Mediating Role of Perceived Social Support in the Relationship between Dimensions of Family Communication Patterns (Dialogue Orientation and Conformity Orientation) and Mental Health
Subject Areas : .Maryam Meimandi Nezhad 1 , hojjatollah javidi 2 , سیدابراهیم حسینی 3
1 - PhD student in General Psychology, Department of Psychology, Marvdasht,Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.
2 - Department of Psychology, Shiraz Zand Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz, Iran.
3 - Department of Psychology, Shiraz Zand Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz, Iran.
Keywords: Perceived social support, family communication patterns, mental health.,
Abstract :
Abstract
Background and purpose: This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of perceived social support in the relationship between dimensions of family communication patterns (dialogue orientation and conformity orientation) and mental health.
Methods: This research is a correlational study presented in the form of a structural equation model. The statistical population of the study included female high school students from the four education districts of Shiraz. The study sample, which was selected using a staged cluster method, was 300 female students. The measurement tools included: Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (Zimt et al., 1988), Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale ( Laoviband and Laoviband, 1995), and the Revised Family Communication Patterns Questionnaire (Fitzpatrick and Ritchie, 1997), in other words, the dialogue orientation and the congruence orientation in the family.
Findings: The results showed that perceived social support is the strongest predictor of mental health. In addition, communication and harmony in the family directly and indirectly (through perceived social support) positively predict mental health, and social support has a mediating role in the relationship between family communication patterns and mental health.
Conclusion: These results indicate that conversational interaction orientation and conformity orientation are two key factors in improving mental health and increasing perceived social support. Also, perceived social support has a direct impact on mental health.
References [1] WHO. Mental disorders. June 17, 2022. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-disorders (accessed Sept 17, 2023).
[2] McGinty, E. E., Alegria, M., Beidas, R. S., Braithwaite, J., Kola, L., Leslie, D. L., ... & Eisenberg, M. D. (2024). The Lancet Psychiatry Commission: transforming mental health implementation research. The Lancet Psychiatry, 11(5), 368-396.
[3] WHO. 2021. “Adolescent Mental Health. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail /adolescent-mental-health (accessed October 19, 2023).
[4] Solmi , M., Radua , J., Olivola, M., Croce, E., Soardo, L., Salazar de Pablo, G., ... & Fusar-Poli, P. (2022). Age at onset of mental disorders worldwide: large-scale meta-analysis of 192 epidemiological studies. Molecular psychiatry, 27(1), 281-295.
[5] Wilson, S., & Dumornay, N. M. (2022). Rising rates of adolescent depression in the United States: Challenges and opportunities in the 2020s. Journal of Adolescent Health, 70(3), 354-355.
[6] Campbell, O. L., Bann, D., & Patalay, P. (2021). The gender gap in adolescent mental health: A cross-national investigation of 566,829 adolescents across 73 countries. SSM-population health, 13, 100742.
[7] Orth, Z., Moosajee, F., & Van Wyk, B. (2022). Measuring mental wellness of adolescents: a systematic review of instruments. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 835601.
[8] Renwick, L., Pedley, R., Johnson, I., Bell, V., Lovell, K., Bee, P., & Brooks, H. (2022). Conceptualizations of positive mental health and wellbeing among children and adolescents in low‐and middle‐income countries: A systematic review and narrative synthesis. Health Expectations, 25(1), 61-79
[9] Shah, M., Baird, S., Seager, J., Avuwadah, B., Hamory, J., Sabarwal, S., & Vyas, A. (2024). Improving Mental Health of Adolescent Girls in Low-and Middle-Income Countries: Causal Evidence from Life Skills Programming. Journal of Human Resources, 59(S), S317-S364.
[10] Shahabi, Saeed; Maharloui, Najmeh; Jouliei, Hassan; Bagheri Lankarani, Kamran. (2021). Improving the level of women's mental health in Iran: A policy brief. Sadra Journal of Medical Sciences, 9(3), 325-332.
11] Koerner, A. F., & Fitzpatrick, M. A. (2002). Toward the theory of family communication, Communication Theory, 12 (1 ), 70-91.
[12] Fitzpatrick, M. A. (2004). The family communication patterns theory: Observations on its development and application. The Journal of Family Communication, 4, 167-179.
[13] Horstman, H. K., Schrodt, P., Warner, B., Koerner, A., Maliski, R., Hays, A., & Colaner, C. W. (2018). Expanding the conceptual and empirical boundaries of family communication patterns: The development and validation of an expanded conformity orientation scale. Communication Monographs, 85(2), 157-180.
[14] Tajalli, F., Latifian. M. (2008a). The effect of family communication patterns on mental health with mediation of emotional intelligence (Persian). Journal of Family Research, 4(16), 407- 422.
[15] Derakhshan, Meraj; Alizadeh, Mohsen; Reyhani, Mohammad Baqer and Zarei, Roghieh. (1402), Investigating the mediating role of thinking styles in the relationship between family communication orientation and mental health, Journal of Clinical Psychology Advances, 9(1), ¬2-10.
[16] Bevan, J. L., Urbanovich, T., & Vahid, M. (2021). Family communication patterns, received social support, and perceived quality of care in the family caregiving context. Western Journal of Communication, 85(1), 83-103.
[17] Thomas, S. N., & Hovick, S. R. (2021). The indirect effect of family communication patterns on young adults’ health self-disclosure: Understanding the role of descriptive and injunctive norms in a test of the integrative model of behavioral prediction. Communication Reports, 34(3), 121-136.
[18] Jowkar, B., & Rahimi, M. (2007). [Study of the effect of family communication patterns on happiness in a group of high school students in Shiraz (Persian)]. Iraninan Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 13(4), 376-384.
[19] Hoseinchari, M., Tajali. F., & Ardalan. E. (2008). [The influence of family communication patterns on the communication skill (Persian)]. Paper presented at The 3nd National Conference of Family Pathology, Tehran, Iran, 12 May 2008
[20] Tajalli, F., & Latifian. M. (2008b). [The influence of family communication patterns on mental health (Persian)]. Paper presented at The 3nd National Conference of Family Pathology. Tehran, Iran, 14 May 200.
[21] Tajalli, F., & Zarnaghash, M. (2017). Effect of family communication patterns on Internet addiction. Practice in Clinical Psychology, 5(3), 159-166.
[22] Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of personality assessment, 52(1), 30-41.
[23] Bedaso, A., Adams, J., Peng, W., & Sibbritt, D. (2021). The relationship between social support and mental health problems during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reproductive health, 18, 1-23.
[24] Muñoz-Bermejo, L., Adsuar, J. C., Postigo-Mota, S., Casado-Verdejo, I., de Melo-Tavares, C. M., Garcia-Gordillo, M. Á., ... & Carlos-Vivas, J. (2020). Relationship of perceived social support with mental health in older caregivers. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(11), 3886.
[25] Hashemian-Nejad, Farideh; Mostafapour, Samaneh; Olomi, Shabnam and Madahani-Nejad, Motaharah. (2019). Investigating the relationship between perceived social support, social maturity and psychological hardiness with students' mental health. Horizon of Medical Education Development, 11(2), 54-65.
[26] Van Droogenbroeck, F., Spruyt, B., & Keppens, G. (2018). Gender differences in mental health problems among adolescents and the role of social support: results from the Belgian health interview surveys 2008 and 2013. BMC psychiatry, 18, 1-9.
[27] Ferber, S. G., Weller, A., Maor, R., Feldman, Y., Harel-Fisch, Y., & Mikulincer, M. (2022). Perceived social support in the social distancing era: the association between circles of potential support and COVID-19 reactive psychopathology. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 35(1), 58-71.
[28] Fathi, Ayatollah, Sharifi Rahnamo, Saeed, Esmailzadeh, Mohammad, and Abbasi, Hassan. (1400). Focal analysis of the relationship between resilience and psychosocial security based on dimensions of social support in single women. Social-policing research on women and families, 9(2 (17th issue), 641-668. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/956272/fa.
[29] Harahap, A. P., Daramusseng, A., Choirunissa, R., & Nugraheni, S. A. (2024). The Effect of Social Support on Adolescent Mental Health: Literatur Review. Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya.
[30] Chen, J., Li, J., Cao, B., Wang, F., Luo, L., & Xu, J. (2020). Mediating effects of self‐efficacy, coping, burnout, and social support between job stress and mental health among young Chinese nurses. Journal of advanced nursing, 76(1), 163-173.
[31] Ong, H. L., Vaingankar, J. A., Abdin, E., Sambasivam, R., Fauziana, R., Tan, M. E., ... & Subramaniam, M. (2018). Resilience and burden in caregivers of older adults: moderating and mediating effects of perceived social support. BMC psychiatry, 18, 1-9.
[32] Khan, A., Zeb, I., Zhang, Y., Fazal, S., & Ding, J. (2024). Relationship between psychological capital and mental health at higher education: Role of perceived social support as a mediator. Heliyon, 10(8).
[33] High, A. C., & Scharp, K. M. (2015). Examining family communication patterns and seeking social support direct and indirect effects through ability and motivation. Human Communication Research, 41(4), 459-479.
[34] Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of personality assessment, 52(1), 30-41.
[35] Pushkarev, G. S., Zimet, G. D., Kuznetsov, V. A., & Yaroslavskaya, E. I. (2020). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS): reliability and validity of Russian version. Clinical gerontologist, 43(3), 331-339.
[36] Salimi, Azimeh; Jokar, Bahram and Nikpour, Roshanak. (2009). Internet communications in life: Examining the role of perceived social support and feelings of loneliness in Internet use, Quarterly Journal of Psychological Studies, 5, 3, 102-81.
[37] Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour research and therapy, 33(3), 335-343.
[38] Antony, M. M., Bieling, P. J., Cox, B. J., Enns, M. W., & Swinson, R. P. (1998). Psychometric Properties of the 42-Item and 21-Item Versions of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in Clinical Groups and a Community Sample. Psychological Assessment, 10 (2), 176-181.
[39] Samani, Siamak and Jokar, Bahram. (2007). Evaluation of the reliability and validity of the short form of the Depression, Anxiety and Psychological Stress Scale. Journal of Social and Human Sciences of Shiraz University, 26, (3), 65-76.
[40] Koerner, A. F., & Fitzpatrick, M. A. (2002a). Understanding family communication pattern and family functioning: the role of conversation orientation and conformity orientation. Communication Year Book, 28, 36-68.
