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        1 - The effect of play therapy on self-esteem and social adjustment of mentally retarded students
        Hasan Alikhani Zahra   Ramezani Asieh   Mirzaaghajani Narjes Sayari
        Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of play therapy on self-esteem and social adjustment of mentally retarded students. Methods: The research method was of an experimental type with two experimental and control group More
        Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of play therapy on self-esteem and social adjustment of mentally retarded students. Methods: The research method was of an experimental type with two experimental and control groups with pre-test and post-test. The statistical population included all female students with mental retardation in the elementary school of Rasht city with a population size of 200 people who were studying in the academic year 2022-2023, out of which 30 people were randomly selected in two experimental and control groups by available sampling method. became The tools used in this study were Gresham and Elliott's (1990) social skill rating scale and Cooper Smith's (1967) self-esteem questionnaire, which were used in both groups in the pre-test and post-test stages. In this study, the participants of the experimental group were trained in 8 sessions of 60 minutes, by the method of play therapy, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Data analysis was done by statistical test of covariance with software (SPSS-22). Results: The results of the covariance analysis of post-test scores in self-respect and social adjustment showed a significant difference between the groups (P<0.001). Conclusions: The findings showed that the play therapy method has improved the self-esteem and social adjustment of mentally retarded children. Therefore, it is suggested to integrate play therapy training as one of the solutions for the treatment of communication problems of mentally retarded people in the educational programs of mentally retarded students. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - A Study on the Role of Self-Esteem and Self-Effectiveness for the Relation between Islamic Life Style and Social Adaptation among the Youth in Mashhad
        Zeinab Toulabi Saied Samadi Fatemeh Motaharinezhad
      • Open Access Article

        3 - The Role of Environmental Participation in Improving the Level of Social Health of Shirvan Citizens
        fatemeh raouf Mohammad Motamedi aliakbar poorahmad
        In the new international evaluation, social health and social capital are considered as one of the important indicators of development, because the health of the individual and the society are so interdependent that it is impossible to set boundaries between them. A soc More
        In the new international evaluation, social health and social capital are considered as one of the important indicators of development, because the health of the individual and the society are so interdependent that it is impossible to set boundaries between them. A socially healthy citizen is considered to be a valuable person in the society and can easily participate in city affairs. Therefore, the current research seeks to investigate the effect of environmental participation of the citizens of Shirvan in order to increase the social health of the citizens. descriptive-analytical method was used. The statistical population in this research is the residents of Shirvan city, which was obtained as a statistical sample of 384 people using Cochran's formula. Linear regression tests and partial square analysis were used to investigate the effect of the independent variable (citizens' environmental participation) on the dependent variable (social health) and the results of the two tests show that the effect is highly significant. The findings of the research showed that in the dimension of environmental participation with a value of 4.15, it has a high average, and among the dimensions of the social health index, in order, the dimension of social cohesion with an average value of 4.75, social acceptance with a value of 4.69, social prosperity with The value of 4.55 and social participation with the value of 4.10 have the highest averages, and then social adaptation with the value of 3.87 has obtained the lowest average. PLS &nbsp;statistical test was used to measure the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Manuscript profile