کاربردپذیری و گونه‌شناسی الگوهای نوین خط مشی‌گذاری: الگوهای انطباقی، شبکه‌ای و نوآوری
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش های مدیریت راهبردینیما اسکندری نیا 1 , کرم اله دانش فرد 2 , ابوالحسن فقیهی 3
1 - دانشجوی دکترا مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد،واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی, تهران، ایران
2 - استاد مدیریت دولتی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،تهران، ایزان
3 - استاد مدیریت دولتی،واحد علوم و تحقیقات ،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: رویکرد مرحله‌ای, رویکرد انطباقی, رویکرد نوآورانه, شبکه خط مشی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از این پژوهش، دستیابی به دیدگاهی جامع از کاربردها، اهداف و نتایج، گونه‌شناسی و عللشکل‌گیری هر یک از رویکردهای نوین خط مشی‌گذاری انطباقی، شبکه‌های خط مشی‌گذاری و خط مشی گذاری نوآورانه(اشاعه خط‌مشی نوآورانه) از طریق مرور ادبیات می‌باشد. پس از معرفی فرآیند مرحله‌ای یا چرخه خط مشی‌گذاری عمومی، انتقادات بسیار شدیدی نسبت به این رویکرد وارد شد و در سال‌های اخیر، رویکردهای نوینی از جمله اشاعه نوآوری، خط مشی‌گذاری انطباقی و شبکه خط مشی‌گذاری برای پوشش خلاء‌های رویکرد مرحله‌ای، مطرح شده‌اند. این پژوهش از طریق انجام یک مرور ساختاریافته با بررسی 181 مقاله شامل 75 مقاله با موضوع رویکرد انطباقی، 57 مقاله با رویکرد شبکه‌ای و 49 مقاله با رویکرد نوآوری، نشان می‌دهد که این رویکردها دارای کاربردها، اهداف و حوزه های خاص می باشند و بنا به دلایل اقتضائی مختلف شکل گرفته‌اند.بنابراین هیچ یک از این رویکردها، قادر نیستند به‌عنوان جایگزینی کامل برای رویکرد مرحله مورد استفاده قرار بگیرند و در استفاده از این رویکردها باید به شرایط اقتضائی شامل اهداف و نتایج حاصل از بکارگیری رویکرد، حوزه های بکارگیری رویکرد و کاربردهای آن توجه شود.
The purpose of this study is to achieve a comprehensive view of the applications, objectives and results, typology and causes of the formation of each of the new approaches to adaptive policy-making, innovative policy-making networks and policy-making (dissemination of innovative policy-making) through literature review. After the introduction of the step-by-step process or cycle of public policy, there was a lot of criticism of this approach. And in recent years, new approaches have been proposed, including the dissemination of innovation, adaptive policy-making, and the policy-making network to fill gaps in the step-by-step approach. This research shows that these approaches have specific applications, goals and areas by conducting a structured review by reviewing 181 articles including 75 articles on adaptive approach, 57 articles on network approach and 49 articles on innovation approach which have been emerged based on various contingent reasons. Therefore, none of these approaches can be used as a complete alternative to the step-by-step approach, and in using these approaches, the contingency conditions including the goals and results of applying the approach, areas of application and its applications should be considered
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