List of Articles Jalal Gholamnezhad

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  1 - Evaluation of biological control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum using different isolates of Trichoderma harzianum antagonist and activation of defense mechanisms of cucumber plant
  kaveh javanshirjavid Hamid Reza Alizadeh Jalal Gholamnezhad
  20.1001.1.22518371.1399.9.2.1.6
  Root and stem rot of cucumber with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum is one of the most harmful diseases in cucumber greenhouses in Iran. Chemical fungicides do not have the acceptable ability to control this pathogen. Also, due to their economic costs and a More

  Root and stem rot of cucumber with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum is one of the most harmful diseases in cucumber greenhouses in Iran. Chemical fungicides do not have the acceptable ability to control this pathogen. Also, due to their economic costs and adverse effects on the environment, the use of biocontrol agents in the control plant diseases has been considered in recent years. Trichoderma antagonist isolates has been shown to be an effective biocontrol agent against a wide range of fungal pathogens. In this study, the effect of Trichoderma isolates on root rot and cucumber rot fungi was investigated. Three Trichoderma isolates were obtained from the mycology collection of the Department of Plant Protection, University of Tehran. Mean peroxidase activity (POX) as a marker of induced resistance was measured using a spectrophotometer. Also, the effect of Trichoderma isolates on disease control in greenhouse conditions was determined by soaking the soil with spore suspension of antagonist and fungal pathogen. All three Trichoderma isolates T11, T6 and T9 have an acceptable effect on growth inhibition of F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum. T11 and T9 isolates showed 85.51% and 81.03% inhibition of mycelial growth of F42 strain, respectively. Peroxidase activity was assessed within seven days after inoculation. The highest peroxidase activity was observed on the fourth day in T11 isolate. Based on the results obtained in this study, it can be concluded that T11 isolate (T. harizianum T11) had the greatest effect among Trichoderma isolates in inducing resistance. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Investigating the effect of lavender essence on dry bubble disease in Agaricus bisporus
  Jalal Gholamnezhad mahmoud Alahyari mojdeh maleki
  20.1001.1.22518371.1397.7.2.5.6
  Edible mushrooms are exposed to various diseases and pests that cause a serious reduction in yield. Dry bubble disease caused by Lecanicillium fungicola (Preuss) Zare and Gams is one of the most important diseases that causes damage to edible fungi. Due to the fact that More

  Edible mushrooms are exposed to various diseases and pests that cause a serious reduction in yield. Dry bubble disease caused by Lecanicillium fungicola (Preuss) Zare and Gams is one of the most important diseases that causes damage to edible fungi. Due to the fact that a small number of fungicides are currently available to fight against fungal diseases, on the other hand, the overall resistance of Gia lavender fungi as an alternative to controlling oral fungal diseases. In this study, the effect of lavender essential oil was tested by two methods of mixing with culture medium and application of paper disc on the fungus causing dry bubble disease and edible fungus. In another part of the study, the effect of this essential oil on pathogenic fungi in storage and on edible mushrooms was investigated. The results of the essential oil mixing test with the culture medium showed that the essential oil of lavender in the concentration of 1000 ppm prevented the growth of pathogenic fungi by 89.25%. In the case of edible fungi, the highest inhibition of growth was related to the concentration of 1000 ppm essential oil of lavender and the control percentage was 65.23%. The results of the paper disk test showed that all the concentrations used in this study were able to reduce the growth rate of the pathogenic fungus. The highest inhibition rate was 1000 ppm and 83.12%. The results of the warehouse test showed that lavender essential oil increased the number of healthy fungi by 67.162% compared to the control by 7.30%. According to the results of laboratory and warehouse tests of lavender essential oil, they showed a high capacity to control diseases of edible fungi, especially dry bubbles. Manuscript profile
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  3 - The investigation of the effect of the acidity and elements nutrition on greenhouse cucumber seedling damping-off disease caused by Phytophthora drechsleriTucker
  Jalal Gholamnezhad Mostafa Shirmardi
  20.1001.1.22518371.1395.5.3.2.1
  The most important plant diseases of greenhouse plants is damping off by Phytophthora sp., the disease caused the most damage to these plants. The disease is distributed in the most parts of Iran, and it causes plant losses in about 25%. This disease is affected by envi More

  The most important plant diseases of greenhouse plants is damping off by Phytophthora sp., the disease caused the most damage to these plants. The disease is distributed in the most parts of Iran, and it causes plant losses in about 25%. This disease is affected by environmental stresses. However, the management of these environmental factors, such as nutrition, salinity and acidity of soil could have an effective role on reducing disease. In this research, it was studied the effect of growth medium acidity on pathogen growth inhibition and the effect of some nutrients associated with the composition of changing of acidity, too. The results showed the effects of acidity on pathogen growth had significant difference between different treatments. KOH and HNO3had the highest (64.58%) and the lowest (26.25%) inhibitory effect on the pathogen growth, respectively. the results of the effect of nutrient solutions test showed that adding nutrient solution reduced the percent of damping off significantly compared to control in both Negin and Sina varieties. KNO3 had the highest reduction of damping off in both varieties of cucumber. K2SO4and KCl had most effective after potassium nitrate, and NH4NO3 showed the least effect. Based on the findings of the current study, it seems that improving plant nutrition could be a good way to reduce cucumber damping due to P. drechsleri. Manuscript profile
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  4 - The application of reverse genetics in plant pathology
  Jalal Gholamnezhad
  20.1001.1.22518371.1394.4.3.7.9
  Reduced cost of genome sequencing of organisms has led to increased number of sequenced genes. But the performance of these genes hasn’t been sequenced yet. However using comparative genetics and bioinformatics has been identified for investigation of sequenced ge More

  Reduced cost of genome sequencing of organisms has led to increased number of sequenced genes. But the performance of these genes hasn’t been sequenced yet. However using comparative genetics and bioinformatics has been identified for investigation of sequenced genes function, the interpretation of these genes functions is a challenge. In this regard, sequencing of a large number of fungal plant pathogens and oomycete genomes has been completed. The next major challenge in modern fungal/oomycete biology is to translate the huge amount of genome sequence information into biological functions. Reverse genetics has emerged as a seminal tool for functional genomics investigations. Utilized techniques for reverse genetics like targeted gene disruption/replacement, gene silencing, insertional mutagenesis, and targeting induced local lesions in genomes, will contribute greatly to the understanding of gene function of fungal and oomycete pathogens. This study reviews the reverse genetics approaches which are used to study fungal genomes Manuscript profile
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  5 - Preformed antimicrobial compounds in plant against plant pathogenic agents
  Jalal Gholamnezhad
  20.1001.1.22518371.1394.4.4.7.1
  Plants produce a large number of anti-fungal materials. Many of these compounds are structural and are present in plants normally. The pathogen can cause disease that pass of the barrier of these compounds. On the other hand, there are compounds in plants that are inact More

  Plants produce a large number of anti-fungal materials. Many of these compounds are structural and are present in plants normally. The pathogen can cause disease that pass of the barrier of these compounds. On the other hand, there are compounds in plants that are inactive in the normal mode, this compounds was called phytoalexins. The phytoalexins are broad spectrum inhibitors and are chemically diverse with different characteristic types of particular plant species. Phytoanticipin distribution in plants often performed specifically and the concentration of these compounds in the outer cell layers of plant tissues were high. Studies on phytoanticipins are often done by focusing on the mutant plants. Phytoanticipins are divided in two groups, compounds with low and high molecular weight. Low molecular weight compounds include phenols and quinones, the unsaturated lactone, sulfur compounds, saponins, cyanogenic glycosides and terpenoids. High molecular weight compounds including tannins and proteins. In this study, it was studied the compounds plant defense against pathogen stress. Manuscript profile