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    • List of Articles ملک تاج خسروی

      • Open Access Article

        1 - Iran’s Foreign Policy Approach towards Middle East Regional Order and Security under 11th Government
        Malektaj Khosravi
        Abstract: The Middle East region and its sub-system, i.e. the Persian Gulf, are known as a unique region enjoying international importance for possession of energy resources on the one hand and for its outstanding geopolitical, geostrategic and geo-economic position on More
        Abstract: The Middle East region and its sub-system, i.e. the Persian Gulf, are known as a unique region enjoying international importance for possession of energy resources on the one hand and for its outstanding geopolitical, geostrategic and geo-economic position on the other. History of developments in the Middle East over the past decades shows that provision of order, security and stability, has been the main priority of the countries in this region and trans-regional powers. The Islamic Republic of Iran in different periods has adopted different approaches vis-à-vis the Middle East region and the question of order. The main goal of this research is Iran’s Foreign Policy Approach towards ME Regional Order under 11th Government. With the coming to power of the 11th government, the outlook of Iran's foreign policy apparatus towards order changed from one of opposition to one of interaction. The Rouhani administration has tried to reshape the regional sustainable order within the framework of a policy of détente and constructive interaction. This research with using descriptive-analysis method is seeking to respond to one main question: What is Iran’s foreign policy approach towards the regional order in the Middle East under the 11th government? Also by analyzing data to conclude that the 11th government has adopted a policy of sustainable regional order based on détente. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - The Future of Iraq and Its Related Scenarios (2010 - 2020)
        Malektaj Khosravi Khosravi Ehsan Khosbani Yazdani
        Since the Second World War up to now and in contemporary political history, Iraq was one of the most challenging countries in south west Asia (Middle East). Unmistakable, determinant and important role of Iraq in political conditions in geopolitics of the region is one More
        Since the Second World War up to now and in contemporary political history, Iraq was one of the most challenging countries in south west Asia (Middle East). Unmistakable, determinant and important role of Iraq in political conditions in geopolitics of the region is one of the main reasons of these challenges. Like the past, Iraq has the key and determinant role in the current developments of the region. This role will lead to interest and actions conflict among different regional and international powers in this supersensitive region. The main objective of this research is the future of Iraq with respect to political and security conditions of this country. In the context of secondary objectives we can refer to influence of internal, regional and international actors in Iraq’s current developments, predicting territorial future of Iraq and feasibility study of Iraq’s disintegration. Researcher based on the future studies, with respect to the type of current trends and also through the game theory, surveyed the subject. Within analyzing the subject, the role of different actors and alter ant factors in geopolitical scene of Iraq and its impacts on the future and territorial integrity of Iraq is surveyed. Finally after planning probable scenarios about disintegration or non-disintegration of Iraq through the next decade, the future of this country is anticipated as follows: 1- Iraq disintegration scenario 2- Iraq civil war scenario3- democratic and square distribution of power scenario.  At last, the position of actors in respect to mentioned scenarios, before and after ISIS outbreak in Iraq as well as determinant factors of actors’ role in Geopolitical scene of Iraq are surveyed. And finally the result of this research is that: disintegration of Iraq through the next decade is not possible. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - The Impact of the New Left in Latin America on Political Security Relations between these Countries and the U. S. A
        Malektaj Khosravi Ahmad Sanadgol
        Abstract The Political developments which have transpired in the last decade in Latin America specially with the emergence of leaders like Hugo Rafael Chávez in Venezuela, Lula da Silva in Brazil, Evo Morales in Bolivia, Rafael Correa in Ecuador and other leftis More
        Abstract The Political developments which have transpired in the last decade in Latin America specially with the emergence of leaders like Hugo Rafael Chávez in Venezuela, Lula da Silva in Brazil, Evo Morales in Bolivia, Rafael Correa in Ecuador and other leftist leaders in that region as well as an independent approach that theses countries have adopted toward the U.S. policies in order to challenge this country's political security domination in Latin America caused the issue entitled the "The Impact of the New Left in Latin America on Political Security Relations between these Countries and the United States of America" to be the focus of the present study. This study attempts to expound policies and plans such as the Monroe Doctrine, Operation Condor, and the FTAA plan which the U.S. was pursuing in the region in line with its neo-liberalist policies. It is also tried in this study to delve into why and how leftist Latin American governments opposing the U.S. have come to exist. This study also aims to look into the impacts that the new and different approach has on the political security relations of these countries with the U.S. which on one hand is considered as the main reason behind the regional integration and the formation of unions such as ALBA and UNASUR, and on the other hand, have brought about the presence of the US competitors in the field of security such as Russia, China, the European Union and the Islamic Republic of Iran which in turn has resulted in the decline of the U.S's security influence in a region which the U.S., in a not-so-distant past, referred to as its backyard.         Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - Evaluating the Role of the Clergy in the Oil Industry Nationalization Movement in Iran
        Malektaj Khosravi Zahra Masoud
        Abstract The second social transformation in Iran after the constitution revolution is the oil nationalization movement and its relevant developments. Oil industry nationalization movement was the most important anti-colonial movement in the Middle East during 1950s. Na More
        Abstract The second social transformation in Iran after the constitution revolution is the oil nationalization movement and its relevant developments. Oil industry nationalization movement was the most important anti-colonial movement in the Middle East during 1950s. Nationalization of oil industry was a turning point in the Iranian contemporary history in which several elements contributed and it can be said that oil industry nationalization was fulfilled by the coalition of all religious and national forces and political and allied groups against colonialism and dictatorship. In this respect, the important and critical role of the clergy should not be neglected. The role of Ayatollah Kashani, the measures taken by Fadaeian Islam Group and Navab Safavi and the fatwas of Islamic scientists were among the exemplary measures taken by the clergy in that time. But having a look at the role and position of the clergy in that period of time tells us that it is a complex and contradictory role with offending and sometimes contradictory tendencies. This has provided the ground for contradictory interpretations. This study deals with evaluating the role of the clergy in that process. It evaluates the reasons of different interpretations and tendencies of the clergy towards oil industry nationalization while evaluating their political and social conditions. It should be noted that putting an emphasis on the role of the clergy shall never be deemed as denial of the role of other political forces and groups in the fulfillment of oil industry nationalization process.     Manuscript profile