورد هدف باشند باید با مدیریت های مهم زراعی و فرآوری آن (روش های خشک کردن، اسانس گیری و غیره) به این هدف مهم یعنی افزایش میزان اسانس در قدم اول و میزان متابولیت (ها) در گام دوم دست یافت. با توجه به نتایج این مطالعه برخی متابولیت های ثانویه به خصوص ترکیبات فنولی مهم در اسانس آویشن دنایی به محلول پاشی اسید جاسمونیک تا حدودی واکنش نشان دادند.  Manuscript profile
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  4 - Identification and evaluation of antidiabetic activity of bacteria isolated from Persian Gulf sponges
  Atefeh Ansarizadeh Farshid Kafilzadeh Saeid Tamadoni Jahromi Mohammad Kargar Mohsen Gozari
  10.30495/jmw.2023.1977400.2048
  Background and purpose: Screening and identification of bacteria associated with sponges is an important step in the discovery of new drugs. The purpose of this research was to isolate and identify bacteria associated with sponges around Hormuz Island and to find bacter More

  Background and purpose: Screening and identification of bacteria associated with sponges is an important step in the discovery of new drugs. The purpose of this research was to isolate and identify bacteria associated with sponges around Hormuz Island and to find bacteria that produce metabolites that inhibit the activity of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzymes. Materials and methods: In this study, 25 samples of Haliclona and Niphatea sponges were collected from 6 stations. Identification was done based on phenotypic characteristics. Bacteria were cultured in broth nutrient medium and their secondary metabolites were extracted by ethyl acetate. The inhibition rate of metabolites against alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase was evaluated based on colorimetric methods. The toxicity of metabolites against normal umbilical cord endothelial cell line was investigated. The productive bacteria were identified by polyphasic taxonomy approach. Results: A total of 105 bacteria were isolated. Vibrio and Bacillus bacteria with 32.81% and 17.19% in Haliclona sp. and 19.51% and 34.15% in Niphatea sp. The metabolites extracted from 3 isolates inhibited amylase enzyme activity with IC50 values ranging from 0.248 to 366.8 µg/ml. Also, 4 isolates produced inhibitory metabolites against alpha-glucosidase enzyme in IC50 values from 159.4 to 670.9 µg/ml. Based on the results of polyphasic identification of capable isolates including Bacillus pumilus HH 165, Pseudomonas lurida HH 124, Streptomyces sp. HN 235, Bacillus tequilensis HN 231. Conclusion: In this study, 3 strains of bacteria producing inhibitory compounds, including alpha-ambellase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes, and without cytotoxicity were identified. The mentioned bacteria can be suitable candidates in diabetes studies. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Marine actinobacteria: a source for discovering of new drugs
  Mohammad Nazarian Iraj Nabipour Akram Najafi
  Marine actinobacteria are virtually unlimited sources of novel secondary metabolites and are very important from therapeutic and industrial points of view. There are more than 22,000 known microbial secondary metabolites, 70% of which are produced by actinobacteria. A More

  Marine actinobacteria are virtually unlimited sources of novel secondary metabolites and are very important from therapeutic and industrial points of view. There are more than 22,000 known microbial secondary metabolites, 70% of which are produced by actinobacteria. Actinobacteria from terrestrial sources have been examined and identified since the 1950s, for many significant antibiotics, anticancer, anti-tumor and immunosuppressive activities. However, obtaining the previously discovered metabolites from terrestrial actinobacteria habitats attracted studies to different ecological habitats. The ecological role of actinobacteria in the marine environment is greatly neglected.  Currently, the existence of marine actinobacteria have received considerable attention due to the structural diversity, unique biological activities of their secondary metabolites and a growing need for the development of new and potent therapeutic agents. In recent years, newly discovered secondary metabolites have shown a range of biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antitumor, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, anti-parasitic, anti malaria, antiviral, antioxidant, etc. In this review, an evaluation is made on the current status of research on marine actinobacteria yielding pharmaceutically active secondary metabolites. Bioactive compounds from marine actinobacteria possess distinct chemical structures that may form the basis for synthesis of new drugs that could be used to combat resistant pathogens. With the increasing advancement in science and technology, there would be a greater demand for new bioactive compounds synthesized by actinobacteria from various marine sources in future. Manuscript profile
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  6 - Effect of Gibberellic acid (GA3) on quality and quantity characteristics of sweet violet (Viola odorata L.) flower
  Saeid Davazdahemami Forough Mortazaeinezhad Maryam Parvaresh Marziyeh Allahdadi
  10.22034/aej.2022.696778
  Sweet violet (Viola odorata L.) is a perennial plant belonging to the Violaceae family that is not only known as a medicinal and ornamental plant but also widely used in the cosmetics industry. In order to investigate the effect of different concentrations of gibberelli More

  Sweet violet (Viola odorata L.) is a perennial plant belonging to the Violaceae family that is not only known as a medicinal and ornamental plant but also widely used in the cosmetics industry. In order to investigate the effect of different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA3) on the quantitative and qualitative properties of sweet violet flowers, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (CRD) with three replications at Islamic Azad University of Khorasgan (Isfahan). Treatments were different levels of gibberellic acid (GA3) with three concentrations of 0 (control), 200 and 400 mg/L. Results showed that the application of  gibberellic acid at 400 ppm significantly increased flower number, flower diameter, flowering duration, anthocyanin content, flavonoids, chlorophyll and UV absorptions compared to control treatment. There was no significant difference in terms of anthocyanin, chlorophyll b and carotenoids between the treatment of 200 ppm  gibberellic acid  and control. Flower diameter, flower number, flowering duration and anthocyanin content of flowers at two concentrations of hormone (200 and 400 ppm) showed similar results. Regarding the medicinal use of sweet violet flowers, it is recommended to use hormonal treatments to increase the number of flowers and secondary metabolites of this plant. Manuscript profile