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Open Access Article
1 - بررسی فلورمخمری واژن دستگاه تناسلی گاو هولشتاین فریژن در دوران مختلف باروری در شهرستان قم
سید جمال هاشمی سیددانش معصومی -
Open Access Article
2 - Breeding success and daily survival rate of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis) in Amirkelayeh International Wetland, Iran
Razeih Rahimi Masoud Monavari Mahmoud KaramiBackground and Objective: Great cormorant is dependent on aquatic ecosystems. The breeding success and daily survival rate of the Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo sienensis (early April until late of July) was studied in 2009 in a colony at Amirkelayeh international MoreBackground and Objective: Great cormorant is dependent on aquatic ecosystems. The breeding success and daily survival rate of the Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo sienensis (early April until late of July) was studied in 2009 in a colony at Amirkelayeh international wetland, south of the Caspian Sea, Iran. Method: In this study, Mayfield method was use to estimated nest survival during incubation and nestling and post- nestling stages. Findings: The mean of clutch size was 2.88±0.8 eggs in each nest Based on this method, daily survival rate nests in incubation period was 98.3%,in nestling and post-nestling were 99.4%and 100% respectively. The overall breeding success was 56.4%. Discussion and Conclusion: Results of this study showed there were higher stages of chick rearing than the incubation period and no losses occurred in fledged chicks. Some climatic factors such as high wind and prolonged rain had more impacts and losses in incubation period (30.7%).In other hand, chicks are more sensitive in nestling stage. Results suggest that Amirkelayeh colony site needs more improvement mitigation for better conservation of the cormorant colony in breeding period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Jurisprudence study of the relation and its legal effects in human simulation
mostafa ameri siahooyi alireza asgari mohammad mahdi ahmadi ahmad moradkhaniSimulation or cloning is one of the nascent methods of the medical world in the treatment of infertility, which, unlike normal reproduction, is a living creature without fertilization and a combination of a physical cell and a sexual cell. The right to assign the child MoreSimulation or cloning is one of the nascent methods of the medical world in the treatment of infertility, which, unlike normal reproduction, is a living creature without fertilization and a combination of a physical cell and a sexual cell. The right to assign the child to his or her parent is one of the most fundamental human rights. This article attempts to answer the questions and challenges in the jurisprudential review of the status of parental affairs in a child. Here, reproduction of the dual origin (parent) is compared to the genetic characteristics of the child and reproduction simulations of the parent (father or mother), and, moreover, the simulation license in the context of the conjugation relationship or the outside It is also being discussed. Every available ideas gives different results that various aspects of it are considered in the judgments of the Imams, and, finally, it is stated that, firstly, there is a relation in simulation. Secondly, the parent and the owner of the cell Cloned as the child's parent, that is, the owner of the cell and the child derived from the owner of the cell, are also twins. Also, the works of Nasab will be include the respect of marriage, custody of the child, Qahiri province, the obligation to spend, and inheritance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Biological and Reproductive Parameters of Olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Laboratory condition
Mohammad Javad Soroush Karim Kamali Hadi Ostovan Mahmoud Shojaei Yaghoub FathipourThe olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Diptera:Tephritidae) is the most important and widespread pest in the olive growing countries in the world. The larvae feed upon the pulp, resulting in a significant quantitative and qualitative loss in the production of table oliv MoreThe olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Diptera:Tephritidae) is the most important and widespread pest in the olive growing countries in the world. The larvae feed upon the pulp, resulting in a significant quantitative and qualitative loss in the production of table olives and oil. In this research, infected fruits from infected areas were collected and biological and reproductive parameters were evaluated at 27 ± 1°C, 60-70 % RH and photoperiod of 16L: 8D on olive fruit, Zard variety. Because of internal function of immature stages of the pest, we supposed that the gross hatch rate was equal to 1 and survival rate (lx) of adults was compared with the initial egg number. Results showed that incubation period of eggs, larval and pupal stages lasted in 3.26 ± 0.095, 13.13 ± 0.28 and 9.13 ± 0.34 days respectively. Development time of the pest in suitable condition was 25.53 ± 0.48 days. Pre-oviposition time, oviposition time and post-oviposition time was 5.64 ± 0.31, 51.64 ± 1.73 and 4.07 ± 0.68 days respectively. The average of adult longevity for males was 38.57 ± 2.56 and for females was 61.36 ±2.15 days. The total number of laid eggs laid in suitable conditions was 214.25 ± 22.38 per female (139-256). The sex ratio was 1.1: 1, female: male. The survival rate until last stages of life cycle was equal to 1 but in this time some females was dead that it appeared as fluctuations in the rate. The gross and net fecundity and fertility rate of the pest on olive fruits was 118.20 and 46.97 respectively, because the gross hatch rate was supposed equal to 1. Mean egg per day was 1.90 and mean eggs/female/day was 0.89. Mean fertile eggs per day and mean fertile eggs/female/day were equal to 1.90 and 0.89 too. Results of showed that generation time (T) was 58.18 days, doubling time (DT) was 8.88 days, finite rate of increase (λ) was 1.08 and intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.078. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Life table parameters of Tuta absoluta (Lep:, Gelechiidae) at different constant temperatures under laboratory conditions
Rahil AsadiThe tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), is a key insect pest of tomato in Iran and many other countries. The experiment initiated with 100 newly eggs and they were monitored daily in order to record the different development stages mortality. Also daily fecundity MoreThe tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), is a key insect pest of tomato in Iran and many other countries. The experiment initiated with 100 newly eggs and they were monitored daily in order to record the different development stages mortality. Also daily fecundity per female was recorded. This experiment that started by 20 female continued until death of all adult females. The effects of different constant temperatures, as the most important bioclimatic factor, on the life table and population growth parameters of tomato leafminer were determined under controlled laboratory conditions at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C, 60 ± 5 % RH and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h. From the survival rate and fecundity schedule of T. absoluta at each constant temperature, the population growth parameters including net reproduction rate (R0), intrinsic rates of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), mean generation time (T) and doubling time (DT) were calculated with Jackknife method and SAS statistical software. According to the results, the highest and lowest survival rates at the beginning of adult emergence were 0.93 and 0.43 at 20°C and 35°C, respectively. Life expectancy of newly laid eggs were 46.23, 35.17, 29.53, 17.11 and 10.81 days and at the beginning of adult emergence were 27.22, 21.63, 16.33, 9.56 and 5.31 days at above temperatures, respectively. The lowest and highest values of intrinsic rate of increase were 0.07 ± 0.01 at 35°C and 0.21 ± 0.01 (d-1) at 20°C, respectively. The values of net reproductive rate were 3.31, 43.05, 37.54, 20.03 and 7.74 (females/female) at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C, respectively. The values of finite rate of increase at tested temperature were 1.01, 1.27, 1.14, 1.09 and 1.02 (d-1), respectively. Furthermore, the mean generation time decreased by increasing temperature, as its minimum value was obtained 10.24 ± 0.18 at 35°C. The values of doubling time at above mentioned temperatures were 12.06, 3.36, 3.68, 9.83 and 15.11 days, respectively. The results revealed that the population growth parameters of T. absoluta were affected by temperature as a critical abiotic factor. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Effects of Sublethal concentrations of fungus Beauveria bassiana on the reproductive potentials of sawtoothed beetle Oryzaephilus surinamensis on commercial date cultivars
Masoud Latifian Ebrahim Soleimannejadian Mehran Ghazvi Mohammad Saeid Mosadegh Jamshid HayatiBeauveria bassiana (Balsamo) is an entomopathogenic fungus one of Oryzaephilus surinamensis L.. In this study effects of sublethal doses of pathogen on reproductive potential , the amount of oviposition and the percentage of egg hatching of sawtooth beetles MoreBeauveria bassiana (Balsamo) is an entomopathogenic fungus one of Oryzaephilus surinamensis L.. In this study effects of sublethal doses of pathogen on reproductive potential , the amount of oviposition and the percentage of egg hatching of sawtooth beetles were investigated in terms of feeding on three Dates cultivars including Sayer, Zahedi and Deiri long in vitro condition. Adults were treated by 5 sublethal doses including 102, 5×102, 103, 5×103 and 104 Spores in ml and compared by control. Then, the sublethal doses of reduced reproductive potential of each cultivar were calculated by using Log-Probit analysis method. The tested doses of pathogen had decreasing effects on fertility index. The synergist of fungal pathogen and cultivars on reduce fertility rates were gradually by the increasing pathogen doses. Minimum and maximum sublethal doses for reducing the 50 percent amount of oviposition were showed in population grew on Zahedi and Deiri cultivars and equivalent to 1.497×103 and 4.963×103 spores/ml respectively. Minimum and maximum sulethal doses for reduction 50 percent egg hatching were showed in population grew on the Zahedi and Sayer cultivars and, equivalent to 6.316×103 and 8.28×103 spores/ml respectively. The results of this study showed that the fungus B. bassiana had a significant effect in reducing the reproduction potentials. The pathogen ability to reduce the reproduction potentials was in addition depended on the fungi dose and Date cultivars that feeding by the pest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Evaluation of the effectiveness of two nematicides for control of potato golden nematode (Globodera rostochiensis) in greenhouse
Mahdi Sharifi Mashhoud Mohammad Torabi Mazdasht GitiPotato golden cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis) is one of the most important diseases which causes massive damages in potato and without the management will destroy 100% of crop. In the present study, the effect of two new nematicides Nemakick and Marigold for con MorePotato golden cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis) is one of the most important diseases which causes massive damages in potato and without the management will destroy 100% of crop. In the present study, the effect of two new nematicides Nemakick and Marigold for controlling potato cyst nematode was tested. The experiment was conducted in factorial based of completely randomized design in greenhouse. Two potato cultivars Marfona (Susceptible) and Bamba (Moderately resistant) were planted and two different infection levels of 5 and 20 juvenile and egg per gram of soil and two different doses of Marigold, 150 and 300 Kgha-1 and two different doses of Nemakick, 100 and 200 Kgha-1 were applied just before planting tubers. Pots were incubated in a common greenhouse and 100 days after planting the potatoes were pulled out and population of cysts and juvenile and egg per gram of soil was counted. Potato yield factors were Also measured and the results were analyzed by SAS statistical software. The results indicated that there was a significant effect for nematode populations and potato yield parameters. Bamba showed better results compared to Marfona with respect to number of cysts, juvenile and egg per gram of soil. In Marfona nematicides scaused 35% reduction in juvenile and egg number compared to the control. Appling Marigold with 150 and 300 Kgha-1 had the maximum effect on controlling the nematode. Nemakick treatments with 100 and 200 Kgha-1.were aiso effective and acted closely to Marygold treatments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Age, growth and reproduction characteristics of brond-snout (Chondrostoma regium) in Alvand River (Kermanshah province)
Mehdi Shamsaie MehrganAbstractIn this study, some characteristics of growth, age and reproduction of brond-snout (Chondrostoma regium) population were studied in Alvand River of Kermanshah province monthly for one year from June 2019 to May 2020. A total of 6 age groups (1-6) were identified MoreAbstractIn this study, some characteristics of growth, age and reproduction of brond-snout (Chondrostoma regium) population were studied in Alvand River of Kermanshah province monthly for one year from June 2019 to May 2020. A total of 6 age groups (1-6) were identified. 120 females and 105 males with a sex ratio (female to male) 1.06: 1 was detected from 225 caught fish. The predominant age was 4 years and the mean total length in the males and females were 205.23±22.42 mm and 234.09 ±29.42 mm, respectively, which showed a significant difference between the genders (p≤0.05). The length-weight linear relationship for male and female were Lt = 310[1-e -0.31(t+0.52)] and Lt = 327[1-e -0.34(t+0.49)], respectively. The growth pattern for male and female was allometric negative and allometric positive, respectively, and the mean obesity coefficient for male and female were 1.01±0.11 and 0.99±0.08, respectively. The mean absolute fecundity of fish was 11921.22±2284.54, which increased with the age and decreased egg diameter. The mean gonad index for male and female was 1.8±0.13 and 8.64±0.72, respectively (p≤0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Effect of oral supplement of zinc and copper on lameness and reproductive performance in dairy cattle
حسین Koochekzadeh Omran میثم Fallah مجید Fartashvand A.M VatankhahThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of oral supplements of zinc and copper on lameness and reproductive performance in dairy cattle. Performance indicators on a dairy farm are very different. In this study which was conducted on 40 Holstein cows at one of MoreThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of oral supplements of zinc and copper on lameness and reproductive performance in dairy cattle. Performance indicators on a dairy farm are very different. In this study which was conducted on 40 Holstein cows at one of Amol's dairy farms, some of these indicators include lameness, abortion; retained placenta and open days were studied. 360 mg zinc and 125 mg copper were added to rations of daily 20 heads of cattle (case group) daily for one year. Control group was given same diet without the supplement. Regular and seasonal blood sampling were done and serum levels of zinc and copper were analyzed. The results suggested that lameness (p<0.01), retained placenta (p<0.05), open day (p<0.05) and abortion (p<0.05) were reduced significantly after treatment. There is a significant difference in these incidence, between case and control group (p<0.01). Due to the simultaneous increase in serum levels of copper and zinc with reduction the incidence of the disease, we conclude that the use of trace elements such as copper and zinc in improving reproductive performance and lameness were useful. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Effect of increasing energy levels of diet and heat synchronization on steroid hormones and reproductive indices in Holstein heifers
akbar pirestani amirabbas emamimeybodi gholamreza ghalamkari shahin eghbalsaeediaboueshaghiThe aim of the present study was to determine the effects of increasing energy levels of diet and heat synchronization on steroid hormones and fertility in Holstein heifers. Eighty heifers with average bodyweight of 330±20 kg were randomly allocated in equal numb MoreThe aim of the present study was to determine the effects of increasing energy levels of diet and heat synchronization on steroid hormones and fertility in Holstein heifers. Eighty heifers with average bodyweight of 330±20 kg were randomly allocated in equal numbers into four groups including control (A), high energy diet (B) (10% higher than NRC recommendation), heat synchronization (C) (CIDR-Ovsynch) and high energy diet + heat synchronization (D). Heifers in groups B and D were fed initially one year and 30-day pre-synchronization periods, and they were inseminated after observation of heat. Blood samples were collected after first heat signs (groups A & B) and at the beginning of synchronization in each phase of estrus cycle for the determination of plasma progesterone, estrogen and BHBA concentrations. Also, reproduction indices such as service per conception rate and intervals between first heat and AI leading to pregnancy were evaluated. The results showed that estrogen level was significantly increased (p<0/05) in estrous phase in groups C and D compared to the other groups. Progesterone level was significantly high (p<0/05) in diestrous phase in groups B, C and D compared to group A. Level of BHBA was higher in proestrous phase and it was lowest in group D in comparison to the other groups. Also, lowest service per conception rate and intervals between first heat and AI leading to pregnancy was seen in group D, although no statistical significance was observed. It was concluded that high energy diet along with heat synchronization has beneficial effects on reproduction performance, increasing steroid hormones concentration and decreasing BHBA concentration in Holstein heifers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - مروری بر خواص دارویی و کاربردی دارچین
امیرپویا قندهاری یزدی آلاله نیکویی لیلا صداقت بروجنیمقدمه و هدف: با توجه به عوارض داروهای شیمیایی امروزه طب گیاهی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. دارچین از تیره برگ بو[1] است که در غذاها به عنوان ادویه و در داروها استفاده میشود. دارچین دارای خواص ضدمیکروب، آنتی اکسیدان، آنتی دیابت ضد ویروس و ضد اسپاسم، ضد نفخ، افزایش د Moreمقدمه و هدف: با توجه به عوارض داروهای شیمیایی امروزه طب گیاهی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. دارچین از تیره برگ بو[1] است که در غذاها به عنوان ادویه و در داروها استفاده میشود. دارچین دارای خواص ضدمیکروب، آنتی اکسیدان، آنتی دیابت ضد ویروس و ضد اسپاسم، ضد نفخ، افزایش دهنده تعریق بدن، گرم کننده و محرک رحم میباشد. اسانس دارچین خاصیت ضد قارچی و ضد باکتریایی دارد که احتمالا این آثار مربوط به محتوی ارتومتوکسی سینامالدئید است. عصاره دارچین دارای ترکیباتی مثل اوژنول میباشد که باعث به وجود آمدن خاصیت فیبرینولیتیک در آن میشود. دارچین و ترکیبات آن میتوانند روی سیستم اعصاب مرکزی نیز اثر گذاشته و باعث کاهش درد شوند همچنین ترکیبات موجود در دارچین باعث تقویت عمل انسولین و کاهش مقاومت انسولینی میشود که باعث اثر مثبت بر گلوکز سطح خون میشود. یکی از مهمترین اثرات درمانی دارچین افزایش میل جنسی میباشد. افزایش هورمونها را میتوان به اثر مستقیم یا غیر مستقیم ترکیبات دارچین به ویژه سینامالدئید در افزایش سنتز نیتریک اکسید دانست. دارچین دارای ترکیبات فرار و غیر فرار فنلیک و غیر فنلیک میباشد که باعث به وجود آمدن خاصیت آنتی اکسیدانی در دارچین میشود. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: با توجه به خواص ذکر شده برای دارچین و عصاره آن، هم­چنین سهولت در استخراج عصاره و قیمت مناسب آن میتوان در صنایع دارویی و مواد غذایی از آن استفاده نمود.در صنعت موادغذایی از خواص آنتی میکروبیالی و آنتی اکسیدانی آن و حتی در صنایع بستهبندی به عنوان یک نگهدارنده طبیعی میتوان از آن استفاده نمود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - پتانسیلهای تولیدی و تولیدمثلی گروههای ژنتیکی مختلف گاوهای آمیخته پرورش یافته در شرایط مختلف
جی. میاه م.اس.اچ. سهل م.آی. حسین م. شهجلال م.اس. حسین م.آ. حسین ک.ن. اسلامیک مطالعه مقایسه­ای برای بررسی عملکردهای تولیدی و تولیدمثلی گروه­های ژنتیکی مختلف گاوهای آمیخته در سه شرایط پرورشی مختلف در بنگلادش انجام شد. گاوهای آمیخته­ای که دوره سوم شیردهی­شان را کامل کرده بودند (90=n)، به طور تصادفی از سه مزرعه مختلف (جریپ، ملاه و Moreیک مطالعه مقایسه­ای برای بررسی عملکردهای تولیدی و تولیدمثلی گروه­های ژنتیکی مختلف گاوهای آمیخته در سه شرایط پرورشی مختلف در بنگلادش انجام شد. گاوهای آمیخته­ای که دوره سوم شیردهی­شان را کامل کرده بودند (90=n)، به طور تصادفی از سه مزرعه مختلف (جریپ، ملاه و ناهر) در چیتاگونگ بنگلادش انتخاب شدند. تعداد حیوانات هر گروه ژنتیکی عبارت بودند از: 30 رأس آمیخته­های 50 درصد هلشتاین فریزین (HF) × 50 درصد ساهیوال (SL)، 30 رأس آمیخته­های 5/62 درصد HF × 5/37 درصد SL و 30 رأس آمیخته­های 75 درصد HF × 25 درصد SL. صفات تولیدی و تولیدمثلی مختلف گاوهای آمیخته نظیر سن نخستین فحلی، فاصله زایش، طول آبستنی، تعداد سرویس به ازای هر آبستنی، روزهای باز، طول دوره شیردهی، تولید شیر و غیره در این مطالعه اندازه­گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که طول آبستنی در آمیخته­های 50 درصد HF × 50 درصد SL، طول دوره شیردهی در آمیخته­های 5/62 درصد HF × 5/37 درصد SL، طول دوره آبستنی و طول دوره شیردهی در آمیخته­های 75 درصد HF × 25 درصد SL بین مزارع مختلف به نحو معنی­داری (05/0>P) تحت تأثیر قرار گرفتند. سایر پارامترهای گاوهای آمیخته نظیر سن نخستین فحلی، سن نخستین زایش، تعداد سرویس به ازای هر آبستنی، میانگین تولید شیر روزانه، تعداد روزهای باز و فاصله زایش ژنوتیپ­های مختلف تحت تأثیر مزارع قرار نگرفتند (05/0<P). بالاترین (00/0±00/282 روز) و پایین­ترین (92/0±43/276 روز) طول آبستنی به ترتیب در گاوهای آمیخته مزارع جریپ و ناهر دیده شد. بالاترین (50/3±50/297 روز) و پایین­ترین (00/0±00/282 روز) طول آبستنی به ترتیب در گاوهای آمیخته مزارع ملاه و جریپ دیده شد. به طور کلی عملکرد تولیدی و تولیدمثلی گاوهای آمیخته مختلف مزارع ناهر و ملاه بالاتر از مزرعه جریپ بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - روشی جدید برای فعال کردن خارج از فصل سیستم تولیدمثلی در میشهای قزل
ب. قاسمی-پناهی س.ع. رافت م. ابراهیمی م.ح. اکبرزاده ر. حاجیعلیزاده ولیلوگوسفند قزل یکی از نژادهای اصلی در شمال غرب ایران است که به منظور تولید گوشت، شیر و پشم پرورش داده میشود. بهبود تولیدمثل این نژاد تأثیر معنیداری بر روی رشد اقتصادی کشاورزان منطقه خواهد گذاشت. بنابراین در پژوهش حاضر تأثیر استفاده همزمان از همزمانسازی فحلی (سیدر و eCG) Moreگوسفند قزل یکی از نژادهای اصلی در شمال غرب ایران است که به منظور تولید گوشت، شیر و پشم پرورش داده میشود. بهبود تولیدمثل این نژاد تأثیر معنیداری بر روی رشد اقتصادی کشاورزان منطقه خواهد گذاشت. بنابراین در پژوهش حاضر تأثیر استفاده همزمان از همزمانسازی فحلی (سیدر و eCG) و جیره فلاشینگ بر تولیدمثل خارج از فصل در میش­های قزل تعیین شد. تعداد 114 رأس میش قزل 3 ساله به طور مساوی به سه گروه آزمایشی تقسیم شدند. گروه 1 به وسیله سیدر و eCG همزمانسازی شدند و 40 روز جیره فلاشینگ دریافت کردند. گروه 2 برای 40 روز جیره فلاشینگ دریافت کردند و گروه 3 (شاهد) هیچ تیماری را دریافت نکردند. قوچها نیز به صورت همزمان با میشها جیره فلاشینگ دریافت کردند. سیدرگذاری به مدت 12 روز انجام شد، به دنبال برداشتن سیدرها هر یک از میشهای گروه 1 مقدار 400 واحد eCG به صورت تزریق درون ماهیچهای دریافت کردند. سپس، قوچها وارد گله میشها شدند. پنجاه روز بعد از قوچ اندازی از اولتراسوند برای تعیین آبستنی استفاده شد. نسبت برهزایی در گروه 1 مقدار 32/276 درصد و نسبت آبستنی 100 درصد بود. این نتیجه به طور معنیداری متفاوت با گروه 2 و 3 بود. اگر چه بهبود اندکی در درصد آبستنی در گروه 2 نسبت به گروه کنترل مشاهده شد، نتایج کلی پیشنهاد میکنند که فلاشینگ به تنهایی در فعالکردن سیستم تولیدمثلی در خارج از فصل تولیدمثلی مؤثر نیست. این پژوهش نشان داد که همزمانسازی با استفاده از سیدر و eCG به همراه جیره فلاشینگ یک روش مناسب برای بهبود تولید بره در خارج از فصل تولیدمثلی در میشهای قزل است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - اثر قطع دنبه بر عملکرد تولیدمثلی گوسفندان نژاد قزل و مهربان
هـ آتشی ج. ایزدی فردبرای ارزیابی اثر قطع دنبه بر عملکرد تولید­مثلی، از 154 بره­ ماده از نژادهای قزل (78) و مهربان (76) استفاده شد. دو روز دوم پس از تولد با استفاده از حلقه­های لاستیکی دنبه­ 36 بره از نژاد قزل و 28 بره از نژاد مهربان قطع شد و عملکرد تولید­مثلی بره­ها Moreبرای ارزیابی اثر قطع دنبه بر عملکرد تولید­مثلی، از 154 بره­ ماده از نژادهای قزل (78) و مهربان (76) استفاده شد. دو روز دوم پس از تولد با استفاده از حلقه­های لاستیکی دنبه­ 36 بره از نژاد قزل و 28 بره از نژاد مهربان قطع شد و عملکرد تولید­مثلی بره­ها در سه دوره­ زایش اندازه­گیری شد. اثر قطع دنبه بر باروری (نسبت میش­های زایمان کرده به کل میش­ها) و دوقلوزایی (تعداد بره متولد شده به ازای هر زایش) با روش رگرسیون لجستیک چند متغیره بررسی شد. در مدل آماری استفاده شده اثر متقابل قطع دنبه و نژاد، اثر ثابت شکم زایش و اثر تصادفی میش گنجانده شد. اثر قطع دنبه بر وزن تولد و وزن از شیرگیری فرزندان با استفاده از یک مدل مختلط چند متغیره بررسی شد. در این مدل، اثر متقابل قطع دنبه و نژاد، اثرهای ثابت شکم زایش، جنس بره و دوقلوزایی و اثر تصادفی میش گنجانده شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل قطع دنبه و نژاد و اثر شکم زایش بر باروری معنی­دار بود. قطع دنبه بر باروری میش­های نژاد قزل اثر معنی­دار کاهنده داشت، اما بر باروری میش­های نژاد مهربان اثر نداشت. همچنین قطع دنبه بر دوقلوزایی، وزن تولد و وزن از شیرگیری فرزندان اثر نداشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - اثرات کوتاه و بلند مدت اسفنج MAP بر عملکرد تولید مثلی میشهای عربی در خارج از فصل تولید مثل
P. Sareminejad S. Tabatabaei M. Mamouei K. Mirzadeh M. Boujarpourهدف از این مطالعه، بررسی راندمان تولید مثل درمانهای کوتاه و بلند مدت پروژسترونی به همراه هورمون PMSG در میشهای عربی در خارج از فصل تولید مثل بود. در مجموع 56 رأس گوسفند ماده به سه گروه تقسیم شدند. در گروه اول، اسفنج داخل واژنی (60 میلیگرم مدروکسی پروژسترون استات، MAP Moreهدف از این مطالعه، بررسی راندمان تولید مثل درمانهای کوتاه و بلند مدت پروژسترونی به همراه هورمون PMSG در میشهای عربی در خارج از فصل تولید مثل بود. در مجموع 56 رأس گوسفند ماده به سه گروه تقسیم شدند. در گروه اول، اسفنج داخل واژنی (60 میلیگرم مدروکسی پروژسترون استات، MAP) به مدت 6 روز در داخل واژن باقی ماند، در گروه دوم، اسفج مدروکسی پروژسترون استات به مدت 14 روز در واژن باقی ماند و گروه سوم، نیز به عنوان گروه کنترل در نظر گرفته شد. به دو گروه اول، پس از برداشت اسفنج میزان 600 واحد بین المللی (IU) هورمون PMSG به صورت عضلانی تزریق شد. پارامترهایی از جمله، میزان پاسخ فحلی، مدت فحلی، میزان آبستنی و میزان تزاید بین گروهها مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. تفاوت معنیداری در میزان پاسخ فحلی و میزان تزاید بین دو گروه اول و دوم وجود نداشت (05/0<P). با این حال، دو گروه درمانی در مقایسه با گروه کنترل تفاوت معنیداری داشتند. در گروه اول، طول مدت فحلی به طور قابل توجهی بیشتر از گروه دوم بود (05/0>P). علاوه بر این، میزان آبستنی نیز در گروه اول به طور معنیداری بالاتر از گروه دوم بود (05/0>P). نتیجهگیری شد که درمان کوتاه مدت اسفنج (6 روز) در مقایسه با درمان بلند مدت (14 روز) در میشهای عربی عملکرد بهتری دارد Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Reproductive Performance of Friesian-Holstein Cows at Sebele Research Station in South Eastern Botswana
اُ.ر. مادیبلا و. ماهابیل -
Open Access Article
17 - Incidence, Production and Economic Losses of Clinical Mastitis in Egyptian Holstein Cows
ام.اس. ال-ترابانی ام.آ. علی -
Open Access Article
18 - Genetic and Phenotypic Trends of Productive and Reproductive Traits in Iranian Holstein Dairy Cattle of Isfahan Province
Z. آقاجری ا. آیت اللهی مهرجردی ر. طهماسبی م. مقبلی -
Open Access Article
19 - Investigation on reproduction biology in Leuciscus cephalus at Babolrud River (Mazandaran Province).
A. Ashja Ardalan A. Vosoughi E. RadThis study was carried out in Babolrood river ( Mazandaran province) from 5 September 2008 to 6 August 2009 on Leuciscus cephalus ( mahi sephid rood khanei ). The sampling was montly and samples were collected by Electroshocker. In total 441 Leuciscus cephalus were caug MoreThis study was carried out in Babolrood river ( Mazandaran province) from 5 September 2008 to 6 August 2009 on Leuciscus cephalus ( mahi sephid rood khanei ). The sampling was montly and samples were collected by Electroshocker. In total 441 Leuciscus cephalus were caught.Maximum fish abundance in stage 3 with 21.02 percent and the lowest number in sex maturation stage 6 with a frequency of 8.55 percent were. Maximum number of fish in terms of male gender in sex maturation stage 3 with the frequency of 20.55 percent and the lowest number was in step 6 with a frequency of 7.22 percent. The highest percent of female, in sex maturation stage 3 with 21.34 percent and the lowest number in step 7with a frequency of 8.70 percent were found. The mean diameter of oocytes in female fish from November to May was in ascending trend and mean was in May (69.83 ± 12.90 µ). The absolute fecundity minimum was 3005, maximum was 13194 and mean egg number was estimated to be 8038. The average percentage of gonad somatic maturation index (GSI) for males was 1.47 ± 0.94, for female was 2.95 ± 1.83 respectively. The total mean of condition factor (CF) was evaluated to be 1.12 ± 0.14 for males and 1.17 ± 0.15 for females. According to this review spawning time is from mid-May to late June and their spawning type once a time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Reproduction biology wild common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in the Caspian Sea coast (Mahmoud abad town) Mazandaran province
A. Vosooghi A. Matinfar T. MaddahThis study was carried out in the southern Caspian Sea water ( Mazandaran province) Mahmooud Abad town on Cyprinus carpio between Ganuary 2006 to Ganuary 2007. The samplings were monthly and speciemens were collected from beach seinecatch in the Mahmooud Aba MoreThis study was carried out in the southern Caspian Sea water ( Mazandaran province) Mahmooud Abad town on Cyprinus carpio between Ganuary 2006 to Ganuary 2007. The samplings were monthly and speciemens were collected from beach seinecatch in the Mahmooud Abad area. Clocetively . 134 specimen of Cyprinus carpio were obtain. The biometric parameters including:, FL, body weight, aging (using scale), sexuality, gonad weight and maturing stages specimens were determine .Mean of fork length for male and female 39.85±5.45 and 40.59±4.08 respectively and body weight for male and female 961.45±306., 1020.01±320.14 gr recpectively. Age composition of all speciemens ( male and female ) belong to different age groups: 3 (%9 ), 4 (%22.4 ), 5 (%39.6 ), 6 ( %23.9) , 7 (%5.2). We could recognized sexuality in all (134) speciemens . Male provide 48.5 and females 51.5 percent of the catch. The avrage of absolute fecundity was estimated 85245 eggs and the range of relative fecundity was estimated 81747 eggs. in stage of maturation all speciemens were exmined ( 5 stage method ) but only tree stage ( 3 , 4 , 5 ) were observed. The GSI determines that the spawning season commences in the April until the end of summer and autumn and winter the higher levels of GSI and developed classes of ovary maturation were observed in April and May and was reduced which indicate the spawning in this months. The mean Kf for male and for female 1.19±0.12 , 1.29±0.15 respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Fecundity of Carassobarbus luteus in Karun River from Aghili Plains in Shushtar
M. Biria N. Javadzadeh Pourshalkoohi M. VelayatzadehCarassobarbus luteus fish, one of the Cyprinidae species and native to southwestern Iran, have been identified in the domestic water in the rivers and wetlands of Khuzestan Province. This study was performed Fecundity of Carassobarbus luteus in Karun River. Monthly catc MoreCarassobarbus luteus fish, one of the Cyprinidae species and native to southwestern Iran, have been identified in the domestic water in the rivers and wetlands of Khuzestan Province. This study was performed Fecundity of Carassobarbus luteus in Karun River. Monthly catches from February 2012 to April 2013 at three stations in the province took Aghili Plains. 385 samples of fish were collected from the study area to determine fecundity of ovarian tissue were selected samples in sexual stages 3, 4, 5. Mean of absolute fecundity of Carassobarbus luteus was 5754.59±7 and range from 740 to 43301 eggs. The highest of absolute fecundity in Length apperceive 205 to 210 mm equal 26800±1660.45. Also, the lowest of absolute fecundity in Length was 185 mm equal 1018±52.68. Also mean of relative fecundity in fishes 53.30±1.03 and minimum and maximum from 9 to 248 eggs. The highest of relative fecundity in Length apperceive 200 to 205 mm equal 222.8±10.38. The lowest of relative fecundity in Length was 185 mm equal 9.16±0.25. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Effects of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRHa) and Carp Pituitary Extract (CPE) on Spawning Success, Fecundity, Fertilization Success and Survival Rate in Goldfish Carassius auratus
M. K. Ra'iatpishe B. Mojazi Amiri S. H. Mousavi Sabet Z. Moradkhani S. MohebbiIn this investigation effectiveness of a Gonadotropin hormone (GnRHa) and Carp pituitary extract (CPE) on spawning success, fecundity, fertilization success and survival rate in Goldfish Carassius auratus were studied. The brood stocks of Goldfish were divided to MoreIn this investigation effectiveness of a Gonadotropin hormone (GnRHa) and Carp pituitary extract (CPE) on spawning success, fecundity, fertilization success and survival rate in Goldfish Carassius auratus were studied. The brood stocks of Goldfish were divided to 5 treatments were injected as follows: 10µg/kg BW GnRHa and 20µg/kg BW GnRHa and 3mg/kg BW CPE and 5mg/kg BW CPE. The females were injected in 2 times (with 12 hours distance) and the males were injected once (simultaneous with second injection of females). Finally, in the fishes that received hormones, all of them were ready for spawning, but non of control group’s fishes was ready for spawning. Total achievable eggs in hormonal treatment fishes on sequence in 10 µg/kgBW GnRHa, 20 µg/kgBW GnRHa, 3 mg/kgBW CPE & 5 mg/kgBW CPE were ±211057.81, ±255741.51, ±196255.07 & 65±2429.01. Fertilizibility of the treatments on sequence were1399.2±47.55, 1772.7848±.47, 1179.5±49.19 & 1590.3±38.52. Hatchability of the treatments on sequence were 1206±32.96, 1491.4±36.83, 982.8±53.53 &1395.5±32.23 and the survival rates of larvae were 1092.9±33.41, 1336.17±41.3, 880.62±54.43 & 1230.74±32.89. Results showed that hormonal (CPE and GnRHa) induced propagation of Goldfish was successful. Relative fecundity, fertilizibility, hatchability and survival rates of larvae were not significantly different between treatments 1 and 3 and between treatments 2 and 4 (P<0.05) respectively. Dunnet test was showed significant differences among control and treatment groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - An Investigation on reproducation stages of Perca fluviatilis in Anzali Lagoon
A. Ashja Ardalan A. Vosooghi L. SadeghThis study was carried out in the Anzali Lagoon From 2007 to 2008 on Perca fluviatilis (Percidae). The sampling was monthly and samples were collected by Gillnet. 254 specimens of perca fluviatilis were caught. The measured parameters were: Tl, Fl. body weight, sex, go MoreThis study was carried out in the Anzali Lagoon From 2007 to 2008 on Perca fluviatilis (Percidae). The sampling was monthly and samples were collected by Gillnet. 254 specimens of perca fluviatilis were caught. The measured parameters were: Tl, Fl. body weight, sex, gonad weight and egg diameter. Mean Fork length and body weight for males & females were 188 .4 mm, 116078gr respectively. In this study, 7 maturation stages were recognized; the most samples were at first stage (39.4%). We could recognize sexuality in 251 specimens. Males were %37 percent and females % 63 percent of the catch. The sex – ratio was, F: M = 1.7:1. The range of egg diameter was measured 14 to 42.25 , and the average of egg diameter has been 28.3±8.19 . The absolute Fecundity was estimated to be 35942.93 eggs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Frequency of mating type alleles in Alternaria alternata isolated from citrus products collected from South of Iran based on PCR
Alireza Niazmand Shahab HajmansoorBackground & Objectives: Sexual stage of Alternaria alternata has not been discovered yet. However, high levels of phenotypic and genetic diversity have been reported in different populations of A. alternata. In other Ascomycetes similar to this species, sexual repr MoreBackground & Objectives: Sexual stage of Alternaria alternata has not been discovered yet. However, high levels of phenotypic and genetic diversity have been reported in different populations of A. alternata. In other Ascomycetes similar to this species, sexual reproduction is controlled by a single locus, named MAT1, with two alleles MAT1-1 and MAT 1-2. The aims of this research were identification of frequency and distribution of both alleles of MAT1in A. alternata population of citrus collected from South of Iran. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, DNA was extracted from young mycelia of 45 isolates of A. alternata that previously were collected and isolated directly from different species and cultivars of the citrus plants showing leaf spot disease symptoms in different orchards of Southern region of Iran using CTAB method. Mating types were determined using specific primer sets for MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs and PCR assay. Results: A 642 bp amplicon and a 882 bp amplicon were amplified pecificlly for Mat1-1Mat1-2 isolates, respectively. No equal frequency of both mating type idiomorphs were observed in studied samples. Totally 16 and 29 isolates showed the presence of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 idiomorphs, respectively. Unequal frequency of both idiomorphs was observed in the citrus species and cultivars collected from different regions. Conclusion: It seems that unknown factors are involved in sexual induction of A. alternata in some regions and citrus hosts in South of Iran. Manuscript profile -
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25 - تأثیر فاکتور سن بر شاخص های تولید مثلی مولدین پرورشی قزل آلای رنگین کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum , 1972 )
سمیه شمس پور حسین خارا -
Open Access Article
26 - پویایی جمعیت و زیست شناسی تولید مثل گل خورک یال دار (Boleophthalmus dussumieri, Valenciennes, 1837) درخوریات استان هرمزگان، خلیج فارس
علی سالارپوری محمد رضا طاهری زاده سیامک بهزادی محمد درویشی -
Open Access Article
27 - اثرات کوتاه و بلند مدت پروژسترون درمانی ترکیبی با PMSG بر روی میزان باروری میش های نژاد قزل در فصل تولید مثل
قادر نجفیهدف این تحقیق مقایسه کارایی درمان پروژسترونی کوتاه مدت و بلند مدت بر روی میزان باروری میش های قزل در فصل تولید مثلی بود. 40 میش در قالب طرح آزمایشی بلوک های تصادفی در دو پروتکل هم زمان سازی فحلی ( کوتاه مدت 7 روزه و بلند مدت 12 روزه) و هر پروتکل با 20 میش مورد استفاده ق Moreهدف این تحقیق مقایسه کارایی درمان پروژسترونی کوتاه مدت و بلند مدت بر روی میزان باروری میش های قزل در فصل تولید مثلی بود. 40 میش در قالب طرح آزمایشی بلوک های تصادفی در دو پروتکل هم زمان سازی فحلی ( کوتاه مدت 7 روزه و بلند مدت 12 روزه) و هر پروتکل با 20 میش مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. درمان پروژسترونی شامل یک اسفنج واژنی محتوی 30 میلی گرم فلوئوروجستون استات (FGA) بود که به مدت 7 روز و 12 روز در واژن میش ها قرار داده شد. پس از آن در روز های 5 و 10 پروتکل ها 5/0 میلی لیتر Clo Pg و 400 واحد بین المللی PMSG به شیوه عضلانی به همه میش ها تزریق شد. درصد استروس, نرخ آبستنی و نرخ بره زایی در گروه درمانی کوتاه مدت به ترتیب 80 % ، 75 % و 56.25 % و در گروه درمانی بلند مدت به ترتیب 95 % ، 84.21 % و 73.68 % حاصل گردید. نرخ دوقلوزایی در پروتکل های درمانی کوتاه مدت و طولانی مدت تفاوتی نداشتند (1.44 در برابر 1.50). تفاوت معنی داری در پاسخ های باروری دربین پروتکل ها مشاهده نگردید (05/0<P). پروژسترون درمانی کوتاه مدت در هم زمان سازی فحلی میش های قزل در فصل تولید مثل موثر بود. لیکن در مقایسه پروتکل ها، پروتکل طولانی مدت نتایج بهتری را در درصد استروس، نرخ آبستنی و نرخ زایش در میش های قزل نشان داد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Biological study of reproduction in (Capoeta capeota gracilis) in south coasts of Caspian sea Mazandaran Province (Tajan River)
هومن شجیعی حسن فضلی ندا بانیBlack fish (Capoeta capoeta gracilis) is a valuable fish in fisheries industry, that exist in south coasts of Caspian Sea specially in Mazandaran province. In this research 180 pieces of fishes were studied about reproduction biology between 1386-1387 in Tajan River fro MoreBlack fish (Capoeta capoeta gracilis) is a valuable fish in fisheries industry, that exist in south coasts of Caspian Sea specially in Mazandaran province. In this research 180 pieces of fishes were studied about reproduction biology between 1386-1387 in Tajan River from south coasts of Caspian Sea in Mazandaran province. In this study biological factors related with reproduction for example: the variations of Gonad somatic index sex ratio, average fecundity and sex maturing stages have carried to account the main objectives. The maximum of GSIwas in April and may (spawning time) and the minimum was in October, November and December .GSI in spring and summer greater than autumn and winter. Like wise with age increasing the GSI increases consequently and the increasing gradient was more in premature stages in comparison with maturity. Sex maturing stages in different months were proportional with GSI and with age increasing the amount of maturity was higher subsequently. The maximum of GSI in male fishes were at ages 3-4 years and in females were 2-3 years. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Evaluation of Clinical Mastitis on reproductive performance of Holstein cows
, M. Shams مهران Farhoudi, داوود Naseri, Gh Babai, اورنگ Ataee, , A Pour aliThe objective of this study was to determine the effects of clinical mastitis on reproductive performance in Holstein dairycows in IRAN. Therefore we collected data from one large dairy farm (4200 dairy cows) from March 2008 until June 2010.The animals were divided into MoreThe objective of this study was to determine the effects of clinical mastitis on reproductive performance in Holstein dairycows in IRAN. Therefore we collected data from one large dairy farm (4200 dairy cows) from March 2008 until June 2010.The animals were divided into two groups according to ccurrence of mastitis as follows: clinical mastitis cows which occurredbefore pregnancy as group I (n = 1248), cows without any mastitis selected as control, group II (n = 1347), then collectedinformation were analyzed using SPSS.various reproductive indices such as the days of calving to frst services (DFS), calving to conception interval (CCI) servicesper conception (S/C), pregnancy percent in various intervals( 120 &150 days) after calving(PP<120,PP<150) and mastitisprevalence in various seasons and months of the year were analyzed and compared with control group. Also the pregnancyrate of services almost two months before and after mastitis was studied. Then we used T test, chi square and Anova test toanalyze two groups. Based on our results, in this study the great prevalence of mastitis was in summer and the least in winter(P≥ 0.001).And also the great prevalence of mastitis was in September( Shahrivar )and the least was in march (Esfand)(P≥ 0.001). Results indicated the undesirable reproductive indices in the mastitis cows compared with the control group.Statistical analysis of results showed that there is a signifcant difference between two groups (mastitis vs control) (P≥ 0.001)in the most instances, such as DFS ,CCI , S/C , PP<120 , PP<150 , as DFS: 63 days vs. 43 days, CCI: 203 days vs. 82 days,S/C: 3.6 vs. 1.8, PP<120: 31% vs. 80%, PP<150: 45% vs. 88% respectively. Manuscript profile
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