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حرية الوصول المقاله
1 - Synthesis and Identification of SO3H-functionalized Phthalimide (SFP) as an Efficient Catalyst for the Condensation of Dimedone with Arylaldehydes
Abdolkarim Zare Hakimeh Asvar Fatemeh Zarei Maryam Khalili Zahra Kordrostami Ahmad Reza Moosavi-Zare Vahid KhakyzadehA SO3 H-containing solid acid namely SO3 H-functionalized phthalimide (SFP) was synthesized from phthalimide and chlorosulfonic acid, and identified by studying its FT-IR, 1 H and 13C NMR, Mass, XRD, TG and DTG spectra. Afterward, its catalytic activity was examined for أکثرA SO3 H-containing solid acid namely SO3 H-functionalized phthalimide (SFP) was synthesized from phthalimide and chlorosulfonic acid, and identified by studying its FT-IR, 1 H and 13C NMR, Mass, XRD, TG and DTG spectra. Afterward, its catalytic activity was examined for the solvent-free condensation of dimedone (5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione) (2 eq.) with arylaldehydes (1 eq.). The results showed that SFP is a highly efficient catalyst to promote the title reaction for the preparation of 9-aryl-1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthenes. تفاصيل المقالة -
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2 - Nano-rice bran /TiCl4 a highly efficient catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of pyrano[3,2-b]pyrans
Sayed Rasul Shafe Mehrabadi Bahareh Sadeghi Saleheh ZavarNano-rice bran/TiCl4has been prepared from rice bran and TiCl4 in n-hexane as solvent. Thennanoricebran/TiCl4 has been introduced as a novel catalystfor the three component synthesis of pyrano[3,2-b] pyransfrom the simple one-pot reactionbetweenaryl aldehydes,cyanoaceta أکثرNano-rice bran/TiCl4has been prepared from rice bran and TiCl4 in n-hexane as solvent. Thennanoricebran/TiCl4 has been introduced as a novel catalystfor the three component synthesis of pyrano[3,2-b] pyransfrom the simple one-pot reactionbetweenaryl aldehydes,cyanoacetamide and kojicacid.Cleanliness, an eco-friendly catalyst, simple methodology, short time, and excellent yields ofproducts are some advantages of this method. تفاصيل المقالة -
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3 - One pot, Five-component Synthesis of Functionalized Piperidines Using Zn(OAc)2.2H2O as a Highly Efficient Catalyst
Farzaneh Mohamadpour Mojtaba LashkariA convenient synthetic route for the synthesis of biologically active functionalized piperidines usingZn(OAc)2.2H2O as a highly efficient catalyst via five-component reaction of aromatic aldehydes,anilines and β-ketoesters at ambient temperature has studied. Mild r أکثرA convenient synthetic route for the synthesis of biologically active functionalized piperidines usingZn(OAc)2.2H2O as a highly efficient catalyst via five-component reaction of aromatic aldehydes,anilines and β-ketoesters at ambient temperature has studied. Mild reaction conditions, simplicity ofoperation and work-up procedures with no necessity of chromatographic purification steps, theavailability and easy to handle of this solid catalyst and good to high yields are the notable benefitsfor the highly efficient synthesis of these products. تفاصيل المقالة -
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4 - A Novel protocol for synthesis of Hantzsch 1, 4- dihydropyridines using PEG-400 as a reaction medium and under catalyst-free condition
Ali Ezabadi Fatemeh TosanAn efficient and expeditious catalyst-free procedure was developed for the one- pot synthesis of 1, 4-dihydropyridine derivatives via the three-component reaction of various aldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate, and ammonium acetate in PEG-400. The reaction was carried out at أکثرAn efficient and expeditious catalyst-free procedure was developed for the one- pot synthesis of 1, 4-dihydropyridine derivatives via the three-component reaction of various aldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate, and ammonium acetate in PEG-400. The reaction was carried out at 110°С and the products were obtained in good to high yields. تفاصيل المقالة -
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5 - Efficient CeO2 nanoparticles catalysed for Synthesis of heterocyclic Bis(Indolyl) methanes under mild conditions
Vishvanath D. Patil Amruta Salve Vaishnav D. Gharat Nilesh GawandThere is need to develop simple, efficient & economically viable chemical pathways to synthesise biologically active & commercially important heterocyclic Bis(indolyl) methanes1.The indole ring is an important constituent of many natural products, pharmaceutical أکثرThere is need to develop simple, efficient & economically viable chemical pathways to synthesise biologically active & commercially important heterocyclic Bis(indolyl) methanes1.The indole ring is an important constituent of many natural products, pharmaceuticals & other compounds of commercial importantance2. The literature survey shows that Bis(indolyl) methanes are known to increase estrogen metabolism in human beings and hence can be used for the treatment of breast cancer, also it exhibits antibacterial activities3,4,5. This wide range of applications has leaded the chemists to develop new methods to synthesise Bis (Indolyl) methanes. Various methods have been developed for their synthesis using Lewis acid catalysts6-12, ionicliquids13, trichloro-1,3,5-triazine14, and potassium hydrogen sulphate15.However, many of these reported methods suffer from one or other disadvantages such as harsh reaction conditions and reagents that are expensive, moisture sensitive. A mild and efficient catalyst for the synthesis of bis(indolyl) methanes is highly desirable. تفاصيل المقالة -
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6 - Application of tris (trihexyltetradecylphosphonium) gadolinium hexachloride as magnetically recoverable catalyst for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones in solvent-free conditions
maryam GorjizehadA Simple and environmentally friendly procedure for the one-pot multi-component synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one derivatives has been developed by one pot three component reaction of various aldehydes, β-dicarbonyl, and urea in the presence of catalytic أکثرA Simple and environmentally friendly procedure for the one-pot multi-component synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one derivatives has been developed by one pot three component reaction of various aldehydes, β-dicarbonyl, and urea in the presence of catalytic amount of tris (trihexyltetradecylphosphonium) gadolinium hexachloride [P6,6,6,14]3 [GdCl6] as a solid acid catalyst without any additional organic solvent. The reactions were carried out at 100 °C under solvent-free conditions. The solid magnetic catalyst was prepared by a simple method and readily separated from the reaction media by external magnet and has excellent reusability several cycles without considerable loss of activity. The advantages of this method are low scale catalyst, waste-free, inexpensive catalyst, solvent-free conditions and easy work up, green and efficient synthetic entry to high yield of products (80-92 %) in a high reusability and a short reaction time (20-45 min). This is the first report on for direct use of [P6,6,6,14]3 [GdCl6] as catalyst in organic transformation. تفاصيل المقالة -
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7 - Novel procedure for preparation of Hantzsch 1, 4- dihydropyridines using PEG-400 as a reaction medium and under catalyst-free condition
Ali Ezabadi Fatemeh TosanAn efficient and expeditious catalyst-free procedure was developed for the one- pot synthesis of 1, 4-dihydropyridine derivatives via the three-component reaction of various aldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate, and ammonium acetate in PEG-400. The reaction was carried out at أکثرAn efficient and expeditious catalyst-free procedure was developed for the one- pot synthesis of 1, 4-dihydropyridine derivatives via the three-component reaction of various aldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate, and ammonium acetate in PEG-400. The reaction was carried out at 110°С and the products were obtained in good to high yields. تفاصيل المقالة -
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8 - NiBr2 Catalyst for the Oxidation of Alcohols and Aldehydes using NaClO: Kinetic Studies
Roya Ranjineh KhojastehBy exposing to NaClO aqueous solution (commercial bleach), NiBr2 is transformed quantitatively into an insoluble nickel oxide hydroxide species. This compound contains large surface area and is a beneficial heterogeneous catalyst for oxidizing numerous organic materials أکثرBy exposing to NaClO aqueous solution (commercial bleach), NiBr2 is transformed quantitatively into an insoluble nickel oxide hydroxide species. This compound contains large surface area and is a beneficial heterogeneous catalyst for oxidizing numerous organic materials. The oxidation of aldehydes and primary alcohols to carboxylic acids and secondary alcohols to ketones is showed with 1 mol % of NiBr2 catalyst and NaClO as the terminal oxidant. It is demonstrated that the controlled and selective oxidizing of numerous organic compounds with this system resulting in 55-95 % separation yields and 87-95 % purity. In most cases, the oxidations can be carried out with no organic solvent, causing this method attractive as a “greener” substitute to traditional oxidations. تفاصيل المقالة -
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9 - β-Cyclodextrain sulfonic acid as a biodegradable solid catalyst in benzoxanthenes synthesis
Mina Cheraghchi Ali.R Kiasat Rashid BadriA new and efficient synthesis of benzoxanthene drivatives from the three-component condensation reaction ofaryl aldehydes and β-naphthol under solvent-free conditions in the presence of β-cyclodextrin sulfonic acid, as an efficient heterogeneous solid acid cat أکثرA new and efficient synthesis of benzoxanthene drivatives from the three-component condensation reaction ofaryl aldehydes and β-naphthol under solvent-free conditions in the presence of β-cyclodextrin sulfonic acid, as an efficient heterogeneous solid acid catalyst with excellent yields and short reaction time is presented تفاصيل المقالة -
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10 - Reaction of benzoylpyruvate with a mixture of aromatic aldehydes and 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadizole-2-thiol
Neda Tavakkoli Hassan KabirifardReactions of benzoylpyruvate with a mixture of aromatic aldehydes and 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadizole-2-thiol in a 1:1:1 molar ratio, afforded 5-(5-aryl-4-benzoyl-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-1,3,4-thiadizole-2-thiols (3a-c). The structure of the resulted produc أکثرReactions of benzoylpyruvate with a mixture of aromatic aldehydes and 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadizole-2-thiol in a 1:1:1 molar ratio, afforded 5-(5-aryl-4-benzoyl-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-1,3,4-thiadizole-2-thiols (3a-c). The structure of the resulted products was confirmed by determination of the melting point and spectrophotometric techniques such as IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. تفاصيل المقالة -
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11 - (Diacetoxyiodo)benzene (DIB) catalyzed green and efficient synthesis of biscoumarin derivatives in aqueous media
Amit Waghmare Shivaji Pandit(Diacetoxyiodo)benzene has been used as an efficient catalyst for an improved and rapid one-pot synthesis of biscoumarin derivatives in excellent yield under reflux condition using water as a environmentally benign reaction medium. This aqua mediated Knoevenagel condens أکثر(Diacetoxyiodo)benzene has been used as an efficient catalyst for an improved and rapid one-pot synthesis of biscoumarin derivatives in excellent yield under reflux condition using water as a environmentally benign reaction medium. This aqua mediated Knoevenagel condensation of various aromatic and hetero-aromatic aldehydes with 4-hydroxycoumarin using catalytic amount of (diacetoxyiodo)benzene devoid the route of expensive, corrosive reagents and toxic solvents. Along with the routine aldehydes, the aldehydes like aryl-sulphonyloxybenzaldehyde, aryl-carbonyloxybenzaldehyde also leads to the product under the reaction conditions. High yields, shorter reaction times, one pot condensation, operational simplicity, easy work-up, purification of products by non-chromatographic methods are some additional features of this method. تفاصيل المقالة -
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12 - (CTA)3[SiW12]-Li+-MMT: Efficient nanocatalyst for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones under solvent-free conditions
Esmayeel Abbaspour-Gilandeh Mehraneh Aghaei-Hashjin Hashem AziziA highly practical and efficient preparation of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one derivatives was developed via an efficient and simple nanocatalyst and promoted multi-component reaction of ethyl acetoacetate, aromatic aldehyde, and urea in the presence of a catalytic amou أکثرA highly practical and efficient preparation of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one derivatives was developed via an efficient and simple nanocatalyst and promoted multi-component reaction of ethyl acetoacetate, aromatic aldehyde, and urea in the presence of a catalytic amount of (CTA)3[SiW12]-Li+-MMT under solvent-free conditions. In comparison to the conventional methods, the salient features of this method are green reaction conditions, short reaction time, high quantitative yields, high atom economy, low cost, no column chromatographic separation and easy isolation of products. All the products were characterized by melting point, IR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR and were determined by comparison of their spectra with those of valid samples. تفاصيل المقالة -
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13 - An efficient green synthesis of some new 4H-pyrimido[2,1,b]benzimiazoles and 4H-pyrimido[2,1,b]benzothiazoles promoted by guanidinium chloride
Razieh Talaei Abolfazl OlyaeiA facile and highly efficient protocol was applied successfully to synthesize 4H-pyrimido[2,1,b]benzimiazoles and 4H-pyrimido[2,1,b]benzothiazoles through one-pot three-component cyclocondensation reactions of 2-aminobenzimidazole or 2-aminobenzothiazole with dimedone a أکثرA facile and highly efficient protocol was applied successfully to synthesize 4H-pyrimido[2,1,b]benzimiazoles and 4H-pyrimido[2,1,b]benzothiazoles through one-pot three-component cyclocondensation reactions of 2-aminobenzimidazole or 2-aminobenzothiazole with dimedone and aromatic aldehydes in the presence of guanidinium chloride under solvent-free conditions. The reactions using guanidinium chloride provided high to excellent yields of the products. The key advantages of this process are operational simplicity, inexpensive catalyst, short reaction time, simple workup and non-chromatographic purification, which make it an attractive route for the synthesis of benzimidazolo/benzothiazolo quinazolinones. Due to these advantages, several benzimidazolo/benzothiazolo quinazolinones as important pharmaceutical molecules can be prepared in high yield and high purity. تفاصيل المقالة -
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14 - Brönsted acidic ionic liquid as a recyclable catalyst for the one pot four-component synthesis of substituted pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles
Leila Khazdooz Amin ZareiAn efficient, mild and environmentally friendly method was reported for the synthesis of An efficient, mild and environmentally friendly method was reported for the synthesis of pyranopyroles from aryl aldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate, malononitrile and hydrazine hydrate i أکثرAn efficient, mild and environmentally friendly method was reported for the synthesis of An efficient, mild and environmentally friendly method was reported for the synthesis of pyranopyroles from aryl aldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate, malononitrile and hydrazine hydrate in the presence of catalytic amounts of Methyl imidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([Hmim][HSO4]) as an efficient catalyst. These syntheses were performed via a one-pot four-component condensation in water/ethanol (50%) at 50 ◦C. This method easily provides the coresponding products in good yield and relatively short reaction times. Also the reusability of the catalyst was investigated, the catalyst could be employed four times, although its activity gradually decreased. تفاصيل المقالة -
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15 - 1-(1-Propylsulfonic)-3-methylimidazolium chloride Brønsted acidic ionic liquid catalyzed one-pot synthesis of 14-aryl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthene derivatives under solvent-free conditions
Sima Abbaspour Mogharab Torabi Jafroudi Shima Haghi Sohan RezayatiA rapid, green and efficient method for the synthesis of 14-aryl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthene derivatives through a one-pot condensation of 2-naphthol with various aromatic aldehydes in the presences of several acidic ionic liquids including [PSMIM]Cl, [BMIM]HSO4, [BMIM]Cl, أکثرA rapid, green and efficient method for the synthesis of 14-aryl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthene derivatives through a one-pot condensation of 2-naphthol with various aromatic aldehydes in the presences of several acidic ionic liquids including [PSMIM]Cl, [BMIM]HSO4, [BMIM]Cl, [BMIM]Br, and [BMIM]BF4 as organocatalysts and task-specific acidic ionic liquids (AILs) under solvent-free conditions is described. Compared with other synthetic methods, this new method has the advantages such as milder reaction conditions, good to excellent yields, short reaction times, and environmentally benign procedure. Also, 1-(1-Propylsulfonic)-3-methylimidazolium chloride [PSMIM]Cl acts as a catalyst under solvent-free conditions and can be recovered and reused six times without apparent loss of its catalytic activity. تفاصيل المقالة -
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16 - 5-sulfosalicylic acid as an efficient organocatalyst for environmentally benign synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazoles
Chandrakant Bhenki Shrikrishna Karhale Vasant HelaviA water soluble, Bronsted acid, 5-sulfosalicylic acid as an efficient organocatalyst was used for the synthesis of physiologically active 2-substituted benzimidazole derivatives from o-phenylenediamine and aromatic aldehydes in ethanol at reflux condition. Cost-effectiv أکثرA water soluble, Bronsted acid, 5-sulfosalicylic acid as an efficient organocatalyst was used for the synthesis of physiologically active 2-substituted benzimidazole derivatives from o-phenylenediamine and aromatic aldehydes in ethanol at reflux condition. Cost-effectiveness, use of non-hazardous solvents, metal free and commercially available catalyst, single-step, environmentally friendly green method, high conversions, cleaner reaction profiles and simple experimental and workup procedures are the remarkable features of this method. A water soluble, Bronsted acid, 5-sulfosalicylic acid as an efficient organocatalyst has been used for the synthesis of physiologically active 2-substituted benzimidazole derivatives from o-phenylenediamine and aromatic aldehydes in ethanol at reflux condition. Cost-effectiveness, use of non-hazardous solvents, metal free and commercially available catalyst, single step, environmentally friendly green method, high conversions, cleaner reaction profiles and simple experimental and workup procedures are the remarkable features of this method. تفاصيل المقالة -
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17 - Betaine hydrochloride (BHC) catalyzed synthesis of 4-thiazolidinones derivatives
Amol Khandebharad Swapnil Sarda Charansingh Gill Brijmohan AgrawalBetaine hydrochloride (BHC), as an ionic salt was found to be an efficient and recyclable catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of 4-thiazolidinediones. The methodology of study was achieved by one-pot condensation of aromatic aldehydes, aromatic amine and mercaptoacetic a أکثرBetaine hydrochloride (BHC), as an ionic salt was found to be an efficient and recyclable catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of 4-thiazolidinediones. The methodology of study was achieved by one-pot condensation of aromatic aldehydes, aromatic amine and mercaptoacetic acid in the presence of betaine hydrochloride (BHC) at reflux temperature in ethanol as solvent. The efficiency of Betaine hydrochloride has been compared with all aspects of reaction conditions such as temperature, solvent and amount of the catalyst. This method excludes the use of heavy metal catalyst, tedious work-up and affords excellent yields of product. These advantages makes the technique greener and superior as compare to other reported methods. تفاصيل المقالة -
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18 - PbWO4 nanoparticles: A robust and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of benzopyranopyridines under ultrasonic irradiation
Hossein Shahbazi-Alavi Javad Safaei-Ghomi Ruhollah TalebiAn efficient four-component synthesis of benzopyranopyridines is described by one-pot condensation of salicylaldehydes, thiols and 2 equiv of malononitrile with nano-PbWO4 as a robust and reusableheterogeneous catalyst under ultrasonic irradiation. Lead tungstate (PbWO4 أکثرAn efficient four-component synthesis of benzopyranopyridines is described by one-pot condensation of salicylaldehydes, thiols and 2 equiv of malononitrile with nano-PbWO4 as a robust and reusableheterogeneous catalyst under ultrasonic irradiation. Lead tungstate (PbWO4) nanostructures have been synthesized via a sonochemical method based on the reaction between lead (II) nitrate and sodium tungstate dihydrate in an aqueous solution. Some advantages of this protocol include use of simple and readily available starting materials, rapid assembly of medicinally privileged heterocyclic molecules, reusability of the catalyst, low amount of the catalyst and application of the sonochemical methodology as an efficient technique and innocuous means of activation in synthetic chemistry. تفاصيل المقالة -
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19 - Alkanedisulfamic acid functionalized silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles as a reusable efficient nanocatalyst for synthesis of gem-dihydroperoxides and 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes
Kaveh Khosravi Ali Reza Karimi Shirin NaserifarAlkanedisulfamic acid functionalized silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles (ADSA-MNPs) were used as effective, low-cost and reusable solid heterogeneous nanomagnetic catalysts for conversion of aldehydes and ketones to corresponding gem-dihydroperoxides and 1,2,4,5-tetra أکثرAlkanedisulfamic acid functionalized silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles (ADSA-MNPs) were used as effective, low-cost and reusable solid heterogeneous nanomagnetic catalysts for conversion of aldehydes and ketones to corresponding gem-dihydroperoxides and 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes using aqueous hydrogen peroxide (30% w/w in H2O) at room temperature. These compounds are important key intermediates in preparation of anti-malaria drugs. The reactions proceeded in high rates and excellent yields. Since the catalyst was separated facilely from the reaction mixture by an external magnet and was reused six times without considerable loss of catalytic activity, this methodology is environmentally friendly. It is notable that it is the first report on using a nanocatalyst in the synthesis of gem-dihydroperoxides and 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes from aldehydes and ketones up to now. تفاصيل المقالة -
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20 - One-pot synthesis of tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-b]quinoline derivatives using sulfonic acid functionalized SBA-15 and their antimicrobial activities
Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani Narges Hosseini Nasab Mahshid Rahimifard Taraneh Hajiashrafi Alireza Badiei Ali Abolhassani SoorkiA Simple and efficient method for synthesis of tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-b]quinoline derivatives via three component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, dimedone and 6-amino uracil derivatives using a catalytic amount of sulfonic acid functionalized nanoporous silica (SBA-15-P أکثرA Simple and efficient method for synthesis of tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-b]quinoline derivatives via three component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, dimedone and 6-amino uracil derivatives using a catalytic amount of sulfonic acid functionalized nanoporous silica (SBA-15-Pr-SO3H) is described. The advantages of this method are easy and clean work-up, high yield, mild reaction condition, reusable catalyst and environmentally benign solvents. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of synthesized compounds were measured against gram positive, gram negative bacteriaand fungus. Only compounds 4c and 4g showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus. تفاصيل المقالة -
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21 - Melamine trisulfonic acid: An efficient and recyclable solid acid catalyst for the green synthesis of Biscoumarin derivatives
Nasir Iravani Mosadegh Keshavarz Maryam Mousavi Mojtaba BaghernejadA novel catalytic synthesis of 3,3'-(arylmethylene)-bis-(4-hydroxy-2H-chromene-2-one) derivatives from a tandem condensation reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin and aromatic aldehydes has been developed. The reaction occurs in water in the presence of Melamine trisulfonic aci أکثرA novel catalytic synthesis of 3,3'-(arylmethylene)-bis-(4-hydroxy-2H-chromene-2-one) derivatives from a tandem condensation reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin and aromatic aldehydes has been developed. The reaction occurs in water in the presence of Melamine trisulfonic acid as catalyst to give the corresponding products in good to high yields. This green approach has several advantages such as short reaction times, clean reaction profiles, and simple experimental and workup procedures. Moreover, the catalyst can be easily recovered by filtration and used at least seven times with only slight reduction in its catalytic activity. The results of the presented protocol in comparison with the different available catalysts in condensation reaction of benzaldehyde with 4-Hydroxycoumarin show that MTSA presented better results due to the structure of MTSA. تفاصيل المقالة -
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22 - Graphene–ZnO@SiO2 hybrid: An efficient and solid acid catalyst for synthesis of azlactones under ultrasound irradiation
Sodeh SadjadiThe central theme of this article is how to explore a novel route to fabricate graphene– ZnO@SiO2 hybrid by a covalent process. The synthesis procedure consists of three-steps: (1) synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles, (2) ZnO nanoparticles modification by tetraethyl or أکثرThe central theme of this article is how to explore a novel route to fabricate graphene– ZnO@SiO2 hybrid by a covalent process. The synthesis procedure consists of three-steps: (1) synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles, (2) ZnO nanoparticles modification by tetraethyl orthosilicate and (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane after introduction of amino groups on its surface, (3) the covalent attachment of ZnO@SiO2 onto the graphene surface by the amidation reaction between amino group of ZnO@SiO2 and carboxylic group of graphene. This hybrid was then used as a catalyst for the synthesis of azlactones obtained by Erlenmeyer synthesis from aromatic aldehydes and hippuric acid under the ultrasonic irradiation. The protocol offers advantages in terms of higher yields, short reaction times, mild reaction conditions, and reusability of the catalyst. تفاصيل المقالة -
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23 - Vitamin B12 used as effective biocatalyst for the synthesis of pyrano[2,3-c]cromenes and pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidines
Ghasem Marandi Reyhaneh Nadernia Nourallah Hazeri Malek Taher MaghsoodlouSynthesis of organic compounds using some natural compounds as catalysts has gained more attention in recent decades. With respect to the importance of these procedures, the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]chromene and pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives using vita أکثرSynthesis of organic compounds using some natural compounds as catalysts has gained more attention in recent decades. With respect to the importance of these procedures, the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]chromene and pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives using vitamin B12 by a one-pot reaction of malononitrile, benzaldehydes and 4-hydroxycumarine or 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid is reported. تفاصيل المقالة -
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24 - Application of Fe3O4/SiO2/CeO2 nanocomposite, an efficient and magnetic catalyst, to synthesize 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones derivatives
Elham Mohamadzadeh zinat gordiA supported magnetic nanocomposite as a simple, stable, and efficient catalyst was successfully developed for condensation reaction of aldehydes, ammonium acetate, and isatoic anhydride to prepare 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives as essential biologically act أکثرA supported magnetic nanocomposite as a simple, stable, and efficient catalyst was successfully developed for condensation reaction of aldehydes, ammonium acetate, and isatoic anhydride to prepare 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives as essential biologically active heterocyclic compounds. Ethanol as a non-toxic solvent under a reflux condition was utilized in the reactions. The Fe3O4/SiO2/CeO2 nanocomposite was prepared as a magnetic and novel catalyst. The value of components of the catalyst composite, including Fe3O4, SiO2, and CeO2, was optimized using experimental design to prepare the best catalyst composite with the highest reaction efficiency. The optimum amounts of Fe3O4, SiO2, and CeO2 in the catalyst composite were 0.37 g, 0.85 mL, and 1.28 g, respectively. The catalyst structure was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, Powder X-ray diffraction, and Transmission electron microscope. A sol-gel procedure was utilized to prepare the catalyst, in which chemical bonds between the catalysis components, leading to a high chemical, mechanical, and thermal stability of the catalyst. Several syntheses of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones derivatives were performed using Fe3O4/SiO2/CeO2 (0.1 g) in EtOH (10.0 mL) under reflux for 9-19 min with yield in the range of 89-97%. The method displayed various advantages, including high yields, easy workup, low catalyst consumption, high catalyst reusability, low reaction times, and fast and straightforward catalyst separation using a magnet. تفاصيل المقالة -
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25 - Melamine trisulfonic acid: A new, efficient and reusable catalyst for the protection of alcohols, phenols, aldehydes and amines
Farhad Shirini Mohammad A. Zolfigol Jalal Albadi Toktam F. RastegarTetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and phenols, acetylation of aldehydes and N-Boc protection of amines are efficiently catalyzed by melamine trisulfonic acid (MTSA). All reactions were performed at room temperature in good to high yields.Tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and phenols, acetylation of aldehydes and N-Boc protection of amines are efficiently catalyzed by melamine trisulfonic acid (MTSA). All reactions were performed at room temperature in good to high yields. تفاصيل المقالة -
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26 - A green, efficient, and rapid procedure for the synthesis of pyrano[3,2-c] quinoline and pyrano[3,2-c]pyridone derivatives catalyzed by [BMIm]Cl
Esmayeel Abbaspour-Gilandeh Seyyedeh Cobra Azimi Kurosh Rad-Moghadam Aidin Mohammadi-BarkchaiA highly practical and efficient preparation of pyrano[3,2-c]pyridone and pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline derivatives was developed via an ionic liquid mediated and promoted multi-component reaction of malononitrile, aldehyde, and 4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one or 4-hydroxy-6-methy أکثرA highly practical and efficient preparation of pyrano[3,2-c]pyridone and pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline derivatives was developed via an ionic liquid mediated and promoted multi-component reaction of malononitrile, aldehyde, and 4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one or 4-hydroxy-6-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one. The combinatorial syntheses were achieved for the first time without applying extra activation energy at ambient temperature while making use of [BMIm]Cl as a catalyst solvent. تفاصيل المقالة -
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27 - Natural Kaolin supported sulfuric acid as an efficient catalyst for the preparation of 1, 1-diacetates under solvent-free conditions
Zinat Gordi Hossein EshghiA facile and efficient method for the preparation of 1,1-diacetates of aldehydes is improved. The acidified kaolin with sulfuric acid (2 % w/w) catalyzed 1,1-diacetates formation from aldehydes in solvent-free conditions. Both aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes gave high أکثرA facile and efficient method for the preparation of 1,1-diacetates of aldehydes is improved. The acidified kaolin with sulfuric acid (2 % w/w) catalyzed 1,1-diacetates formation from aldehydes in solvent-free conditions. Both aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes gave high yields (85-95 %) of the corresponding 1, 1-diacetates. Advantages of this method are the use of inexpensive and selective catalyst, with high yields in simple operation, and short reaction time under solvent-free conditions. تفاصيل المقالة -
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28 - Trans-3,5-dihydroperoxy-3,5-dimethyl-1,2-dioxolane/HOAc/KI system as a new and mild catalyst for efficient synthesis of 1H-benzimidazoles and 1H-benzothiazoles in water
Kaveh Khosravi Akbar Mobinikhaledi Samira Kazemi Davood Azarifar Payam RahmaniAn efficient method has been developed for the catalysis of condensation of 1,2-phenylenediamines and 2-aminothiophenoles with different aldehydes into their corresponding 2-aryl-1H-benzimidazoles and 2-aryl-1H-benzothiazoles under mild condition. In this method, trans- أکثرAn efficient method has been developed for the catalysis of condensation of 1,2-phenylenediamines and 2-aminothiophenoles with different aldehydes into their corresponding 2-aryl-1H-benzimidazoles and 2-aryl-1H-benzothiazoles under mild condition. In this method, trans-3,5-dihydroperoxy-3,5-dimethyl-1,2-dioxolane (DHPDMDO)/HOAc/KI system was used as a novel and effective oxidant in water at room temperature with excellent results. تفاصيل المقالة -
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29 - 1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin: an efficient catalyst for the solvent free synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-octahydro-xanthenes
Farhad Shirini Kurosh Rad-Moghadam Tahereh NaghdiThis paper describes the applicability of 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, as a cheap, stable and commercially available catalyst, in the promotion of the synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-octahydro-xanthenes (DOXOs) via the one-pot condensation of aldehydes and cyclic 1,3-dica أکثرThis paper describes the applicability of 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, as a cheap, stable and commercially available catalyst, in the promotion of the synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-octahydro-xanthenes (DOXOs) via the one-pot condensation of aldehydes and cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. This novel synthetic method has the advantages of high yields, short reaction times, low cost and availability of the catalyst, solvent-free reaction conditions, simplicity and easy work-up compared to the conventional methods reported in the literature. تفاصيل المقالة -
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30 - 1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DBH) as a cheap and efficient catalyst for the synthesis of polyhydroquinolines and 12-aryl-8,9,10,12-tetrahydro [a] xanthene-11-ones
Farhad Shirini Gholam Hossein Imanzadeh Masoumeh Abedini Parisa Ghods Ghasemabadi1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DBH), as a cheap and commercially available reagent, is efficiently able to catalyze the synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives and 12-aryl-8,9,10,12-tetrahydro[a] xanthene-11-ones via one-pot multi-component reactions. This novel أکثر1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DBH), as a cheap and commercially available reagent, is efficiently able to catalyze the synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives and 12-aryl-8,9,10,12-tetrahydro[a] xanthene-11-ones via one-pot multi-component reactions. This novel synthetic method has the advantages of low cost and availability of the catalyst, short reaction times, high to excellent yields, simple and easy work-up and purification of the products compared to the conventional methods reported in the literature. تفاصيل المقالة -
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31 - Synthesis of 4,4´-(Arylmethylene)bis(1H-pyrazol-5-ols) catalyzed by nanosilica supported perchloric acid in water
Bahareh Sadeghi Maryam Ghorbani RadReaction between aromatic aldehydes and 3–methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazoline-5-one catalyzed by nano-SiO2/HClO4 in water under reflux provided a simple and efficient route for the synthesis of 4-((5-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)(aryl)methyl)-3-methyl-1-phen أکثرReaction between aromatic aldehydes and 3–methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazoline-5-one catalyzed by nano-SiO2/HClO4 in water under reflux provided a simple and efficient route for the synthesis of 4-((5-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)(aryl)methyl)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ol derivatives in high yields. تفاصيل المقالة -
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32 - Synthesis of 4,4′-(arylmethylene)bis(1H-pyrazol-5-ols) via multi-component reactions by using silica-bonded sulfamic acid derivatives
Shekoofeh Tayebi Khodabakhsh NiknamThe one-pot, multi-component synthesis of 4,4′-(arylmethylene)bis(1H-pyrazol-5-ols) by tandem Knoevenagel-Michael reaction of phenylhydrazine, ethyl acetoacetate and aldehydes in the presence of silica-bonded N-propylpiperazine sulfamic acid (SBPPSA) as a recyclab أکثرThe one-pot, multi-component synthesis of 4,4′-(arylmethylene)bis(1H-pyrazol-5-ols) by tandem Knoevenagel-Michael reaction of phenylhydrazine, ethyl acetoacetate and aldehydes in the presence of silica-bonded N-propylpiperazine sulfamic acid (SBPPSA) as a recyclable solid acid catalyst was reported. SBPPSA showed much the same efficiency when used in consecutive reaction runs. تفاصيل المقالة -
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33 - Eco-Friendly and One-Pot Synthesis of 1,8-Dioxooctahydroxanthene Derivatives Catalyzed by Task-Specific Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid
Hossein Naeimi Zahra Sadat NazifiEfficient and one-pot synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthenes was described by Knoevenagel condensation, Michael addition and cyclodehydration of dimedone. This reaction was carried out through condensation of dimedone and various aromatic aldehydes in the presence of أکثرEfficient and one-pot synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthenes was described by Knoevenagel condensation, Michael addition and cyclodehydration of dimedone. This reaction was carried out through condensation of dimedone and various aromatic aldehydes in the presence of task-specific Brønsted acidic ionic liquid under solvent free conditions. The catalyst could be recycled five times without significant loss of its catalytic activity. تفاصيل المقالة -
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34 - Introduction of two efficient catalysts for the synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthene derivatives in the absence of solvent
Farhad Shirini Gholam Hossein Imanzadeh Masoumeh Abedini Maryam Akberi Dokhte-Ghaziani Mohaddeshes Safarpoor Langroodi Parisa Ghods Ghasemabadi1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DBH) and benzyltriphenylphosphoniumtribromide (BTPTB) were used as efficient catalysts for the promotion of the synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthene derivatives (DOXOs) via a one-pot three component condensation of aldehydes and cy أکثر1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DBH) and benzyltriphenylphosphoniumtribromide (BTPTB) were used as efficient catalysts for the promotion of the synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthene derivatives (DOXOs) via a one-pot three component condensation of aldehydes and cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds in the absence of solvent. تفاصيل المقالة -
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35 - Green and diastereoselective synthesis of trans-3-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-naphtho[2,3-e][1,3]oxazines
Mehdi Shafiee Ahmad Reza Khosropour Iraj Mohammadpoor-Baltork Majid Moghadam Shahram Tangestaninejad Valiollah Mirkhani Hamid Reza KhavasiReaction between aromatic aldehydes and 3–methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazoline-5-one catalyzed by nano-SiO2/HClO4 in water under reflux provided a simple and efficient route for the synthesis of 4-((5-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)(aryl)methyl)-3-methyl-1-phen أکثرReaction between aromatic aldehydes and 3–methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazoline-5-one catalyzed by nano-SiO2/HClO4 in water under reflux provided a simple and efficient route for the synthesis of 4-((5-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)(aryl)methyl)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ol derivatives in high yields. تفاصيل المقالة -
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36 - One-pot preparation of N,N′-alkylidenebisamides promoted by BF3.SiO2
Bi Bi Fatemeh Mirjalili Abdolhamid Bamoniri Seyedeh Azita Fazeli AttarA highly efficient procedure for the preparation of N,N'-alkylidenebisamides in the presence of BF3.SiO2 as a catalyst is described. N,N'-alkylidenebisamides have been prepared via one-pot three-component condensation reaction of various aldehydes and amides. All of the أکثرA highly efficient procedure for the preparation of N,N'-alkylidenebisamides in the presence of BF3.SiO2 as a catalyst is described. N,N'-alkylidenebisamides have been prepared via one-pot three-component condensation reaction of various aldehydes and amides. All of the reactions proceeded in high yields and in moderately short reaction times. تفاصيل المقالة -
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37 - Melamine trisulfonic acid as an efficient and reusable catalyst for the crossed-Aldol condensation of ketones and aldehydes under solvent-free conditions
Farhad Shirini Somayeh Sarvi Beigbaghlou Seyyed Vahid AtghiaVarious types of aldehydes undergo crossed-Aldol condensation with ketones in the presence of melamine trisulfonic acid (MTSA) under solvent-free conditions. The reported method is mild, efficient and has the advantages such as using heterogeneous catalysis, short react أکثرVarious types of aldehydes undergo crossed-Aldol condensation with ketones in the presence of melamine trisulfonic acid (MTSA) under solvent-free conditions. The reported method is mild, efficient and has the advantages such as using heterogeneous catalysis, short reaction times, high yields of the products and the recyclability of the catalyst. تفاصيل المقالة -
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38 - Silica-bonded n-propyldiethylenetriamine sulfamic acid as a recyclable solid acid catalyst for the synthesis of coumarin and biscoumarin derivatives
Khodabakhsh Niknam Seyed Ahmad Sajadi Roghayeh Hosseini Mojtaba BaghernejadSilica-bonded n-propyldiethylenetriamine sulfamic acid (SBPDSA) was found as an efficient solid acid for the synthesis of coumarins. Coumarin derivatives were obtained via the Pechmann condensation reaction of phenols and β-keto-esters at 80 oC under solvent-free c أکثرSilica-bonded n-propyldiethylenetriamine sulfamic acid (SBPDSA) was found as an efficient solid acid for the synthesis of coumarins. Coumarin derivatives were obtained via the Pechmann condensation reaction of phenols and β-keto-esters at 80 oC under solvent-free conditions. Also, biscoumarins were obtained via the condensation of aldehydes and 4-hydroxycoumarin in water at reflux conditions. The heterogeneous solid acid showed much the same efficiency when used in consecutive reaction runs. تفاصيل المقالة -
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39 - Sulfuric acid {[3-(3-silicapropyl)sulfanyl]propyl}ester as a recyclable solid acid catalyst for the synthesis of α-amino nitriles
Somayeh Ghasemi Mojtaba Baghernejad Khodabakhsh NiknamSulfuric acid {[3-(3-silicapropyl)sulfanyl]propyl}ester (SASPSPE) is employed as a recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of α-amino nitriles. These syntheses were performed via a one-pot three-component condensation of aldehydes, amines, and trimethylsilyl cyanide أکثرSulfuric acid {[3-(3-silicapropyl)sulfanyl]propyl}ester (SASPSPE) is employed as a recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of α-amino nitriles. These syntheses were performed via a one-pot three-component condensation of aldehydes, amines, and trimethylsilyl cyanide under mild reaction conditions at room temperature. The catalyst could be recycled and reused several times without any loss of efficiency. تفاصيل المقالة -
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40 - Efficient synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes catalyzed by (PhCH2PPh3)+Br- under solvent-free conditions
Farhad Shirini Masoumeh Abedini Manouchehr Mamaghani Arman RahmaniniaBenzyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (BTPB) has been applied as an efficient catalyst for the preparation of bis(indolyl)methanes (BIMs) via electrophilic substitution of indoles with aldehydes in the absence of solvent.Benzyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (BTPB) has been applied as an efficient catalyst for the preparation of bis(indolyl)methanes (BIMs) via electrophilic substitution of indoles with aldehydes in the absence of solvent. تفاصيل المقالة -
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41 - Silica sulfuric acid: an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of substituted indazoles
Digambar D. Gaikwad Rajendra P. PawarA simple extremely fast and efficient approach for the synthesis of substituted indazole ingood to excellent yield catalyzed by using silica sulfuric acid (SSA) in DMSO solvent at roomtemperature. This is solid state reaction have been attracting the synthetic organic c أکثرA simple extremely fast and efficient approach for the synthesis of substituted indazole ingood to excellent yield catalyzed by using silica sulfuric acid (SSA) in DMSO solvent at roomtemperature. This is solid state reaction have been attracting the synthetic organic chemist asthey provided enhance reaction rates, less environmental pollution, greater selectivity, cleanerproducts and manipulative simplicity. Various indazoles are obtained in moderate to excellentyield. تفاصيل المقالة