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Open Access Article
1 - Study of Life Quality Mental Indices in the Communities (Case Study: District 18 of Tehran)
Soheila Halajian Farah HabibQuality of life as one of the basic concepts in the studies of sustainable development is used in various sciences in objective and subjective aspects and has recently entered the Urban Development debates, too. Studies related to this concept differ in several aspects MoreQuality of life as one of the basic concepts in the studies of sustainable development is used in various sciences in objective and subjective aspects and has recently entered the Urban Development debates, too. Studies related to this concept differ in several aspects such as the scale of study, scopes, and methods of measurement used in the assessment of the quality of life, as different methods have been used for the study of the life quality in urban districts. However, no comprehensive framework has yet been presented for the study of life quality based on physical, local and social indices. On the other hand, the quality of life is often measured by using subjective and objective indices, and rarely by using them both. Subjective indices are obtained from surveys of perceptions, evaluations and life satisfaction of urban residents, while objective indices are related to observable facts often obtained from secondary data. In addition, theories and empirical studies of quality of life in its present form have mainly originated from Western societies. The studies in developing countries are significantly low. Similarly, major factors affecting the life quality in developing countries have not been clearly identified. Many attempts have been made in the past three decades to measure the quality of life around the world. Researchers and different institutions have proposed various indices, but it seems that the advantages and disadvantages of each of these indices have not been evaluated by a certain method. Objective indices are measured on the basis of abundance or physical quantities such as income, but subjective indices are measured qualitatively based on psychological responses such as job satisfaction and happiness. Traditionally, in recent past, GDP was used as the only reliable indicator of well-being and economic development. However, there is a broad consensus that the increase in GDP does not necessarily improve the life quality. At present, one of the measurements of life quality has been the Human Development Index used by the United Nations since 1990 which is based on three factors of life expectancy at birth, academic success and real per capita GDP. In this study, we have tried to define the quality of life in the four neighborhoods of HosseiniFerdos, Tolidarou, Behdasht and North Valiasr by using descriptive and analytical methods to present a conceptual model. Indices used for the measurement of the life quality include the quality of the physical environment, quality of the economic environment, quality of the social environment and the quality of communication and transportation. Library documents and field methods were used to collect data based on the answers given to the questions in the questionnaires by 390 people age 16 to 65 in the above-mentioned neighborhoods selected through classification. Dimensions considered in this study are based on the American vision of mental aspects, and SPSS and Amos software were used for the analysis of data. The results indicate that the rate of mental quality in these neighborhoods are below average and it shows the life quality in these areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The Conceptual Model of Improving the Quality of the Environment in Urban Centers with Emphasizing on Policy of Transportation Demand Management
Mansoureh Fouladi Hamid Majedi Hosein Zabihi Zahra Sadat Saeideh ZarabadiNowadays in Tehran, one of the most important factors that have reduced the environmental quality of the cities historical, cultural, and tourism centers has been the growing number of private cars in the whole city. Especially in the historic city center, where has led MoreNowadays in Tehran, one of the most important factors that have reduced the environmental quality of the cities historical, cultural, and tourism centers has been the growing number of private cars in the whole city. Especially in the historic city center, where has led to increasing problems such as traffic jams and environmental pollution, which reduces the vitality and decrease the quality of the environment in the region and ultimately led to a reduction in tourist attraction to this valuable historical area (which has registered more than 177 valuable cultural-historical heritage as world heritage). Has been hence, the organs affiliated with the city's municipal administration have been implementing various traffic policies in this area to reduce their dependence on personal vehicles. In this research, using the exploratory mixed methods research method, five general dimensions for the environmental quality. Using the confirmatory factor analysis method (CFA analysis method), the effect of the policy was identified Traffic (including two punitive policies: car traffic restrictions, parking, and park management, and two incentive policies: pedestrian development and public transport development) on improving the quality of the five dimensions of transport, socio-cultural, infrastructure-Physical, Environmental and Economic center of Tehran Historical Center. The research instrument was a questionnaire, and 378 people were selected based on the Cochran formula. The questionnaire was distributed in the 12th district of Tehran (according to the historical Tehran (Tehran Safavid). The analysis of the questionnaire was done using Lisrel software. The results showed that it was vital to study five environmental qualities, then transport dimension had the most impact, and the socio-cultural dimension had the least one on the traffic policies applied in the study area. The results also indicate that the development of pedestrian development policy and public transportation development has the most effect on the quality of the public space in the historical center of Tehran. Finally, with the use of two winning traffic policies (pedestrian development policy and public transport development), suggestions have been made to improve vitality and the quality (especially in terms of environmental and socio-cultural dimensions) of the study area is given. The results of the present article are vital because of obtaining through quantitative-qualitative, exploratory research methods, field techniques and libraries, analysis of relevant conceptual models, and the instrumental use of a new social marketing approach in issues related to urban communities. Actually, many of the urban problems and the choice of travel behavioral patterns in Iran are based on the beliefs and unfavorable attitudes of citizens towards the environment around their life and city. Changing these behaviors can provide the grounds for solving traffic problems and reducing intra-city car-based travel, and consequently the realization of improving the environmental quality of urban spaces. As a result, to achieve better success in the proposal and executing the plan and for having metropolitan centers with more vitality, the use of citizen participation policy through the application of social marketing techniques, in implementing the transport demand management policies, confirmed as an optimal alternative. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Principles underlying the meaningful design of typical visual axes: An analytical-comparative approach
Mohammad Reza Pourjafar Ali Reza Sadeghi Improvement of visual – formal qualities of the urban public realm plays an important role in urban design and improving the environmental quality. Identifying, organizing, meaningful design and conservation of visual axes toward typical v More Improvement of visual – formal qualities of the urban public realm plays an important role in urban design and improving the environmental quality. Identifying, organizing, meaningful design and conservation of visual axes toward typical visual values are the key factors influencing the visual – formal quality of the urban public realm. To identify and introduce the global rules governing the meaningful design of typical intra-urban visual axes, this study was devoted to recognition of the common characteristics of such visual axes through descriptive, analytical, comparative methods of research as well as literature review and use of photo documentation. Role of the visual axis in realization of aims and theoretical principles of urban design is also considered. Results of the present study would suggest an emphasis on such necessary criteria as considering the visual axis as system with visual quality, application of topography and level difference in visual axis design, the function of view shed as a public realm which could be used publicly, a desirable constraint and appropriate body elevation to emphasize on the role of visual qualities in visual axis design, consideration of role of behavioral place in visual axis design, amplification of invitation through some specific function of the body or the end element, and employing the characterized ecological elements in design and improvement the visual axes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Investigating the Effects of Environmental Factors on Office Buildings’ Indoor Environment Quality in Iran’s Cold Climate (Case study: Kermanshah)
Maryam Ansarimanesh Nazanin Nasrollahi -
Open Access Article
5 - Omid Park Regeneration Aiming to Improve Environmental Quality in Haft Chenar District of Tehran
Negar Forouzesh Sara Nahibi Zahra Saeedeh ZarabadiBackground and Purpose: Omid Park renovation has been performed in order to increase the environmental quality and sustainable design. Method: In order to achieve the main goal, which is to revitalize and improve the quality of the environment of Omid Park, after a fie MoreBackground and Purpose: Omid Park renovation has been performed in order to increase the environmental quality and sustainable design. Method: In order to achieve the main goal, which is to revitalize and improve the quality of the environment of Omid Park, after a field visit, similar items were studied, collected and the libraries around the goal were examined. Based on the relevant references, the basic data required for the study area were prepared. Geographic data system (GIS) is a tool that was used in the analysis of primary data and its achievements were used in the design process. To identify the needs and views of residents and users of the site, questionnaires were prepared and completed by the project stakeholders. According to the analysis of spatial data and users' opinions, the weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats of the study area in this process were identified and placed in the SWOT table to be analyzed. The current research process, in addition to using the qualitative method, has also considered quantitative approaches and therefore the research method of this article is considered a combination. Findings: Regenerative approach includes improvements for damaged parks while increasing stability and environmental quality. Therefore, collected data analysis and resulting standards including cultural, social, economic, ethnicity impact and the neighboring parks standards were used for the design purposes. In addition to reducing maintenance costs, these plans can improve the quality of the environment and increase people's satisfaction. Discussion and conclusion: The result of this research can be used as a quality standard for neighborhood park designs. These designs can increase the population living in the area as well as the long-term value of a sustainable environment and urban landscape. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Providing the Optimal Urban Furniture Graphic Reading pattern in order to realize the Quality of the Environment (Case of study: District 2 of Tehran)
Katayoun Teymourian Parvaneh Zivyar seyyed Mani EsniashariOne of the most important human needs that must be answered in the context of urban life is the need for social life. Cities with a favorable visual environment are able to improve the society's mental image of itself by expanding the aesthetic experience of citizens. S MoreOne of the most important human needs that must be answered in the context of urban life is the need for social life. Cities with a favorable visual environment are able to improve the society's mental image of itself by expanding the aesthetic experience of citizens. Strengthen their civic pride. District 2 of Tehran Municipality is one of the largest urban areas of Tehran, which has many extra-urban uses. Due to the existence of such uses, the volume of traffic and travel within the city to region 2 is very high; For this reason, it is important in the discussion of the concept of environmental graphics and urban furniture. The purpose of the present research is to present the optimal urban furniture graphic reading model in order to realize the quality of the environment in the 2nd district of Tehran as a densely populated area. The research method that governs the research is the mixed method (quantitative-qualitative) and in terms of the purpose, it is an applied research type. The collection of research data has been done in library form and through survey studies and review of theoretical research literature. In the final stage, the data was analyzed using the Friedman test and t-test, and among the indicators affecting the environmental graphics, the index of urban elements with a value of 2.25 and the index of drawn paintings are among the indicators affecting urban furniture. With different colors on the walls with a value of 1.45 respectively, the highest and lowest indicators of the environmental graphics of the area have been recognized. The urban furniture elements of the range lack the necessary efficiency for the citizens. Monitoring the design, construction and location of urban elements and urban furniture designed in the studied area is low in terms of common standards. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Explaining Social Criteria in Measuring Urban Environment Quality with Emphasis on Physical activity (Case study: Hijab Neighborhood)
Helia Sareminia -
Open Access Article
8 - Research on the environmental quality of the western region of the country from an archaeological perspective and its role in the development of rural tourism
Ali Zolfaghari Saeid Salehi Marzijani Mahmoud TeymouriOne of the most important destinations that has affected the world's tourism trends over the past decades is rural centers. The growth of short-term trips has transformed these destinations into major tourist centers, and this phenomenon is evident in the decrease MoreOne of the most important destinations that has affected the world's tourism trends over the past decades is rural centers. The growth of short-term trips has transformed these destinations into major tourist centers, and this phenomenon is evident in the decrease in the average length of stay of tourists in many destinations worldwide. Villages are multi-purpose tourist destinations and play a significant role as centers of tourism activity. Archaeology has made significant contributions to the understanding of past cultures and civilizations and has brought fresh perspectives to the social sciences and arts. The methods of conducting archaeological research and the process of reaching desired results are of considerable interest to the general public, especially those who are interested in sensory and tangible exploration; therefore, the best approach to popularize archaeology is to establish its connection with tourism. Tourism shares common fields of knowledge and activities with archaeology and has made significant efforts in the development, preservation, revitalization, and enhancement of structures and monuments resulting from archaeological activities. Now, due to the common issues between archaeology and tourism, they can establish a close relationship in the cultural field. This research aims to focus on ancient and historical works as tourist attractions and as factors generating income and long-term development needs in this sector, which leads to the necessary groundwork for the sustainable development of tourism based on a historical and cultural approach. This analysis is a mixed methodological approach based on observation, interviews, questionnaires, and statistical data Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Thermal comfort evaluation of occupants in recently built buildings in the mountainous area of humid and moderate climate during the summer (case Study: Ali Abad Katul)
milad Karimi Shahin Heidari Seyed Majid Mofidi ShemiraniIn this article, we examine the thermal comfort levels of residents living in new facilities in the mountainous area of Aliabad Katul in the Golestan province. This area has its own climatic conditions and is influenced by moderate climate conditions due to its location MoreIn this article, we examine the thermal comfort levels of residents living in new facilities in the mountainous area of Aliabad Katul in the Golestan province. This area has its own climatic conditions and is influenced by moderate climate conditions due to its location in the southern region of the Caspian Sea. Golestan is located in the temperate and humid region of the shores of the Caspian Sea. The more we move to the east on the southern shores of the Caspian Sea, the less humidity and rainfall. In this area, the average temperature is between 25 and 30 degrees Celsius in summer and 0 and 5 degrees Celsius in winter. The four selected buildings are located in the mountainous area of Rig Cheshme and are built on two floors and the second floor is 3 meters above the ground, and each floor has an area of 45 square meters. The south porch is 10.3 meters in length and 2.95 meters in width. Most of the primary openings are located in this area of the building, which also serves as the main entry to the units. These buildings have one bedroom, one bathroom and six openings. These buildings were chosen for the study because all the new buildings in the area was strikingly similar to them in terms of construction techniques, materials, and their floor plans. The sole heating source in the main room is a wood fireplace, while the only cooling source in the building is a ceiling fan. These buildings are influenced by the local traditional architecture, including broad porches on the southern side that face the valley. In this study, the participants' comfort levels were assessed, and their opinions were gathered utilizing the assembled questionnaires. Two data loggers were also employed to capture the relative humidity and air temperature of the inside and outside environments at the same time the questionnaires were being completed. For one week in July, the hours for collecting opinions and gathering data were 10:00–18:00. Since July has the warmest weather of the year, there is a higher than usual demand for cooling solutions during this month. One data logger is placed outside (on the south porch and in the shade) at a height of 1.2 meters, while the other is placed inside the residences in the center of the room at the same height. Cross ventilation was set up and air flow speed was monitored during the data collection period in order to examine the impact of air flow intensity on relative humidity and air temperature within the building. The volume of the questionnaire was set at 100 since this study was conducted in high-altitude regions and in Ali Abad Katul villages with a population of less than 1000 people. These questionnaires were not passed out to those under the age of 18 or those over the age of 60 in order to validate the research's findings, and the ones they filled out were also removed. considering the area's limited population, 87 completed questionnaires were chosen for this study. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were checked using the SPSS 26 program. We utilized the Cronbach's alpha test for this reason; the Cronbach's alpha value is equal to 0.816, which shows moderate and acceptable reliability, when examining at questions on the same spectrum concerning people's responses to their thermal sensations and reactions. The surveys gather information on people's age, body mass index (BMI), length of residency, thermal sensation, thermal expectations, sources of discomfort in the space, and hours of discomfort. Finally, the findings were examined by investigating various aspects of people's comfort levels. According to the study's findings, those who had lived in the area for a longer time were more adapted to its environmental conditions, and a factor like clothing had no impact on whether they felt comfortable or uncomfortable. The day's maximum temperature occurred in the afternoon, and the presence of high relative humidity in the air and a lack of natural ventilation are two factors that led to people's discomfort. For this study, the regression slope is 0.329, the neutral temperature is 26.1°C, and the acceptable range is 22.9°C to 29.5°C (for the 90% of people's comfort). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Structural models for measuring the dimensions of citizens' residential satisfaction with the quality of urban living environment (Case study: Nurabad city)
rasol heidary Kamran Dowlatyarian Mohsen ShaterianAppropriate quality environment creates a sense of well-being and satisfaction for its residents through physical or social and symbolic characteristics. In fact, satisfaction with residential quality means assessing the environment in relation to the needs and desires MoreAppropriate quality environment creates a sense of well-being and satisfaction for its residents through physical or social and symbolic characteristics. In fact, satisfaction with residential quality means assessing the environment in relation to the needs and desires of citizens of the residential unit, neighborhood and residential area Is. The sample size was estimated using Cochran's formula 382 and the reliability of the research tool was calculated using Cronbach's alpha with a value of 0.920, which indicates the desirability of the research tool. T-test was used for descriptive and inferential analysis of data and structural equation modeling in SPSS and AMOS software was used to explain and model the effects. The results of one-sample t-test showed that the status of all indicators of urban environmental quality in the study area is not in an acceptable situation and all indicators are below average with an average of 34.2. Structural equation modeling was also used to identify and evaluate the components of urban living environment quality. The results of the second-order factor model showed that giving importance to residential satisfaction indicators in the study area increased the health index by 0.85, service index by 0.83, residential index by 0.82, transportation index and Urban management is 0.79 and the reduction of environmental problems is 0.14. Finally, it was found that there is a direct and significant relationship between the quality of urban living environment and residential satisfaction of residents of neighborhoods. Manuscript profile
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