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Open Access Article
1 - Prevalence of virulence factors in Enterococus faecalis isolated from hamburger
Razeyeh Mehdeyan الهه Tajbakhsh zahra bamzahehEnterococci are microorganisms that are mainly found in the intestines. Their high presence in food can be a cause of fecal contamination and they are isolated from various foods such as: vegetables, meat, etc. Among the food, hamburger is one of the products that is us MoreEnterococci are microorganisms that are mainly found in the intestines. Their high presence in food can be a cause of fecal contamination and they are isolated from various foods such as: vegetables, meat, etc. Among the food, hamburger is one of the products that is used by hand and widely by people. In this study, 50 hamburger samples were examined for biochemical and molecular methods for the presence of Enterococcus faecalis. In order to detect virulence genes in the presence of specific primer pairs, PCR reaction temperature program was performed. In this study, out of 50 samples, 33 samples (66%) were infected with E. faecalis. Of 33 E. faecalis isolates isolated from hamburgers, efaA reported in 8 isolates (24.24%), cylA reported in 15 isolates (45.45%), gel E reported in 9 isolates (27.27%), esp reported in 2 isolates (6.06%), agg reported in 2 isolates (6.06%), and aca, asa and cyl B were not observed in any of the isolates. Enterococci and coliforms are considered as two important health indicators. Considering that the high presence of enterococci in food can be a reason for fecal contamination, the results of this study indicate high contamination of burgers offered in Shahrekord city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - winter 2021
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Open Access Article
3 - Removal of aflatoxin M1 from milk by adding probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus, L. plantarum, and Saccharomyces boulardii
reza khadivi boroujeni vadood razavilar Seyed Amir Ali Anvar behruz Akbari ArdaganiThe current study aimed at removing aflatoxin (0.5 and 0.75 ng/mL) from the reconstituted milk by adding three probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus, L. plantarum and Saccharomyces boulardii in the cell concentration of 107 and 109 CFU/mL at 4°C and 37°C within 30 MoreThe current study aimed at removing aflatoxin (0.5 and 0.75 ng/mL) from the reconstituted milk by adding three probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus, L. plantarum and Saccharomyces boulardii in the cell concentration of 107 and 109 CFU/mL at 4°C and 37°C within 30 and 90 minutes. The highest activity of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the removal of aflatoxin M1 was observed in the cell concentration of 107 CFU/mL and 0.75 ng/mL toxin concentration at 37°C (Figure 1) after 90 minutes exposure (64.31% ± 3.79%) and had no significant difference with the optimum value at 30 minutes exposure (63.86% ± 5.00%) (P >0.05). Regardless of aflatoxin M1 and probiotics concentrations, the highest mean marginal estimation of aflatoxin M1 removal from the milk at 4°C in the early minutes belonged to L. plantarum, which gradually became identical for all the three probiotics until the minute 90. The potential of S. boulardii in removing aflatoxin M1 from the milk (96.88% ± 3.79%) gradually increased within the initial minutes (90 minutes) with increasing the concentration of aflatoxin M1 (0.75 ng/mL) and the yeast by 109 CFU/mL at 37°C; binding affinity also decreased with decreasing the temperature. The results of the current study indicated that 107 CFU/mL of S. boulardii can efficiently remove aflatoxin M1 from milk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The names of the reviewers
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Open Access Article
5 - Antioxidant Effect optimization of ethanol extract of Cirsium vulgare on oxidative stability of soybean oil and comparison with synthetic antioxidant (BHT)
الهام Azadfar Maryam Sabetghadam زهره Bahrami بیتا BeyzaeiVarious factors such as oxygen, light, heat, metal ions and enzymes can affect the oxidative stability of oils and lipids and finally, oxidative rancidity can occur. The application of synthetic antioxidants has been questioned to delay oxidative rancidity due to their MoreVarious factors such as oxygen, light, heat, metal ions and enzymes can affect the oxidative stability of oils and lipids and finally, oxidative rancidity can occur. The application of synthetic antioxidants has been questioned to delay oxidative rancidity due to their toxicity and carcinogenic probability. This study aims to optimize the oxidant performance of an ethanolic extract of Cirsium vulgare on oxidative stability of soybean oil and compare it with synthetic antioxidants (BHT). In this study, Cirsium vulgare extract was extracted under the influence of concentration (100-300 ppm), duration hours and temperatures . After performing different experiments on the extraction of the best extraction conditions, the best extraction conditions were determined using response surface methodology and extraction in optimum conditions. Data analysis was carried out. The results of the optimization process showed that the oxidative stability of oil showed that; time 24.0 min and concentration 100/01temperature 44/745 were determined. Results showed that the optimum sample of Cirsium vulgare in the stability of soybean oil during storage time was more effective than synthetic antioxidant (BHT), due to higher levels of phenolic compounds and antioxidant present in the optimized sample of Cirsium vulgare. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Review of Anisakiasis Disease in Iran from 1970-2019
Seyed Reza Hosseini Saeed Dadkhah TehraniAnisakiasis is a zoonotic disease caused by the nematode Anisakis caused by eating infected and uncooked fish. Due to the fact that this disease is zoonotic, the necessary health advice should be given to people who tend to eat raw and especially raw foods of different MoreAnisakiasis is a zoonotic disease caused by the nematode Anisakis caused by eating infected and uncooked fish. Due to the fact that this disease is zoonotic, the necessary health advice should be given to people who tend to eat raw and especially raw foods of different types of seafood. Based on the search results with the keywords, Iran and Anisakis in information sources and search engines, 24 studies conducted in Iran on Anisakiasis disease were found. This parasite has been reported in Iran to a greater extent than the shores of the Caspian Sea, Persian Gulf and Oman since 1349, which according to the results obtained in regular reviews, this amount has been higher in the southern regions of the country (Persian Gulf and Oman). Due to the high percentage of contamination in some of the fish studied, up to 97% of the need to pay attention to this parasite for food preparation is more evident. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Study on the Frequency of Vibrio species in fish from Isfahan
Abbas Karimi Alavigeh Ali SharifzadehAnnually, many reports of occurrence of food poisoning due to the consumption of sea-foods contaminated with Vibrio species have been reported. The present survey was carried out to evalution the frequency rate of Vibrio species in sea-food products from the fish sample MoreAnnually, many reports of occurrence of food poisoning due to the consumption of sea-foods contaminated with Vibrio species have been reported. The present survey was carried out to evalution the frequency rate of Vibrio species in sea-food products from the fish samples in Isfahan, Iran.In this survey, 64 fresh fish samples were purchased from markets in Isfahan and transferred to the food quality control laboratory of the Islamic Azad University of Shahreza . Samples were tested for count Vibrio parahaemolyticus and detection according to Iranian national standard methods . positive specimens were evaluated for presence of bacterial species using Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction . the presences of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio cholera, Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio mimicus were studied using the Nested PCR method. Results showed that 95% of samples were contaminated with Vibrio species. In studied samples, V. parahaemolyticus had the highest frequency rate (35%), while V. mimicus had the lowest frequency rate (15%). Frequency of V. cholera and V. vulnificus were 20% and 35% respectively. The results of microbial investigations of raw fish collected from different markets of Isfahan can not be defined satisfactorily . High prevalence of Vibrio species in samples confirmed the lack of hygienic condition in the production and distribution centers of fish . It seems that, places of fishing and processing and the moods of transportation and distribution of fish don’t have suitable hygiene in Isfahan . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Study the antimicrobial effects of methanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum on foodborne bacteria
Leila Ghodrati Mehrdad Ataie Kachoie Sadegh Mousavi-Fard Fariborz MoattarHypericum perforatum is a medicinal plant of the genus Hypercasia that has phenolic and flavonoid compounds with high antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. The present study was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of the methanolic extract of Hypericum p MoreHypericum perforatum is a medicinal plant of the genus Hypercasia that has phenolic and flavonoid compounds with high antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. The present study was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of the methanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum on food-borne bacteria. Aerial part of Hypericum perforatum was prepared from the research farm, and after approval by experts, it was dried and powdered and used to prepare methanolic extract. The diameter of the growth inhibition zone of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was assessed using disk diffusion and compared with antibiotics. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bacterial Concentration (MBC) of methanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum were evaluated on the target bacteria using ELISA plate. The diameter of the growth inhibition zone of bacteria against the methanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum ranged from 9.33±0.45 to 15.28±0.60 mm. Application of 100 mg/ml concentration of methanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum caused the highest diameter of the growth inhibition zone of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.27±0.53 mm), Escherichia coli (13.20±0.59 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (15.28±0.60 mm). The antimicrobial effects of methanolic extract of fenugreek were dose-dependent (P <0.05). The lowest and highest levels of MIC and MBC of methanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum were obtained for Staphylococcus aureus (0.0010 and 0.0019, respectively) and Escherichia coli (0.50 and 1.00, respectively). The diameter of the growth inhibition zone of bacteria treated with methanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum was higher compared to some antibiotic discs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Prebiotic effect and functional properties of dietary fiber extracted from Ziziphus mauritiana seeds by alkali-hydrogen peroxide method
mojtaba afrazeh مهرنوش Tadayoni habib abbasi Abdolkarim SheikhiThis study aimed to extract dietary fiber from the Ziziphus mauritiana seeds by alkaline-hydrogen peroxide extraction method and evaluate its prebiotic and functional properties. For this purpose, seeds were first defatted. Then, its dietary fiber was extracted using al MoreThis study aimed to extract dietary fiber from the Ziziphus mauritiana seeds by alkaline-hydrogen peroxide extraction method and evaluate its prebiotic and functional properties. For this purpose, seeds were first defatted. Then, its dietary fiber was extracted using alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment. Prebiotic effect (at concentrations of 1 and 5%) in sugar-free culture medium on Lactobacillus acidophilus was studied for 72 hours. The technological and functional properties of the extracted dietary fibers including DPPH test, cholesterol-binding capacity, glucose adsorption capacity, oil binding capacity and water adsorption capacity were measured. Z. mauritiana seed dietary fiber had water adsorption, oil binding capacity, glucose adsorption capacity, and cholesterol binding capacity equal to 0.51 ml/g, 2.50 g/g, 37.60 mmol/L, and 14.52 mg/g, respectively. The results of the prebiotic evaluation showed that the sample containing 1% Z. mauritiana seed dietary fiber had the lowest pH with pH 5.69 at 48 h (p<0.05). Also, the trend of pH decrease was variable during the time of the test (p<0.05). The results of Lactobacillus acidophilus count indicated that the culture containing 1% Z. mauritiana seed dietary fiber at 48th hour with 4.7 Log CFU/ml had the highest count. Besides, the trend of bacterial multiplication was variable concerning its concentration and over time (p<0.05). Besides, due to its beneficial properties, Z. mauritiana seed dietary fiber can be used as an available and inexpensive source of dietary fiber in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Study of composition and antimicrobial effects of Thymus carmanicus, Zataria multiflora, Rosmarinus Officinalis and Cinnamomum verum essential oils on Aeromonas hydrophila
Manouchehr Momeni shahraki Reza Sharafati Chaleshtori Mehdi Raissy Mahsa Ansari Fatemeh Heidarinezhad Chaharmahali Farhang TirgirAeromonas hydrophila is an important pathogenic agent in aquatics and zoonotic in humans. This pathogenic agent can extensively be found in water and also is a part of fishes' digestive system microflora. Extensive researches have been carried out on the antimicrobial e MoreAeromonas hydrophila is an important pathogenic agent in aquatics and zoonotic in humans. This pathogenic agent can extensively be found in water and also is a part of fishes' digestive system microflora. Extensive researches have been carried out on the antimicrobial effects of natural compounds against food-borne pathogens, indicating that these products can substitute antibiotics. Essential oils of Thymus carmanicus, Zataria multiflora, Cinnamomum verum, Rosmarinus officinalis have antimicrobial effects due to their phenolic compounds. In this study, the bioactive compounds were detected using Gas Chromatography equipped with the mass spectrometer. Then minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum bactericidal concentrations of the essential oils against A. hydrophila were calculated. According to the results, the lowest and the highest MIC and the minimum MBC were observed in T. carmanicus and Z. multiflora, respectively. The result indicated that the inhibition zone diameter increased with the increase of essential oil concentration. The inhibition zone, in the concentration of 1500 ug mL-1 T. carmanicus was 24.33±0.57 mm. The findings of this study showed the antimicrobial resistance of these compounds. Considering the increasing limitations against chemicals and antibiotics, such compounds could be recommended for prevention. Manuscript profile
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